Challenging Elites: rethinking disconnection and recovering urban space

Lead Research Organisation: University of the West of Scotland
Department Name: School of Creative & Cultural Industries

Abstract

Our project is grounded in the lived experience of contested urban spaces and neighbourhoods undergoing rapid change. Through deep engagement within four contrasting sites in England and Scotland over five years, we will investigate power dynamics and their consequent material, cultural and symbolic struggles, bringing together academics, community and campaigning organisations, citizens, artists/designers, activists and planners. We will propose, test and analyse live, investigative interventions through arts, media, design and storytelling that enable participants to challenge taken-for-granted or 'common sense' narratives of urban development, belonging and civic participation. The project brings together a multidisciplinary team of academics and community partners with a deep commitment to participatory practice.

Wider outputs from the large grant proposal developed from this process will include: publications, exhibitions, events, debates, reports, film, audio, media, and direct, participatory urban design and public art interventions in the chosen localities.

The research questions, aims, objectives and methods outlined above, agreed across the consortium, will be subject to an intensive co-production process through the development phase of the project. Within this process questions, issues, concepts and approaches will be refined, challenged and reflected upon. As well as workshops, presentation of brief position papers and discussion, we will also test out some of the other methods that are core to the project - walking, mapping and making temporary art/design interventions in the chosen locations. This deliberately peripatetic and experimental approach will require members of the research team and partners to visit different locations, engage in discussion, listen to participants and interact with wider communities, seeking appropriate permissions and assessing the potential of the sites to generate powerful evidence/testimony drawn from tension, conflict and ongoing urban redevelopment plans.

We will also identify appropriate archival sources, assessing relevant heritage and built environment resources, meet with new cultural and voluntary sector organisations, and generate detailed criteria for finalising the selection of sites where we will work. We will recruit an advisory group which will act as a challenging sounding board and connect the project to wider stakeholder communities, including local/national policymakers, academic, charity and third sector networks, artists, architects and urbanists, think tanks and media organisations.

Scoping papers and brief literature reviews will be shared amongst the whole team through a series of short blogposts linked to the development of a public website as well as use of closed social media in order to build trust, confidence, sharpen our approach and clarify concepts and methods. We will also connect with international sources of comparative methods and approaches including projects and programmes in India, the USA, mainland Europe and other international academic networks dealing with our themes and questions.

Planned Impact

The primary impact of the development project is linked to the opportunity to produce a large scale grant proposal for research on challenging elites, disconnection and division across four or more UK locations, drawing together an innovative and highly engaged consortium of HEIs and partner organisations.

The process of developing the large grant proposal will bring the project team into conversation with a number of key stakeholder groups, including but not limited to:

- national and local government agencies and officials in England and Scotland
- corporate interests, property developers, investors and lobbyists in relation to urban development processes
- officials of public-private regeneration partnerships
- a range of wider stakeholder community and voluntary groups in each locality, identified in letters of support and elsewhere in this proposal. We will seek to ensure that these include those least engaged/most excluded and/or informal groups, i.e. women's organisations, disability groups, LGBT and minority ethnic communities.
- international research and knowledge exchange networks in urban regeneration, city planning, community activism, architecture, urbanism and public/participatory arts practice
- community and oral history libraries and archives, faith groups, activist organisations and cultural organisations working in the selected neighbourhoods

These conversations will feed into the development process and inform our plans for impact arising from the large grant proposal, as well as potentially seeding new collaborations and investigations which may be the subject of other research proposals.

There will be a number of subsidiary impacts arising from the development process:

Learning and development opportunities for all participants, particularly through the development of interdisciplinary, shared understandings of methods, theories, approaches and experiences across our sites.

The opportunity to forge links with policy researchers and think tanks e.g. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, Equality and Human Rights Commission, Scottish Urban Regeneration Forum, Architecture and Design Scotland, in the design of the main project proposal to ensure traction, network engagement and further potential impact on policymaking and practice at local and national scale

The project website, blogs, and social media presence will amplify engagement and ensure that the project's aims and objectives are challenged through public debate and dissemination. However we will also be mindful of the need to generate engagement beyond the readily visible forms of websites, conference presentations to expert communities and academics through deep engagement with community partners. The products of these engagements may not be so immediatedly visble. For example, single homeless people (the focus of Crisis' work) members of Traveller and refugee communities may generate important insights and testimonies in the development process and these experiences may need to be anonymised, translated and sensitively communicated at all times given the potential legal and territorial issues, and multiple exclusions faced by such individuals. Therefore we will refrain from claiming too much 'impact' at this stage of the project until we have considered carefully how to share the burden of representation amongst ourselves.

Publications

10 25 50
 
Title Plastic Mahal (Plastic Palace) 
Description The Palace of Plastic (Plastic Mahal) is a temporary public sculpture and political performance in the mode of a processional ritual that occurs in various sites across the city of Mumbai. The temple is built from the city's waste, which aggregates in the informal recycling centre in Dharavi's 13th Compound. The Palace of Plastic is made in the collective mode of self-construction that is visible throughout the informal settlements of Indian cities. Built with and by those of the worker colonies in a choreography of waste, the temple can be seen as a celebration of the livelihoods of all those working in Mumbai's waste management chain and their handling of the city's plastic and its recycling. At the same time, challenging public perceptions of the politics of human disposability, advocating for the work of informal recyclers as essential and valued labour within wider systems of production. The co-design and co-creation process take place at the Compound 13 Lab, working with young people to explore issues of work, waste, survival and their social and political contexts. These issues are then enacted through the role of ritual and performance as dramatic means of collectively taking action, personal expression, instilling solidarity and creating visible issues that lie beneath plain sight.. 
Type Of Art Artwork 
Year Produced 2020 
Impact Ongoing - this project is being curated and presented throughout 2020, and has been included in the international exhibition/academic network "Project Anywhere'. 
URL http://www.projectanywhere.net/plastic-mahal-palace-of-plastic/
 
Description The grant funded a co-production/development process for a 'closed call' large grant application for a large scale, interdisciplinary study across three waterfront sites, examining the challenges of sustaining community participation and voice in urban regeneration processes. It proposed an experimental approach that involved participatory arts and media methods, including temporary public artworks, design interventions and community media activities linked to historical and ethnographic investigation of the politics, planning and lived experience of each of our sites. Discussions, site visits and project activities yielded rich data - oral, visual, cartographic and historical - which will be used to inform subsequent projects. Methodological papers are being jointly written by the project team which explore the cross-disciplinary approach deployed in the study.
Exploitation Route Once published, our findings may be of use to other researchers, policymakers and community organisations engaged in participatory action research, exploring the community and cultural politics of urban planning processes and the lived experience of highly contested urban zones.
Sectors Communities and Social Services/Policy,Creative Economy,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections

 
Description The 'participatory interventionist' approach employed within the project's proposed methods is informing the curatorial and planning process for two exhibitions and workshops scheduled for 2016/2017: an exhibition in Glasgow about the outcomes of the Govan-Gdansk exchange, exploring artist-led responses to heritage/urban regeneration; and a re-staging of the Cultural Hijack: rethinking intervention exhibition (first mounted at the Architectural Association School in 2013) in Prague in 2017. The approach is also central to work in Dharavi, Mumbai, with ACORN Foundation, where we have established a makerspace/materials lab. This approach has now been further developed through follow-on funding from AHRC involving the delivery of a series of artist residency programmes in Dharavi. A public event is planned in Mumbai in April 2020 (Plastic ka Mela) and we have begun a collaborative project with G5A Foundation in Mumbai exploring urban resourcefulness/resilience in informal settings which draws on principles and approaches originally developed as part of the Challenging Elites project.
First Year Of Impact 2016
Sector Creative Economy,Education,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections
Impact Types Cultural,Societal,Economic

 
Description Creative Scotland: Open Project Funding
Amount £50,000 (GBP)
Funding ID CS-1608-21288 
Organisation Creative Scotland 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2017 
End 12/2019
 
Description GCRF Highlight Notice: Follow-on Funding for Impact and Engagement
Amount £100,000 (GBP)
Funding ID AH/S005897/1 
Organisation Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 02/2019 
End 02/2020
 
Description Royal Society of Edinburgh: Research Networks in Arts and Humanities
Amount £19,900 (GBP)
Organisation Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2014 
End 12/2016
 
Description Urban Infrastructures of Wellbeing 2019: Waste, Water and Wellbeing: lessons from the interface of formal/informal urban systems in Dharavi, Mumbai
Amount £299,948 (GBP)
Funding ID UWB190022 
Organisation The British Academy 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 11/2019 
End 11/2021
 
Description Compound 13 Lab: ACORN Foundation, Mumbai 
Organisation Acorn Foundation
Country New Zealand 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Using methods developed as part of the Challenging Elites project, and linked to an AHRC follow on grant Resources of Hope: giving voice to underprivileged communities in India, we have established an urban lab in Dharavi, Mumbai. Compound 13 Lab, inspired by the makerspace movement utilises materials and resources of the recycling industry as the starting point for teaching and learning about ecological design and living solutions. Through a programme of workshops and residencies by artists, scientists, engineers and designers, the lab will share emerging tools and technologies of the 'circular economy' to those who would not normally have access to them. By equipping the lab in this way, the project proposes to develop a different paradigm of 'smart city' where the technologically advanced city emerges from below rather than being centrally planned and implemented. In particular, members will be able to test and innovate with various technologies, exploring the ways in which plastics can be recycled, remanufactured and remade safely, reliably and creatively.  Through exploring issues of waste management and recycling we want to explore the essential interdependence between the formal/informal, the 'socially included' and 'socially excluded' which are uncovered in representations of the material and imaginary city. 
Collaborator Contribution ACORN provides space, resources and employs local people as facilitators for the Lab. The formal launch of the Lab will be in April 2018.
Impact None yet - project being launched in April 2018.
Start Year 2017
 
Description Royal Society of Edinburgh: Govan - Gdansk research networking exchange: waterfront regeneration in Northern European cities 
Organisation Academy of Fine Arts in Gdansk
Country Poland 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Approaches and methods articulated through the development grant are informing the design and outcomes of the Govan-Gdansk research network.
Collaborator Contribution Our partners are providing comparative data, cross-cultural and comparative policy insights from Poland, as well as offering perspectives on intangible cultural heritage within the context of European debates on culture and regeneration.
Impact Series of multi-disciplinary workshops and seminars in Glasgow and Gdansk exploring participatory approaches to planning and regeneration in de-industrializing, post-industrial and semi-industrial waterfront settings. The exchange involves a team of architects, planners, artists, activists, third sector citizen organisations as well as two museums (the European Solidarity Centre, Gdansk, and Glasgow's Riverside Museum). Three workshops have taken place so far and further conference presentations and a final conference are scheduled for 2016. Publications will follow in 2017/2018. We intend to connect this network to other AHRC Connected Communities projects, including the large grant on Hydrocitizenship, as it develops.
Start Year 2015
 
Description Royal Society of Edinburgh: Govan - Gdansk research networking exchange: waterfront regeneration in Northern European cities 
Organisation Gdansk University of Technology
Country Poland 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Approaches and methods articulated through the development grant are informing the design and outcomes of the Govan-Gdansk research network.
Collaborator Contribution Our partners are providing comparative data, cross-cultural and comparative policy insights from Poland, as well as offering perspectives on intangible cultural heritage within the context of European debates on culture and regeneration.
Impact Series of multi-disciplinary workshops and seminars in Glasgow and Gdansk exploring participatory approaches to planning and regeneration in de-industrializing, post-industrial and semi-industrial waterfront settings. The exchange involves a team of architects, planners, artists, activists, third sector citizen organisations as well as two museums (the European Solidarity Centre, Gdansk, and Glasgow's Riverside Museum). Three workshops have taken place so far and further conference presentations and a final conference are scheduled for 2016. Publications will follow in 2017/2018. We intend to connect this network to other AHRC Connected Communities projects, including the large grant on Hydrocitizenship, as it develops.
Start Year 2015
 
Description Community Sounding Boards 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Following on from community consultation activities undertaken as part of the Challenging Elites bid development process, Dr Roger Green and Nick Triplow conducted two further 'community sounding board' events in Grimsby linked to an ESRC award led by the University of Liverpool. The first was at CPO Media, Freeman Street, Grimsby; and the second at Centre 4, Nunsthorpe Estate, Grimsby. The sessions examined the way in which communities viewed ideas around the concept of Community Wellbeing, its meaning and their experiences of it. It was part of the wider ESRC project: 'Bringing Wellbeing To Communities'. Lead: University of Liverpool's Institute of Psychology, Health and Society. The sessions involved a total of 40 members of local communities.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description Govan-Gdansk exchange: public engagement through artists residencies 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Creative Scotland has awarded funding to our community partner Fablevision to deliver a programme of artists residencies, seminars and learning exchanges as part of the Govan and Gdansk (Poland) Riverside Solidarity Project. Focused on the waterfront heritage of both cities, the year-long project, which is being run in conjunction with the School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, will explore "what's next" for Govan and Gdansk. Can the past inform the planning process? Can our built environment and Govan's intangible heritage - the stories and memories of its people - enhance the shape of things to come?

There will be four residences for award-winning artists, tsBeall, Ben Parry/Lee Ivett, Andy McAvoy and John Mullen, to be delivered in collaboration with their counterparts in Gdansk. In addition, photographer and urban planner, Tom Manley, will work to document the process in images. As part of this programme, Fablevision Studios will involve long-term unemployed local people in making a documentary film to follow the project and explore its conclusions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016,2017
URL https://waterfrontheritagenetwork.wordpress.com
 
Description Voice of Deptford 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact A new cross-sectoral group of Deptford residents has been established in order to campaign, advocate and explore approaches to developing 'community voice' in urban planning processes, drawing on both Pepys Community Forum and the Convoys Wharf Action Group (both community partners for the Challenging Elites development grant).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015,2016
 
Description Workshop: Thinking Differently about Povery, Participation and Policy 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact A joint workshop with the University of the West of Scotland Oxfam Partnership on 'thinking differently about poverty, participation and policy'. Presentation of Challenging Elites approach and screening of film from Remaking Society as part of wider half day workshop on approaches to co-production of social research with communities experiencing high levels of deprivation.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015