'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies'

Lead Research Organisation: Nottingham Trent University
Department Name: Sch of Archit Design and Built Env

Abstract

Buildings and public spaces in seismic-prone heritage areas are in constant risk of damage so their physical preservation implies continuous intervention. Despite the recurrence of earthquakes, responses are usually triggered afterwards, lacking mitigation strategies to diminish risks. Focusing on housing in heritage areas, emergency actions, long delays, poor repairs (if any), uncritical replication, and the impossibility to assess and respond to all affected buildings have characterised governmental reconstruction approaches in recent years in Chile (Devilat 2013)-yet not limited to that country.
After earthquakes, heritage is not often a priority and is usually left in stand-by mode until specific solutions are developed. This may take several years, as occurred with the historic centre of L'Aquila after the 2009 earthquake; the heritage area of Amandola after the 2016 earthquake - both in Italy; or Zuñiga after the 2010 earthquake in Chile. After the 1993 and 2001 earthquakes, some heritage villages in India were completely relocated (Jigyasu 2002). All of this led to a displaced population, a key issue to avoid after a disaster (Boano, Zetter and Morris 2010).
Damaged dwellings cannot be immediately reinforced to continue inhabitation; generating disruption. If buildings are repairable, the costs are high due to the difficulty to work with the existing remains. Large numbers of affected constructions make damage assessment difficult, impacting in slow and sometimes out-of-context responses.
This proposal will tackle these issues by developing a sustainable approach based on 3D laser scanning, named as re-construction (Devilat 2013). She makes the distinction between reconstruction, understood as current strategies of replication 'as before' with re-construction, which she understands as to build again, as a step forward, respectful to the past but adaptable to ever-changing social, cultural and physical contexts.
3D laser scanning or LiDAR is a cutting-edge recording technology that captures the environment in one of the most accurate, fast and comprehensive ways currently possible, resulting in a digital, measurable coloured point-cloud with a precision of millimetres. Once the digital model of reality is obtained, it will offer the basis to achieve the research objectives.
Re-using buildings is a sustainable mode of preservation. In seismic countries, constant maintenance could increase their resistance with smaller funding than of building anew. However, there is a knowledge gap in the tools available for rehabilitation in comparison with those available for new constructions (Pereira-Roders and Brand 2006), and more specifically, when trying to integrate the inhabitants and relevant stakeholders.
This proposal is novel at five levels. First, by using a context of constant change resulting from earthquakes. Second, by focusing on housing instead of monumental heritage, representative of inhabitants' way of living as well as the character of heritage areas, and usually the most affected after earthquakes due to lack of maintenance. Third, by introducing technology to heritage conservation principles and the humanitarian sphere. Fourth, by extending 3D laser scanning as an effective surveying tool for a complete heritage area. Fifth, by establishing a user-led digital platform for conservation.
The research will bring together the expertise on technology and re-construction of heritage areas through its PI Dr Devilat; state-of-the-art 3D laser scanning equipment from the CAUGH-NTU and knowledge on virtual heritage from Prof. Abdelmonem as Co-I; the specific knowledge of heritage in India of Dr Desai from CEPT CRDF; the Indian earthquake's expertise of Dr Jigyasu and platform for international dissemination and impact from his institution ICCROM; the local network and support for community participation of Hunnarshala as Project Partner in India; and the architectural knowledge of Dr Lanuza, Research Fellow.

Publications

10 25 50
 
Title 3D point cloud of Bela, India in June 2021 
Description 3D package of Bela, a heritage village located in the region of Kutch, in the west of India. The 3D data comprises 324 LiDAR scans including the detailed millimetric information of 18 buildings within that village. HOW TO CITE: © 3D for Heritage India NTU. 2021-2022. www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com Authors: Dr Bernadette Devilat and Dr Felipe Lanuza (NTU) using the 3D data obtained on-site by Mrudula Mane and Zeus Pithawalla (CHC CRDF), supported by Dr Jigna Desai from CHC CRDF; Aditya Singh and Tanvi Choudhari from the Hunnarshala Foundation; and Sukrit Sen from ICCROM. 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact The 3D model is being used to study the constructions for the aims of the research and to create visual outcomes and artworks to engage with the community. In addition, this 3D data of the settlements was shared with CEPT students and is being used to study documentation methods of built heritage and design proposals for some cases within the village. 
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/bela/
 
Title Bela Aerial Drone Survey 
Description Drone survey of Bela done in June 2021 as part of the AHRC and DCMS funded project: 'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies'. How to cite: © 3D for Heritage India NTU. June 2021. www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com Author: Zeus Pithawalla (CHC CRDF) based on the data obtained on-site by Rishi Khatri, supported by Astha Desai. 
Type Of Art Image 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact It has helped to communicate the extents of the data obtained and to engage with a wider audience. 
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2021/11/19/exhibition-and-seminar-digital-bela/
 
Title Digital Bela: Architectural Heritage in a new light (in Ahmedabad) 
Description We completed the first phase of our project with an exhibition and a students' workshop and seminar "Digital Bela: Architectural Heritage in a new light" held at Nilpa Lawns, CEPT Research and Development Foundation on the 20th of November 2021. The exhibition was previously held on the 17th and 18th of November at Bela, Kutch, and was recreated at Ahmedabad for CEPT University's students. The exhibition consisted of a large plan of Bela at 1 to 100 scale, showing the 18 buildings that were interiorly scanned. For each one of them, a booklet compiling, plus videos, plans and images of individual buildings based on the 3D scan model of the village and the traditional houses of Kutch obtained in June/July 2021. The exhibition also included drone imagery, social survey information, and jigsaw puzzles especially designed for children to play and engage with their environments. 
Type Of Art Artistic/Creative Exhibition 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact The event contributed to disseminate and discuss our project amongst stakeholders and future conservation professionals whilst sharpening our ideas for its next phase, which was awarded Follow-on funding. 
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2021/11/19/exhibition-and-seminar-digital-bela/
 
Title Digital Bela: Architectural Heritage in a new light (in Bela) 
Description The exhibition consisted of a large plan of Bela at 1 to 100 scale, showing the 18 buildings that were interiorly scanned. For each one of them, a booklet compiling, plus videos, plans and images of individual buildings based on the 3D scan model of the village and the traditional houses of Kutch obtained in June/July 2021. The exhibition also included drone imagery, social survey information, and jigsaw puzzles especially designed for children to play and engage with their environments. 
Type Of Art Artistic/Creative Exhibition 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact By sharing and discussing our work with the people living in the village we are exploring how to better incorporate local insight and knowledge in these surveys for communities' risk preparedness in the face of earthquakes and inviting them further to engage with representations of their village to value their traditional environment. 
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2021/11/17/exhibition-digital-bela-and-community-engagement-activities-...
 
Title Digital Bela: Architectural Heritage in a new light (in Nottingham) 
Description The exhibition consisted of a large plan of Bela at 1 to 100 scale, showing the 18 buildings that were interiorly scanned. For each one of them, a booklet compiling plans and images of individual buildings based on the 3D scan model of the village and the traditional houses of Kutch obtained in June/July 2021. The exhibition also included drone imagery, videos, social survey information, and jigsaw puzzles especially designed for children to play and engage with their environments. 
Type Of Art Artistic/Creative Exhibition 
Year Produced 2022 
Impact It generated interest amongst colleagues and students at NTU, and the general public, attracting attention to the research from media and enhancing its reach. 
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/06/15/exhibition-open-to-the-public-digital-bela-architectural-her...
 
Title Digital Bela: Images and drawings from 3D data 
Description Images and drawings from 3D laser data. HOW TO CITE: © 3D for Heritage India NTU. 2021-2022. www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com Authors: Dr Bernadette Devilat and Dr Felipe Lanuza (NTU) using the 3D data obtained on-site by Mrudula Mane and Zeus Pithawalla (CHC CRDF), supported by Dr Jigna Desai from CHC CRDF; Aditya Singh and Tanvi Choudhari from the Hunnarshala Foundation; and Sukrit Sen from ICCROM. 
Type Of Art Artwork 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact It has helped to communicate the extents of the data obtained and to engage with a wider audience. 
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2021/11/19/exhibition-and-seminar-digital-bela/
 
Title Exploring Bela, Gujarat_3D4Heritage_India 
Description This video explores the 3D laser scanning data obtained in Bela, a historic village located in Gujarat, India in 2021. This is part of the AHRC and DCMS funded project: 'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies'. In this project, we are using advanced recording technologies and social surveys to develop a sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage settlements of Gujarat. Capturing the built environment using 3D-laser-scanning-also known as LiDAR-gives an accurate, fast and comprehensive digital data set, measurable and coloured 3D point-cloud with a precision of millimetres, which has been combined with inhabitant's interviews. This enhanced digital model of the case study, the village of Bela, offers a basis for damage assessments, improving the chances of a rapid and effective response in case of an earthquake, as well as offering a technical platform for risk mitigation measures and community engagement, aiming to increase resilience. The methodology is scalable and applicable to other identified heritage settlements in Gujarat, India. HOW TO CITE: © 3D for Heritage India NTU. 2021-2022. www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com Author: Dr Bernadette Devilat (NTU) using the 3D data processed by Dr Felipe Lanuza and obtained on-site by Mrudula Mane and Zeus Pithawalla (CHC CRDF), supported by Dr Jigna Desai from CHC CRDF; Aditya Singh and Tanvi Choudhari from the Hunnarshala Foundation; and Sukrit Sen from ICCROM. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact It has helped to communicate the extents of the data obtained and to engage with a wider audience. 
URL https://vimeo.com/644834342?embedded=true&source=video_title&owner=143627056
 
Title Inside the buildings at Bela, India 
Description This video explores the interior spaces of buildings at Bela, obtained using 3D laser scanning data in 2021. This historical village is located in the seismic region of Gujarat, India. This video is part of the AHRC and DCMS funded project: 'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies'. In this project, we used advanced recording technologies and social surveys to develop a sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage settlements of Gujarat. Capturing the built environment using 3D-laser-scanning-also known as LiDAR-gives an accurate, fast and comprehensive digital data set, measurable and coloured 3D point-cloud with a precision of millimetres, which has been combined with inhabitant's interviews. This enhanced digital model of Bela, offers a basis for damage assessments, improving the chances of a rapid and effective response in case of an earthquake, as well as offering a technical platform for risk mitigation measures and community engagement, aiming to increase resilience. The methodology is scalable and applicable to other identified heritage settlements in Gujarat, India. The video was done by Dr Bernadette Devilat, using the post-processed by Dr Felipe Lanuza from the Centre for Architecture, Urbanism and Global Heritage at Nottingham Trent University. It uses the 3D data captured on-site by Mrudula Mane and Zeus Pithawalla, from the Center for Heritage Conservation (CHC), CEPT Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) in Ahmedabad, supported by Dr Jigna Desai (CHC CRDF), Aditya Singh (Hunnarshala Foundation) and Sukrit Sen (ICCROM). 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2022 
Impact It has attracted attention to the research and provided an effective way of engaging with the inhabitants and the general public. 
URL https://vimeo.com/737568146?embedded=true&source=video_title&owner=143627056
 
Title Photographs of Bela and other settlements in Kutch, India 
Description Photographic set containing: 1) Reconnaissance field trip in February 2021 (18 villages in Kutch, Gujarat); 2) Bela village, with subfolders by date: 2.1. February 2021; 2.2. Field trip in June 2021; 2.3. field trip in November 2021; 2.4. Last visit to be done in April 2021. HOW TO CITE: 1. Photographs of selected Gujarat villages: © 3D for Heritage India NTU. February 2021 www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com Authors: Dr Jigna Desai and Mrudula Mane (CHC CRDF); Aditya Singh (Hunnarshala Foundation). 2.3. Bela photographs: © 3D for Heritage India NTU. 2021-2022. www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com Authors: Dr Jigna Desai, Mrudula Mane, Zeus Pithawalla (CHC CRDF); Aditya Singh (Hunnarshala Foundation); Dr Bernadette Devilat (NTU); or Sukrit Sen (ICCROM). 
Type Of Art Image 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact It has helped to communicate the extents of the data obtained and to engage with a wider audience. 
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2021/02/11/reconnaissance-trip-done/
 
Description We combined 3D laser scanning, drone capture, photography and social surveys (interviews) to develop a sustainable re-construction methodology for seismic-prone heritage settlements of Kutch (Gujarat, India). It could improve the chances of a rapid and effective response in case of an earthquake, enhance the possibilities of reusing existing structures, and increase preparedness and resilience in local communities, by defining four strategic guidelines:

1 Immediate post-earthquake action: data obtained to inform damage assessment and planning at two different scales (village - individual buildings)
2 Mid and long-term study: evaluation of previous earthquake responses, risk assessment and mitigation (preparedness)
3 Community engagement and participation: critical for local validation, support and knowledge incorporation. Communities' heritage valuation and conservation: bottom-up perspective to empower a local agency.
4 Applicability via institutional partnerships: overarching structure linking Academia, local NGOs and Governmental Institutions to support the methodology implementation with specific technical skills and local capacity-building.

These guidelines are explained and contextualised in existing policies of Gujarat in a Policy Brief, published in English, Hindi and Gujarati, aiming to understand possible avenues of implementation beyond the scope and funding of the project.

The team featured the three key actors relevant in post-earthquake situations, as proposed within the developed methodology: 1) Government (GIDM) in charge of policies, coordination, funding and implementation; 2) NGO (Hunnarshala Foundation) in charge of local community links, retrofit and rebuilding; 3) Academia (NTU & CHC CRDF) in charge of technical aspects, documentation, damage evaluation, planning and research; 4) Global institutions (ICCROM) contribute with a wider perspective and dissemination based on knowledge of similar cases worldwide. Academia can help with the technical aspect of 3D surveying and NGOs with building and local implementation. At the same time, governments can coordinate the introduction of technology in their methods and procedures, contributing towards the affordability of the technique, which can be expensive otherwise.

There are important technical aspects of the use of 3D laser scanning that can be a barrier to the use of that technology, which is why we developed a guidance document on its use for post-earthquake documentation and damage assessment. In this technical aspect, there were two knowledge gaps identified initially and covered in this research. The first knowledge gap corresponds to the methods to mitigate damage and repair affected buildings in seismic areas. In this context, advanced recording technologies applied offered a range of possibilities for conservation. The second knowledge gap was addressing the larger scale of a heritage village with the same level of accuracy and detail as a single building. This is relevant because whilst less accurate data can inform the level of damage and general guidelines and planning, measurable and precise information is required to develop specific structural assessments and interventions to conserve those buildings. This knowledge gap has been addressed within this research project using Bela as a case study.

The final and most critical problem identified is the relationship between government institutions, local authorities and communities in developing preparedness strategies for future earthquakes. While their mandates recognise the need to develop disaster risk management plans and strategies, these are non-existent in reality. The fact that they are recognised in their mandates opens the door for a methodological framework to be implemented and an opportunity for addressing this key development challenge, for which Follow-on funding was obtained.
Exploitation Route The methodology is scalable and applicable to other identified heritage settlements of Kutch, in Gujarat, India. In order to advance on that process, the Gujarat Institute of Disaster Management (GIDM) joined as a project partner for the second phase of this project, helping identify governmental policies and funding that could help to ground and further the results from this project in India beyond the timeline of the project. Two key documents were published: First, a practical guide covering the technical aspects of the 3D data documentation and use in post-earthquake context. Second, a Policy Brief, indicating how the framework proposed could enhance existing policies and offering recommendations for improvement, led by GIDM. These two documents were published in English, Hindi and Gujarati, to ensure local reach.
Sectors Communities and Social Services/Policy,Construction,Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software),Education,Environment,Leisure Activities, including Sports, Recreation and Tourism,Government, Democracy and Justice,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections

URL https://3d4heritageindia.wordpress.com/
 
Description The findings informed a Follow-on project that aims to actively engage with authorities and local stakeholders by exploring ways to implement the framework proposed within current public policies, mandates and budgets. In this way, increasing the impact of the research outcomes and testing the project's wider applicability, leading to its regional application beyond the ending date of this project. Including the Gujarat Institute of Disaster Management (GIDM) in the previous Follow-on (phase 2) was extremely useful to start working in that direction. We propose to continue this partnership, continuing the liaison with the Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority (GSDMA) and the local councils, or panchayats.
First Year Of Impact 2022
Sector Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections
Impact Types Cultural,Societal,Policy & public services

 
Description Supporting the development of architectural designs based on the 3D laser scanning data of Bela, our case study
Geographic Reach Local/Municipal/Regional 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/02/23/online-workshop/
 
Description Workshops in the use of 3D laser scanning for documenting heritage buildings
Geographic Reach Local/Municipal/Regional 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact The workshops were well received, and the interest of staff and students in this documenting technology has driven them to obtain grants for obtaining the equipment and carry on their own training modules, disseminating and enhancing capacities regularly. More importantly, as our research team in India was also trained during these workshops, they were able to obtain the data capture required on-site. Due to COVID-19 travel restrictions, the first field trips of this project could not include the presence of the NTU team. The fact that the local team was able to carry out the challenging scanning process of a large area of the heritage settlement of Bela only with remote support from the UK is also a good indicator that the training was successful at installing local capacities.
URL https://ntu3dscanlibrary.wordpress.com/
 
Description Workshops on policy impact with local authorities at CEPT University, India.
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/04/05/workshops-at-cept-university/
 
Description 'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies- Phase 2'. AHRC/DCMS joint call: Culture Heritage & Climate Change. PI: B. Devilat; Co-Is: G. Abdelmonem; J. Desai & R. Jigyasu.
Amount £90,000 (GBP)
Funding ID AH/V00638X/1 (given as an extension of the previous project after an application for the cohort of funded projects). 
Organisation Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2021 
End 07/2022
 
Description 'Surveying heritage buildings in Ahmedabad, India: empowering local action and skills for heritage conservation'. Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) NTU. PI: Dr B. Devilat; Co-Is: Prof. Gamal Abdelmonem & Dr Jigna Desai; RA: M. Mane
Amount £17,000 (GBP)
Organisation Nottingham Trent University 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 11/2020 
End 07/2021
 
Description Applicability and scalability of a sustainable re-construction framework for seismic-prone heritage areas of Gujarat, India.
Amount £86,467 (GBP)
Funding ID AH/X006832/1 
Organisation Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 11/2022 
End 10/2023
 
Description Sustainable approaches for the conservation of built heritage at risk based on advanced recording technologies
Amount £10,000 (GBP)
Organisation Nottingham Trent University 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 08/2022 
End 05/2023
 
Title 3D for Heritage India NTU DATASET 
Description This material belongs to the project: 'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies' (3D4 Heritage_India). It was carried out from November 2020 to July 2022. It was funded by the UKRI Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) and the Department for Digital Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS). Project Reference: AH/V00638X/1. The project website is available at: www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com. This data set consists of the documentation of villages with historical value in seismic areas of Gujarat, India using photographs, aerial drones, and terrestrial 3D laser scanning. The main case study is the village of Bela, located in the region of Kutch, Gujarat. The material is a large set of 3D data, interviews, and photographs of Bela and photographs of other similar villages across Kutch. The 3D data comprises 324 scans including the detailed millimetric data of 18 buildings within that village. The data is separated as this: 1) Selected Gujarat villages (photographs); 2) Bela (3D data, internal photographs, interviews and artistic and creative products rendered from that 3D data). Raw files from 3D laser scanning will be included only as part of the Bela dataset. The individual 18 subfolders will include additional (and smaller) 3D file types, plus some specific information, i.e., high-resolution visual images, interior photographs and videos. Further information about the data set, how it is structured is available in the 3DHeritageIndia_DataCatalogue. File structure: 1. Gujarat villages photographs: 1.1. Reha Nana 1.2. Zarapara 1.3. Nani Khakhar 1.4. Ramania 1.5. Nani Tumbdi 1.6. Pundi 1.7. Kotdi Mahadevpuri 1.8. Moti Khakhar 1.9. Depa 1.10. Vrajvani 1.11. Nani Reha 1.12. Nani Tumbadi 1.13. Bhojay 1.14. Mota Reha 1.15. Kotdi Mahadevpuri 1.16. Roha 1.17. Tera 1.18. Jadva 2. Bela: 2.1. 3D (June 2021) 2.1.1. Originals (Raw 3D data) 2.1.2. PODs files (processed scans) 2.1.3. Scene 3D package (3D point cloud package) 2.1.4. Artistic and creative products of the whole village (videos and images) 2.2. Aerial drone documentation (complete set) (June 2021) 2.3. Photographs 2.3.1. Reconnaissance field trip in February 2021 2.3.2. 3D scanning fieldtrip June 2021 2.3.3. Exhibition fieldtrip November 2021 2.3.4. Last visit April 2022 2.4. Buildings (interior photos, cropped 3D models, artistic and creative products: images and technical drawings from the 3D data) 2.4.1. Building 1 2.4.2. Building 2 2.4.3. Building 3 2.4.4. Building 4 2.4.5. Building 5 2.4.6. Building 6 2.4.7. Building 7 2.4.8. Building 8 2.4.9. Building 9 2.4.10. Building 10 2.4.11. Building 11 2.4.12. Building 12 2.4.13. Building 13 2.4.14. Building 14 2.4.15. Building 15 2.4.16. Building 16 2.4.17. Building 17 2.4.18. Building 18 2.5. Interviews HOW TO CITE THIS MATERIAL: © 3D for Heritage India NTU. 2021-2022. www.3D4heritageindia.wordpress.com Authors: Dr Bernadette Devilat and Dr Felipe Lanuza (NTU); Dr Jigna Desai, Mrudula Mane, Zeus Pithawalla, Rishi Khatri and Astha Desai (CHC CRDF); Aditya Singh and Tanvi Choudhari (Hunnarshala Foundation); Sukrit Sen (ICCROM). Each sub-folder contains the author(s) of that specific material. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact All the material is currently under an embargo until the project finishes. 
URL https://doi.org/10.17631/RD-2022-0002-DCAT
 
Description Collaboration between the Centre for Architecture, Urbanism and Global Heritage at Nottingham Trent University and ICCROM, with Dr Rohit Jigyasu as Co-I in the Research Team 
Organisation International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property
Country Italy 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution The NTU and ICCROM research teams are working on the development of a practical guide document on 3D laser scanning for post-earthquake recovery, as a handbook to disseminate the technical aspects of the methodology proposed and applied in the research for the case study of Bela, in India.
Collaborator Contribution Dr Rohit Jigyasu, Project Manager at the Urban Heritage, Climate Change & Disaster Risk Management Programme Unit at ICCROM, is participating in the research project as an international Co-Investigator. Dr Jigyasu is an expert in disaster risk management and cultural heritage conservation from India. He is providing the background knowledge due to his expertise in post-earthquake reconstruction after the 1993 earthquake in Marathwada and the 2001 earthquake in Gujarat. Currently, he is leading the development of a guide on 3D laser scanning for post-earthquake recovery, alongside Sukrit Sen, Research Associate at ICCROM. ICCROM's team has participated in several management meetings, contributed to an academic publication, and given presentations at the following engagement activities: Launch seminar (December 2020), Guide Document Workshop (August 2021) and CEPT Seminar (November 2021).
Impact OUTCOMES RECORDED: 1) Publication: DOI: 10.2495/STR210161; 2) Presentation at the: Launch event. 11th of December 2020. 3) website: www.3d4heritageindia.com. 4) Guidance Document Workshop on the 19th and 20th of August 2021. 5) Presentation by Rohit Jigyasu at the: Seminar: "Digital Bela: Architectural Heritage in a new light" at CHC CEPT Research and Development Foundation. 20th of November 2021. 6) Presentation at the Seminar by Bernadette Devilat: 'Advanced recording technologies for a sustainable re-construction methodology of heritage settlements affected by earthquakes' at the International Seminar: 'Applying Digital Documentation For Sustainable Heritage Conservation And Management', organized by ICCROM. Thursday, 20th October 2022. Available here: https://www.iccrom.org/video/applying-digital-documentation-sustainable-heritage-preservation-and-management 7) A practical guide on 3D laser scanning for post-earthquake recovery, which will be a platform for global dissemination and a practical tool for governments, local authorities, NGOs, and relevant stakeholders to guide them in their efforts toward a sustainable recovery of their heritage areas affected by earthquakes: ICCROM, NTU & CHC CRDF. 3D Laser Scanning documentation for informing the post-earthquake recovery of heritage settlements: a practical guide. Edited by: R. Jigyasu, S. Sen, B. Devilat & F. Lanuza. Nottingham, UK. Online. DOI: [10.17631/rd-2022-0005-dprac] 8) Joint Journal article: 'Devilat, B., Lanuza, F., Abdelmonem, G., Desai, J., Mane, M., Singh, A., Jigyasu, R. In: Introducing a technology-based methodology for earthquake preparedness and conservation of buildings in historical settlements of Gujarat, India, In: International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction (submitted, in revision). Open access agreement with NTU. 9) Presentation by Rohit Jigyasu at the International Seminar and Exhibition: "Digital Bela: Architectural Heritage in a new light", in June 2022 at NTU.
Start Year 2020
 
Description 3D for Heritage India featured on the World Architecture News website. 11th March 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact 3D for Heritage India featured on the World Architecture News website: 'Academics pioneer new methods protecting India's architectural heritage'
Researchers at Nottingham Trent University's Centre for Architecture, Urbanism and Global Heritage have used light detection and ranging to scan heritage buildings in Gujarat to support repair and reconstruction
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/article/1704965/academics-pioneer-new-methods-protecting-india...
 
Description Community engagement activities at Bela on the 17th and 18th of November 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact Through the exhibition and community engagement activities "Digital Bela: architectural heritage in a new light" we presented our work to the local community of Bela. The events took place in Bela on the 17th and 18th of November 2021. The exhibition consisted of a large plan of Bela at 1 to 100 scale, showing the 18 buildings that were interiorly scanned. For each one of them, a booklet compiling, plus videos, plans and images of individual buildings based on the 3D scan model of the village and the traditional houses of Kutch obtained in June/July 2021. The exhibition also included drone imagery, social survey information, and jigsaw puzzles especially designed for children to play and engage with their environments. A special event was also held for women on the 18th of November, to increase their participation, since some of them were not able to attend on the first day due to social restrictions.

By sharing and discussing our work with the people living in the village we are exploring how to better incorporate local insight and knowledge in these surveys for communities' risk preparedness in the face of earthquakes and inviting them further to engage with representations of their village to value their traditional environment.

The exhibition is detailed under Artistic and Creative products.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2021/11/17/exhibition-digital-bela-and-community-engagement-activities-...
 
Description Documentary about my research in 'Pasaporte Ciencia' TV programme. Canal 13 cable. Santiago, Chile. Zeta Producciones. To be aired in May 2023. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Documentary about my research in 'Pasaporte Ciencia' TV programme. Canal 13, Chile. Zeta Producciones. To be aired in Chilean open television in May 2023. This is a series of 8 episodes featuring 16 Chilean researchers doing science all over the world. My episode will be aired in May 2023, featuring my previous PhD research in Chile and my current research at NTU in India.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022,2023
 
Description Exhibition Launch & Seminar at NTU 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact On the 14th of June, we launched the exhibition: Digital Bela, architectural heritage under a new light, which explored the 3D laser scanning representation of this village, located in Kutch, India. It offers an overall image of the historical area of Bela, displaying the visual outcomes of its 3D digital version from an architectural point of view. This detailed record is complemented with photographs, videos, aerial drone imagery, social surveys and interviews with local people to develop a specific methodology that informs the recovery of built heritage affected by earthquakes, which is the aim of the research project: 'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies'. The exhibition remained on display until the 30th of June 2022. Open to the public Monday to Friday from 7.30 am to 9 pm. The exhibition launch was followed by a guided tour and an international seminar, where the core research team presented the process and the results of this study.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/06/01/exhibition-seminar-digital-bela-architectural-heritage-under...
 
Description Exhibition Press Coverage 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact NTU published a blog about the research project and exhibition in Nottingham.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.ntu.ac.uk/about-us/news/news-articles/2022/06/expert-blog-architectural-heritage-under-a...
 
Description GUEST PANEL MEMBER at International Seminar 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact This panel: "Cultural Heritage, Climate Change and Disasters: Relevance, Challenges and Future Actions" was held on the 30th November, 2022 to launch the report with the same title in which the projects funded by the AHRC/DCMS cohort were included with an Issue Brief.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lbi5X40rE5g
 
Description Guest speaker at International Seminar 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact GUEST SPEAKER: 'Advanced recording technologies for a sustainable re-construction methodology of heritage settlements affected by earthquakes' at the International Seminar: 'Applying Digital Documentation For Sustainable Heritage Conservation And Management', organized by ICCROM. Thursday, 20th October 2022.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.iccrom.org/video/applying-digital-documentation-sustainable-heritage-preservation-and-ma...
 
Description Guidance Document Workshop on the 19th and 20th of August 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact One of the key aspects of our research initiative 'A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas of India based on advanced recording technologies' is the preparation of the Guidance Document. The document aims to provide strategies and procedures for post-disaster survey and assessment using 3D laser scanning technologies that can be applied to seismic heritage settlements, tested in the case of Bela, Gujarat.

We successfully completed our two-day guidance workshop on post-disaster recovery using 3D laser documentation methods. Experts from various fields were invited to share their vision from the perspective of the future audience. Interactions amongst the project team and the experts lead to reflections on the potential of the technological advances, the methodologies of community engagements, ethical commitments of data collection, storage, and accessibility. Their diverse viewpoints will strengthen the Guidance Document and make it more comprehensive and relevant for the users.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2021/08/24/guidance-document-workshop/
 
Description Launch event. 11th of December 2020 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The seminar introduced the project's aims and scope, with presentations of the research team's previous experience and contribution to the project, with a round table and a Q&A session at the end.

Programme:

Part 0: Introduction by the chair, Dr Felipe Lanuza
Part 1: "A sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage areas based on advanced recording technologies: precedents and challenges". - Dr Bernadette Devilat (CAUGH, NTU)
Part 2: "Making a case for Humanitarian Heritage: Working in partnership with vulnerable communities on preserving everyday life heritage, memory and viability". - Prof Mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem, (Director CAUGH, NTU)
Part 3: "Centre for Heritage Conservation, A Praxis Based Approach" - Dr Jigna Desai (Center for Heritage Conservation, CEPT Research & Development Foundation)
Part 4: "Patterns of Adaptation and Change in Post Disaster Reconstructed Settlements: Lessons from Marathwada" - Dr Rohit Jigyasu (ICCROM)
Part 5: "Social Capital and Built Habitat" - Aditya Singh (Hunnarshala Foundation) and Q&A from the public
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2020/11/24/launch-seminar/
 
Description NTU Press release. 4th of December 2020 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact NTU Press release about the project when beginning: 'Academics to pioneer new methods to protect architectural heritage in India'
Researchers at Nottingham Trent University (NTU) will apply new laser-scanning techniques to help protect architectural heritage sites in India that are prone to earthquakes.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.ntu.ac.uk/about-us/news/news-articles/2020/12/academics-to-pioneer-new-methods-to-protec...
 
Description Online Workshop on Documentation. 22nd of February 2022 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact On the 22nd of February 2022, the Center for Heritage Conservation CEPT Research and Development Foundation (CHC CRDF) hosted a student workshop related to our project on the topic of Documentation. The research team interacted with the Master's students and studio tutors, exploring the 3D documentation of Bela in the Architectural Conservation Studio. Collectively we deliberated upon the advantages and challenges of using digital tools in knowledge preservation and production.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/03/07/online-workshop-on-documentation/
 
Description Online Workshop on Policy. 21st of February 2022 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact On the 21st of February 2022, the Center for Heritage Conservation CEPT Research and Development Foundation (CHC CRDF) hosted a workshop related to our project on the topic of Policy. The event contributed to the development of one of our outcomes, a Policy Brief, aimed at authorities and relevant stakeholders in Gujarat in an effort to disseminate some research results and find future possible avenues for implementation.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/02/23/online-workshop/
 
Description Paper presentation at ADBE Conference NTU 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact PAPER: A sustainable re-construction methodology for seismic-prone heritage settlements of Gujarat, India, based on advanced recording technologies: a pilot study for Bela, Presented at the School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment Research Conference. 7th July 2022. NTU, Nottingham, UK. Co-authors: Dr Felipe Lanuza, Dr Jigna Desai, Prof M. Gamal Abdelmonen, Dr Rohit Jigyasu, Aditya Singh and Mrudula Mane.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Paper presentation at STREMAH 2021 International Conference. 28th of May 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Presentation of paper: Towards a sustainable re-construction method for seismic-prone heritage settlements of Gujarat, India based on advanced recording technologies. Presented at STREMAH 2021, 17th International Conference on Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture. 26th-28th May 2021. Online. Wessex Institute. Co-authors: Dr Jigna Desai, Dr Rohit Jigyasu, Prof M. Gamal Abdelmonen, Dr Felipe Lanuza and Mrudula Mane (double blind peer-reviewed and OA published).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.wessex.ac.uk/conferences/2021/stremah-2021
 
Description Presentation of paper at RISE-IMET 2021. International Conference on Emerging Technologies and the Digital Transformation of Museums and Heritage Sites. 4th of June 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact PAPER: Pioneering advanced recording technologies for post-earthquake-damage assessment and re-construction in Chilean heritage areas. Presented at RISE-IMET 2021. International Conference on Emerging Technologies and the Digital Transformation of Museums and Heritage Sites. CYENS Centre of Excellence, Nicosia. 2nd-4th June 2021. Online. This paper was triple blind peer-reviewed and published as a book chapter. It was written by the PI of the project, Dr Bernadette Devilat to bring past insights from previous research experience of post-earthquake strategies for Chilean heritage areas, aiming to exploit new uses of technology to enhance the number and quality of buildings conserved, mitigate future risks to buildings and human lives, and further impact public policies in the India project.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://cyprusconferences.org/riseimet2021/call-for-papers/#:~:text=The%20RISE%20IMET%20Internationa...
 
Description RIBA Journal coverage. 8th of January 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The Royal Institute of British Architects has acknowledged our project in the RIBA Journal with a specific note about it: 'Affordable laser-scanning aims to save Gujarat heritage sites'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.ribaj.com/products/laser-scanning-technique-being-developed-to-protect-architectural-her...
 
Description Selected to participate in NTU Marketing campaign: 'Re-searchers Re-vealed' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact After an application process internal to Nottingham Trent University, I was selected as the research representative for the School of Architecture, Design and the Built Environment for the Re:searchers Re:vealed Campaing, aiming to disseminate to the general public current research at NTU addressing global challenges.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022,2023
URL https://www.ntu.ac.uk/research/researchers-revealed/bernadette-devilat
 
Description Seminar: "Digital Bela: Architectural Heritage in a new light" at CHC CEPT Research and Development Foundation. 20th of November 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact We completed the first phase of our project with an exhibition and a students' workshop and seminar "Digital Bela: Architectural Heritage in a new light" held at Nilpa Lawns, CEPT Research and Development Foundation on the 20th of November 2021. The event contributed to disseminating and discussing our project amongst stakeholders and future conservation professionals whilst sharpening our ideas for its next phase, which we will develop thanks to funding recently awarded.

The exhibition was previously held on the 17th and 18th of November at Bela, Kutch, and was recreated at Ahmedabad for CEPT University's students. The workshop and seminar focused on 3D data processing, the role of technology for disaster risk preparedness, the importance of local knowledge and learning from the local community by working in partnership and building a relationship with them. These aspects were respectively discussed by Dr Bernadette Devilat (Nottingham Trent University), Dr Rohit Jigyasu (ICCROM), Prof Mohamed Gamal Abdelmonem (Nottingham Trent University), Dr Jigna Desai (CHC), and Aditya Singh and Tanvi Chaudhari (Hunnarshala Foundation).

The seminar was moderated by Dr Gauri Bharat (CEPT University). In her concluding remarks, she highlighted the significance of sustainable forms of actions for knowledge production while emphasising how such actions and engagement prepare the community to hold on to their traditional environment, contributing to a broader understanding of cultural heritage conservation.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2021/11/19/exhibition-and-seminar-digital-bela/
 
Description Website translation to Gujarati 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact Translation of the project's website to Gujarati, as a measure to help local reach, especially to the younger generation who followed this project since the beginning via social media.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/
 
Description Workshops at CEPT University: Feedback from peers 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact On the 4th and 5th of April 2022, we held three workshops as part of this research project focused on the aspects of knowledge exchange and dissemination, reflections on its upcoming outcomes with Government authorities, and the future possibilities of the data collected. This third workshop consisted of a discussion with colleagues at the Faculty of Architecture and the Faculty of Technology of CEPT University, who gave relevant feedback for the project's future work, following a summary presentation of the project by Dr Bernadette Devilat and a presentation about its outcomes by Dr Felipe Lanuza.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/04/05/workshops-at-cept-university/
 
Description Workshops at CEPT University: Policy Impact 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact On the 4th and 5th of April 2022, we held three workshops as part of this research project focused on the aspects of knowledge exchange and dissemination, reflections on its upcoming outcomes with Government authorities, and the future possibilities of the data collected. This second workshop on policy impact aimed to explore possible avenues for implementing certain aspects of the project in real cases using existing funding and policies in Gujarat. Each institution part of this project presented a short brief on its contributions, followed by a discussion. The discussion informed the development of a Policy Brief containing a set of recommendations for institutional arrangements, funding schemes, and overall strategies aimed at governmental and heritage institutions, authorities, and stakeholders in Gujarat. This Policy Brief was published in English, Gujarati and Hindi.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/04/05/workshops-at-cept-university/
 
Description Workshops at CEPT University: Students interaction 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact On the 4th and 5th of April 2022, we held three workshops as part of this research project focused on the aspects of knowledge exchange and dissemination, reflections on its upcoming outcomes with Government authorities, and the future possibilities of the data collected. This first workshop was an interaction with the students and studio tutors from the Architectural Conservation Studio of the Masters in Conservation and Regeneration Program at CEPT University. They used the 3D data obtained in Bela to develop conservation and design proposals for houses, the marketplace, and the village's fortification.

During the workshop, the students presented their in-progress work, which was commented on by their studio tutors Khushi Shah, Jayashree Bardhan, and (TA) Deepthi Varghese (from MCR FA CEPT) and members of the project's research team. The discussions revolved around using, interpreting, and representing the 3D data and the drawings for case-specific design interventions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://3d4heritageindia.com/2022/04/05/workshops-at-cept-university/
 
Description website: www.3d4heritageindia.com 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Disseminating research results via this project dedicated website, publishing outcomes online, graphic and visual data, videos and
blog posts of the field works, activities and workshops for a wider audience. When the funds for paying for the website are over, it will still be permanently accessible at www.3d4heritageindia.wordpress.com
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020,2021,2022,2023
URL http://www.3d4heritageindia.wordpress.com