A new drug discovery pipeline for animal African trypanosomiasis
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Glasgow
Department Name: College of Medical, Veterinary &Life Sci
Abstract
A disproportionate burden of the world's infectious diseases (both human and veterinary) fall upon the African continent. Among the most devastating of the infectious agents of animals are the trypanosomes that cause Animal African Trypanosomosis (AAT). Transmitted primarily by tsetse and other biting flies, the disease is present in 40 African countries and affects nearly all domestic animals. The overall economic losses attributable to AAT are estimated at $4.75 billion per annum. These are losses borne principally by those who can least afford them: small-scale subsistence farmers and rural communities in AAT-affected areas of large parts of sub-Saharan Africa who rely on livestock for their livelihoods. Current AAT control tools rely extensively on trypanocidal drugs for the treatment of infected animals and for prophylaxis of infection. The drugs are widely available but were developed over 50 years ago and have significant limitations in terms of safety and increasingly lack efficacy against emergent drug-resistant trypanosomes.
Over ten million km2 of Africa are infested by tsetse flies and thus affected by AAT; this represents a substantial portion of Africa's fertile and watered land. Within this area, millions of small-scale livestock keepers rely on an estimated 55 million cattle and 70 million sheep and goats for their livelihoods and food security. These regions are under sustained and increasing pressure to produce more food for growing populations, increasing per capita consumption of meat and dairy products, climate change and desertification all combine to require increased agricultural output within the potentially productive areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Losses arising from AAT are both direct (e.g. estimated annual death of 3 million cattle) and indirect as a result of productivity losses (e.g. benefits of up to $7,000 per km2 from removing AAT). The net effect is a significant constraint on growth and development of the dairy and beef sectors, as well as sheep and goat rearing in the regions affected. Trypanocidal drugs are the mainstay in the control of AAT because of the absence of realistic prospects for vaccines. Vector control has had limited success and showed poor sustainability, the more so in areas where non-tsetse fly transmission is important (e.g. parts of Africa, but particularly in the Far East and South America too).
The Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicine (GALVmed) was founded to help channel global efforts into amelioration of the burden placed upon the world's food security brought about by various infectious diseases. With substantial funding from the UK Department for International Development and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, GALVmed has become the primary agency involved in efforts to bring new drugs forward to treat AAT.
In this proposal, experts at the Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde, and the Roslin Institute of the University of Edinburgh, are coming together to develop a new class of compounds that has been shown to have profound efficacy against the causative agents of AAT, both in vitro and in rodent models of the disease. Chemical structures of those compounds optimised for trypanocidal activity in cattle will be developed with the intention of taking them into clinical development. We will additionally develop new culture systems for the relevant parasite species - a crucial step for rapid and routine screening of our candidate drugs but also large sets of unrelated compounds (chemical libraries), with minimal need for tests in animals. We will also use state of the art biological and computational methods to learn about the internal functioning of the causative parasites, in order to understand how this new class of compound works. This part of the project will also provide key information to allow other classes of compounds to be brought forward, giving an important input to a long-term pipeline of new drugs to treat AAT.
Over ten million km2 of Africa are infested by tsetse flies and thus affected by AAT; this represents a substantial portion of Africa's fertile and watered land. Within this area, millions of small-scale livestock keepers rely on an estimated 55 million cattle and 70 million sheep and goats for their livelihoods and food security. These regions are under sustained and increasing pressure to produce more food for growing populations, increasing per capita consumption of meat and dairy products, climate change and desertification all combine to require increased agricultural output within the potentially productive areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Losses arising from AAT are both direct (e.g. estimated annual death of 3 million cattle) and indirect as a result of productivity losses (e.g. benefits of up to $7,000 per km2 from removing AAT). The net effect is a significant constraint on growth and development of the dairy and beef sectors, as well as sheep and goat rearing in the regions affected. Trypanocidal drugs are the mainstay in the control of AAT because of the absence of realistic prospects for vaccines. Vector control has had limited success and showed poor sustainability, the more so in areas where non-tsetse fly transmission is important (e.g. parts of Africa, but particularly in the Far East and South America too).
The Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicine (GALVmed) was founded to help channel global efforts into amelioration of the burden placed upon the world's food security brought about by various infectious diseases. With substantial funding from the UK Department for International Development and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, GALVmed has become the primary agency involved in efforts to bring new drugs forward to treat AAT.
In this proposal, experts at the Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde, and the Roslin Institute of the University of Edinburgh, are coming together to develop a new class of compounds that has been shown to have profound efficacy against the causative agents of AAT, both in vitro and in rodent models of the disease. Chemical structures of those compounds optimised for trypanocidal activity in cattle will be developed with the intention of taking them into clinical development. We will additionally develop new culture systems for the relevant parasite species - a crucial step for rapid and routine screening of our candidate drugs but also large sets of unrelated compounds (chemical libraries), with minimal need for tests in animals. We will also use state of the art biological and computational methods to learn about the internal functioning of the causative parasites, in order to understand how this new class of compound works. This part of the project will also provide key information to allow other classes of compounds to be brought forward, giving an important input to a long-term pipeline of new drugs to treat AAT.
Technical Summary
In this project a consortium of researchers will join the Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicines (GALVmed) to advance novel paradigms in the intervention against Animal African trypanosomosis (AAT), a disease responsible for millions of livestock deaths in Africa each year. Chemotherapy remains the most important means of intervention against the causative Trypanosoma parasites but increasing resistance to the principal drugs used to treat the disease (diminazene and isometamidium) is jeopardising control efforts.
Recently we have shown that a novel compound series of minor groove binders (MGBs) based on the clinically used anti-cancer drug distamycin, has profound activity against the veterinary trypanosomes T. vivax and T. congolense, both in vitro and in in vivo rodent models. One member of this series (MGB-BP3) is poised to enter clinical development against Clostridium difficile infection, having passed pre-clinical efficacy and safety trials with MGB-Biopharma. We will seek to design optimised anti-trypanosomal derivatives around the parent scaffold, with an ultimate aim of designing an optimised compound suitable for clinical development with GALVmed. To support the work, biological investigations into the trypanocidal actions of these molecules will proceed along with crucial work to assess the likelihood of resistance arising to this class, and the potential for cross-resistance to current treatments including the diamidine class of drugs (which also bind to the minor groove of DNA) and isometamidium. In parallel to the focus on this exciting new series of compounds, we will also use metabolomics to design much-needed new culture media to facilitate screening of other chemotypes, and systems biology approaches (comparative genomics, transcriptomics; pathway and metabolic modelling) to demarcate the full repertoire of metabolic targets - crucial to enable efficient drug discovery and target validation in veterinary trypanosomes.
Recently we have shown that a novel compound series of minor groove binders (MGBs) based on the clinically used anti-cancer drug distamycin, has profound activity against the veterinary trypanosomes T. vivax and T. congolense, both in vitro and in in vivo rodent models. One member of this series (MGB-BP3) is poised to enter clinical development against Clostridium difficile infection, having passed pre-clinical efficacy and safety trials with MGB-Biopharma. We will seek to design optimised anti-trypanosomal derivatives around the parent scaffold, with an ultimate aim of designing an optimised compound suitable for clinical development with GALVmed. To support the work, biological investigations into the trypanocidal actions of these molecules will proceed along with crucial work to assess the likelihood of resistance arising to this class, and the potential for cross-resistance to current treatments including the diamidine class of drugs (which also bind to the minor groove of DNA) and isometamidium. In parallel to the focus on this exciting new series of compounds, we will also use metabolomics to design much-needed new culture media to facilitate screening of other chemotypes, and systems biology approaches (comparative genomics, transcriptomics; pathway and metabolic modelling) to demarcate the full repertoire of metabolic targets - crucial to enable efficient drug discovery and target validation in veterinary trypanosomes.
Planned Impact
Some 45-50 million cattle, plus millions of goats, pigs and sheep, are at risk of African Animal Trypanosomosis (AAT) in tsetse-infected areas of ~10M km2. Impacts include milk & beef production, calving rates and mortality. Estimated annual cost to the region is $4.75 billion. AAT also impacts on draught animals such as equines and oxen, and their ability to work - clearly affecting agricultural production. The disease severely impacts sub-Saharan regions where livestock rearing is the main livelihood of small communities. Two primary options exist for treatment of AAT: diminazene and isometamidium. Both drugs are >50 years old and resistance to them is widespread. The development of new trypanocides and the identification of resistance markers and are among the highest priorities for sustainable agricultural development in Africa.
Our platform will address both issues and aligns with the BBSRC strategic priority of Animal Health 'to support fundamental and strategic research leading to the development of intervention strategies for combating endemic and exotic infectious diseases'. Our program will underpin progress towards new drugs against AAT through development of products and enabling technologies (screening methodology, understanding resistance mechanisms and mapping of biochemical pathways/drug targets). This, in partnership with GALVmed, will create a real clinical pipeline, with potential spin offs to treatments of related parasitic infections.
New drugs will enable sustainable increases of agricultural production and food security, key BBSRC objectives. The research also addresses the causes of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), another major BBSRC priority area: 'the fundamental microbiology of organisms with known resistance prevalence in order to understand how resistance develops and is maintained, and develop mitigation strategies'. The BBSRC strategy calls for 'research that will inform strategies for combating the development of AMR in managed animals', tying it to food security.
Beneficiaries of the project are principally subsistence farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, who are finding that current AAT treatments are no longer working, threatening their livelihoods and food security. GALVmed has been created to address these and similar problems, and we will also work directly with stakeholders such as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Program Against African Trypanosomosis (PAAT). National and multi-national trypanosomiasis control programmes are major beneficiaries of this research: the development of new, affordable treatments against AAT is of primary importance to these groups, reversing the retreat in African livestock farming caused by drug resistance. Our proposal goes beyond the development of one class of new compounds, enabling the creation of greatly enhanced capacity for T. congolense and T. vivax drug screening through the much-needed development of culturing techniques and the creation of metabolic pathway maps. These will benefit the entire trypanosomiasis research community, and enable pharmaceutical companies to pursue drug development against AAT. The identification of resistance mechanisms to the current trypanocides and the establishment of standard sensitive and resistant strains is essential for AAT control. We will work with the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) and local expert researchers (e.g. Prof. Matovu, Makerere University, Uganda), as well as collaborators from the University of Antwerp (Buscher, Delespaux) to capitalise on the findings and field-test proposed resistance markers.
The applicants have the track record, network and reputation necessary to rapidly move the research towards application - the field testing of drugs and resistance markers. The partnership with GALVmed will enable testing of advanced pre-clinical lead compounds in cattle and help optimise formulation-related issues.
Our platform will address both issues and aligns with the BBSRC strategic priority of Animal Health 'to support fundamental and strategic research leading to the development of intervention strategies for combating endemic and exotic infectious diseases'. Our program will underpin progress towards new drugs against AAT through development of products and enabling technologies (screening methodology, understanding resistance mechanisms and mapping of biochemical pathways/drug targets). This, in partnership with GALVmed, will create a real clinical pipeline, with potential spin offs to treatments of related parasitic infections.
New drugs will enable sustainable increases of agricultural production and food security, key BBSRC objectives. The research also addresses the causes of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), another major BBSRC priority area: 'the fundamental microbiology of organisms with known resistance prevalence in order to understand how resistance develops and is maintained, and develop mitigation strategies'. The BBSRC strategy calls for 'research that will inform strategies for combating the development of AMR in managed animals', tying it to food security.
Beneficiaries of the project are principally subsistence farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, who are finding that current AAT treatments are no longer working, threatening their livelihoods and food security. GALVmed has been created to address these and similar problems, and we will also work directly with stakeholders such as the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Program Against African Trypanosomosis (PAAT). National and multi-national trypanosomiasis control programmes are major beneficiaries of this research: the development of new, affordable treatments against AAT is of primary importance to these groups, reversing the retreat in African livestock farming caused by drug resistance. Our proposal goes beyond the development of one class of new compounds, enabling the creation of greatly enhanced capacity for T. congolense and T. vivax drug screening through the much-needed development of culturing techniques and the creation of metabolic pathway maps. These will benefit the entire trypanosomiasis research community, and enable pharmaceutical companies to pursue drug development against AAT. The identification of resistance mechanisms to the current trypanocides and the establishment of standard sensitive and resistant strains is essential for AAT control. We will work with the Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) and local expert researchers (e.g. Prof. Matovu, Makerere University, Uganda), as well as collaborators from the University of Antwerp (Buscher, Delespaux) to capitalise on the findings and field-test proposed resistance markers.
The applicants have the track record, network and reputation necessary to rapidly move the research towards application - the field testing of drugs and resistance markers. The partnership with GALVmed will enable testing of advanced pre-clinical lead compounds in cattle and help optimise formulation-related issues.
Organisations
Publications

Scott FJ
(2016)
An evaluation of Minor Groove Binders as anti-Trypanosoma brucei brucei therapeutics.
in European journal of medicinal chemistry

Steketee PC
(2018)
Benzoxaborole treatment perturbs S-adenosyl-L-methionine metabolism in Trypanosoma brucei.
in PLoS neglected tropical diseases

Giordani F
(2019)
Novel Minor Groove Binders Cure Animal African Trypanosomiasis in an in Vivo Mouse Model.
in Journal of medicinal chemistry

Giordani F
(2016)
The animal trypanosomiases and their chemotherapy: a review.
in Parasitology

Begolo D
(2018)
The trypanocidal benzoxaborole AN7973 inhibits trypanosome mRNA processing.
in PLoS pathogens
Description | To date we have 1. Generated new metabolomics datasets for T. congolense, that indicate key differences in use of metabolites when compared to T. brucei. Mode of action studies point to nucleic acid binding 2. This has enabled creation of a new and simplified culture medium 3. We have tested a series of novel compounds for activity against T. congolense (and the same compounds tested against T. vivax). The Minor groove binder class has yielded some key hits with sub micromolar activities, now under safety evaluation, lead compounds for further development have been identified, in vivo activity against T. congoelnse and T. vivax in mice has been achieved. 4. We have generated a model of T. congolense metabolic pathways (based on genome reconstruction) 5. Mode of action studies indicate DNA binding is critical to function, causing cell cycle arrest 6. Resistance to the sMGB compounds has proven extremely difficult to select |
Exploitation Route | We are discussing the Global Alliance for Veterinary Medicine opportunities to further develop this series of compounds |
Sectors | Agriculture, Food and Drink,Chemicals,Education,Healthcare,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology |
URL | https://www.gla.ac.uk/researchinstitutes/iii/research/researchareas/parasitology/aat/ |
Description | CIC The Tryp Chip |
Amount | £38,471 (GBP) |
Organisation | Medical Research Council (MRC) |
Sector | Academic/University |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 01/2018 |
End | 12/2020 |
Description | GALVmed Drug resistance and cross-resistance in livestock trypanosomes. |
Amount | £117,482 (GBP) |
Organisation | GALVmed |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 04/2017 |
End | 06/2018 |
Description | Wellcome Strategic Award Discovery of New Drug Candidate(s) for the Treatment of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) |
Amount | £338,636 (GBP) |
Funding ID | 108517 |
Organisation | Wellcome Trust |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 01/2016 |
End | 12/2018 |
Description | Wellcome Trust Strategic Award |
Amount | £239,423 (GBP) |
Funding ID | 108443/Z/15/Z |
Organisation | Wellcome Trust |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 01/2016 |
End | 12/2020 |
Title | Diagnostic biomarkers for African trypanosomiasis staging |
Description | Metabolite profile that diagnoses patients with African trypanosomiasis and also stage 1 vs stage 2 disease |
Type Of Material | Model of mechanisms or symptoms - human |
Year Produced | 2016 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Metabolomics characterisation of new biomarkers for human African trypanosomiasis diagnosis and staging |
URL | http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0005140 |
Description | An integrated approach to tackling drug resistance in livestock trypanosomes |
Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
Department | The Roslin Institute |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | University of Glasgow will test drug resistant parasites and seek mechanisms of resistance to veterinary trypanosomes (Barrett) and make mathematical models of drug resistance (Louise Matthews) |
Collaborator Contribution | Project only just started |
Impact | None to date |
Start Year | 2019 |
Description | Colin Suckling: A new drug discovery pipeline for animal African trypanosomiasis |
Organisation | University of Strathclyde |
Department | Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Professor Colin Suckling is a partner on this grant and is generating new chemical entitities of the minor groove binder class in order for us to assess activity against veterinary trypanosomes |
Collaborator Contribution | Professor Suckling provides new chemical entities and intellectual input regarding structure activity relationships, also collating information from other sources to enrich this activity |
Impact | Collaboration between Suckling and Barrett has been ongoing in development of new drugs to treat parasitic diseases for over a decade. Suckling is a medicinal chemist, Barrett a Parasitologist, hence the synergy is around design and production of chemicals with activity against protozoa. Barrett tests compounds made by Suckling and together they seek new information to guide further development. |
Start Year | 2008 |
Description | Glavmed - A new drug discovery pipeline for animal African trypanosomiasis |
Organisation | GALVmed |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
PI Contribution | We are testing a new series of compounds for trypanocidal activity with a long term aspiration of passing this on to Galvmed for clinical development as veterinary trypanocides. We are also creating new culture media to assist in drug screening against veterinary trypanosomes. Also new genomic and metabolomic information to assist in culture medium development and also identify novel drug targets. |
Collaborator Contribution | Galvmed provide financial assistance to our IPA award to the tune of 160,000 GBP. They also proovide some chemicals to test (cross resistance studies) and parasite strains for analysis |
Impact | We have developed new, improved culture media for Trypanosoma congolense. We have (through Professor Suckling) identified a series of compounds with high potency against T. confolense and T. vivax, now awaiting further toxicity and PK testing for consideration towards further development. |
Start Year | 2012 |
Description | Liam Morrison: A new drug discovery pipeline for animal African trypanosomiasis |
Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
Department | The Roslin Institute |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Liam Morrison is a veterinary Parasitologist with expertise in the biology of veterinary trypanosomes. He is adding expertise in cultivation of trypanosomes of veterinary significance and understanding their genomic and metabolomic profiles with a view to drug discovery |
Collaborator Contribution | Dr Morrison is adding expertise in cultivation of trypanosomes of veterinary significance and understanding their genomic and metabolomic profiles with a view to drug discovery |
Impact | We have recently developed a new medium for the cultivation of Trypanosoma congolense to assist in drug screening. New genomic information is also assisting identification of drug targets |
Start Year | 2008 |
Description | Trypanocyc database |
Organisation | French National Institute of Agricultural Research |
Department | INRA Toulouse |
Country | France |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | We have provided large quantities of mass spectrometry metabolomics data for analysis by the INRA team and have worked to provide biochemical background and datasets in creating the trypanocyc database and advising on the scope of software tools produced via the MetExplore software environment. |
Collaborator Contribution | The team of Fabien Jourdan at INRA in Toulouse have created a suite of software tools (through the MetExplore environment) to assist in our analysis of metabolomics in parasites. The trrypanocyc database was built in collaboration with this team and several of their software tools are in routine use in our Metabolomics team |
Impact | *Trypanocyc database: http://vm-trypanocyc.toulouse.inra.fr/ Trypanocyc publication: Shameer S, (et al.,) TrypanoCyc: a community-led biochemical pathways database for Trypanosoma brucei. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Jan;43(Database issue):D637-44. doi: 10.1093/nar/gku944. *Metexplore software: http://metexplore.toulouse.inra.fr/joomla3/index.php *Metexplore publication: Cottret L, Wildridge D, Vinson F, Barrett MP, Charles H, Sagot MF, Jourdan F. MetExplore: a web server to link metabolomic experiments and genome-scale metabolic networks. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jul;38(Web Server issue):W132-7. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq312. *Metanetter software: http://compbio.dcs.gla.ac.uk/fabien/abinitio/abinitio.html *Metnetter publication: Jourdan F, Breitling R, Barrett MP, Gilbert D. MetaNetter: inference and visualization of high-resolution metabolomic networks.Bioinformatics. 2008 Jan 1;24(1):143-5. Epub 2007 Nov 14. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm536 |
Start Year | 2008 |
Description | David Livingstone and the Scottish Encounter with Tropical Disease |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | A day long symposium where experts in tropical diseases from the World Health Organisation, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, several UK-based and International institutes joined experts from the University of Glasgow to discuss tropical diseases and their enduring impact, from the perspective of the extraordinary discoveries of Dr Livingstone (an alumnus of the University of Glasgow - whose bicentenary was celebrated this year). |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
URL | http://www.gla.ac.uk/events/?action=details&id=6333 |
Description | Emerging paradigms for anti-infective drug design (joint symposuum between the British Society of Parasitology and Royal Socieity of Chemistry) |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
Results and Impact | Symposium to discuss advances in drug development for infectious diseases |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
URL | http://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/events/2012/09/emerging-paradigms-in-anti-infective-drug-design |
Description | Lecture to School on Neglected Tropical Diseases |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | A lecture to Lomond School in Helensburgh (20th Feb 2017) |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Presentation on Neglected Tropical Disease |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | High School of Glasgow talk |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
Description | Prison Visit |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Other audiences |
Results and Impact | I presented two lectures about Neglected Tropical Diseases and parasitism to Prisoners at Low Moss Prison (9 March 2017) |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
URL | https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/news/archive/2016/title,680046,en.php |
Description | Public Engagement talk to Schools |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | Talk to local schools around Durham during British Society of Parasitology Meeting (14th Sep 2016) |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
URL | http://bsp.uk.net/2016/10/10/blog-report-septembers-autumn-symposium/ |
Description | School visit |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | I lectured on Neglected Tropical Diseases as the Dallachy lecture at the Glasgow Academy, to current and former pupil;s, teachers and parents |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
URL | https://www.facebook.com/glasgowacademy/posts/2288676024604646 |
Description | Schools talk on Neglected Tropical Diseases |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | Lecture on Neglected Tropical Diseases to High School of Glasgow (28 Oct 2017) |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
Description | Symposium: Glasgow Encounters with Tropical Disease |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | We held a symposium with myself and seven other experts in tropical diseases to discuss these diseases from the contemporary point of view, but in the context of the rich history of research into these diseases from the perspective of Glasgow University. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
URL | http://www.gla.ac.uk/researchinstitutes/iii/wtcmp/aboutthewtcmp/wtcmpnews/headline_439330_en.html |
Description | The Conversation - Leishmaniasis in Syria |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Online article discussing Leishmaniasis with respect to refugees. Accessed nearly 1 million times within a week of its appearance. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
URL | https://theconversation.com/explainer-what-is-the-flesh-eating-disease-thats-spreading-across-syria-... |
Description | lecture on Drug resistance and development in parasitic disease |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Local |
Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
Results and Impact | Lecture to the Glasgow University Medical Infection and Immunobiology Society. Glasgow. 5th Nov 2016 |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
URL | https://www.facebook.com/GUMIIC/?ref=page_internal |