COMPACT - Continuous Microsystem Production of Catalysts Technology

Lead Research Organisation: University of Bath
Department Name: Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Currently, there is outstanding world-leading nano-material science being developed in Europe and especially the UK. The growing understanding of the physical and chemical interactions at the nanoscale is constantly revealing novel materials with a wide range of applications from catalysis, drug delivery, sensors, etc. However, the full realisation of these materials and their potential impact is hindered by the lack of a manufacturing technology capable of their production in a continuous and reproducible manner in large scale. This Fellowship project, aligned with the EPSRC Manufacturing the Future theme, will deliver a transformative technology for the large production of the next generation of nano-structured materials and catalysts. Its impact will allow the fast and effective transfer of knowledge from lab research to industrial scale which is essential to enhance global life standards while providing competitive advantages to the UK.

Planned Impact

This proposal has been designed with impact at the core, focused on a transformational approach to manufacturing of catalysts and structured materials. It is expect to benefit the UK and international academic community, industry and manufacturing sectors. It will also bring a wide-range of societal benefits including environmental sustainability, economy and education. The Case for Support contains a detailed academic impact plan. The roadmap to promote and ensure these impacts is described in the Pathways to Impact. This section identifies the main beneficiaries beyond me as an EPSRC Early Career Fellow, and the scientific community:

Lead users: The development of the proposed micro-scale manufacturing technology capable of producing metal particles with the desired shape and size in a continuous, scalable and reproducible manner will transform the range of materials and catalysts available at a commercial scale. Its implementation will directly benefit materials and catalysts manufacturing companies (e.g. Johnson Matthey, Oxford Catalysts, Evonik, etc.) providing competitive advantages especially in terms of product quality and customisation. It will also directly impact the competitiveness of technology suppliers specialised in micro-scale systems by the adoption of the innovative engineering strategies developed in the project.
Additionally, the manufacturing capabilities gained from this project will directly benefit the chemical-reliant industry (chemical; e.g. BP, Dow Chemicals, Unilever and pharmaceutical; e.g. GSK, Novartis, Pfizer) where more than 95% of their processes are carried out in the presence of a catalyst. The fast transfer of cutting edge research advances into industry will undoubtedly have a great impact in the UK and global economy in the medium and long-term, supporting an industry which counts for 21% of the UK GDP and supports over 6 million jobs.

End users: The implementation of more active and more selective catalysts and the industrial adaptation of cutting-edge discoveries in nano-science will enable the technical viability of more environmentally friendly processes while presenting attractive economic benefits associated to the decrease of the capital investment on industrial processes (smaller reactors and separation units) and operation costs (low energy consumption and waste production) enhancing the competitiveness of UK chemistry-using sector in the global market.
This progress will consequently have a wide range of benefits for end users in areas of water treatment, energy, food industry, healthcare, plastic production, etc. These new sustainable technologies will have societal benefits such as the reduction of emissions of pollutants, sustainable social development, better use of resources, reduced environmental impact, etc., leading to an enhanced quality of life and welfare.

Education: This project will have a direct impact in the training and formation of all PhD students in my research group who will benefit from the expertise and capabilities gained during the project. Indirectly, it will also benefit all PhD students associated with the Centre of Doctoral Training in the Centre of Sustainable Chemical Technologies at Bath as well as other postgraduate students in the Department.
Additionally, aspects of this cutting-edge research will be implemented in the undergraduate teaching modules providing students with knowledge beyond traditional engineering and understanding of its impact in day-to-day applications.
The university outreach events and public engagement activities will further expand the impact of this research to school students and the public in general. Science promotion, awakening scientific vocations and nurturing of current and future scientists and engineers are amongst the expected benefits via education.
 
Description Metal nanoparticles have unique chemical and physical properties with a wide range of applications from catalysis, bio-medicine, imaging, energy conversion, etc. However, their deployment in real world applications is limited by the lack of manufacturing process able to produce them in large scale with control size.
This project contributed to the creation of such manufacturing technology by the development of bespoke microreactors guided by fluid dynamic simulation to understand the mixing in these reactors. As a result, we have demonstrated that the size and distribution of metal nanoparticles is directly related to the early degree of mixing during their synthesis. This finding has profound implications providing a shift in the way that nanomaterial synthetic routes are developed, demonstrating the importance of developing new chemical synthetic routes and reactors simultaneously.
Exploitation Route Over the last years, there has been an increase in the use of flow reactors for the synthesis of nanomaterials. The outcomes of this project are contributing to further advances in the field, in particular, to the use of flow set-ups for the understanding of early-stages mechanistic steps (in the range of microseconds), previously unattained in conventional batch reactors, but also the development of data-rich systems for the implementation of artificial intelligence approaches for the synthesis of nanomaterials.
Sectors Chemicals,Energy,Environment,Healthcare,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology

 
Description Programme Grant
Amount £4,837,000 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/P02081X/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 07/2017 
End 06/2022
 
Description Christos Markides 
Organisation Imperial College London
Department Department of Chemical Engineering
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The outcomes of this project enable the start of a collaboration for the production of nanofluids and its further funding by EPSRC
Collaborator Contribution Exploration and simulation of nanofluids to reduce the CO2 emissions in the UK chemical industry
Impact Multi-disciplinary and multi-site collaboration
Start Year 2016
 
Description Jeremy Baumberg 
Organisation University of Cambridge
Department Cavendish Laboratory
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution This project is enabling a collaboration to provide metal nanoparticles with tuneable sizes for the development of responsive functional polymers
Collaborator Contribution They are opening up new applications for these nanoparticles
Impact This is a multi-disciplinary collaboration between physics and engineering.
Start Year 2017
 
Description Johnson Matthey 
Organisation Johnson Matthey
Department Johnson Matthey Catalysts
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution We are providing a new technology ofr the manufacturing of taylor catalysts with control on nanoparticle size and dispersity.
Collaborator Contribution Advice Industrial expertise Steering direction of research
Impact JM has strongly supported our latest proposal for the renewal of the NanoCDT in Cambridge
Start Year 2018
 
Description Justin Hargreaves 
Organisation University of Glasgow
Department Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The understanding of new catalytic concepts developed during this project has been used to establish this new collaboration about N-activation systems where both groups are developing new sustainable catalysts for ammonia decomposition.
Collaborator Contribution They have expertise on nitrogen activation catalytic system, a complementary area to our own catalytic systems.
Impact I have participated in a symposium organised by Dr Hargreaves at the University of Glasgow.
Start Year 2016
 
Description Karina Mathisen 
Organisation Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Department Department of Chemistry
Country Norway 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Provision of materials as well as characterisation and catalytic tests
Collaborator Contribution Deep understanding of the relationship between metal components in catalysts via characterisation using XAS
Impact Multi-disciplinary collaboration
Start Year 2016
 
Description Karina Mathisen (NTNU, Norway) 
Organisation Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Country Norway 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Exchange of materials to test their activity in the ammonia decomposition reaction
Collaborator Contribution Access to new materials Access to advanced synchrotron based characterisation techniques to understand the mechanism of reaction
Impact Materials science, chemistry and engineering
Start Year 2017
 
Description Michael DeVolder 
Organisation University of Cambridge
Department Institute for Manufacturing
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Share of characterisation equipment and skills Knowledge on material synthesis, specially nanostructured ceramic materials
Collaborator Contribution Share of characterisation equipment and skills Knowledge on battery testing
Impact Mulstidisciplinary collaboration including manufacturing, chemistry and chemical engineering
Start Year 2017
 
Description Tomas Garcia 
Organisation Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Department Institute of Carboquímica
Country Spain 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Provided materials for catalytic testing
Collaborator Contribution Provided catalytic information of novel materials synthesised in the group. They also provided expertise in the advanced characterisation of materials.
Impact Multi-disciplinary collaboration, bringing material development and oxidation catalysis with engineering approaches
Start Year 2012