NERC Field Spectroscopy Facility (FSF)
Lead Research Organisation:
King's College London
Department Name: NCEO Kings
Abstract
Earth Observation (EO) is an essential tool for understanding terrestrial, marine, freshwater, cryospheric and atmospheric processes at globally significant scales. There are enormous scientific and commercial opportunities arising from these data as the global array of EO platforms and sensors increases rapidly and more users apply the data in their applications. Most EO relies on satellite measurements of electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted by the Earth. These space data require careful interpretation to best extract the information pertaining to Earth's environment and local field and UAV observations of spectra are a vital tool in this work. This is becoming increasingly important a sensors with ever finer spectral (eg. the hyper-spectral EnMap and fluorescence monitoring FLEX) resolutions are launched.
NERC's Field Spectroscopy Facility (FSF) will support this process, providing a critical mass of both equipment and skills in field spectroscopic operation, so enabling technical innovation and providing financial efficiency for UK science (though the reduction in the duplication of both equipment and learning how to make use of it). FSF will underpin EO analysis across environmental science domains by providing direct community access to advanced spectroscopic instruments, calibration facilities, and field support and advice. FSF will support the development of techniques to estimate environmental parameters from remotely sensed spectral measures, and for the ground validation and calibration of near-earth, airborne and satellite EO data. FSF will also support relevant and critical international activities that underpin spectroscopic interpretation. FSF national capability is linked to its unique combination of instrument expertise, direct access laboratory/calibration facilities, field work logistics support, high quality training and equipment for loan.
FSF will provide a unique facility, supplying UK scientists not only with equipment, but with the training, optical laboratory access and guidance at all project stages, from methods development to in-field support through to data analysis and publication. FSF will provide users with training to be experts in field spectroscopy techniques, to understand the measurements they are making, the equipment they are using, and how to get the most out of their fieldwork and data. FSF is committed to delivering this science support to a broad user community, from EO experts who lead spectroscopic technique development, to environmental scientists who need support to interpret and analyse EO data to address their science.
FSF will engage and support communities from terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric domains, and across disciplines from field biology, ecology, land use, biogeochemistry, meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, vulcanology, cryosphere, marine science, food security among others. FSF will host and support a pool of modern, field-ready instruments for use by the UK science community: field spectroradiometers, an open path FTIR spectrometer, tracking and handheld sun photometers, multi and hyper-spectral UAV sensors, solar-induced fluorescence and an underwater optical sensor suite. FSF will provide a direct access optical calibration laboratory, providing users with the capability to calibrate and characterise their equipment to traceable national standards. These facilities will also allow FSF to conduct 'in-house' research and development, optimising spectrometer system performance, to produce new methods and tools to support NERC scientists. FSF has advanced understanding of its equipment and their physical measurements, allowing FSF to give its users more insight into data, their limitations and how they can best be utilised to achieve high-impact science. FSF will also support calibration of NCEO instrumentation and implementation of relevant NCEO NC science.
NERC's Field Spectroscopy Facility (FSF) will support this process, providing a critical mass of both equipment and skills in field spectroscopic operation, so enabling technical innovation and providing financial efficiency for UK science (though the reduction in the duplication of both equipment and learning how to make use of it). FSF will underpin EO analysis across environmental science domains by providing direct community access to advanced spectroscopic instruments, calibration facilities, and field support and advice. FSF will support the development of techniques to estimate environmental parameters from remotely sensed spectral measures, and for the ground validation and calibration of near-earth, airborne and satellite EO data. FSF will also support relevant and critical international activities that underpin spectroscopic interpretation. FSF national capability is linked to its unique combination of instrument expertise, direct access laboratory/calibration facilities, field work logistics support, high quality training and equipment for loan.
FSF will provide a unique facility, supplying UK scientists not only with equipment, but with the training, optical laboratory access and guidance at all project stages, from methods development to in-field support through to data analysis and publication. FSF will provide users with training to be experts in field spectroscopy techniques, to understand the measurements they are making, the equipment they are using, and how to get the most out of their fieldwork and data. FSF is committed to delivering this science support to a broad user community, from EO experts who lead spectroscopic technique development, to environmental scientists who need support to interpret and analyse EO data to address their science.
FSF will engage and support communities from terrestrial, oceanic and atmospheric domains, and across disciplines from field biology, ecology, land use, biogeochemistry, meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, vulcanology, cryosphere, marine science, food security among others. FSF will host and support a pool of modern, field-ready instruments for use by the UK science community: field spectroradiometers, an open path FTIR spectrometer, tracking and handheld sun photometers, multi and hyper-spectral UAV sensors, solar-induced fluorescence and an underwater optical sensor suite. FSF will provide a direct access optical calibration laboratory, providing users with the capability to calibrate and characterise their equipment to traceable national standards. These facilities will also allow FSF to conduct 'in-house' research and development, optimising spectrometer system performance, to produce new methods and tools to support NERC scientists. FSF has advanced understanding of its equipment and their physical measurements, allowing FSF to give its users more insight into data, their limitations and how they can best be utilised to achieve high-impact science. FSF will also support calibration of NCEO instrumentation and implementation of relevant NCEO NC science.
Publications

Adams J
(2025)
Remote Mapping of Bedrock for Future Cosmogenic Nuclide Exposure Dating Studies in Unvisited Areas of Antarctica
in Remote Sensing


Brown L
(2024)
Hyperspectral Leaf Area Index and Chlorophyll Retrieval over Forest and Row-Structured Vineyard Canopies
in Remote Sensing

Chilinski M
(2024)
Vertical Profiles of Aerosol Optical Properties (VIS/NIR) over Wetland Environment: POLIMOS-2018 Field Campaign
in Remote Sensing

Cutting B
(2024)
Remote Quantification of Soil Organic Carbon: Role of Topography in the Intra-Field Distribution
in Remote Sensing

Elma E
(2024)
Evaluating UAV-based multispectral imagery for mapping an intertidal seagrass environment
in Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems



Lee Jones A
(2024)
Reflections of stress: Ozone damage in broadleaf saplings can be identified from hyperspectral leaf reflectance.
in Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
Description | NERC S&F & LRI Baseline Capital Call Summer 2024 -- January 2025 Award |
Amount | £491,256 (GBP) |
Organisation | Natural Environment Research Council |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 01/2025 |
End | 03/2025 |
Description | NEWSTAND Project |
Organisation | European Association of National Metrology Institutes (EURAMET) |
Country | Germany |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
PI Contribution | FSF has been invited to work as a work package provider for the New Calibration Standards and Methods for Radiometry and Photometry After Phaseout of Incandescent Lamps (NEWSTAND) project. Working with other European metrology labs, we will help to standardize methodologies for radiometric calibrations post phaseout of incandescent lamps. |
Collaborator Contribution | EURAMET are the orgnaizing body for NEWSTAND. They have brought together European metrology labs, led in the UK by the National Physics Laboratory, to generate a series of work packages to address the issue raised above. |
Impact | No outcomes so far, as project still in early stages. NPL and FSF have worked on a preliminary schedule for intercalibration of spectrometers. |
Start Year | 2024 |
Description | Pan-European Network of Green Deal Agriculture and Forestry Earth Observation Science (European Cooperation in Science and Technology COST Project CA22136) |
Organisation | European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) |
Country | Belgium |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | Operations Manager is involved with Working Group 1, "Field Phenotyping", and is providing information on the development of UAV based spectroscopic methods for field trials. Earth Observation Equipment Specialist is involved with Working Group 4, "Uncertainty Analysis and Standardisation", and is contributing to the development of uncertainty budgets for activities resulting from working groups 1 and 2. |
Collaborator Contribution | COST provides leadership for the working groups, providing fora for collaboration. |
Impact | Collaboration is multi-disciplinary, and covers the fields of: 1. Remote sensing - focus on field spectroscopic methods for ground based and UAV measurements, and calibration-validation exercises for in-orbit sensors. 2. Metrology - uncertainty analysis development |
Start Year | 2024 |
Title | NERC-FSF/FieldSpecUtils: FieldSpecUtils |
Description | Sentinel-2 and WorldView resampling convolution for field spectroscopy data covering the 350 to 2500 nm (interpolated to 1 nm) spectral range |
Type Of Technology | Software |
Year Produced | 2024 |
Open Source License? | Yes |
Impact | FieldSpecUtils has been used for the resampling of ground spectra to ESA Sentinel-2 SRFs. |
URL | https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10723142 |
Description | British Ecological Society Annual Meeting 2024 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | NERC FSF operated an exhibition stand at the British Ecological Society 2024. This was used to raise awareness of, and engagement with, the facility. Facility members tracked the number of direct engagements with the exhibition stand. A total of 115 unique attendees were recorded. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
URL | https://www.britishecologicalsociety.org/content/bes-annual-meeting-2024/ |
Description | Farnborough International Airshow 2024 Space Zone |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | FSF, as part of the National Centre for Earth Observation, were invited to host a stand at the Farnborough International Airshow 2024 "Space Zone". The facility staff in attendance advertised and raised awareness of the facility, distributed literature about the facility, and fielded questions on remote sensing. Links with other UKRI facilities, as well with businesses involved in the remote sensing industry, were formed. Based on a track of audience participants made by the facility staff, a total of 165 visitors to the FSF stand were recorded. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
URL | https://www.farnboroughairshow.com/the-show/leading-show-features/space-zone/ |
Description | NEODAAS-FSF Remote Sensing Workshop |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | FSF worked with fellow NCEO facility NEODAAS to provide a four day workshop on the processing of Earth Observation data, covering ground based, UAV, airborne and satellite imagery processing. The purpose was to train postgraduates and post-doctoral research associates in how to acquire and process Earth observation data. FSF's component included a practical demonstration of acquiring field spectroscopy data using a field spectrometer, processing field spectroscopy data using Python, and using ground based and UAV data to process multispectral imagery in ESA SNAP. A total of 28 participants were in attendance. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
URL | https://fsf.nerc.ac.uk/training/workshops/2024/ |
Description | Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Society Wavelength 2024 Conference -- FSF Workshop on Remote Sensing |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
Results and Impact | The facility provided a workshop at the Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Society Wavelength 2024 Conference. Facility staff provided a two hour course on the processing of remote sensing data acquired from ground based and UAV platforms. A total of 38 participants were in attendance. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
URL | https://www.rspsoc.org.uk/index.php/wavelength.html |