<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ns2:project xmlns:ns1="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api" xmlns:ns2="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/project" xmlns:ns3="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/fund" xmlns:ns4="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/person" xmlns:ns5="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/project/outcome" xmlns:ns6="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/organisation" ns1:created="2026-07-08T08:44:08Z" ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/projects/41513194-F29E-48A1-8014-E6F399A40783" ns1:id="41513194-F29E-48A1-8014-E6F399A40783"><ns1:links><ns1:link ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/organisations/EA2C7AF5-B2FD-4ACE-AFC4-383DC185A792" ns1:rel="LEAD_ORG"/><ns1:link ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/organisations/EA2C7AF5-B2FD-4ACE-AFC4-383DC185A792" ns1:rel="PARTICIPANT_ORG"/><ns1:link ns1:end="2012-07-30T23:00:00Z" ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/funds/DE9F6B1A-10C9-45DF-8A79-2C78B0CBDC92" ns1:rel="FUND" ns1:start="2011-09-30T23:00:00Z"/></ns1:links><ns2:identifiers><ns2:identifier ns2:type="RCUK">130700</ns2:identifier></ns2:identifiers><ns2:title>Clean Cool Combustion (CCC)</ns2:title><ns2:status>Closed</ns2:status><ns2:grantCategory>Feasibility Studies</ns2:grantCategory><ns2:leadFunder>Innovate UK</ns2:leadFunder><ns2:abstractText>WDL has developed a turbo-expansion system (TES) which substantially reduces the intake air temperature in IC engines. The potential benefits are improved performance &amp;amp; fuel economy combined with reduced emissions. TES is an additive technology which does not impact on the core engine design or engine installation in a vehicle. The CCC project focuses on the impact on the combustion process of TES. We will use 1D engine system models, to define boundary conditions, coupled with 3D in-cylinder combustion modelling to predict the effect of reduced intake temperatures. We will optimise the combustion system parameters to maximise the potential of a TES on automotive vehicle petrol &amp;amp; diesel engines.</ns2:abstractText></ns2:project>