High temperature In-situ Monitoring of Power Station Steels using Electromagnetic Sensors - POWEREMS
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Birmingham
Department Name: Metallurgy and Materials
Abstract
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Publications
A.J. Peyton (Author)
(2013)
EM Inspection of Microstructure During Hot Processing: the Journey from First Principles to Plant
Balamurugan S
(2013)
Prediction of interlamellar pearlite spacing of tyre bead wires after patenting using electromagnetic techniques
in Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring
Davis C
(2013)
Overview of non-destructive evaluation of steel microstructures using multifrequency electromagnetic sensors
in Ironmaking & Steelmaking
Karimian N
(2013)
Magnetic sensing for microstructural assessment of power station steels: Differential permeability and magnetic hysteresis
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Karimian N
(2014)
Differential permeability behaviour of P9 and T22 power station Steels
in Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Karimian N.
(2013)
Assessment of electromagnetic properties of power station steels for lifetime extension
in 52nd Annual Conference of the British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing 2013, NDT 2013
| Description | 1. Electromagnetic (EM) sensors are sensitive to relatively small microstructural changes in steels during service at high temperatures. 2. Quantitative relationships between individual microstructural parameters e.g. grain size, phase balance and electromagnetic properties of steels have been established, which provides guidance for prediction / evaluation of microstructures from EM sensor signals. 3. Quantitative relationships between EM properties and EM sensor signals of steels through experimental measurements and finite element modelling. 4. Determinant microstructural features to electromagnetic properties of steels of complex microstructures have been identified, which enables interpretation of EM sensor signals into specific microstructural feature changes. 5. Fundamental evidence based on magnetic domain theory and direct observation of interaction between microstructural features and magnetic domain wall movements in applied magnetic fields has been found to support the above findings and provide theoretical basis for further development / improvements of EM sensors. 6. Qualitative correlation between various microstructural features and magnetic properties has been established, which enables selective evaluation of different microstructural features of interests using EM sensors in different applied fields. |
| Exploitation Route | Commercialisation of EM sensor for evaluation of microstructural changes in steels. |
| Sectors | Energy |
| Description | The results have been used in interpreting the EM signal from pipeline samples and developing a technique that can distinguish between correctly and incorrectly heat treated material. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2013 |
| Sector | Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology |
| Impact Types | Economic |
| Title | Computation for Relative Permeability Values |
| Description | A code was developed for fitting experimentally measured EM sensor signals with the finite element modelled data to obtain optimised relative permeability of steels. |
| Type Of Material | Computer model/algorithm |
| Year Produced | 2011 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | The model has become an established technique for determining relative permeability values from EM sensor measurement and modelling and plays an important role in a number of PhD, EPSRC and industrial funded projects I have been supervising or leading. Many publications out of these projects have used this technique to generate data. |
| Title | Finite Element Models for EM Sensors |
| Description | 1. 2D finite element (FE) model (on Comsol Multiphyics) for modelling of signal output of cylindrical EM sensors 2. 3D FE models for modelling of signal output of H-shaped EM sensors |
| Type Of Material | Computer model/algorithm |
| Year Produced | 2013 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | These models have been used and / or modified in a number of PhD projects and industrial funded projects within the group enabling modelling work to be delivered. This has become an established method for the group to look at EM sensor performance and to aid the design of bespoke EM sensors. These models play a major role in the computation tool for determining relative permeability values from experimental measurements and modelling. |
| Title | Electromagnetic sensors |
| Description | In-house EM sensors were fabricated including cylindrical, H-shaped sensors and ruggedised sensor for high-temperature measurement |
| Type Of Technology | Physical Model/Kit |
| Title | Modified Optical Microscope and Domain Wall Movement Observation Kit |
| Description | An optical microscope was modified with high-speed camera attachment to record magnetic domain wall movement in applied magnetic fields. A in-house sample holder and field generator was designed and made for the experiments. |
| Type Of Technology | New/Improved Technique/Technology |