<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ns2:project xmlns:ns1="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api" xmlns:ns2="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/project" xmlns:ns3="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/fund" xmlns:ns4="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/person" xmlns:ns5="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/project/outcome" xmlns:ns6="http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/gtr/api/organisation" ns1:created="2026-06-03T15:52:43Z" ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/projects/DC1EF4A7-159D-4941-9FAB-C7844F46DA73" ns1:id="DC1EF4A7-159D-4941-9FAB-C7844F46DA73"><ns1:links><ns1:link ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/persons/6E89A1A9-4036-4437-9047-720AB4B8C8F9" ns1:rel="PM_PER"/><ns1:link ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/organisations/B56ADB09-CD42-4AA3-AC8D-0ADABC9E91B7" ns1:rel="LEAD_ORG"/><ns1:link ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/organisations/B56ADB09-CD42-4AA3-AC8D-0ADABC9E91B7" ns1:rel="PARTICIPANT_ORG"/><ns1:link ns1:end="2022-05-30T23:00:00Z" ns1:href="http://gtr.ukri.org/gtr/api/funds/31879472-7642-4A8A-A35F-BF65B7EA4A77" ns1:rel="FUND" ns1:start="2021-05-31T23:00:00Z"/></ns1:links><ns2:identifiers><ns2:identifier ns2:type="RCUK">105533</ns2:identifier></ns2:identifiers><ns2:title>Millicent: directed acyclic graph (DAG) cryptocurrency designed for ultra low-fees, nanopayments, price-stability, mass adoption, and regulatory compliance.</ns2:title><ns2:status>Closed</ns2:status><ns2:grantCategory>Collaborative R&amp;D</ns2:grantCategory><ns2:leadFunder>Innovate UK</ns2:leadFunder><ns2:abstractText>**Millicent combines the benefits, and eliminates many problems, of fiat and cryptocurrency_---_creating a global payment system for the future.**

When you woke up this morning, you likely turned on the light, and had a shower. Did you think about the fractions of a penny doing either of those actions cost you? Probably not.

But why - given we can make these fractional payments with ancient technology - can't we pay for things in the same way online?

The answer is: a financial system decades behind the times, and too many middlemen who each want a cut. With fees of up to 4% of the total sale price, _plus_ a fixed fee of 20p, small payments are impractical/impossible.

High fees are bad for larger transactions as well. In 2019, card providers took &amp;pound;65bn in transaction fees alone!

_These high fees hit small businesses and sole traders especially hard._

**Blockchain is often touted as the future of payments, but it suffers from fundamental flaws.**

The linear sequence of blockchain transactions causes slow settlement times, and the need for third-party transaction verification requires the payment of network fees.

**An emerging alternative to blockchain is Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)**. With DAG's branching structure, **transactions can occur simultaneously**, greatly improving transaction speed, and, as users also perform verification, it can **completely eliminate network fees**!

**DAG opens up a myriad of use cases.** For example:

* Clicking on a paywalled newspaper article to find the publisher charging 5p to read the article, instead of &amp;pound;10 for a monthly subscription.
* A social media network powered by passing value back and forth between users, instead of big tech collecting private data to power personalised ads.
* Small businesses saving thousands of pounds in transaction fees.

Millicent is based on **fiat-pegged stablecoins like the mGBP**, tradeable one-to-one for Pound Sterling, its price never fluctuating so everyone always knows exactly what they're spending/earning.

Currently, we are creating an **easy-to-use DAG-powered e-wallet** (available as a browser extension and iOS/Android apps), **as well as components to integrate with existing tech** (payment systems, platforms, apps), **powering them to accept ultra-low fee payments and nanopayments.**

Without a network of real-world users, new financial systems are just academic, so **we have developed a radical adoption incentivisation program to ensure rapid initial traction.**

**We believe DAG is the key to a host of improvements for the global financial system, and we've got huge plans for the future.**</ns2:abstractText></ns2:project>