Technologies and Techniques for Single Cell Proteomics and Lipidomics: Nanodigestion and Analysis of a Single Cell Plasma Membrane

Lead Research Organisation: Imperial College London
Department Name: Chemistry

Abstract

The human genome project and those aimed as sequencing the genomes of other organisms tell us the codes that are present in an organism for generating proteins. Of course nearly every cell in the body contains a complete copy of those codes yet there are numerous cell types within the body performing a wide range of different functions, even within the same tissue we can clearly identify different cell types that are performing widely different functions. What makes these cell types different is fundamentally the different level of expression of the genes that they contain, in other words the genes that are switched on and therefore the proteins that are manufactured within those cells. However that is not the whole story. Even if we know what genes are switched on in a cell, the down stream activity of those proteins is really what is important in determining cell functionality. Proteins will move within the cell, they will interact and transform depending on those interactions. In addition the cells contain a wide variety of other chemical species, not least of which are lipids. While not directly coded by the genome, the production of lipids within the cell is controlled by the proteins present and interactions involving lipids are equally important in cell function as those involving proteins.One important area where understanding of the mechanisms behind cell function is at the cell membrane, as it is here that the cell interacts with its environment and with other cells. The ability to determine which molecular species are present within the cell membrane, particularly in areas where we can identify some sort of activity will be key to developing this understanding. This proposal is an ambitious project to construct instrumentation that can take individual cells, extract those molecules from identified areas of the plasma membrane, and analyse them using optical techniques to determine the chemical structures that they contain. The proposed instrumentation draws together a number of individual technologies from across Imperial College: The whole process will take place in microfluidic devices where fluids can be handled in nano-litre volumes to digest and separate molecules from cells and from each other: Multi-dimensional fluorescence imaging techniques will be used to highlight the interesting and active areas on the cell membrane and to monitor the digestion process: Optical trapping will be used to hold and manipulate the individual cells within the microfluidic flow to allow targeting of specific areas of the cell membrane: 2d non-linear infra-red spectroscopy techniques will be used to analyse the digested components and determine their structure.

Publications

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Sowley H (2019) Detection of Drug Binding to a Target Protein Using EVV 2DIR Spectroscopy. in The journal of physical chemistry. B

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Phillips John Robert (2013) Optical traps for single cell analysis

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Salehi-Reyhani Ali (2012) Tools for single cell proteomics

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Fournier F (2008) Protein identification and quantification by two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy: implications for an all-optical proteomic platform. in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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Benninger RK (2007) Fluorescence-lifetime imaging of DNA-dye interactions within continuous-flow microfluidic systems. in Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

 
Title Doctoral Training Centre Den 2010 Video 
Description Video of finalist group from the SCP group pitching scientific ideas to judges comprising of Heads of Research Councils. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2010 
 
Title MAC chip animatiosn 
Description A series of animations showing the use of the MAC chip platform step by step. These animations follow one single cell taken from the blood of a cancer patient and follow it through optical trapping, optical lysis and finally single molecules detection of the proteins within. Each animation is overlayed with real video footage from a device for comparison. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2013 
Impact These animations have been used by multiple members of the group for presentation purposes and have received a lot of interest. For example the animations were used by a PhD student in his end of PhD postgraduate symposium which lead to him receiving the second place prize for final year PhD talk. 
 
Title Promotional video for the Chemical Biology Centre SCP/RASOR Technology Showcase event, 30 June 2010 
Description Demonstration of track writing 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2010 
 
Title Recordings of trapping optimisation and blob manipulation 
Description Recordings of trapping optimisation and blob manipulation - see supplementary data on Biomedical Optics Express, 2012, 3, 1609-1619 paper for examples. 
Type Of Art Image 
 
Description The main aim of the project was to construct instrumentation that can take individual cells, extract those molecules from identified areas of the plasma membrane, and analyse them using optical techniques to determine the chemical structures that they contain. Prototype versions of three unique proteomics platforms (labelled platforms 'Microfludic Antibody Capture (MAC) Chip' and 'Smart Droplet Microtools (SDMs)' and label free platform '2DIR') were established and evaluated.



The first is a microfluidic chip-based fluorescently labelled platform with a single molecule read-out. Fluids can be handled in nano-litre volumes to digest and separate molecules from cells and from each other. Fluorescence imaging techniques are used to highlight interesting areas on the cell membrane and to monitor the digestion process. This technology has the ability to reliably use single-molecule read-out in an antibody affinity assay and the ability to reliably use nanodigestion to spatially select parts of the cell membrane for read-out.



The second is a labelled platform which was developed for spatially selective chemical digestion of single cells (nanodigestion) using SDMs, oil microdroplets coated with amphiphilic monolayers. SDMs are manipulated using optical traps in microfluidic environments and allow us to perform biopsies on the cellular scale. We have demonstrated that following controlled cell-SDM interactions protein transfer to the SDM from the target cell occurs via specific contact points with SDMs acting as storage vehicles for the uptaken plasma membrane material. Each SDM can then be used downstream for proteomics analysis.



The third is a label free platform using 2DIR and spectroscopic methods for a readout of proteins separated by reverse phase chromatography and capillary separation. The strength of this platform lies in the novel approach to protein identification coupled with intrinsic ability to add value over and above protein counting. We have successfully increased the sensitivity of the 2DIR platform by over three orders of magnitude, discovered another potential non-linear spectroscopic route to protein identification using Coherent Anti Stokes Raman CARS spectroscopy and determined the utility of the method for measuring phosphorylation and other potential added value approaches to proteomics analysis.
Exploitation Route The main application of the technology is in healthcare where the technology can be adapted for use as clinical diagnostic tools. We are currently running a clinical evaluation of the technology applied to detection of sexually transmitted diseases. This has the potential to allow earlier and more effective intervention and to improve patient care. We also plan to develop this technology further for the detection of infectious diseases. Another clinical area where the technology is directly applicable is in oncology. We plan to use our single cell proteomic technology to track CTCs in breast cancer patients to follow development of resistance to drug treatment. This will allow clinicians to decide earlier and more accurately what drug regimen to use and when to change from one drug to another. There are two main ways in which this research is being exploited. Firstly there is its application for the study of biology in order to further our understanding of a range of important biological functions. For example heterogeneity and specialisation of cells in bacterial populations where it is believed that not all cells are behaving identically at any one time and that there can be co-operativity between them. Similarly in humans, cells of one type although nominally identical are in fact not, which gives rise to variable function and response to drugs. By studying cell to cell variation it is also possible to understand better the molecular networks that make cells function, and as our measurement methods are both accurate and precise, the data can be used for better modelling of biological processes to allow the development of predictive models which can help to put our understanding of biology onto a much more rigorous footing. In fact we have already been successful in generating funding to apply these methods to some biological networks as described.



The second route for exploitation is in healthcare. The very high sensitivity of these methods means that they can be adapted for use as a diagnostic tool. We are currently running a clinical evaluation of the technology applied to detection of sexually transmitted diseases. The benefit is that the miniaturisation allows for a rapid readout as well as a sensitive readout so that there is the potential for clinicians to obtain a test result in a few minutes. This means that positive patients can be treated on the spot without having to be sent home first, and that negative patients can obtain rapid reassurance. There are a number of other infectious diseases which could also benefit from this approach and we plan to develop this technology further for detection of infection. The second clinical area where the technology is directly applicable is in oncology. Patients with solid tumours usually have circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in their bloodstream. It is these CTCs which create secondary tumours (metastases) which are usually the cause of death. CTCs potentially give an insight into the state of health of the patient and how they are responding to treatment. We plan to use our single cell proteomic technology to track CTCs in breast cancer patients to follow development of resistance to drug treatment. This will allow clinicians to decide earlier and more accurately what drug regimen to use and when to change from one drug to another.



Equipment prototypes built as part of the research has also been turned into a facility and a consortium of around 50 research collaborators are making use of the facility for subsequent biological projects. The equipment is also available for further technological development.

As of 2017 we are now putting the technology to active use in collaborations with clinicians. We have a project with NHLI/Brompton hospital in using the MAC chip to follow the development of senescence in immune cells recovered from sputum from patients with COPD. Another study has been completed in collaboration with ICR and The Marsden hospital to show that we can analyse the heterogeneity in tumour xenograft samples. Finally we are starting a new project in collaboration with Kings College to undertake analysis of the status of immune cells in human tumour xenografts.
Sectors Healthcare

Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology

URL http://www.singlecellanalysis.ac.uk/
 
Description Application of Microfluidic Antibody Capture (MAC) chips to Circulating Tumour Cells (CTCs) and the detection of infectious diseases. Opened up a new subject area, Single Cell Analysis. This work is now being used for the non invasive analysis of living cells in sputum from COPD patients. We have shown that we are able to identify senescence in cells from patients with COPD compared with healthy subjects.
Sector Healthcare,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology
Impact Types Economic

 
Description Applications of 2DIR/Proteome on a chip to cardiovascular problems
Amount £200,000 (GBP)
Funding ID RE/08/002 
Organisation British Heart Foundation (BHF) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2008 
End 03/2014
 
Description Applications of 2DIR/Proteome on a chip to cardiovascular problems
Amount £200,000 (GBP)
Funding ID RE/08/002 
Organisation British Heart Foundation (BHF) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2008 
End 03/2014
 
Description Cellular Information Processing and Decision Making from Noise to Robust Phenotypes
Amount £260,264 (GBP)
Funding ID RGP0061/2011 
Organisation Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country France
Start 12/2011 
End 11/2014
 
Description Cellular Information Processing and Decision Making from Noise to Robust Phenotypes
Amount £260,264 (GBP)
Funding ID RGP0061/2011 
Organisation Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country France
Start 12/2011 
End 11/2014
 
Description Chembecell Ltd
Amount £150,000 (GBP)
Organisation Imperial Innovations 
Sector Private
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2007 
End 02/2010
 
Description Chembecell Ltd
Amount £150,000 (GBP)
Organisation Imperial Innovations 
Sector Private
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2007 
End 02/2010
 
Description Clinical Demonstration of Point of Care Diagnostics Using Microfluidic Chips with Single Molecule Sensitivity for the Detection of Infectious Diseases
Amount £277,094 (GBP)
Funding ID P31601 
Organisation Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 
Department Biomedical Research Council
Sector Academic/University
Country Singapore
Start 07/2010 
End 01/2013
 
Description Clinical Demonstration of Point of Care Diagnostics Using Microfluidic Chips with Single Molecule Sensitivity for the Detection of Infectious Diseases
Amount £277,094 (GBP)
Funding ID P31601 
Organisation Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) 
Department Biomedical Research Council
Sector Academic/University
Country Singapore
Start 07/2010 
End 01/2013
 
Description Collaboration with Tsinghua University
Amount £22,500 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/K503381/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2012 
End 03/2013
 
Description Collaboration with Tsinghua University
Amount £22,500 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/K503381/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2012 
End 03/2013
 
Description Collaboration with Tsinghua University
Amount £22,500 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/K503381/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2012 
End 03/2013
 
Description Detection of binding and geometry determination of drug-protein interactions in a kinase binding site from EVV 2DIR Data
Amount £500,000 (GBP)
Funding ID 1373757 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2012 
End 09/2016
 
Description Detection of binding and geometry determination of drug-protein interactions in a kinase binding site from EVV 2DIR Data
Amount £500,000 (GBP)
Funding ID 1373757 
Organisation AstraZeneca 
Sector Private
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2012 
End 09/2016
 
Description Detection of binding and geometry determination of drug-protein interactions in a kinase binding site from EVV 2DIR Data
Amount £500,000 (GBP)
Funding ID 1373757 
Organisation AstraZeneca 
Sector Private
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2012 
End 09/2016
 
Description Diagnosing Cancer one Cell at a Time with Single Molecule Spectroscopy
Amount £132,578 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/F500416/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2012 
End 09/2016
 
Description Elements of a Vesicle Machine
Amount £201,409 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/H024425/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2010 
End 03/2011
 
Description GATA Protein Complexes in Stem Cell Development
Amount £100,000 (GBP)
Funding ID RE/08/002 
Organisation British Heart Foundation (BHF) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2010 
End 09/2013
 
Description GATA Protein Complexes in Stem Cell Development
Amount £100,000 (GBP)
Funding ID RE/08/002 
Organisation British Heart Foundation (BHF) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2010 
End 09/2013
 
Description Membrane Biophysics Platform
Amount £1,356,571 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/G00465X/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 02/2009 
End 01/2014
 
Description Next Generation Analytical Tools: Application to Protein Oxidations that affect Human Health and Wellbeing
Amount £3,885,167 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/I017887/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 08/2011 
End 02/2016
 
Description Novel Tools for Single Cell Manipulation
Amount £101,750 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/I031561/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 07/2011 
End 08/2012
 
Description Optical Control of Emulsion Drops for Nanofluidics and Microfabrication
Amount £1,624,366 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/I013377/1, EP/I013237/1, EP/I013342/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2011 
End 03/2015
 
Description Phosphorylation regulation of protein association using coherent two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy
Amount £100,000 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/F500416/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2009 
End 09/2013
 
Description Sculpting Dynamic Amphiphilic Structures
Amount £4,772,920 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/J017566/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 05/2012 
End 05/2017
 
Description Single Cell Proteomics for Studying Circulating Tumour Cells and Monitor Disease Progression on Breast Cancer Patients
Amount £157,773 (GBP)
Funding ID PIEF-GA-2011-302649 CTCPROTEOMIC 
Organisation European Commission 
Sector Public
Country European Union (EU)
Start 08/2012 
End 09/2014
 
Description Single Cell Proteomics for Studying Circulating Tumour Cells and Monitor Disease Progression on Breast Cancer Patients
Amount £157,773 (GBP)
Funding ID PIEF-GA-2011-302649 CTCPROTEOMIC 
Organisation European Commission 
Sector Public
Country European Union (EU)
Start 08/2012 
End 09/2014
 
Description Single cell analysis
Amount £3,500 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/I037172/1 and EP/I037210/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 06/2012 
End 03/2013
 
Description The MAPK interactome and its role in hypertrophic responses studied by single cell proteomics
Amount £100,000 (GBP)
Funding ID RE/08/002 
Organisation British Heart Foundation (BHF) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2010 
End 09/2014
 
Description The MAPK interactome and its role in hypertrophic responses studied by single cell proteomics
Amount £100,000 (GBP)
Funding ID RE/08/002 
Organisation British Heart Foundation (BHF) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2010 
End 09/2014
 
Title Chip surface passivation protocols 
Description To limit the amount of non-specific binding to surface to maintain sensitivity silane, PEG and 3D polymer based surface chemistry was investigated. It was determined that silane based chemistry is appropriate for DNA assays whereas PEG based chemistries are better suited for protein assays. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact These passivated slides are required for use with the MAC chip platform a vital part of the Proxomics project. 
 
Title DNA capture probes 
Description DNA capture probes for unamplified single cell mRNA detection of GFP and p53 
Type Of Material Cell line 
Provided To Others? No  
 
Title Microfluidic Antibody Capture Chips 
Description Designed and built microfluidic antibody capture chips, an all optical platform for the quantification of protein in single cells. Cells are loaded into these devices, transported to analysis chambers using an optical trap and then ruptured with the use of a high powered optical lysis laser. The intracellular contents are then quantified by the use of a miniaturized ELISA format. Proteins bind to antibodies on the surface of the device and a secondary fluorescent antibody, present in solution completes the sandwich system. Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is then used to detect and count the amount of protein that has bound to the antibody spot. 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact The use of MAC chips dominates an entire work stream in the Proxomics project and has resulted in a number of publications. 
 
Title Microfluidic antibody capture (MAC) chip design 
Description A microfluidic antibody capture chip was designed to allow to isolation of single cells from a population, their subsequent lysis and binding of a protein or proteins of interest to an antibody patch. Separate designs for the isolation of single, few (1-5) and many (10-100) cells from flow were also made. 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact MAC chips dominate an entire workstream of the proxomics project and have resulted in a number of publications. 
 
Title Microfluidic chips design for handling Smart Droplet Microtools and cells 
Description Microfluidic chips design for handling Smart Droplet Microtools and cells 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Smart Droplet microtools and the associated platform have led to the publication of several papers. 
 
Title PTEN antibody Cell lines 
Description Production of hybridoma cell lines with EMBL antibody facility, Monoterotondo, Italy (GST-PTEN Hybridoma 10D9/C8, GST-PTEN Hybridoma 4F7/B3 and GST-PTEN Hybridoma 10D9/G4). 
Type Of Material Cell line 
Provided To Others? No  
 
Title Protocols for cell handling onto chips 
Description Cells were detached from flasks using gentle tryptic agents and filtered using a nylon mesh. Cells are suspended in media using a CO2 independent buffer. Cells are delivered via capillary tubing. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Cells are used in microfluidic devices for both the MAC chip and SDM platforms both of which have resulted in publications 
 
Title SAWN LC/MS 
Description Combination of the SAW nebulsation with mass spectroscopy for a more gentle sample prep 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Year Produced 2012 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact The technique may potential be used in standard proteomic mass spectroscopy work flows where electrospray is deemed unsuitable 
 
Title Screening and development of microfluidic-chip compatible antibody reagents 
Description Screening and development of microfluidic-chip compatible antibody reagents for detection and quantification of proteins on the ATK network axis for single cell studies. [AKT, PTEN, p53, MDM2, MAP4K4, GATA, ER]. 
Type Of Material Antibody 
Provided To Others? No  
 
Title Single Cell Antibody printing 
Description All antibodies were printed by an OmniGrid Micro microarrayer (Digilab, UK) using 946MP2 pins (ArrayIt, USA). Spotting solution was optimised for DNA, antibody, protein or cell-lysate printing. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Antibody printing is a vital step in the MAC chip platform. This platform is a vital part of the proxomics project and has resulted in a number of publications. 
 
Title Single Cell Trapping array 
Description A microfluidic device optimised for capturing cells in an array for subsequent single cell analysis 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Will be of interest in the field of microfluidics and single cell analysis. Poster describing the method was shortlisted for poster prize at Microfluidics 2014 conference 
 
Title Sorting of Low Abundance Cells from Small Clinical Samples for downstream single cell analysis 
Description We have shown that it is possible to use the laser trap in combination with surface markers to select cells of interest from a heterogeneous mix. The cells are selected by type and then moved into the analysis section of the MAC chip for assessment of their signalling status as read out by protein copy number and PTM condition. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2016 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact We are now in a position to demonstrate the utility of this approach in clinical contexts. A pilot project with ICR has been completed and a paper submitted and is under review. Two other projects are underway, one with NHLI/Brompton Hospital on COPD and another with Kings College on the activation status of immune cells in human tumours. 
 
Title Surface Acoustic Wave Nebulisation 
Description A novel form of biological molecule ionisation for mass spectrometric analyses. Has the potential to supplement existing methods in specialised applications 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Year Produced 2012 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Enabled the investigation of fragile molecules and hopefully allow larger fragments to be analysed via Mass Spec 
 
Title TIRF-FLIM system 
Description Combined total internal reflection fluorescence lifetime imaging system for improved resolution to conventional fluorescence lifetime imaging techniques 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Enhanced the capabilities of standard fluorescence lifetime imaging through improved axial resolution. Technology is of particular use for investigations of dynamics in biological membranes. 
 
Title Validated existing antibodies 
Description Validated existing antibodies for protein targets including AKT, GSK-3beta, 14-3-3 beta/alpha, Bad, Chk1, IKK-a, p27 (Kipl), Raf, S6 Ribosomal Protein, L26 Ribosomal Protein, S3 Ribosomal Protein, PTEN, p53, MDM2, Cytokeratins (8,18, 19), GFP, EPCAM, SOX17, Brachyury, Estrogen Receptor alpha, MAP4K4, GATA, ER. 
Type Of Material Cell line 
Provided To Others? No  
 
Title 2DIR spectra analysis for proteins/peptides comparison and quantification 
Description 2DIR spectra analysis for proteins/peptides comparison and quantification 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2008 
Provided To Others? No  
 
Title Cube-integral method for structural determination with EVV 2DIR spectroscopy 
Description A new computational approach based on full electrostatic interactions between first-principle transition density cubes. It has been applied to accurate geometry determination from experimental EVV 2DIR spectra. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2012 
Provided To Others? No  
 
Title Hologram generation in GLSL (on the GPU) 
Description Hologram generation in GLSL (on the GPU) 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2012 
Provided To Others? No  
 
Title MD trajectory of wide-type Trp-cage, and liquid molecular complexes 
Description MD trajectory of wide-type Trp-cage, and liquid molecular complexes to understand the aromatic-aromatic interaction. H2 bonding calculations on tyrosine, tryptophan. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2012 
Provided To Others? No  
 
Description Dr Alex Breeze 
Organisation AstraZeneca
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Dr Alex Breeze is a supervisor of a joint student funded by AstraZeneca and Centre for Doctoral Training in Chemical Biology. Project is 'Detection of binding and geometry determination of drug-protein interactions in a kinase binding site from EVV 2DIR Data'.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Dr Alex Lubansky 
Organisation University of Oxford
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Alex Lubansky is a collaborator and a co-I on the grant 'Optical Control of Emulsion Drops for Nanofluidics and Microfabrication'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Dr Andy Thomas 
Organisation AstraZeneca
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Dr Andy Thomas is a supervisor of a joint student funded by AstraZeneca and Centre for Doctoral Training in Chemical Biology. Project is 'Protein-protein interactions in cancer studied by femtosecond laser analogues of 2D NMR'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Dr Andy Ward 
Organisation STFC Laboratories
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Dr Andy Ward, STFC Laboratories, is a collaborator and a co-I on the grant 'Optical Control of Emulsion Drops for Nanofluidics and Microfabrication'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Dr Annette Jepson 
Organisation Imperial College London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Annette Jepson is a co-I on the Biomedical Research Council (BRC) grant: 'Clinical Demonstration of Point of Care Diagnostics Using Microfluidic Chips with Single Molecule Sensitivity for the Detection of Infectious Diseases'.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Dr Buddhapriya Chakrabarti 
Organisation Durham University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Buddhapriya Chakrabarti is a collaborator and a co-I on the grant 'Optical Control of Emulsion Drops for Nanofluidics and Microfabrication'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Dr Corinne Spickett 
Organisation Aston University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Corinne Spickett is a collaborator and co-I on the grant 'Next Generation Analytical Tools: Application to Protein Oxidations that affect Human Health and Wellbeing'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Dr David Tew 
Organisation GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)
Department Research and Development GSK
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Dr David Tew is a collaborator at GSK. The collaboration uses the Microfluidic Antibody Capture (MAC) chip technology for miniaturised drug screens using human primary cells/tissue.
Start Year 2013
 
Description Dr Gordon Love 
Organisation Durham University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Gordon Love is a collaborator and a co-I on the grant 'Optical Control of Emulsion Drops for Nanofluidics and Microfabrication'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Dr Graham Taylor 
Organisation Imperial College London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Graham Taylor is a co-I on the Biomedical Research Council (BRC) grant: 'Clinical Demonstration of Point of Care Diagnostics Using Microfluidic Chips with Single Molecule Sensitivity for the Detection of Infectious Diseases'
Start Year 2010
 
Description Dr John Sanderson 
Organisation Durham University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr John Sanderson is a collaborator and co-I on grant 'Sculpting Dynamic Amphiphilic Structures'.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Dr Lian Hutchings 
Organisation Durham University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Lian Hutchings is a collaborator and a co-I on the grant 'Optical Control of Emulsion Drops for Nanofluidics and Microfabrication'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Dr Panagiotis Pantelidis 
Organisation Imperial College London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Panagiotis Pantelidis is a co-I on the Biomedical Research Council (BRC) grant: 'Clinical Demonstration of Point of Care Diagnostics Using Microfluidic Chips with Single Molecule Sensitivity for the Detection of Infectious Diseases'.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Dr Peter Kelleher 
Organisation Imperial College London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Peter Kelleher is a co-I on the Biomedical Research Council (BRC) grant: 'Clinical Demonstration of Point of Care Diagnostics Using Microfluidic Chips with Single Molecule Sensitivity for the Detection of Infectious Diseases'.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Dr Pietro Cicuta 
Organisation University of Cambridge
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Pietro Cicuta is a collaborator and co-I on grant 'Sculpting Dynamic Amphiphilic Structures'.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Dr Simon Connell 
Organisation University of Leeds
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr Simon Connell is a collaborator and co-I on grant 'Sculpting Dynamic Amphiphilic Structures'.
Start Year 2012
 
Description NanoInk 
Organisation Nanoink
Country United States 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution The collaboration was a short project to determine whether their dip-pen nanolithography platform would be useful in our single cell research. The instrument we tested over the course of 6 weeks was capable of printing <15micron diameter antibody spots compared to our 100micron diameter 'conventional' spots. It was concluded that the spots would enable a significant reduction in assay volume which could significantly benefit the project going forward.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Oxford Gene Technology 
Organisation Oxford Gene Technology
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Knowledge exchange on single cell proteomics technology with Oxford Gene Technology.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Professor Andy Pitt 
Organisation Aston University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Andy Pitt is a collaborator and co-I on the grant 'Next Generation Analytical Tools: Application to Protein Oxidations that affect Human Health and Wellbeing'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Professor Colin Bain 
Organisation Durham University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Colin Bain is a collaborator and a co-I on the grant 'Optical Control of Emulsion Drops for Nanofluidics and Microfabrication'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Professor Jon Cooper 
Organisation University of Glasgow
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Jon Cooper is a collaborator and co-I on the grant 'Next Generation Analytical Tools: Application to Protein Oxidations that affect Human Health and Wellbeing'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Professor Michael Stumpf 
Organisation Imperial College London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Michael Stumpf is a collaborator on the grant 'Cellular Information Processing and Decision Making from Noise to Robust Phenotypes'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Professor Mustafa Khammash 
Organisation University of California
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Mustafa Khammash is a collaborator and a co-I on grant 'Cellular Information Processing and Decision Making from Noise to Robust Phenotypes'.
Start Year 2011
 
Description Professor Nigel Saunders 
Organisation Brunel University London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Nigel Saunders is a collaborator on the Biomedical Research Council (BRC) grant: 'Clinical Demonstration of Point of Care Diagnostics Using Microfluidic Chips with Single Molecule Sensitivity for the Detection of Infectious Diseases'.
Start Year 2010
 
Description Professor Paul O?Shea 
Organisation University of Nottingham
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Paul O?Shea is a collaborator and co-I on grant 'Sculpting Dynamic Amphiphilic Structures'.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Professor Peter Olmsted 
Organisation University of Leeds
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Peter Olmsted is a collaborator and co-I on grant 'Sculpting Dynamic Amphiphilic Structures'.
Start Year 2012
 
Description Professor Shinya Kuroda 
Organisation University of Tokyo
Country Japan 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Shinya Kuroda is a collaborator and a co-I on grant 'Cellular Information Processing and Decision Making from Noise to Robust Phenotypes'.
Start Year 2011
 
Title 2DIR spectrometer 
Description Construction of 2DIR Spectrometer and applying it to the detection of oxidized protein side chains. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
Year Produced 2011 
Impact 2DIR has been able to successfully detect oxidised forms of proteins and this has lead to publication. 
 
Title A novel application of a FRET probe available from Invitrogen 
Description A novel application of a FRET probe available from Invitrogen (Red/Green Bodipy phosphatidylcholine) has been tested. The probe was designed by the manufacturer to measure phospholipase activity. We incorporated this probe in live cell and model membranes and we demonstrated it can be applied to measure the lateral pressure in lipid bilayers. 
Type Of Technology Systems, Materials & Instrumental Engineering 
 
Title Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) 
Description Parameter inference algorithm for stochastic simulations 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2013 
Impact Use of this algorithm has lead to a collaboration with other academics within Imperial college with the work hopefully leading to a joint paper. 
 
Title Automatic handling system for 2DIR samples 
Description Automatic handling system for 2DIR samples 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Automation of chip reader 
Description Automation of chip reader 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title Capture Assay Model 
Description A software that models the scaling advantages and constraints in miniaturized capture assays for single cell proteomics 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2013 
Impact Used in group to predict assay behaviour and inform assay validation 
 
Title Chip surface passivation protocols 
Description To limit the amount of non-specific binding to surface to maintain sensitivity silane, PEG and 3D polymer based surface chemistry was investigated. It was determined that silane based chemistry is appropriate for DNA assays whereas PEG based chemistries are better suited for protein assays. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
Year Produced 2011 
Impact These passivated slides are required for use with the MAC chip platform a vital part of the Proxomics project. 
 
Title Cicculating Tumour Cells (CTCs) protocols 
Description Protocols were determined to isolate CTCs from whole-blood patient samples and introduce the isolated cells into a microfluidic device for subsequent analysis. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Computational Fluid Dynamics Model of Diffusing Protein 
Description Computational Fluid Dynamics model of protein diffusing from a lysed single cell in a microfluidic chamber and subsequent binding to an antibody patch (using SimuLink/Comsol). 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title DNA printing 
Description DNA printing - Array of RNA capture DNA oligoneucleotides 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Design of disposable cell sorter chips 
Description A microfluidic cytometer was designed to sort hydro-dynamically focussed single cells. The stream of cells would pass through an optical detection stage. Cells which are fluorescently labelled trigger a downstream switch which diverts the flow of the cells into an isolated storage chamber. The sorted cells may then be measured using the single cell proteomics platform described elsewhere. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Dualbeam trapping system using steering mirrors and polarisation multiplexing 
Description Dualbeam trapping system using steering mirrors and polarisation multiplexing 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Establishment of confocal microscope and wide-field microscope 
Description Establishment of confocal microscope and wide-field microscope 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Fabrication of microfluidic processes/ microarray fabrication DNA and protein/ surface chemistry/ blocking optimisation of microarray devices 
Description Fabrication of microfluidic processes/ microarray fabrication DNA and protein/ surface chemistry/ blocking optimisation of microarray devices 
Type Of Technology Systems, Materials & Instrumental Engineering 
 
Title GLSL codes for dynamic hologram generation 
Description GLSL codes for dynamic hologram generation 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2012 
 
Title Image processing scripts for automation of routine calculations 
Description Diffusion script which calculates the time for binding to a spot in a cylindrical chamber by calculating the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the diffusion operator using appropriate boundary conditions. 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title ImageJ codes for high dynamic range single molecule counting 
Description ImageJ codes for high dynamic range single molecule counting 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title ImageJ codes to identify and count single molecules 
Description ImageJ code to identify and count single molecules in acquired TIRF images. Code is able to count in two different regimes ? low binding density where single molecules are punctate and high binding density where bound molecule number is high and single molecules overlap one another. Code is able to output binding curves. 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title LabView controls for the track reader 
Description LabView controls for the track reader 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title LabView interface for the automated Capillary Electrophoresis 
Description LabView interface for the automated Capillary Electrophoresis 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title LabView trapping system interface 
Description Labview Track Writing Stage Control Interface 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2012 
 
Title Labview Track Writing Stage Control Interface 
Description Labview Track Writing Stage Control Interface 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title Labview suite for 2DIR spectrometer full control 
Description Labview suite for 2DIR spectrometer full control 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title Laser Systems 
Description Ytterbium fibre laser at 1070nm was used for optical trapping of single cells. Nd:YAG short pulsed laser was used to set up a cavitation bubble within a microfluidic chamber to lyse a single cell. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Microfluidic Antibody Capture Chips 
Description Designed and built microfluidic antibody capture chips, an all optical platform for the quantification of protein in single cells. Cells are loaded into these devices, transported to analysis chambers using an optical trap and then ruptured with the use of a high powered optical lysis laser. The intracellular contents are then quantified by the use of a miniaturized ELISA format. Proteins bind to antibodies on the surface of the device and a secondary fluorescent antibody, present in solution completes the sandwich system. Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is then used to detect and count the amount of protein that has bound to the antibody spot. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
Year Produced 2011 
Impact The use of MAC chips dominates an entire work stream in the Proxomics project and has resulted in a number of publications. 
 
Title Microfluidic antibody capture (MAC) chip design 
Description A microfluidic antibody capture chip was designed to allow to isolation of single cells from a population, their subsequent lysis and binding of a protein or proteins of interest to an antibody patch. Separate designs for the isolation of single, few (1-5) and many (10-100) cells from flow were also made. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
Year Produced 2011 
Impact MAC chips dominate an entire workstream of the proxomics project and have resulted in a number of publications. 
 
Title Microfluidic chips design for handling Smart Droplet Microtools and cells 
Description Microfluidic chips design for handling Smart Droplet Microtools and cells 
Type Of Technology Systems, Materials & Instrumental Engineering 
Year Produced 2011 
Impact Smart Droplet microtools and the associated platform have led to the publication of several papers. 
 
Title Microfluidic structures for handling SDMs and Single cells with traps 
Description Microfluidic structures for handling SDMs and Single cells with traps. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Microfluidics Platform 
Description Designed and built microfluidics platform 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Multibeam time multiplex holographic trapping system 
Description Multibeam time multiplex holographic trapping system (using spatial light modulator). 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Nanodigestion 
Description Fabrication of SDMs and technologies for single cell biopsies (nanodigestion). 
Type Of Technology Systems, Materials & Instrumental Engineering 
 
Title Plasmids tagging VHR with HA and Flag 
Description Plasmids pcDNA-3.1-Flag-VHR and pcDNA-3.1-HA-VHR, to express N-terminal tagged VHR. 
Type Of Technology New Material/Compound 
Year Produced 2014 
Impact Enabled tagged VHR to be expressed in cell lines and detected using different antibodies 
 
Title Protocols for CE and sample deposition 
Description Protocols for CE and sample deposition with non-tapered ultrathin capillaries 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Protocols for cell handling onto chips 
Description Cells were detached from flasks using gentle tryptic agents and filtered using a nylon mesh. Cells are suspended in media using a CO2 independent buffer. Cells are delivered via capillary tubing. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
Year Produced 2011 
Impact Cells are used in microfluidic devices for both the MAC chip and SDM platforms both of which have resulted in publications 
 
Title Protocols for protein deposition 
Description Protocols for protein deposition with tapered capillary and low voltages/low pressure (improved technique). 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Recasting of existing database for 2DIR 
Description Algorithm for protein identification based upon amino acid composition. 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2008 
 
Title Reflection/transmission optical setup for 2DIR spectrometer 
Description Reflection/transmission optical setup for 2DIR spectrometer 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Single Cell Analysis MATLAB code to calculate binding times 
Description The single molecule scripts were used to count molecules in sequences of antibody spot images under bleaching conditions. This is done with simple thresholding of connected components using built-in MATLAB image processing routines. Also included are the functions for fitting single molecules to gaussians which gave comparable results but for much more computation. 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title Single Cell Analysis MATLAB code to identify and count single molecules 
Description Matlab code to identify and count single molecules in acquired TIRF images. Code is able to count in two different regimes ? low binding density where single molecules are punctate and high binding density where bound molecule number is high and single molecules overlap one another. Code is able to output binding curves. 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title Single Cell Analysis software 
Description Algorithm for Single cell trapping and laser lysis 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2011 
 
Title Single Cell Antibody printing 
Description All antibodies were printed by an OmniGrid Micro microarrayer (Digilab, UK) using 946MP2 pins (ArrayIt, USA). Spotting solution was optimised for DNA, antibody, protein or cell-lysate printing. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
Year Produced 2011 
Impact Antibody printing is a vital step in the MAC chip platform. This platform is a vital part of the proxomics project and has resulted in a number of publications. 
 
Title Single Cell lysis protocols 
Description A technique using a short pulsed laser is employed to lyse single cells. Through a series of physical processes a cavitation bubble expands from the focal point of the laser. The shearing forces experienced by the cell placed approximately 10_m away disrupts the cell and liberates intracellular constituents for analysis. It has been demonstrated that the cell may be fully (all membranes ruptured including nuclear membrane) or partially (only plasma membrane ruptured preserving the nucleus intact) lysed. The optical lysis process is extremely fast whereby the cell is disrupted within a few microseconds. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
Year Produced 2011 
Impact Optical lysis is a vital part of the Microfluidic antibody capture platform which has resulted in a number of publications. 
 
Title TIRF-FLIM system 
Description Combined total internal reflection fluorescence lifetime imaging system for improved resolution to conventional fluorescence lifetime imaging techniques 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
Year Produced 2014 
Impact Enhanced the capabilities of standard fluorescence lifetime imaging through improved axial resolution. Technology is of particular use for investigations of dynamics in biological membranes. 
 
Title Time multiplex multibeam holographic trapping system 
Description Time multiplex multibeam holographic trapping system with better holograms and algorithms. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Track Reader 
Description A custom-built UV-based detection platform was constructed to image CE-separated proteins which were depositied into tracks on a metal substrate. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Track writing 
Description Merger of track writing and antibody detection technology. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Two Single molecule microscope systems 
Description Developed a generic platform to undertake the analysis of protein copy number from single cells with single molecule resolution. The system is based upon a widefield total internal fluorescence microscope and sensitive EMCCD camera . 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Title Two versions of Proteome-on-a chip system 
Description One version was fully automated, which is not common with prototypes of separation equipment. 
Type Of Technology New/Improved Technique/Technology 
 
Description A Career in Chemistry: 'Star Trek Tractor Beams: no longer science friction'. Chemistry Student Interest and Revision Day, Imperial College London 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Primary Audience
Results and Impact A Career in Chemistry: 'Star Trek Tractor Beams: no longer science friction'. Chemistry Student Interest and Revision Day, Imperial College London, 25 November 2010.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2010
 
Description Doctoral Training Centre Den Style Competition 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Two SCP students, Joe Kaplinsky and Ali Salehi-Reyhani, along with another Institute of Chemical Biology student, Duncan Casey, won the first prize in a Dragons' Den style competition showcasing student entrepreneurship. Four teams of PhD students competed for £20,000 business development money in a Dragons' Den style competition this week, digitally compered by Evan Davis, host of the BBC programme Dragons' Den.

http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_2-7-2010-13-25-51



Podcast with Evan Davis, Dragons' Den -http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/media/podcasts/magazinepodcasts2010.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2010
URL http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_2-7-2010-13-25-51
 
Description Front cover image of Biomedical optics Express 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Front cover image of Biomedical optics Express (July 2012, Vol. 3, Issue 7)

http://www.opticsinfobase.org/boe/issue.cfm
.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012
URL http://www.opticsinfobase.org/boe/issue.cfm
 
Description Front cover image of Journal of The Royal Society Interface Focus 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Front cover image of Journal of The Royal Society Interface Focus (6 October 2008, 5, Suppl 2)

Smart droplet microtools: a new toolkit for single-cell analysis.

http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/5/Suppl_2.cover-expansion
.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2008
URL http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/5/Suppl_2.cover-expansion
 
Description Front cover of July 1 Biomedical Optics Express 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Front cover of July 1 Biomedical Optics Express. Also, on spotlights page: http://www.opticsinfobase.org/spotlight/.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012
URL http://www.opticsinfobase.org/spotlight/
 
Description Imperial College Twitter Initiative 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Imperial College Twitter Initiative - 17 June 2011, - Aidan Brown - Describing single Molecule Experiment http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/interact/dayinthelife.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2011
URL http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/interact/dayinthelife
 
Description Inaugural Lecture 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Primary Audience Participants in your research or patient groups
Results and Impact Programmable Light, Inaugural Lecture, Imperial College London, 23 May 2012 http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/eventssummary/event_19-4-2012-13-43-23.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012
URL http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/eventssummary/event_19-4-2012-13-43-23
 
Description Institute of Cancer Research News, start of SCP project, 2007 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Institute of Cancer Research News, start of SCP project, 2007 News article.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2007
URL http://www.ieu.icr.ac.uk/about_us/history/history6.htm
 
Description Interviews on research paper: Protein Identification and Quantification by Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy: Implications for An All-Optical Proteomic Platform 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Interviewed by ACS Analytical Chemistry, Bio Optics World, Genome Technology, Journal of Proteome Research, Laser Focus World, Nature Methods, ProteoMonitor for feature article on research paper:

Protein Identification and Quantification by Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy: Implications for An All-Optical Proteomic Platform. PNAS 2008, 105(40),15352-15357.



ACS Analytical Chemistry, 20 November 2008 (DK)

An optical view of proteomics

http://pubs.acs.org/action/showStoryContent?doi=10.1021/on.2008.11.18.171784&



BioOptics World, 6 October 2008 (DK, KW)

2DIR imaging technique basis for future single-cell protein analysis tool

http://www.bioopticsworld.com/articles/2008/10/2dir-imaging-technique-basis-for-future-single-cell-protein-analysis-tool.html



Genome Technology, November 2008 (DK)

Seeing Proteins with Optical Spectroscopy

http://cdnwww.genomeweb.com/seeing-proteins-optical-spectroscopy



Imperial College London, 22 September 2008 (DK)

New technology paves the way for the future of identifying proteins inside cells (DK)

http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_23-9-2008-15-56-2?newsid=44554.

http://www.genomeweb.com/proteomics/no-optical-illusion-uk-researchers-developing-new-proteomics-platform



http://www.icr.ac.uk/press/press_archive/press_releases_2008/10090.shtml



http://www.scientistsolutions.com/t6940-new+technology+paves+way+for+identifying+proteins+within+single+cells.html
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2008
URL http://www.laserfocusworld.com/articles/print/volume-44/issue-11/world-news/spectroscopy-two-dimensi...
 
Description RSC Highlights in Chemical Biology 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience
Results and Impact RSC Highlights in Chemical Biology, Plucking proteins from single cells, 28 January 2009.

http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/cb/Volume/2009/3/plucking_proteins_from_single_cells.asp

Highlighting Lab on a Chip paper:

Lanigan P.M.P., Ninkovic T., Chan K., French P.M.W., de Mello A.J., Willison K.R., Parker P.J., Klug D.R., Templer R.H., Neil M.A.A., Ces O. A Microfluidic Platform for Probing Single Cell Plasma Membranes Using Optically Trapped Smart Droplet Microtools (SDMs). Lab on a Chip (Lab Chip, 2009, 9, 1096-1101)
.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2009
URL http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/Journals/cb/Volume/2009/3/plucking_proteins_from_single_cells.asp
 
Description Single Cell Analysis. Chemistry Open Day for GCSE and A-Level students 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Single Cell Analysis. Chemistry Open Day for GCSE and A-Level students, 24 June 2010.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2010
 
Description Single Cell Analysis. London Oratory School 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Single Cell Analysis. London Oratory School, London, November 2009.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2009
 
Description Star Trek Tractor Beams no longer science friction. Chemistry Taster Day 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Primary Audience
Results and Impact Star Trek Tractor Beams no longer science friction. Chemistry Taster Day.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2012