The role of colonic flora in the health benefits of dietary flavanols
Lead Research Organisation:
University of East Anglia
Department Name: Graduate Office
Abstract
This project seeks to understand how consumption of flavanol-rich foods such as dark chocolate, tea, apples and red wine causes beneficial changes in markers of cardiovascular health. Specifically, the project will assess the role of gut microflora-derived metabolites of dietary flavanols called y-valerolactones which are major products of flavanols that accumulate in human plasma after a flavanol-rich meal. Currently, nothing is known of the biological activities of human valerolactone metabolites and the role of y-valerolactones in delivering the health benefits reported for flavanol consumption. The student will directly test the ability of y-valerolactones and their human phase-2 conjugates (that are uniquely available at IFR) to alter biomarkers of vascular endothelial function and inflammation in vitro using cultured human endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In addition, the specific effects of y-valerolactones on progression of atherosclerosis will be assessed in vivo by directly feeding y-valerolactones, and compared to the effects of feeding the precursor flavanols or a control diet.
People |
ORCID iD |
| Paul Kroon (Primary Supervisor) | |
| Jenna Helleur (Student) |
Publications
Studentship Projects
| Project Reference | Relationship | Related To | Start | End | Student Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BB/M011216/1 | 01/10/2015 | 31/03/2024 | |||
| 1786321 | Studentship | BB/M011216/1 | 01/10/2016 | 31/12/2020 | Jenna Helleur |
| Description | I work on a food metabolite that is broken down by our gut microbiota for which there is no published literature on. We are aware of the bioavailability of the compound and how it will circulate the plasma for up to 72 hours post consumption of the initial food source (such as green tea, cocoa, and red fruits and vegetables). I have performed a dietary intervention study on mice using these compounds and the raw compound precursor to assess whether it can mitigate insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes). My data suggests that the parent compound of polyphenols provides a stronger effect in the prevention of type-2 diabetes from a high fat diet. However, my data also infers that the metabolite could be contributing to this effect in some way, but is not wholly responsible. The RNA-Sequencing has revealed novel findings with regards to how the hepatic transcription profile is changed with polyphenol consumption. Particularly surrounding how the food compounds prevent the deactivation of genes involved in insulin signalling and subsequently insuiln resistance. My study has revealed that the parent consumed compounds provide greater effects at mitigating insulin resistance, but their metabolites contribute only modestly to these effects. This research is completely novel and has provided data that could impact society in terms of extracting a food source and using as a supplement/dietary advice in preventing disease. |
| Exploitation Route | Use for food manufacturers and further research to assess how the compounds could perform as a supplement or added into food source. |
| Sectors | Agriculture, Food and Drink,Chemicals,Healthcare,Retail |
| Description | Bespoke synthesis of polyphenol human metabolites |
| Organisation | University of Barcelona |
| Country | Spain |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We used synthetic organic chemistry routes to make phase-2 conjugates of various dietary flavonoids and phenolic acids and supplied these to various collaborators for testing of biological activity. These compounds are not available commercially and for many of them they are unique to our lab. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Partners have used these physiologically relevant metabolites to test their biological activity using in vitro models such as cultured mammalian cell models, etc... They have also used them as authentic standards to facilitate identification and quantification of metabolites in human and animal tissues including blood, urine and faeces. |
| Impact | Petri N, Tannergen C, Holst B, Mellon FA, Bao Y, Plumb GW, Bacon J, O'Leary KA, Kroon PA, Knutson L, Forsell P, Eriksson T, Lennernas H & Williamson G (2003) "Absorption/metabolism of sulforaphane and quercetin, and regulation of phase II enzymes, in human jejenum in vivo". Drug Metab Disposition 31, 805-813.Nemeth K, Plumb GW, Berrin J-G, Juge N, Jacob R, Naim HY, Williamson G, Swallow DM, Kroon PA (2003) "Deglycosylation by small intestinal epithelial cell ? glucosidases is a critical step in the absorption and metabolism of dietary flavonoid glycosides in humans. Eur J Nutr 42, 29-42.Kroon PA, Clifford MN, Crozier A, Day AJ, Donovan JL, Manach C & Williamson G (2004). How should we assess the effects of exposure to dietary polyphenols in vitro? Am J Clin Nutr 80, 15-21. Dupont MS, Day AJ, Bennett RN, Mellon FA & Kroon PA (2004) "Absorption of kaempferol-3-glucuronide from endive in humans". Eur J Clin Nutr 58, 947-954. Needs PW, Kroon PA (2006) Convenient syntheses of metabolically important quercetin glucuronides and sulfates. Tetrahedron 62, 6862-6868. Davis BD, Needs PW, Kroon PA & Brodbelt (2006) Identification of isomeric flavonoid glucuronides in urine and plasma by metal complexation and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 41, 911-920. Tribolo S, Lodi F, Connor C, Suri S, Wilson V, Taylor M, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hughes DA (2008). Comparative effects of quercetin and its predominant human metabolites on adhesion molecule expression in activated human vascular endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 197, 50-56. Loke WM, Proudfoot JM, Stewart S, McKinley AJ, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hodgson JM & Croft KD (2008). Metabolic transformation has a profound effect on anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids such as quercetin: Lack of association between antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Biochem Pharmacol 75, 1045-1053. Loke WM, Proudfoot JM, Stewart S, McKinley AJ, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hodgson JM & Croft KD (2008). Quercetin and its in vivo metabolites inhibit neutrophil-mediated low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Agric Food Chem 56, 3609-3615. Hollands W, Brett GM, Radreau P, Saha S, Teucher B, Bennett, RN & Kroon PA (2008). Processing blackcurrants dramatically reduces the content and does not enhance the urinary yield of anthocyanins in human subjects. Food Chem 108, 869-878. Suri S, Taylor MA, Verity A, Tribolo S, Kroon PA, Hughes DA, Wilson VG (2008). A comparative study of the effects of quercetin and its glucuronide and sulphate metabolites on human neutrophil function in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 76, 645-673. Barrington R, Williamson G, Bennett RN, Davis BD, Brodbelt JS, Kroon PA (2009). Absorption, conjugation and efflux of the flavonoids, kaempferol and galangin, using the intestinal CaCo-2/TC7 cell model. J Functional Foods 1, 74-97. Brett GM, Hollands W, Needs PW, Teucher B, Dainty JR, Bennett RN, Davis BD, Brodbelt JS & Kroon PA (2009). Absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavanones from single portions of orange fruit and juice and effects of anthropometric variables and contraceptive pill use on flavanone excretion. Br J Nutr 101, 664-675. http://journals.cambridge.org/repo_A44rP6ra (Personal author link) Winterbone MS, Tribolo S, Needs PW, Kroon PA & Hughes DA (2009). Physiologically relevant metabolites of quercetin have no effect on adhesion molecule or chemokine expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 202, 431-438. Kay CD, Kroon PA, Cassidy A (2009). The bioactivity of dietary anthocyanins is likely to be mediated by their degradation products. Mol Nutr Food Res 53 Suppl 1:S92-101. Lodi F, Jiménez R, Moreno L, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Hughes DA, Santos-Buelga C, González-Paramás A, Cogolludo A, Duarte J, Perez-Vizcaino F (2009). Glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites of the flavonoid quercetin prevent endothelial dysfunction but lack direct vasodilator effects in rat aorta. Atherosclerosis 204, 34-39. Radreau P, Rhodes JD, Mithen RF, Kroon PA, Sanderson J (2009) Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway activation by quercetin in human lens epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 89, 995-1002. Curtis PJ, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Walls R, Jenkins G, Kay CD, Cassidy A (2009). Cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers and liver function are not altered following twelve week ingestion of an elderberry extract rich in anthocyanins. J Nutr 139, 2266-2271. Soler A, Romero MP, Saha S, Furniss CSM, Kroon PA, Motilva MJ (2010). Digestion stability and evaluation of the metabolism and transport of olive oil phenols in human small intestinal epithelial Caco2/TC7 cell line. Food Chem, 119, 703-714. Suri S, Liu XH, Rayment S, Hughes DA, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Taylor MA, Tribolo S, Wilson VG (2010). Quercetin and its major metabolites selectively modulate cyclic GMP-dependent relaxations and associated tolerance in pig isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 159, 566-575. Bartholomé R, Haenen G, Hollman PCH, Bast A, Dagnelie PC, Roos D, Keijer J, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Arts ICW (2010). Deconjugation kinetics of glucuronidated phase-II flavonoid metabolites by ß-glucuronidase from neutrophils. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 25, 379-387. Pereira-Caro G, Mateos R, Saha S, Madrona A, Espartero JL, Bravo L, Kroon PA (2010). Trans-epithelial transport and metabolism of new lipopohilic ether derivatives of hydroxytyrosol by enterocyte-like CaCo-2/TC7 cells. J Agric Food Chem 58, 11501-11509. Al-Shalmani S, Suri S, Hughes DA, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Taylor MA, Tribolo S, Wilson VG (2011). Quercetin and its principal metabolites, but not myricetin, oppose LPS-induced hyporesponsiveness of the porcine isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 162, 1485-1497. Curtis PJ, Sampson M, Potter J, Dhatariya K, Kroon PA, Cassidy A (2012). Chronic ingestion of flavan-3-ols and isoflavones improves insulin sensitivity and lipoprotein status and attenuates estimated 10-year CVD risk in medicated postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a one year double-blind randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 35, 226-232. Saha S, Hollands W, Needs PW, Ostertag LM, de Roos B, Duthie GG, Kroon PA (2012). Human O-sulfated metabolites of (-)-epicatechin and methyl-(-)-epicatechin are poor substrates for commercial aryl-sulfatases: Implications for studies concerned with quantifying epicatechin bioavailability. Pharmacol Res 65, 592-602. Lodi F, Tribolo S, Winterbone MS, Needs PW, Hughes DA, Kroon PA (2012). Human quercetin conjugated metabolites attenuate TNF-a-induced changes in vasomodulatory molecules in a HUASMCs/HUVECs co-culture model. Planta Med 78, 1571-1573. Hollands WJ, Hart D, Dainty JR, Hasselwander O, Tiihonen K, Wood R, Kroon PA (2013). Bioavailability of epicatechin and effects on nitric oxide metabolites of an apple flavanol-rich extract supplemented beverage compared to a whole apple puree: a randomized, placebo controlled, crossover trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 57, 1209-1217. Tribolo S, Lodi F, Winterbone MS, Saha S, Needs PW, Suri S, Taylor MA, Wilson VG, Walls R, Cassidy A, Hughes DA, Kroon PA (2013). Human metabolic transformation of quercetin blocks its capacity to decrease eNOS expression and endothelin-1 secretion by human endothelial cells. J Agric Food Chem 61, 8589-8596. Czank C, Cassidy A, Zhang Q, Morrison DJ, Preston T, Kroon PA, Botting NP, Kay CD (2013). Human metabolism and elimination of the anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-glucoside: a 13C-tracer study. Am J Clin Nutr 97, 995-1003. Konic-Ristic A, Srdic-Rajica T, Kardum N, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Hayran O, Boyko N, Jorjadze M, Glibetic M (2013). Effects of bioactive-rich extracts of pomegranate, persimmon, nettle, dill, kale and Sideritis and isolated bioactives on arachidonic acid induced markers of platelet activation and platelet-leucocyte aggregation. J Sci Food Agric 93, 3581-3587. De Ferrars RM, Czank C, Zhang Q, Botting NP, Kroon PA, Cassidy A, Kay CD (2014). The pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and their metabolites in humans. Br J Pharmacol 171, 3268-3282. De Ferrars R, Czank C, Saha S, Needs PW, Zhang Q, Raheem KS, Kroon PA, Kay CD (2014). Methods for isolating, identifying and quantifying anthocyanin metabolites in clinical samples. Anal Chem 86, 10052-10058. Danesi F, Kroon PA, Saha S, de Biase D, D'Antuono LF, Bordoni A (2014). Mixed pro- and anti-oxidative effects of pomegranate polyphenols in cultured cells. Int J Mol Sci 15, 19458-19471. Barrington RD, Needs PW, Williamson G, Kroon PA. MK571 inhibits phase-2 conjugation of flavonols by Caco-2/TC7 cells, but does not specifically inhibit their apical efflux. Biochem Pharmacol 95, 193-200. Cerezo AB, Winterbone MS, Moyle CW, Needs PW, Kroon PA (2015). Molecular structure-function relationship of dietary polyphenols for inhibiting VEGF-induced VEGFR-2 activity. Mol Nutr Food Res. 59, 2119-2131. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201500407. Gornas P, Redenkovs V, Pugacheva I, Soliven A, Needs PW, Kroon PA (2016). Varied composition of tocochromanols in different types of bran: Rye, wheat, oat, spelt, buckwheat, corn and rice. Int J Food Properties 19, 1757-1764. Dower JI, Geleijnse JM, Kroon PA, Philo M, Mensink M, Kromhout D, Hollman PCH (2016). Does epicatechin contribute to the acute vascular function effects of dark chocolate? A randomised, crossover study. Mol Nutr Food Res 60, 2379-2386. Poór M, Boda G, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Lemli B, Bencsik T (2017). Interaction of quercetin and its metabolites with warfarin: displacement of warfarin from serum albumin and inhibition of CYP2C9 enzyme. Biomed Pharmacol 88, 574-581. Hollands WJ*, Voorspoels S*, Jacobs G, Aaby K, Meisland A, Garcia-Villalbad R, Tomas-Barberan F, Piskula MJ, Mawson D, Vovk I, Needs PW and Kroon PA (2017). Development, validation and evaluation of an analytical method for the determination of monomeric and oligomeric procyanidins in apple extracts. J Chromatogr A 1495, 46-56. Van Rymenant E, Grootaert C, Beerens K, Needs P, Kroon P, Kerimi A, Williamson G, García Villalba R, González-Sarrías A, Tomas-Barberan F, Van Camp J, Van de Voorde J. Vasorelaxant activity of twenty-one physiologically relevant (poly)phenolic metabolites on isolated mouse arteries. Mol Nutr Food Res 13, 4331-4335. Perez-Moral N, Saha S, Philo M, Hart DJ, Winterbone MS, Hollands WJ, Spurr M, Bows J, vander Velpen V, Kroon PA*, Curtis PJC (2018) Comparative bio-accessibility, bioavailability and bioequivalence of quercetin, apigenin, glucoraphanin and carotenoids from freeze-dried vegetables incorporated into a baked snack versus minimally processed vegetables: Evidence from in vitro models and a human bioavailability study. J Func Food 48, 410-419. Poor M, Boda G, Kunsagi-Mate S, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Lemli B (2018). Fluorescence spectroscopic evaluation of the interactions of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and quercetin-3 '-sulfate with different albumins. J Luminescence 194, 156-163. Wu Q, Kroon PA, Shao HJ, Needs PW, Yang XB (2018). Differential effects of quercetin and two of its derivatives, isorhamnetin and isorhamnetin-3-glucuronide, in inhibiting the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. J Agric Food Chem 66, 7181-7189. Wu Q, Needs PW, Lu YL, Kroon PA, Ren DY, Yang XB (2018). Different antitumor effects of quercetin, quercetin-3'-sulfate and quercetin-3-glucuronide in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Food Func 9, 1736-1746. |
| Start Year | 2010 |
| Description | Bespoke synthesis of polyphenol human metabolites |
| Organisation | University of Milan |
| Country | Italy |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We used synthetic organic chemistry routes to make phase-2 conjugates of various dietary flavonoids and phenolic acids and supplied these to various collaborators for testing of biological activity. These compounds are not available commercially and for many of them they are unique to our lab. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Partners have used these physiologically relevant metabolites to test their biological activity using in vitro models such as cultured mammalian cell models, etc... They have also used them as authentic standards to facilitate identification and quantification of metabolites in human and animal tissues including blood, urine and faeces. |
| Impact | Petri N, Tannergen C, Holst B, Mellon FA, Bao Y, Plumb GW, Bacon J, O'Leary KA, Kroon PA, Knutson L, Forsell P, Eriksson T, Lennernas H & Williamson G (2003) "Absorption/metabolism of sulforaphane and quercetin, and regulation of phase II enzymes, in human jejenum in vivo". Drug Metab Disposition 31, 805-813.Nemeth K, Plumb GW, Berrin J-G, Juge N, Jacob R, Naim HY, Williamson G, Swallow DM, Kroon PA (2003) "Deglycosylation by small intestinal epithelial cell ? glucosidases is a critical step in the absorption and metabolism of dietary flavonoid glycosides in humans. Eur J Nutr 42, 29-42.Kroon PA, Clifford MN, Crozier A, Day AJ, Donovan JL, Manach C & Williamson G (2004). How should we assess the effects of exposure to dietary polyphenols in vitro? Am J Clin Nutr 80, 15-21. Dupont MS, Day AJ, Bennett RN, Mellon FA & Kroon PA (2004) "Absorption of kaempferol-3-glucuronide from endive in humans". Eur J Clin Nutr 58, 947-954. Needs PW, Kroon PA (2006) Convenient syntheses of metabolically important quercetin glucuronides and sulfates. Tetrahedron 62, 6862-6868. Davis BD, Needs PW, Kroon PA & Brodbelt (2006) Identification of isomeric flavonoid glucuronides in urine and plasma by metal complexation and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 41, 911-920. Tribolo S, Lodi F, Connor C, Suri S, Wilson V, Taylor M, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hughes DA (2008). Comparative effects of quercetin and its predominant human metabolites on adhesion molecule expression in activated human vascular endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 197, 50-56. Loke WM, Proudfoot JM, Stewart S, McKinley AJ, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hodgson JM & Croft KD (2008). Metabolic transformation has a profound effect on anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids such as quercetin: Lack of association between antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Biochem Pharmacol 75, 1045-1053. Loke WM, Proudfoot JM, Stewart S, McKinley AJ, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hodgson JM & Croft KD (2008). Quercetin and its in vivo metabolites inhibit neutrophil-mediated low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Agric Food Chem 56, 3609-3615. Hollands W, Brett GM, Radreau P, Saha S, Teucher B, Bennett, RN & Kroon PA (2008). Processing blackcurrants dramatically reduces the content and does not enhance the urinary yield of anthocyanins in human subjects. Food Chem 108, 869-878. Suri S, Taylor MA, Verity A, Tribolo S, Kroon PA, Hughes DA, Wilson VG (2008). A comparative study of the effects of quercetin and its glucuronide and sulphate metabolites on human neutrophil function in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 76, 645-673. Barrington R, Williamson G, Bennett RN, Davis BD, Brodbelt JS, Kroon PA (2009). Absorption, conjugation and efflux of the flavonoids, kaempferol and galangin, using the intestinal CaCo-2/TC7 cell model. J Functional Foods 1, 74-97. Brett GM, Hollands W, Needs PW, Teucher B, Dainty JR, Bennett RN, Davis BD, Brodbelt JS & Kroon PA (2009). Absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavanones from single portions of orange fruit and juice and effects of anthropometric variables and contraceptive pill use on flavanone excretion. Br J Nutr 101, 664-675. http://journals.cambridge.org/repo_A44rP6ra (Personal author link) Winterbone MS, Tribolo S, Needs PW, Kroon PA & Hughes DA (2009). Physiologically relevant metabolites of quercetin have no effect on adhesion molecule or chemokine expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 202, 431-438. Kay CD, Kroon PA, Cassidy A (2009). The bioactivity of dietary anthocyanins is likely to be mediated by their degradation products. Mol Nutr Food Res 53 Suppl 1:S92-101. Lodi F, Jiménez R, Moreno L, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Hughes DA, Santos-Buelga C, González-Paramás A, Cogolludo A, Duarte J, Perez-Vizcaino F (2009). Glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites of the flavonoid quercetin prevent endothelial dysfunction but lack direct vasodilator effects in rat aorta. Atherosclerosis 204, 34-39. Radreau P, Rhodes JD, Mithen RF, Kroon PA, Sanderson J (2009) Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway activation by quercetin in human lens epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 89, 995-1002. Curtis PJ, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Walls R, Jenkins G, Kay CD, Cassidy A (2009). Cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers and liver function are not altered following twelve week ingestion of an elderberry extract rich in anthocyanins. J Nutr 139, 2266-2271. Soler A, Romero MP, Saha S, Furniss CSM, Kroon PA, Motilva MJ (2010). Digestion stability and evaluation of the metabolism and transport of olive oil phenols in human small intestinal epithelial Caco2/TC7 cell line. Food Chem, 119, 703-714. Suri S, Liu XH, Rayment S, Hughes DA, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Taylor MA, Tribolo S, Wilson VG (2010). Quercetin and its major metabolites selectively modulate cyclic GMP-dependent relaxations and associated tolerance in pig isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 159, 566-575. Bartholomé R, Haenen G, Hollman PCH, Bast A, Dagnelie PC, Roos D, Keijer J, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Arts ICW (2010). Deconjugation kinetics of glucuronidated phase-II flavonoid metabolites by ß-glucuronidase from neutrophils. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 25, 379-387. Pereira-Caro G, Mateos R, Saha S, Madrona A, Espartero JL, Bravo L, Kroon PA (2010). Trans-epithelial transport and metabolism of new lipopohilic ether derivatives of hydroxytyrosol by enterocyte-like CaCo-2/TC7 cells. J Agric Food Chem 58, 11501-11509. Al-Shalmani S, Suri S, Hughes DA, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Taylor MA, Tribolo S, Wilson VG (2011). Quercetin and its principal metabolites, but not myricetin, oppose LPS-induced hyporesponsiveness of the porcine isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 162, 1485-1497. Curtis PJ, Sampson M, Potter J, Dhatariya K, Kroon PA, Cassidy A (2012). Chronic ingestion of flavan-3-ols and isoflavones improves insulin sensitivity and lipoprotein status and attenuates estimated 10-year CVD risk in medicated postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a one year double-blind randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 35, 226-232. Saha S, Hollands W, Needs PW, Ostertag LM, de Roos B, Duthie GG, Kroon PA (2012). Human O-sulfated metabolites of (-)-epicatechin and methyl-(-)-epicatechin are poor substrates for commercial aryl-sulfatases: Implications for studies concerned with quantifying epicatechin bioavailability. Pharmacol Res 65, 592-602. Lodi F, Tribolo S, Winterbone MS, Needs PW, Hughes DA, Kroon PA (2012). Human quercetin conjugated metabolites attenuate TNF-a-induced changes in vasomodulatory molecules in a HUASMCs/HUVECs co-culture model. Planta Med 78, 1571-1573. Hollands WJ, Hart D, Dainty JR, Hasselwander O, Tiihonen K, Wood R, Kroon PA (2013). Bioavailability of epicatechin and effects on nitric oxide metabolites of an apple flavanol-rich extract supplemented beverage compared to a whole apple puree: a randomized, placebo controlled, crossover trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 57, 1209-1217. Tribolo S, Lodi F, Winterbone MS, Saha S, Needs PW, Suri S, Taylor MA, Wilson VG, Walls R, Cassidy A, Hughes DA, Kroon PA (2013). Human metabolic transformation of quercetin blocks its capacity to decrease eNOS expression and endothelin-1 secretion by human endothelial cells. J Agric Food Chem 61, 8589-8596. Czank C, Cassidy A, Zhang Q, Morrison DJ, Preston T, Kroon PA, Botting NP, Kay CD (2013). Human metabolism and elimination of the anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-glucoside: a 13C-tracer study. Am J Clin Nutr 97, 995-1003. Konic-Ristic A, Srdic-Rajica T, Kardum N, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Hayran O, Boyko N, Jorjadze M, Glibetic M (2013). Effects of bioactive-rich extracts of pomegranate, persimmon, nettle, dill, kale and Sideritis and isolated bioactives on arachidonic acid induced markers of platelet activation and platelet-leucocyte aggregation. J Sci Food Agric 93, 3581-3587. De Ferrars RM, Czank C, Zhang Q, Botting NP, Kroon PA, Cassidy A, Kay CD (2014). The pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and their metabolites in humans. Br J Pharmacol 171, 3268-3282. De Ferrars R, Czank C, Saha S, Needs PW, Zhang Q, Raheem KS, Kroon PA, Kay CD (2014). Methods for isolating, identifying and quantifying anthocyanin metabolites in clinical samples. Anal Chem 86, 10052-10058. Danesi F, Kroon PA, Saha S, de Biase D, D'Antuono LF, Bordoni A (2014). Mixed pro- and anti-oxidative effects of pomegranate polyphenols in cultured cells. Int J Mol Sci 15, 19458-19471. Barrington RD, Needs PW, Williamson G, Kroon PA. MK571 inhibits phase-2 conjugation of flavonols by Caco-2/TC7 cells, but does not specifically inhibit their apical efflux. Biochem Pharmacol 95, 193-200. Cerezo AB, Winterbone MS, Moyle CW, Needs PW, Kroon PA (2015). Molecular structure-function relationship of dietary polyphenols for inhibiting VEGF-induced VEGFR-2 activity. Mol Nutr Food Res. 59, 2119-2131. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201500407. Gornas P, Redenkovs V, Pugacheva I, Soliven A, Needs PW, Kroon PA (2016). Varied composition of tocochromanols in different types of bran: Rye, wheat, oat, spelt, buckwheat, corn and rice. Int J Food Properties 19, 1757-1764. Dower JI, Geleijnse JM, Kroon PA, Philo M, Mensink M, Kromhout D, Hollman PCH (2016). Does epicatechin contribute to the acute vascular function effects of dark chocolate? A randomised, crossover study. Mol Nutr Food Res 60, 2379-2386. Poór M, Boda G, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Lemli B, Bencsik T (2017). Interaction of quercetin and its metabolites with warfarin: displacement of warfarin from serum albumin and inhibition of CYP2C9 enzyme. Biomed Pharmacol 88, 574-581. Hollands WJ*, Voorspoels S*, Jacobs G, Aaby K, Meisland A, Garcia-Villalbad R, Tomas-Barberan F, Piskula MJ, Mawson D, Vovk I, Needs PW and Kroon PA (2017). Development, validation and evaluation of an analytical method for the determination of monomeric and oligomeric procyanidins in apple extracts. J Chromatogr A 1495, 46-56. Van Rymenant E, Grootaert C, Beerens K, Needs P, Kroon P, Kerimi A, Williamson G, García Villalba R, González-Sarrías A, Tomas-Barberan F, Van Camp J, Van de Voorde J. Vasorelaxant activity of twenty-one physiologically relevant (poly)phenolic metabolites on isolated mouse arteries. Mol Nutr Food Res 13, 4331-4335. Perez-Moral N, Saha S, Philo M, Hart DJ, Winterbone MS, Hollands WJ, Spurr M, Bows J, vander Velpen V, Kroon PA*, Curtis PJC (2018) Comparative bio-accessibility, bioavailability and bioequivalence of quercetin, apigenin, glucoraphanin and carotenoids from freeze-dried vegetables incorporated into a baked snack versus minimally processed vegetables: Evidence from in vitro models and a human bioavailability study. J Func Food 48, 410-419. Poor M, Boda G, Kunsagi-Mate S, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Lemli B (2018). Fluorescence spectroscopic evaluation of the interactions of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and quercetin-3 '-sulfate with different albumins. J Luminescence 194, 156-163. Wu Q, Kroon PA, Shao HJ, Needs PW, Yang XB (2018). Differential effects of quercetin and two of its derivatives, isorhamnetin and isorhamnetin-3-glucuronide, in inhibiting the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. J Agric Food Chem 66, 7181-7189. Wu Q, Needs PW, Lu YL, Kroon PA, Ren DY, Yang XB (2018). Different antitumor effects of quercetin, quercetin-3'-sulfate and quercetin-3-glucuronide in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Food Func 9, 1736-1746. |
| Start Year | 2010 |
| Description | Bespoke synthesis of polyphenol human metabolites |
| Organisation | University of Nottingham |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We used synthetic organic chemistry routes to make phase-2 conjugates of various dietary flavonoids and phenolic acids and supplied these to various collaborators for testing of biological activity. These compounds are not available commercially and for many of them they are unique to our lab. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Partners have used these physiologically relevant metabolites to test their biological activity using in vitro models such as cultured mammalian cell models, etc... They have also used them as authentic standards to facilitate identification and quantification of metabolites in human and animal tissues including blood, urine and faeces. |
| Impact | Petri N, Tannergen C, Holst B, Mellon FA, Bao Y, Plumb GW, Bacon J, O'Leary KA, Kroon PA, Knutson L, Forsell P, Eriksson T, Lennernas H & Williamson G (2003) "Absorption/metabolism of sulforaphane and quercetin, and regulation of phase II enzymes, in human jejenum in vivo". Drug Metab Disposition 31, 805-813.Nemeth K, Plumb GW, Berrin J-G, Juge N, Jacob R, Naim HY, Williamson G, Swallow DM, Kroon PA (2003) "Deglycosylation by small intestinal epithelial cell ? glucosidases is a critical step in the absorption and metabolism of dietary flavonoid glycosides in humans. Eur J Nutr 42, 29-42.Kroon PA, Clifford MN, Crozier A, Day AJ, Donovan JL, Manach C & Williamson G (2004). How should we assess the effects of exposure to dietary polyphenols in vitro? Am J Clin Nutr 80, 15-21. Dupont MS, Day AJ, Bennett RN, Mellon FA & Kroon PA (2004) "Absorption of kaempferol-3-glucuronide from endive in humans". Eur J Clin Nutr 58, 947-954. Needs PW, Kroon PA (2006) Convenient syntheses of metabolically important quercetin glucuronides and sulfates. Tetrahedron 62, 6862-6868. Davis BD, Needs PW, Kroon PA & Brodbelt (2006) Identification of isomeric flavonoid glucuronides in urine and plasma by metal complexation and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 41, 911-920. Tribolo S, Lodi F, Connor C, Suri S, Wilson V, Taylor M, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hughes DA (2008). Comparative effects of quercetin and its predominant human metabolites on adhesion molecule expression in activated human vascular endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 197, 50-56. Loke WM, Proudfoot JM, Stewart S, McKinley AJ, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hodgson JM & Croft KD (2008). Metabolic transformation has a profound effect on anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids such as quercetin: Lack of association between antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Biochem Pharmacol 75, 1045-1053. Loke WM, Proudfoot JM, Stewart S, McKinley AJ, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hodgson JM & Croft KD (2008). Quercetin and its in vivo metabolites inhibit neutrophil-mediated low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Agric Food Chem 56, 3609-3615. Hollands W, Brett GM, Radreau P, Saha S, Teucher B, Bennett, RN & Kroon PA (2008). Processing blackcurrants dramatically reduces the content and does not enhance the urinary yield of anthocyanins in human subjects. Food Chem 108, 869-878. Suri S, Taylor MA, Verity A, Tribolo S, Kroon PA, Hughes DA, Wilson VG (2008). A comparative study of the effects of quercetin and its glucuronide and sulphate metabolites on human neutrophil function in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 76, 645-673. Barrington R, Williamson G, Bennett RN, Davis BD, Brodbelt JS, Kroon PA (2009). Absorption, conjugation and efflux of the flavonoids, kaempferol and galangin, using the intestinal CaCo-2/TC7 cell model. J Functional Foods 1, 74-97. Brett GM, Hollands W, Needs PW, Teucher B, Dainty JR, Bennett RN, Davis BD, Brodbelt JS & Kroon PA (2009). Absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavanones from single portions of orange fruit and juice and effects of anthropometric variables and contraceptive pill use on flavanone excretion. Br J Nutr 101, 664-675. http://journals.cambridge.org/repo_A44rP6ra (Personal author link) Winterbone MS, Tribolo S, Needs PW, Kroon PA & Hughes DA (2009). Physiologically relevant metabolites of quercetin have no effect on adhesion molecule or chemokine expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 202, 431-438. Kay CD, Kroon PA, Cassidy A (2009). The bioactivity of dietary anthocyanins is likely to be mediated by their degradation products. Mol Nutr Food Res 53 Suppl 1:S92-101. Lodi F, Jiménez R, Moreno L, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Hughes DA, Santos-Buelga C, González-Paramás A, Cogolludo A, Duarte J, Perez-Vizcaino F (2009). Glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites of the flavonoid quercetin prevent endothelial dysfunction but lack direct vasodilator effects in rat aorta. Atherosclerosis 204, 34-39. Radreau P, Rhodes JD, Mithen RF, Kroon PA, Sanderson J (2009) Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway activation by quercetin in human lens epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 89, 995-1002. Curtis PJ, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Walls R, Jenkins G, Kay CD, Cassidy A (2009). Cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers and liver function are not altered following twelve week ingestion of an elderberry extract rich in anthocyanins. J Nutr 139, 2266-2271. Soler A, Romero MP, Saha S, Furniss CSM, Kroon PA, Motilva MJ (2010). Digestion stability and evaluation of the metabolism and transport of olive oil phenols in human small intestinal epithelial Caco2/TC7 cell line. Food Chem, 119, 703-714. Suri S, Liu XH, Rayment S, Hughes DA, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Taylor MA, Tribolo S, Wilson VG (2010). Quercetin and its major metabolites selectively modulate cyclic GMP-dependent relaxations and associated tolerance in pig isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 159, 566-575. Bartholomé R, Haenen G, Hollman PCH, Bast A, Dagnelie PC, Roos D, Keijer J, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Arts ICW (2010). Deconjugation kinetics of glucuronidated phase-II flavonoid metabolites by ß-glucuronidase from neutrophils. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 25, 379-387. Pereira-Caro G, Mateos R, Saha S, Madrona A, Espartero JL, Bravo L, Kroon PA (2010). Trans-epithelial transport and metabolism of new lipopohilic ether derivatives of hydroxytyrosol by enterocyte-like CaCo-2/TC7 cells. J Agric Food Chem 58, 11501-11509. Al-Shalmani S, Suri S, Hughes DA, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Taylor MA, Tribolo S, Wilson VG (2011). Quercetin and its principal metabolites, but not myricetin, oppose LPS-induced hyporesponsiveness of the porcine isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 162, 1485-1497. Curtis PJ, Sampson M, Potter J, Dhatariya K, Kroon PA, Cassidy A (2012). Chronic ingestion of flavan-3-ols and isoflavones improves insulin sensitivity and lipoprotein status and attenuates estimated 10-year CVD risk in medicated postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a one year double-blind randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 35, 226-232. Saha S, Hollands W, Needs PW, Ostertag LM, de Roos B, Duthie GG, Kroon PA (2012). Human O-sulfated metabolites of (-)-epicatechin and methyl-(-)-epicatechin are poor substrates for commercial aryl-sulfatases: Implications for studies concerned with quantifying epicatechin bioavailability. Pharmacol Res 65, 592-602. Lodi F, Tribolo S, Winterbone MS, Needs PW, Hughes DA, Kroon PA (2012). Human quercetin conjugated metabolites attenuate TNF-a-induced changes in vasomodulatory molecules in a HUASMCs/HUVECs co-culture model. Planta Med 78, 1571-1573. Hollands WJ, Hart D, Dainty JR, Hasselwander O, Tiihonen K, Wood R, Kroon PA (2013). Bioavailability of epicatechin and effects on nitric oxide metabolites of an apple flavanol-rich extract supplemented beverage compared to a whole apple puree: a randomized, placebo controlled, crossover trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 57, 1209-1217. Tribolo S, Lodi F, Winterbone MS, Saha S, Needs PW, Suri S, Taylor MA, Wilson VG, Walls R, Cassidy A, Hughes DA, Kroon PA (2013). Human metabolic transformation of quercetin blocks its capacity to decrease eNOS expression and endothelin-1 secretion by human endothelial cells. J Agric Food Chem 61, 8589-8596. Czank C, Cassidy A, Zhang Q, Morrison DJ, Preston T, Kroon PA, Botting NP, Kay CD (2013). Human metabolism and elimination of the anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-glucoside: a 13C-tracer study. Am J Clin Nutr 97, 995-1003. Konic-Ristic A, Srdic-Rajica T, Kardum N, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Hayran O, Boyko N, Jorjadze M, Glibetic M (2013). Effects of bioactive-rich extracts of pomegranate, persimmon, nettle, dill, kale and Sideritis and isolated bioactives on arachidonic acid induced markers of platelet activation and platelet-leucocyte aggregation. J Sci Food Agric 93, 3581-3587. De Ferrars RM, Czank C, Zhang Q, Botting NP, Kroon PA, Cassidy A, Kay CD (2014). The pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and their metabolites in humans. Br J Pharmacol 171, 3268-3282. De Ferrars R, Czank C, Saha S, Needs PW, Zhang Q, Raheem KS, Kroon PA, Kay CD (2014). Methods for isolating, identifying and quantifying anthocyanin metabolites in clinical samples. Anal Chem 86, 10052-10058. Danesi F, Kroon PA, Saha S, de Biase D, D'Antuono LF, Bordoni A (2014). Mixed pro- and anti-oxidative effects of pomegranate polyphenols in cultured cells. Int J Mol Sci 15, 19458-19471. Barrington RD, Needs PW, Williamson G, Kroon PA. MK571 inhibits phase-2 conjugation of flavonols by Caco-2/TC7 cells, but does not specifically inhibit their apical efflux. Biochem Pharmacol 95, 193-200. Cerezo AB, Winterbone MS, Moyle CW, Needs PW, Kroon PA (2015). Molecular structure-function relationship of dietary polyphenols for inhibiting VEGF-induced VEGFR-2 activity. Mol Nutr Food Res. 59, 2119-2131. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201500407. Gornas P, Redenkovs V, Pugacheva I, Soliven A, Needs PW, Kroon PA (2016). Varied composition of tocochromanols in different types of bran: Rye, wheat, oat, spelt, buckwheat, corn and rice. Int J Food Properties 19, 1757-1764. Dower JI, Geleijnse JM, Kroon PA, Philo M, Mensink M, Kromhout D, Hollman PCH (2016). Does epicatechin contribute to the acute vascular function effects of dark chocolate? A randomised, crossover study. Mol Nutr Food Res 60, 2379-2386. Poór M, Boda G, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Lemli B, Bencsik T (2017). Interaction of quercetin and its metabolites with warfarin: displacement of warfarin from serum albumin and inhibition of CYP2C9 enzyme. Biomed Pharmacol 88, 574-581. Hollands WJ*, Voorspoels S*, Jacobs G, Aaby K, Meisland A, Garcia-Villalbad R, Tomas-Barberan F, Piskula MJ, Mawson D, Vovk I, Needs PW and Kroon PA (2017). Development, validation and evaluation of an analytical method for the determination of monomeric and oligomeric procyanidins in apple extracts. J Chromatogr A 1495, 46-56. Van Rymenant E, Grootaert C, Beerens K, Needs P, Kroon P, Kerimi A, Williamson G, García Villalba R, González-Sarrías A, Tomas-Barberan F, Van Camp J, Van de Voorde J. Vasorelaxant activity of twenty-one physiologically relevant (poly)phenolic metabolites on isolated mouse arteries. Mol Nutr Food Res 13, 4331-4335. Perez-Moral N, Saha S, Philo M, Hart DJ, Winterbone MS, Hollands WJ, Spurr M, Bows J, vander Velpen V, Kroon PA*, Curtis PJC (2018) Comparative bio-accessibility, bioavailability and bioequivalence of quercetin, apigenin, glucoraphanin and carotenoids from freeze-dried vegetables incorporated into a baked snack versus minimally processed vegetables: Evidence from in vitro models and a human bioavailability study. J Func Food 48, 410-419. Poor M, Boda G, Kunsagi-Mate S, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Lemli B (2018). Fluorescence spectroscopic evaluation of the interactions of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and quercetin-3 '-sulfate with different albumins. J Luminescence 194, 156-163. Wu Q, Kroon PA, Shao HJ, Needs PW, Yang XB (2018). Differential effects of quercetin and two of its derivatives, isorhamnetin and isorhamnetin-3-glucuronide, in inhibiting the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. J Agric Food Chem 66, 7181-7189. Wu Q, Needs PW, Lu YL, Kroon PA, Ren DY, Yang XB (2018). Different antitumor effects of quercetin, quercetin-3'-sulfate and quercetin-3-glucuronide in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Food Func 9, 1736-1746. |
| Start Year | 2010 |
| Description | Bespoke synthesis of polyphenol human metabolites |
| Organisation | University of Perth |
| Country | Australia |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We used synthetic organic chemistry routes to make phase-2 conjugates of various dietary flavonoids and phenolic acids and supplied these to various collaborators for testing of biological activity. These compounds are not available commercially and for many of them they are unique to our lab. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Partners have used these physiologically relevant metabolites to test their biological activity using in vitro models such as cultured mammalian cell models, etc... They have also used them as authentic standards to facilitate identification and quantification of metabolites in human and animal tissues including blood, urine and faeces. |
| Impact | Petri N, Tannergen C, Holst B, Mellon FA, Bao Y, Plumb GW, Bacon J, O'Leary KA, Kroon PA, Knutson L, Forsell P, Eriksson T, Lennernas H & Williamson G (2003) "Absorption/metabolism of sulforaphane and quercetin, and regulation of phase II enzymes, in human jejenum in vivo". Drug Metab Disposition 31, 805-813.Nemeth K, Plumb GW, Berrin J-G, Juge N, Jacob R, Naim HY, Williamson G, Swallow DM, Kroon PA (2003) "Deglycosylation by small intestinal epithelial cell ? glucosidases is a critical step in the absorption and metabolism of dietary flavonoid glycosides in humans. Eur J Nutr 42, 29-42.Kroon PA, Clifford MN, Crozier A, Day AJ, Donovan JL, Manach C & Williamson G (2004). How should we assess the effects of exposure to dietary polyphenols in vitro? Am J Clin Nutr 80, 15-21. Dupont MS, Day AJ, Bennett RN, Mellon FA & Kroon PA (2004) "Absorption of kaempferol-3-glucuronide from endive in humans". Eur J Clin Nutr 58, 947-954. Needs PW, Kroon PA (2006) Convenient syntheses of metabolically important quercetin glucuronides and sulfates. Tetrahedron 62, 6862-6868. Davis BD, Needs PW, Kroon PA & Brodbelt (2006) Identification of isomeric flavonoid glucuronides in urine and plasma by metal complexation and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 41, 911-920. Tribolo S, Lodi F, Connor C, Suri S, Wilson V, Taylor M, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hughes DA (2008). Comparative effects of quercetin and its predominant human metabolites on adhesion molecule expression in activated human vascular endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 197, 50-56. Loke WM, Proudfoot JM, Stewart S, McKinley AJ, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hodgson JM & Croft KD (2008). Metabolic transformation has a profound effect on anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids such as quercetin: Lack of association between antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Biochem Pharmacol 75, 1045-1053. Loke WM, Proudfoot JM, Stewart S, McKinley AJ, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Hodgson JM & Croft KD (2008). Quercetin and its in vivo metabolites inhibit neutrophil-mediated low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J Agric Food Chem 56, 3609-3615. Hollands W, Brett GM, Radreau P, Saha S, Teucher B, Bennett, RN & Kroon PA (2008). Processing blackcurrants dramatically reduces the content and does not enhance the urinary yield of anthocyanins in human subjects. Food Chem 108, 869-878. Suri S, Taylor MA, Verity A, Tribolo S, Kroon PA, Hughes DA, Wilson VG (2008). A comparative study of the effects of quercetin and its glucuronide and sulphate metabolites on human neutrophil function in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 76, 645-673. Barrington R, Williamson G, Bennett RN, Davis BD, Brodbelt JS, Kroon PA (2009). Absorption, conjugation and efflux of the flavonoids, kaempferol and galangin, using the intestinal CaCo-2/TC7 cell model. J Functional Foods 1, 74-97. Brett GM, Hollands W, Needs PW, Teucher B, Dainty JR, Bennett RN, Davis BD, Brodbelt JS & Kroon PA (2009). Absorption, metabolism and excretion of flavanones from single portions of orange fruit and juice and effects of anthropometric variables and contraceptive pill use on flavanone excretion. Br J Nutr 101, 664-675. http://journals.cambridge.org/repo_A44rP6ra (Personal author link) Winterbone MS, Tribolo S, Needs PW, Kroon PA & Hughes DA (2009). Physiologically relevant metabolites of quercetin have no effect on adhesion molecule or chemokine expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 202, 431-438. Kay CD, Kroon PA, Cassidy A (2009). The bioactivity of dietary anthocyanins is likely to be mediated by their degradation products. Mol Nutr Food Res 53 Suppl 1:S92-101. Lodi F, Jiménez R, Moreno L, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Hughes DA, Santos-Buelga C, González-Paramás A, Cogolludo A, Duarte J, Perez-Vizcaino F (2009). Glucuronidated and sulfated metabolites of the flavonoid quercetin prevent endothelial dysfunction but lack direct vasodilator effects in rat aorta. Atherosclerosis 204, 34-39. Radreau P, Rhodes JD, Mithen RF, Kroon PA, Sanderson J (2009) Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway activation by quercetin in human lens epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 89, 995-1002. Curtis PJ, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Walls R, Jenkins G, Kay CD, Cassidy A (2009). Cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers and liver function are not altered following twelve week ingestion of an elderberry extract rich in anthocyanins. J Nutr 139, 2266-2271. Soler A, Romero MP, Saha S, Furniss CSM, Kroon PA, Motilva MJ (2010). Digestion stability and evaluation of the metabolism and transport of olive oil phenols in human small intestinal epithelial Caco2/TC7 cell line. Food Chem, 119, 703-714. Suri S, Liu XH, Rayment S, Hughes DA, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Taylor MA, Tribolo S, Wilson VG (2010). Quercetin and its major metabolites selectively modulate cyclic GMP-dependent relaxations and associated tolerance in pig isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 159, 566-575. Bartholomé R, Haenen G, Hollman PCH, Bast A, Dagnelie PC, Roos D, Keijer J, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Arts ICW (2010). Deconjugation kinetics of glucuronidated phase-II flavonoid metabolites by ß-glucuronidase from neutrophils. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 25, 379-387. Pereira-Caro G, Mateos R, Saha S, Madrona A, Espartero JL, Bravo L, Kroon PA (2010). Trans-epithelial transport and metabolism of new lipopohilic ether derivatives of hydroxytyrosol by enterocyte-like CaCo-2/TC7 cells. J Agric Food Chem 58, 11501-11509. Al-Shalmani S, Suri S, Hughes DA, Kroon PA, Needs PW, Taylor MA, Tribolo S, Wilson VG (2011). Quercetin and its principal metabolites, but not myricetin, oppose LPS-induced hyporesponsiveness of the porcine isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 162, 1485-1497. Curtis PJ, Sampson M, Potter J, Dhatariya K, Kroon PA, Cassidy A (2012). Chronic ingestion of flavan-3-ols and isoflavones improves insulin sensitivity and lipoprotein status and attenuates estimated 10-year CVD risk in medicated postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes: a one year double-blind randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care 35, 226-232. Saha S, Hollands W, Needs PW, Ostertag LM, de Roos B, Duthie GG, Kroon PA (2012). Human O-sulfated metabolites of (-)-epicatechin and methyl-(-)-epicatechin are poor substrates for commercial aryl-sulfatases: Implications for studies concerned with quantifying epicatechin bioavailability. Pharmacol Res 65, 592-602. Lodi F, Tribolo S, Winterbone MS, Needs PW, Hughes DA, Kroon PA (2012). Human quercetin conjugated metabolites attenuate TNF-a-induced changes in vasomodulatory molecules in a HUASMCs/HUVECs co-culture model. Planta Med 78, 1571-1573. Hollands WJ, Hart D, Dainty JR, Hasselwander O, Tiihonen K, Wood R, Kroon PA (2013). Bioavailability of epicatechin and effects on nitric oxide metabolites of an apple flavanol-rich extract supplemented beverage compared to a whole apple puree: a randomized, placebo controlled, crossover trial. Mol Nutr Food Res 57, 1209-1217. Tribolo S, Lodi F, Winterbone MS, Saha S, Needs PW, Suri S, Taylor MA, Wilson VG, Walls R, Cassidy A, Hughes DA, Kroon PA (2013). Human metabolic transformation of quercetin blocks its capacity to decrease eNOS expression and endothelin-1 secretion by human endothelial cells. J Agric Food Chem 61, 8589-8596. Czank C, Cassidy A, Zhang Q, Morrison DJ, Preston T, Kroon PA, Botting NP, Kay CD (2013). Human metabolism and elimination of the anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-glucoside: a 13C-tracer study. Am J Clin Nutr 97, 995-1003. Konic-Ristic A, Srdic-Rajica T, Kardum N, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Hayran O, Boyko N, Jorjadze M, Glibetic M (2013). Effects of bioactive-rich extracts of pomegranate, persimmon, nettle, dill, kale and Sideritis and isolated bioactives on arachidonic acid induced markers of platelet activation and platelet-leucocyte aggregation. J Sci Food Agric 93, 3581-3587. De Ferrars RM, Czank C, Zhang Q, Botting NP, Kroon PA, Cassidy A, Kay CD (2014). The pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins and their metabolites in humans. Br J Pharmacol 171, 3268-3282. De Ferrars R, Czank C, Saha S, Needs PW, Zhang Q, Raheem KS, Kroon PA, Kay CD (2014). Methods for isolating, identifying and quantifying anthocyanin metabolites in clinical samples. Anal Chem 86, 10052-10058. Danesi F, Kroon PA, Saha S, de Biase D, D'Antuono LF, Bordoni A (2014). Mixed pro- and anti-oxidative effects of pomegranate polyphenols in cultured cells. Int J Mol Sci 15, 19458-19471. Barrington RD, Needs PW, Williamson G, Kroon PA. MK571 inhibits phase-2 conjugation of flavonols by Caco-2/TC7 cells, but does not specifically inhibit their apical efflux. Biochem Pharmacol 95, 193-200. Cerezo AB, Winterbone MS, Moyle CW, Needs PW, Kroon PA (2015). Molecular structure-function relationship of dietary polyphenols for inhibiting VEGF-induced VEGFR-2 activity. Mol Nutr Food Res. 59, 2119-2131. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201500407. Gornas P, Redenkovs V, Pugacheva I, Soliven A, Needs PW, Kroon PA (2016). Varied composition of tocochromanols in different types of bran: Rye, wheat, oat, spelt, buckwheat, corn and rice. Int J Food Properties 19, 1757-1764. Dower JI, Geleijnse JM, Kroon PA, Philo M, Mensink M, Kromhout D, Hollman PCH (2016). Does epicatechin contribute to the acute vascular function effects of dark chocolate? A randomised, crossover study. Mol Nutr Food Res 60, 2379-2386. Poór M, Boda G, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Lemli B, Bencsik T (2017). Interaction of quercetin and its metabolites with warfarin: displacement of warfarin from serum albumin and inhibition of CYP2C9 enzyme. Biomed Pharmacol 88, 574-581. Hollands WJ*, Voorspoels S*, Jacobs G, Aaby K, Meisland A, Garcia-Villalbad R, Tomas-Barberan F, Piskula MJ, Mawson D, Vovk I, Needs PW and Kroon PA (2017). Development, validation and evaluation of an analytical method for the determination of monomeric and oligomeric procyanidins in apple extracts. J Chromatogr A 1495, 46-56. Van Rymenant E, Grootaert C, Beerens K, Needs P, Kroon P, Kerimi A, Williamson G, García Villalba R, González-Sarrías A, Tomas-Barberan F, Van Camp J, Van de Voorde J. Vasorelaxant activity of twenty-one physiologically relevant (poly)phenolic metabolites on isolated mouse arteries. Mol Nutr Food Res 13, 4331-4335. Perez-Moral N, Saha S, Philo M, Hart DJ, Winterbone MS, Hollands WJ, Spurr M, Bows J, vander Velpen V, Kroon PA*, Curtis PJC (2018) Comparative bio-accessibility, bioavailability and bioequivalence of quercetin, apigenin, glucoraphanin and carotenoids from freeze-dried vegetables incorporated into a baked snack versus minimally processed vegetables: Evidence from in vitro models and a human bioavailability study. J Func Food 48, 410-419. Poor M, Boda G, Kunsagi-Mate S, Needs PW, Kroon PA, Lemli B (2018). Fluorescence spectroscopic evaluation of the interactions of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and quercetin-3 '-sulfate with different albumins. J Luminescence 194, 156-163. Wu Q, Kroon PA, Shao HJ, Needs PW, Yang XB (2018). Differential effects of quercetin and two of its derivatives, isorhamnetin and isorhamnetin-3-glucuronide, in inhibiting the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. J Agric Food Chem 66, 7181-7189. Wu Q, Needs PW, Lu YL, Kroon PA, Ren DY, Yang XB (2018). Different antitumor effects of quercetin, quercetin-3'-sulfate and quercetin-3-glucuronide in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Food Func 9, 1736-1746. |
| Start Year | 2010 |
| Description | EIT Food Global Food Venture Programme |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | I had a successful application for entering into the EIT Food Global Food Venture Programme. This was an entrepreneurship programme held over 9 months to develop a business idea that I had within the food sector. The programme involved visiting: Madrid, Lausanne, San Francisco and Lisbon where a business programme was delivered to me in each of these locations and I met with businesses, new start-ups/spin-outs and a varied audience of entrepreneurs, scientists and businessmen. I pitched and presented in each location to an array of different audiences my new and developed business idea. It took me through from idea to translation and incorporation of a business and how to receive funds. It was a fantastic opportunity and taught me how to translate science into a commercial context in-order to give back to society. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://eit.europa.eu/news-events/news/eit-food-applications-now-open-global-food-venture-programme |
| Description | Knowledge Exchange Trip at the University of Parma |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | I personally organised a trip for 13 of the PhD students (including myself) studying at the Quadram Institute to attend and visit the University of Parma and present research to their PhD researchers and have a tour of the facilities. We exchanged knowledge and also had the opportunity to meet other researchers from another European organisation. Presentations were from both sides and lasted around 15mins each. This was a great opportunity to discuss our research in a wider context and also see how an established research university in Parma performs and laid out. The total excursion lasted 3 days. We were also provided with tours of outside facilities including: production of parmegianni cheese and balsamic vinegar. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.advancedstudies.unipr.it/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Quadram-Abstract-book.pdf |
| Description | Presentation at NuGO Week 2019 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | I presented my PhD research in 20 mins at NuGO week in Bern, Switzerland in 2019. My abstract was successfully selected to present my research and the novel findings within my research to other postgraduate researchers and supervisors. This sparked questions and further conversation afterwards. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | http://www.nugo.org/nugo-week/previous-annual-conferences/nugoweek-2019/draft-detailed-programme/ |
| Description | Presentation at the International Conference on Polyphenols and Health |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | My abstract was successful to provide a presentation on my PhD research to the audience of the International Conference on Polyphenols and Health 2019 in Kobe, Japan. My presentation was for 10 mins with an allowance for questions afterwards. The result of this sparked further conversation and more questions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | http://icph2019.umin.jp/program.html |
| Description | Presentation at the Norwich Science Festival to members of the public |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Around 80 people attended a presentation that I gave titled 'The food benefits of cocoa, green tea and broccoli' as part of Norfolk's annual Norwich Science Festival. The idea is to present to the public about science and research in a manner they can comprehend and understand. As I work in food research it was a way to present background information on certain foods and how my research can benefit society. Following the presentation, the public who attended were fascinated as to how natural foods can really benefit health and understood more about what types of research goes on in the Norwich Research Park. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://quadram.ac.uk/events/science-festival/ |
| Description | iTeams Participant - entrepreneurship |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | iTeams is an EIRA funded programme. It is a series of workshops held over 12 weeks where students who enrol will be provided a commercialisation project that has been 'dormant' from within the Norwich Research Park. The idea is to get the team of PhD students to work on this project and develop it further within the 12 weeks with training and expertise provided by mentors. My specific project was to look at commercialising the compounds produced in Genetically Modified Purple Tomatoes by way of cosmetic products. As a team we worked together very well and went on to develop this idea further by incorporating a company with the University's permission, as they no longer wanted to pursue the project. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.uea.ac.uk/careers/student-enterprise/competitions/postgraduate-competitions/iteams |