Role of inoculum sources in Rhynchosporium population dynamics and epidemics on barley

Lead Research Organisation: Rothamsted Research
Department Name: Plant Biology & Crop Science

Abstract

Rhynchosporium leaf blotch of barley, caused by the fungus Rhynchosporium secalis, is of increasing importance in world agriculture. It is the most serious disease on winter and spring barley in the UK, causing substantial losses nationally, despite expenditure of £50M per year on fungicides. The disease is difficult to control with fungicides, as the fungus can exist for a long period in the crop without causing symptoms. A severe epidemic may then emerge without warning. The sources of infection responsible for such epidemics are not well understood. We have recently discovered, for instance, that contaminated seed may be an important primary source of the disease. This project aims to clarify the origin and early dynamics of epidemics using molecular techniques (quantitative PCR) that can detect and quantify the DNA of the pathogen in barley plants before symptoms occur. The same techniques can also detect genetic characteristics of the fungus, such as mating type, virulence, and genes responsible for resistance to fungicides. Each season, epidemics will be monitored on both winter (October-sown) and spring (March-sown) barley. Work will also be done on historical spring barley samples archived at Rothamsted over 150 years, and on samples from current crops from at least 10 sites in England, Scotland and Ireland. We aim to study short-term and long-term changes in the pathogen population. Knowledge from this project will be combined with new information from related projects being funded by BBSRC LINK, Defra, HGCA and SEERAD (at ADAS, and in Scotland, SAC and SCRI) to develop guidelines for crop husbandry and agronomic practices to reduce R. secalis population size and genetic variation to achieve sustainable control of rhynchosporium disease of barley.

Technical Summary

Rhynchosporium secalis causes a polycyclic disease (many pathogen generations per season), which is an increasing problem on both winter and spring barley crops in the UK. Rhynchosporium control has been eroded during the last two decades by the ability of R. secalis to break down host resistance genes and to develop resistance to several classes of fungicides. To achieve more sustainable control, a better understanding of factors affecting R. secalis population dynamics is required. New methods to detect and quantify R. secalis DNA during the long symptomless phase early in epidemics now make it possible to study factors affecting R. secalis population dynamics over the whole season. Task 1 will test the hypothesis that seed-borne inoculum of R. secalis plays an important role in the development of rhynchosporium epidemics on barley crops each season. PCR-based assays will be used to monitor the development of R. secalis in different host plant tissues (seed, roots, stem and leaves) at regular intervals throughout the growing season, even in the absence of disease symptoms. To determine whether sexually-produced ascospores might also be a source of infection and variation in the pathogen population, spore samplers will be used to examine potential production of air-borne ascospores in different locations. AFLP fingerprinting will be used to assess the genetic structure of R. secalis populations in relation to location, cultivar (host resistance factors) and inoculum source (e.g. seed, debris). Virulence testing, using the UK Cereal Pathogen Virulence Survey will also provide genetic information about sources. Task 2 will test whether quantification of early symptomless R. secalis (by PCR) can be used to predict rhynchosporium epidemic severity and understand barley cultivar resistance, irrespective of environmental and agronomic factors. Short-term dynamics will be studied using samples from untreated and fungicide-treated plots in commercial trials (different cultivars at >20 locations in England, Scotland, Ireland) at a few specific stages during the growing season. R. secalis population dynamics will be assessed by observing changes with time in amounts of DNA by quantitative PCR. PCR results will be compared with visual assessments on epidemic (symptom) development in the same plots. To better understand relationships between early symptomless and later symptomatic infection, work will be done with genotypes from a mapping population selected as representative of different resistance phenotypes. Task 3 will test hypotheses (e.g. genetic changes in R. secalis populations) to explain the increase in severity of rhynchosporium epidemics since the mid 20th century. Rothamsted has a long-term experiment on continuous cultivation of spring barley since 1852. At the end of each season, leaf/stem material and grain have been archived. This material will also be used to investigate changes in the incidence of R. secalis in leaf and seed samples and to monitor the frequency of specific alleles associated with important traits (e.g. mating type, virulence) over the 150 year period. Results will be compared with available environmental and agronomic data. Task 4 will use the knowledge gained during this project and other related projects to develop guidelines for improved husbandry and deployment of cultivar resistance and fungicides to achieve a more sustainable control of rhynchosporium epidemics.
 
Description 1. The discovery that Rhynchosporium secalis can colonise barley crops extensively throughout the cropping season (from seed to seed) in the absence of visual symptoms has completely changed the understanding of the disease by industry (implications for use of fungicides, breeding programmes, AHDB barley cultivar Recommended List).

2. Markers associated with new sources of resistance to R. secalis have been identified in a barley mapping population, and methods to screen material for resistance have been improved. These findings have been exploited in a Technology Strategy Board project (SIBLINGS), led by a breeding company (KWS-UK).

3. Work with the 150-year barley archive at Rothamsted has provided unique insights into the long-term dynamics of R. secalis on barley crops (temporal patterns in the amounts of R. secalis DNA are similar to those recorded in the Defra/AHDB barley disease surveys since the 1970s). It has also provided information about the long-term dynamics of other barley pathogens.
Exploitation Route This project involved close collaboration with industry partners, who gained the following benefits from it:

Scottish Agronomy. Rhynchosporium is the most economically damaging disease of barley in the UK. As one of the largest advisory/trials groups in the UK, it is important that any information that sheds new light on the disease is disseminated through advisors, allowing them to implement any changes to disease management that may benefit growers. This project has identified seed borne transfer of the disease as significant, and identified new diagnostic tools to track movement of the disease. This will make it easier and quicker to screen for new, more resistant barley varieties and potentially reduce the requirement for fungicides.

AHDB Cereals & Oilseeds. The project has provided new information on the symptomless infection and colonisation of barley by Rhynchosporium. AHDB is funding a number of research and development projects on Rhynchosporium which will benefit from the knowledge gained and methods developed during this project. The results of the project have been communicated to growers through updating The Barley Disease Management Guide and events such as Cereals.

DuPont. DuPont have been delighted in the outcome of this project and the valuable insight it has given to the lifecycle of Rhynchosporium. This better understanding of the sources of inoculum and development of the disease has re-ignited discussion on control of the disease and has led to a number of theories as to how existing and future chemicals might be better used. This has led DuPont to become part of the TSB project to build upon this research to explore some of the theories relating to chemical usage whilst others further the genetic research.

Agrii. The barley crop is an important part of our customers' rotations, allowing early entry for winter oilseed rape which is the most effective break crop. However it tends to be treated less carefully than winter wheat and can therefore deliver variable yields, decreasing overall profitability. Agrii's involvement in this project has allowed us to better understand the most challenging part of barley management, i.e. reliable disease control, and enable us to advise our customers how to achieve better consistency in this crop's performance.

KWS. KWS UK Ltd led a Technology Strategy Board project entitled 'Symptomless Infection of BarLey: resIstance breediNG and integrated crop protection Strategies (SIBLINGS)'. The project consortium includes SCRI and University of Hertfordshire. This project aims to deliver more effective control of Rhynchosporium of barley through understanding its life cycle. The project uses new knowledge about the symptomless infection of barley obtained in this BBSRC LINK project to develop new varieties that are more durably resistant to Rhynchosporium and therefore protected against yield loss. Novel molecular and microscopy methods using GFP-tagged pathogen isolates will be used to generate knowledge of resistance mechanisms. The project consortium includes DuPont and Agrii, who will develop crop protection strategies which are strategically well directed for increased yield response and risk reduction. The proposal therefore represents a novel approach to both breeding for durable resistance and more effective crop protection with existing chemicals, whilst informing discovery strategies.
Sectors Agriculture, Food and Drink
 
Description This project involved close collaboration with industry partners, who gained the following benefits from it: Scottish Agronomy. Rhynchosporium is the most economically damaging disease of barley in the UK. As one of the largest advisory/trials groups in the UK, it is important that any information that sheds new light on the disease is disseminated through advisors, allowing them to implement any changes to disease management that may benefit growers. This project has identified seed borne transfer of the disease as significant, and identified new diagnostic tools to track movement of the disease. This will make it easier and quicker to screen for new, more resistant barley varieties and potentially reduce the requirement for fungicides. AHDB (Cereals & Oilseeds). The project has provided new information on the symptomless infection and colonisation of barley by Rhynchosporium. AHDB is funding a number of research and development projects on Rhynchosporium which will benefit from the knowledge gained and methods developed during this project. The results of the project have been communicated to growers through updating The Barley Disease Management Guide and events such as Cereals. DuPont. DuPont have been delighted in the outcome of this project and the valuable insight it has given to the lifecycle of Rhynchosporium. This better understanding of the sources of inoculum and development of the disease has re-ignited discussion on control of the disease and has led to a number of theories as to how existing and future chemicals might be better used. This has led DuPont to become part of the TSB project to build upon this research to explore some of the theories relating to chemical usage whilst others further the genetic research. Agrii. The barley crop is an important part of our customers' rotations, allowing early entry for winter oilseed rape which is the most effective break crop. However it tends to be treated less carefully than winter wheat and can therefore deliver variable yields, decreasing overall profitability. Masstock's involvement in this project has allowed us to better understand the most challenging part of barley management, i.e. reliable disease control, and enable us to advise our customers how to achieve better consistency in this crop's performance. KWS. KWS UK Ltd is leading a new Technology Strategy Board project entitled 'Symptomless Infection of BarLey: resIstance breediNG and integrated crop protection Strategies (SIBLINGS)'. The project consortium includes SCRI and Rothamsted. This project aims to deliver more effective control of Rhynchosporium of barley through understanding its life cycle. The project uses new knowledge about the symptomless infection of barley obtained in this BBSRC LINK project to develop new varieties that are more durably resistant to Rhynchosporium and therefore protected against yield loss. Novel molecular and microscopy methods using GFP-tagged pathogen isolates will be used to generate knowledge of resistance mechanisms. The project consortium includes DuPont and Masstock Arable, who will develop crop protection strategies which are strategically well directed for increased yield response and risk reduction. The proposal therefore represents a novel approach to both breeding for durable resistance and more effective crop protection with existing chemicals, whilst informing discovery strategies.
First Year Of Impact 2015
Sector Agriculture, Food and Drink
Impact Types Economic
 
Description Fitness cost of virulence 
Organisation French National Institute of Agricultural Research
Department Biology and Management of Risks in Agriculture (BIOGER)
Country France 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of fitness cost of Leptosphaeria maculans mutatation from avirulent to virulent; assessing pathogen fitness cost of virulence to predict durability of coresponding R gene-mediated resistance.
Collaborator Contribution Dr Thierry Rouxel and Dr Mylène Balesdent provided near isogenic pathogen isolates for studying fitness cost; provided information from the Leptosphaeria maculans genome sequence to understand changes in L. maculans populations from avirulent to virulent (e.g. through gene deletion, repeat-induced-point mutation, etc.).
Impact Two research papers and several national and international conference presentations. Huang YJ, Balesdent MH, Li ZQ, Evans N, Rouxel T, Fitt BDL (2010). Fitness cost of virulence differs between the AvrLm1 and AvrLm4 loci in Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker of oilseed rape). European Journal of Plant Pathology 126, 279-291; Huang YJ, Li ZQ, Evans N, Rouxel T, Fitt BDL, Balesdent MH (2006). Fitness cost associated with loss of the AvrLm4 avirulence function in Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker of oilseed rape). European Journal of Plant Pathology 114, 77-89.
Start Year 2006
 
Description Fungicide control of phoma stem canker 
Organisation ADAS
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of effects of fungicides on control of the two pathogens causing phoma stem canker
Collaborator Contribution Provided fungicides; ran field trials; contributed to planning of experiments; provided knowledge of fungicides.
Impact Two research papers and several national and international conference presentations. Huang YJ, Hood JR, Eckert MR, Stonard JF, Cools HJ, Rossall S, Ashworth M, Fitt BDL (2011). Effects of fungicide on growth of Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa in relation to development of phoma stem canker on oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Plant Pathology 60, 607-620; Eckert MR, Rossall S, Selley A, Fitt BDL (2010). Effects of fungicides on in vitro spore germination and mycelial growth of the phytopathogens Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa (phoma stem canker of oilseed rape). Pest Management Science 66, 396-405.
Start Year 2006
 
Description Fungicide control of phoma stem canker 
Organisation DuPont
Country United States 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of effects of fungicides on control of the two pathogens causing phoma stem canker
Collaborator Contribution Provided fungicides; ran field trials; contributed to planning of experiments; provided knowledge of fungicides.
Impact Two research papers and several national and international conference presentations. Huang YJ, Hood JR, Eckert MR, Stonard JF, Cools HJ, Rossall S, Ashworth M, Fitt BDL (2011). Effects of fungicide on growth of Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa in relation to development of phoma stem canker on oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Plant Pathology 60, 607-620; Eckert MR, Rossall S, Selley A, Fitt BDL (2010). Effects of fungicides on in vitro spore germination and mycelial growth of the phytopathogens Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa (phoma stem canker of oilseed rape). Pest Management Science 66, 396-405.
Start Year 2006
 
Description Fungicide control of phoma stem canker 
Organisation Felix Cobbold Trust
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of effects of fungicides on control of the two pathogens causing phoma stem canker
Collaborator Contribution Provided fungicides; ran field trials; contributed to planning of experiments; provided knowledge of fungicides.
Impact Two research papers and several national and international conference presentations. Huang YJ, Hood JR, Eckert MR, Stonard JF, Cools HJ, Rossall S, Ashworth M, Fitt BDL (2011). Effects of fungicide on growth of Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa in relation to development of phoma stem canker on oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Plant Pathology 60, 607-620; Eckert MR, Rossall S, Selley A, Fitt BDL (2010). Effects of fungicides on in vitro spore germination and mycelial growth of the phytopathogens Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa (phoma stem canker of oilseed rape). Pest Management Science 66, 396-405.
Start Year 2006
 
Description Fungicide control of phoma stem canker 
Organisation Perry Foundation
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of effects of fungicides on control of the two pathogens causing phoma stem canker
Collaborator Contribution Provided fungicides; ran field trials; contributed to planning of experiments; provided knowledge of fungicides.
Impact Two research papers and several national and international conference presentations. Huang YJ, Hood JR, Eckert MR, Stonard JF, Cools HJ, Rossall S, Ashworth M, Fitt BDL (2011). Effects of fungicide on growth of Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa in relation to development of phoma stem canker on oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Plant Pathology 60, 607-620; Eckert MR, Rossall S, Selley A, Fitt BDL (2010). Effects of fungicides on in vitro spore germination and mycelial growth of the phytopathogens Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa (phoma stem canker of oilseed rape). Pest Management Science 66, 396-405.
Start Year 2006
 
Description Impacts of climate change on wheat and maize diseases in Egypt 
Organisation Mansoura University
Country Egypt 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Our research team will model impacts of climate change on some wheat and maize diseases in Egypt.
Collaborator Contribution Egyptian partners will provide historical and new disease, crop growth and weather data
Impact No outputs yet. This collaboration is multi-disciplinary, involving mathematicians/crop modellers at the University of Hertfordshire and biologists in Egypt
Start Year 2018
 
Description Mechanisms of resistance against apoplastic pathogens 
Organisation Wageningen University & Research
Country Netherlands 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of mechanisms of crop resistance against apoplastic pathogens
Collaborator Contribution Prof Pierre de Wit from the University of Wageningen contributed to the initiation of the research and writing up the research paper.
Impact Publication of an opinion article. Stotz HU, Mitrousia GK, de Wit, PJGM, Fitt BDL (2014). Effector-triggered defence against apoplastic fungal pathogens. Trends in Plant Science 19, 491-500. Presentation of the work at international conferences: 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece; the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland
Start Year 2013
 
Description Prevent spread of Leptoshphaeria maculans into China 
Organisation Alberta Innovates
Department Alberta Innovates Technology Futures
Country Canada 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Modelled the potential spread of the aggressive Leptosphaeria maculans from imported affected oilseed rape seeds in spring and winter oilseed rape area; developed strategies to prevent the spread of L. maculans into China.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided data on disease survey in China and Canda; provided the data on detection of Leptoosphaeria maculans in imported oilseed rape seeds.
Impact Two research papers published. Zhang X, White RP, Demir E, Jedryczka M, Lange RM, Islam M, Li ZQ, Huang YJ, Hall AM, Zhou G, Wang Z, Cai X, Skelsey P, Fitt BDL (2014). Leptosphaeria spp., phoma stem canker and potential spread of L. maculans on oilseed rape crops in China. Plant Pathology 63, 598-612 (Doi: 10.1111/ppa.12146); Fitt BDL, Hu BC, Li ZQ, Liu SY, Lange RM, Kharbanda PD, Butterworth MH, White RP (2008). Strategies to prevent spread of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) onto oilseed rape crops in China; costs and benefits. Plant Pathology 57, 652-664.
Start Year 2008
 
Description Prevent spread of Leptoshphaeria maculans into China 
Organisation Huazhong Agricultural University
Country China 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Modelled the potential spread of the aggressive Leptosphaeria maculans from imported affected oilseed rape seeds in spring and winter oilseed rape area; developed strategies to prevent the spread of L. maculans into China.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided data on disease survey in China and Canda; provided the data on detection of Leptoosphaeria maculans in imported oilseed rape seeds.
Impact Two research papers published. Zhang X, White RP, Demir E, Jedryczka M, Lange RM, Islam M, Li ZQ, Huang YJ, Hall AM, Zhou G, Wang Z, Cai X, Skelsey P, Fitt BDL (2014). Leptosphaeria spp., phoma stem canker and potential spread of L. maculans on oilseed rape crops in China. Plant Pathology 63, 598-612 (Doi: 10.1111/ppa.12146); Fitt BDL, Hu BC, Li ZQ, Liu SY, Lange RM, Kharbanda PD, Butterworth MH, White RP (2008). Strategies to prevent spread of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) onto oilseed rape crops in China; costs and benefits. Plant Pathology 57, 652-664.
Start Year 2008
 
Description Prevent spread of Leptoshphaeria maculans into China 
Organisation Hubei Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
Country China 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Modelled the potential spread of the aggressive Leptosphaeria maculans from imported affected oilseed rape seeds in spring and winter oilseed rape area; developed strategies to prevent the spread of L. maculans into China.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided data on disease survey in China and Canda; provided the data on detection of Leptoosphaeria maculans in imported oilseed rape seeds.
Impact Two research papers published. Zhang X, White RP, Demir E, Jedryczka M, Lange RM, Islam M, Li ZQ, Huang YJ, Hall AM, Zhou G, Wang Z, Cai X, Skelsey P, Fitt BDL (2014). Leptosphaeria spp., phoma stem canker and potential spread of L. maculans on oilseed rape crops in China. Plant Pathology 63, 598-612 (Doi: 10.1111/ppa.12146); Fitt BDL, Hu BC, Li ZQ, Liu SY, Lange RM, Kharbanda PD, Butterworth MH, White RP (2008). Strategies to prevent spread of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) onto oilseed rape crops in China; costs and benefits. Plant Pathology 57, 652-664.
Start Year 2008
 
Description Prevent spread of Leptoshphaeria maculans into China 
Organisation Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences
Country Mongolia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Modelled the potential spread of the aggressive Leptosphaeria maculans from imported affected oilseed rape seeds in spring and winter oilseed rape area; developed strategies to prevent the spread of L. maculans into China.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided data on disease survey in China and Canda; provided the data on detection of Leptoosphaeria maculans in imported oilseed rape seeds.
Impact Two research papers published. Zhang X, White RP, Demir E, Jedryczka M, Lange RM, Islam M, Li ZQ, Huang YJ, Hall AM, Zhou G, Wang Z, Cai X, Skelsey P, Fitt BDL (2014). Leptosphaeria spp., phoma stem canker and potential spread of L. maculans on oilseed rape crops in China. Plant Pathology 63, 598-612 (Doi: 10.1111/ppa.12146); Fitt BDL, Hu BC, Li ZQ, Liu SY, Lange RM, Kharbanda PD, Butterworth MH, White RP (2008). Strategies to prevent spread of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) onto oilseed rape crops in China; costs and benefits. Plant Pathology 57, 652-664.
Start Year 2008
 
Description Prevent spread of Leptoshphaeria maculans into China 
Organisation Polish Academy of Sciences
Country Poland 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Modelled the potential spread of the aggressive Leptosphaeria maculans from imported affected oilseed rape seeds in spring and winter oilseed rape area; developed strategies to prevent the spread of L. maculans into China.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided data on disease survey in China and Canda; provided the data on detection of Leptoosphaeria maculans in imported oilseed rape seeds.
Impact Two research papers published. Zhang X, White RP, Demir E, Jedryczka M, Lange RM, Islam M, Li ZQ, Huang YJ, Hall AM, Zhou G, Wang Z, Cai X, Skelsey P, Fitt BDL (2014). Leptosphaeria spp., phoma stem canker and potential spread of L. maculans on oilseed rape crops in China. Plant Pathology 63, 598-612 (Doi: 10.1111/ppa.12146); Fitt BDL, Hu BC, Li ZQ, Liu SY, Lange RM, Kharbanda PD, Butterworth MH, White RP (2008). Strategies to prevent spread of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) onto oilseed rape crops in China; costs and benefits. Plant Pathology 57, 652-664.
Start Year 2008
 
Description Prevent spread of Leptoshphaeria maculans into China 
Organisation Rothamsted Research
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Modelled the potential spread of the aggressive Leptosphaeria maculans from imported affected oilseed rape seeds in spring and winter oilseed rape area; developed strategies to prevent the spread of L. maculans into China.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided data on disease survey in China and Canda; provided the data on detection of Leptoosphaeria maculans in imported oilseed rape seeds.
Impact Two research papers published. Zhang X, White RP, Demir E, Jedryczka M, Lange RM, Islam M, Li ZQ, Huang YJ, Hall AM, Zhou G, Wang Z, Cai X, Skelsey P, Fitt BDL (2014). Leptosphaeria spp., phoma stem canker and potential spread of L. maculans on oilseed rape crops in China. Plant Pathology 63, 598-612 (Doi: 10.1111/ppa.12146); Fitt BDL, Hu BC, Li ZQ, Liu SY, Lange RM, Kharbanda PD, Butterworth MH, White RP (2008). Strategies to prevent spread of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) onto oilseed rape crops in China; costs and benefits. Plant Pathology 57, 652-664.
Start Year 2008
 
Description Prevent spread of Leptoshphaeria maculans into China 
Organisation Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
Country China 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Modelled the potential spread of the aggressive Leptosphaeria maculans from imported affected oilseed rape seeds in spring and winter oilseed rape area; developed strategies to prevent the spread of L. maculans into China.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided data on disease survey in China and Canda; provided the data on detection of Leptoosphaeria maculans in imported oilseed rape seeds.
Impact Two research papers published. Zhang X, White RP, Demir E, Jedryczka M, Lange RM, Islam M, Li ZQ, Huang YJ, Hall AM, Zhou G, Wang Z, Cai X, Skelsey P, Fitt BDL (2014). Leptosphaeria spp., phoma stem canker and potential spread of L. maculans on oilseed rape crops in China. Plant Pathology 63, 598-612 (Doi: 10.1111/ppa.12146); Fitt BDL, Hu BC, Li ZQ, Liu SY, Lange RM, Kharbanda PD, Butterworth MH, White RP (2008). Strategies to prevent spread of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) onto oilseed rape crops in China; costs and benefits. Plant Pathology 57, 652-664.
Start Year 2008
 
Description Quantitative resistance against phoma stem canker 
Organisation French National Institute of Agricultural Research
Department INRA Rennes Centre
Country France 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of quantitative resistance of oilseed rape operating against Leptosphaeria maculans by using doubled haploid lines with different levels of resistance
Collaborator Contribution Dr Regine Delourmem at INRA- Rennes in France, provided doubled haploid lines produced in her group for use in the BBSRC IPA and BBSRC LINK projects.
Impact Two research papers using their materials were published: PloS One, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; Plant Pathology 58: 314-323.
Start Year 2006
 
Description R gene-mediated resistance against L. maculans 
Organisation Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Country Canada 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Understanding effects of background quantitative on stability of R gene-mediated resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans by using the near isogenic lines produced in Canada
Collaborator Contribution A team at Saskatoon Agriculture and Agri-Food Research Centre, led by Dr Hossein Borhan, have produced near isogenic lines for different R genes; they provided their near isogenic lines for study in a BBSRC LINK project.
Impact Results of study presented at two conferences. (1) 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece; (2) British Society for Plant pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Chadacre Agricultural Trust
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation DSV
Department DSV UK
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation DuPont
Department DuPont Pioneer
Country United States 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Elsoms Seeds
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Felix Cobbold Trust
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Grainseed
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Home Grown Cereals Authority (HGCA)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation LS Plant Breeding
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Limagrain
Country France 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Monsanto
Department Monsanto
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation National Farmers Union
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Perry Foundation
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Saaten-Union Biotec GmbH
Department Saaten-Union UK Ltd
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Syngenta International AG
Country Switzerland 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Reduce risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics 
Organisation Wellcome Trust
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Improved understanding of oilseed rape resistance against phoma stem canker pathogens and regional distribution of Leptosphaeria maculans races for effective deployment of effective resistance genes to reduce the risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics.
Collaborator Contribution Partners provided seeds for field experiments and controlled environment experiments; ran field experiments to sample pathogen populations and assess effectiveness of different resistance genes; run spore samplers to sample air-borne pathogen spores.
Impact One research paper and several presentations in national and international conferences. Huang YJ, Qi A, King GJ, Fitt BDL (2014). Assessing quantitative resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) in young plants. PLoS ONE 9: e84924. Doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084924; (1) Oral presentations at the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, Prague, Czech Republic, 5th -9th June 2011. (2) Oral presentation at the IOBC-Working group meeting, Integrated Control in Oilseed Crops, Gottingen, Germany, 4-6 October 2011. (3) Oral and poster presentations at the Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference, Nice, France, 16-19 October 2012. (4) Poster presentations at the Crop Protection in Southern Britain, Association of Applied Biologists, Peterborough, UK, 27-28 November 2012 . (5) Poster presentations at the 11th International Epidemiology Workshop, Beijing, China, 22-25 August 2013 . (6) Oral and poster presentations at the 10th International Congress of Plant Pathology Plant, Beijing, China, 25-30 August 2013.(7) Oral presentation at HGCA Agronomist conference, 10 Dec 2013. (8) Poster presentations at the BSPP presidential meeting, Birmingham, UK, 17-18 December 2013. (9) Oral presentation at the 19th Crucifer Genetics Workshop, Wuhan, China, 30 March - 2 April 2014 . (10) Poster presentations at the 16th International Congress on Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 6-10 July 2014, Rhodes, Greece . (11) Poster presentations at the British Society for Plant Pathology Presidential Meeting, 1-2 September 2014, St Andrews University, UK . (12) Oral and poster presentations at the 11th Conference of the European Foundation for Plant Pathology, 8 - 13 September 2014, Kraków, Poland.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Coordination of UK Government 2015 spending for work on animal and plant diseases 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact This was an advisory panel aimed at a coordinated bid to Treasury for work on plant and animal diseases across Government departments in the 2015 Government spending round. Intended to brief civil servants and government ministers across different government departments. Produced document for coordination of funding bids across government departments.

After the meeting, impacts of research on control of plant and animal diseases will be discussed in 2015 government spending round.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description 2. Hutchinsons Winter Farmer Technical Conference 'More Science - more yield', 19th November 2015, the East of England Showground, Peterborough, PE2 6XE. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Presented work at Stand at Hutchinson's Winter Technical Conference attended by several hundred farmers and members of the agricultural industry.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description 2014 Cereals 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Talked to farmers, policy makers, researchers who visited the demonstration plots and the HGCA stand; This increased the awareness of public of the importance of control diseases on oilseed rape.

After the Cereals event, contacted by farmers asking for advice on control of diseases in their crops
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description ADAS open day 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Presented a poster which attracted attention to farmers and journalists , stimulated questions and discussions.

After the open day contacted by journalist to ask questions and write a press release article.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
URL http://www.hdc.org.uk/event/adas-boxworth-open-day-1
 
Description British Society for Plant Pathology conference, Warwick, Dec 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Attended British Society of Plant Pathology presidential conference, Warwick, with staff and post-graduate students from our group. Posters and oral presentations were made.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Cereals 2013 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Talked to farmers, policy makers, researchers who visited the demonstration plots and the HGCA stand; This increased the awareness of public of the importance of control diseases on oilseed rape.

After the Cereals event, contacted by farmers asking for advice on control of diseases in their crops; Contacted by HGCA to produce topic sheets on control oilseed rape diseases.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.cerealsevent.co.uk/
 
Description Cereals 2015, 10th - 11th June, The Old Rocket Site, Heath Lane, Boothby Graffoe, Lincolnshire. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Presentation of research at University of Hertfordshire stand at Cereals' 2015, an event attended by thousands of farmers and members of the agricultural industry, as well as politicians, press etc
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description Genetic Improvement Network Workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Talk on Oilseed Rape Genetic Improvement Network at Workshop for stakeholders of all GINs, organised by Defra, Feb 22 "016, Norwich
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description HGCA agronomist conference 2013 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The talk stimulated questions and discussions about the risk of breakdown of important of resistance genes for control of phoma stem canker

After the talk, been contacted by journalist to ask questions and write a press release articles to increase public awareness of protection of novel resistance genes for disease control.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.hgca.com/media/329348/bruce_fitt_final.pdf
 
Description IOBC-Workshop 2011 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.)
Results and Impact The talk stimulated questions and discussion.

Contacted by interested parties for more information.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2011
 
Description International Congress of Plant Pathology, Boston, USA, July/Aug 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact This was an international conference. Attended with other staff and post-grad students from our group. Presented work as posters.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Plant Resistance Sustainability 2012 International Conference 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.)
Results and Impact Talk and poster presentation about pathogen population changes to render host resistance ineffective sparked questions and discussion during and after the conference.

After the conference, contacted by interested parties for collaboration.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012
URL https://colloque4.inra.fr/prs2012
 
Description Press release on Leptoshpaeria bigloobsa 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Increased the awareness of risk of severe phoma stem canker epidemics caused by Leptosphaeria biglobosa in oilseed rape

Contacted by interested parties to be involved in further research
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
URL http://www.farmersguardian.com/arable-farming/phoma-pathogen-could-pose-additional-threat/65085.arti...
 
Description Press release on quantitative resistance 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Publicised the results of research

Contacted by interested parties on using the results of our research
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
URL http://sciencedaily.pl/releases/2014/01/140127122330.htm
 
Description Stand at Cereals 2017, Boothby Graffoe, Lincolnshire 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Presented research at University of Hertfordshire stand at this event
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Stand at Cereals' 2018, Duxford, Cambs 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Participated in University of Hertfordshire stand at Cereals' 2018, June 13-14 2018. Event attended by 1000s of farmers and other members of the agricultural industry, mostly from the UK but some from overseas
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description TIPS review video 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Stimulated thinking about another way to identify host resistance genes

Contacted by interested parties to be involved in further research.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9RoGrsZGCY
 
Description Talk at Brassica Genetics conference 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.)
Results and Impact The talk sparked questions and discussions

Contacted by interested parties on using the results of our research
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description Talk at EFPP conference 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.)
Results and Impact Talk stimulated discussion about the importance of control phoma stem canker by targeting two causal pathogens

Contacted by interested parties to be involved in further research
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description Talk at FAO workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.)
Results and Impact Talk sparked questions and discussion aferwards

Contacted by interested parties to be involved in further research
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description Talk at career event at UH 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Undergraduate students
Results and Impact The talk encouraged students to think a career in plant pathology

Contacted by individuals to consider doing a research degree (e.g. MSc, PhD)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description Talk. Arable crop disease control, climate change and food security. 30 Sept 2016; Hawkesbury Institute, University of Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Visit to Hawkesbury Institute to discuss collaboration which is now occurring
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description Talk; Arable crop disease control, climate change and food security. 28 Sept 2016; University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Seminar at University of Western Australia which we visited to discuss collaboration
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description Talks to U3A science groups in Watford and Hemel Hempstead, Herts, Sept/Oct 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Talks about arable crop diseases, climate change and food security to U3A science groups in Watford (60 participants) and Hemel Hempstead (40 participants).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description UH Research Day 2013 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.)
Results and Impact Oral and poster presentations about our research on control of oilseed rape diseases increased the awareness of colleagues and students in the school about the importance of disease control and food security.

After the talk, contacted by undergratuate and MSc studens to do their projects in our group and cosider a career in Plant Pathology.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
 
Description press release on HGCA Agronomist conference 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact The talk increased the awareness of the risk of breakdown of important of resistance genes for control of phoma stem canker

After the talk, we have been contacted by interested parties (e.g. breeding companies) to be involved in further research.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.fwi.co.uk/articles/13/12/2013/142510/phoma-resistance-genes-in-osr-under-threat.htm
 
Description press release on LmLb China 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? Yes
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Increased the wareness of public on controlling spreading a damaging pathogen

Increased the concern of Chinese goverment for preventing the spread of a damaging pathogen into China to protect Chinese oilseed rape crops.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2013
URL http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/11/131128133917.htm