Residential Electricity Demand: Peaks, Sequences of Activities and Markov chains (REDPeAk)

Lead Research Organisation: University of Reading
Department Name: Built Environment

Abstract

Peak electricity demand is becoming an increasingly significant problem for UK networks as it causes imbalances between demand and supply with negative impacts on system costs and the environment. The residential sector is responsible for about one third of overall electricity demand (DECC, 2013). During peak demand, electricity prices in wholesale markets could fluctuate from less than 0.04 Euros/kWh to as much as 0.35 Euros/kWh (Torriti, 2015). In the future the peak problem is expected to worsen due to the integration of intermittent renewables in the supply mix as well as high penetration of electric vehicles and electric heat pumps. Understanding what constitutes peaks and identifying areas of effective load shifting intervention becomes vital to the balancing of demand and supply of electricity. Whilst there is information about the aggregate level of consumption of electricity, little is known about residential peak demand and what levels of flexibility might be available. REDPeak will fill this gap.

The overall aim of REDPeak is to analyse the variation in sequences of activities taking place at times of peak electricity demand with a view to identify clusters of users which might provide flexibility for peak shifting intervention.

The project will analyse 10-minute resolution time use activity data from the UK Office for National Statistics Time Use Survey with a view to derive information about occupancy and synchronisation of activities. Markov chains will be used to model load profiles in combination with appliance-specific parameter data. Since Markov chains have proven effective at generating electricity load profiles except for peak times, REDPeak will develop Hybrid Monte Carlo modelling to account for demand moving in larger steps during peak periods. Sequence analysis will be used to mine activities at periods of peak electricity demand. REDPeak will cluster respondents according to sequences of activities and analyse to what extent appliance-specific control variables explain activities at specific times of the day. Three datasets will be used for direct validation between metered data and time use data. Findings on sequence analysis will feed into algorithms for automated demand management or Demand Side Response.

Planned Impact

This Impact Summary describes who potential beneficiaries might be, and how REDPeak might impact them.

- Energy Service Companies and specifically energy aggregators (beneficiaries, direct impact) will be provided with an empirical framework which informs about Demand Side Response (DSR) investment options in the residential electricity market. From the findings of the proposed project they will be able to make informed decisions about levels of investment for different segments of demand (based on flexibility indices). An expansion of the DSR market for residential customers will open competition to leading aggregators companies from the U.S. and elsewhere in Europe.

-Residential electricity consumers (beneficiaries, indirect impact) will be able to choose from lower tariffs thanks to a whole range of price-based DSR (from dynamic pricing to time-of-use tariffs to regulatory incentives on reward schemes) which will be recommended as a result of the study. The results of the study will indicate which DSR programmes will suit different clusters of households based on their time-use flexibility. This will be informed by an innovative form of segmentation of end-users for peak shifting purposes.

-If the project stimulates higher penetration of DSR in the UK, then energy suppliers (beneficiaries, indirect impact) may benefit from increases in conservation and shedding, which will prevent costs of additional generation for peak loads and will increase absolute demand for microgeneration renewables across the electricity market.

-Policy-makers (users, indirect impact) may find the findings of the model useful as part of any evidence-based approach to regulating DSR. For instance, findings will highlight policies facilitating different types of DSR activities for the residential sector. In cases where variations in occupancy during peak periods are very high, the priority is the harmonization of domestic appliances through so-called 'smart appliance' solutions. In cases where variations in occupancy are very low during peak periods, national regulators might consider incentive-based forms of DSR, where consumers who receive peak signals through smart meters are rewarded (or penalised) based on their response. In cases where variations in occupancy during off-peak periods are low, it might be possible to facilitate market entrance of discrete demand controllers which determine, for instance, the levels of consumption for heating services. Where variations in occupancy during off-peak periods are high, time of use programmes might be the most adequate form of DSR.

-UK manufacturers (beneficiaries, indirect impact) who provide technological devices for DSR equipment might experience increases in demand as the study points out new market geographies for the application of DSR devices in an integrated smart grid. These manufacturers can be classified as follows:

-The smart metering industry, which at the time of writing this project proposal is often acting through large public projects for the national roll-out of smart meters would experience higher competition. The project results will draw attention to areas specific smart metering functions (e.g. peak signals, price signals, distribution LV network congestion signals), emphasising new needs which a more competitive smart metering industry will be able to address.

-Other manufacturers include smart plug companies, frequency controllers' companies, software providers for automated demand side controllers, etc.
 
Description The project provides information with regards to what constitutes peak electricity demand. Findings show which sequences of activities are central to everyday life and how non-energy policy changes may affect the timing of electricity consumption in the home.
Exploitation Route -demand side flexibility policies by energy regulators
-algorithms and methodologies for demand side flexibility automation
Sectors Energy

URL https://research.reading.ac.uk/redpeak/
 
Description The challenge of moving to low carbon generation is that the variability of electricity supply increases. This is because key technologies depend on both weather and daily and annual cycles. The general view in government and industry is that a more flexible system is required (see BEIS and Ofgem (2017), Upgrading our energy system: Smart systems and flexibility plan). Demand flexibility will need to play a vital role in the establishment of a stable electricity system grid as existing approaches to grid balancing are considered inadequate. DSR allows industry and commercial consumers to adapt by increasing or decreasing the volume and timing of their respective demand consumption. The research at the University of Reading has defined the potential contribution (including costs and benefits) to demand-side flexibility by different sectors of the economy and informed the UK government's decision (2014) to include DSR in the Capacity Market. In the residential sector, the research has looked at the impact of Time-of-Use tariffs on demand and supply across different demographic groups; this has underpinned regulatory reform, which provides greater flexibility and potential cost savings to domestic end-users. While policies and regulations in the energy and climate change domains previously emphasised the need to reduce energy consumption through efficiency measures, they did not, prior to the Reading work, integrate temporary reductions in electricity demand (that is, demand-side flexibility). This research therefore provides a means across both industry and residential sectors to prevent supply and demand imbalance, reduce costs (in the region of GBP8,000,000,000 by 2030) and move towards a net zero carbon electricity system while maintaining security of supply and efficiency of the system. Research on DSR creating Capacity Market opportunities and changing energy policy The Capacity Market is a GBP24,000,000,000 scheme through which the national government issues contracts for additional power generation and demand reductions in case of significant imbalances created by intermittent wind and solar energy, for example. The long-term research at Reading on demand-side flexibility has generated interest across government departments, the European Commission and beyond. This has resulted in invitations for Torriti to present the findings to the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC), the European Commission (Directorate-General of Energy and Directorate-General of Research) and the Energy and Climate Change Committee's inquiry on electricity demand-side measures (2014). University of Reading research [ref 2] delivered estimates of the DSR potential across sectors in the Capacity Market. The research recommended that temporal aggregation could pull together short turn-down slots across a range of clients in the telecommunications, hotel and warehouse sectors to cover a Capacity Market stress event. This facilitated the creation of market opportunities for energy aggregators, and, through the engagement activities during the REF period, a change in national policy, including the DECC decision to include DSR participation in the Capacity Market (2014) [sources 2, 7,8]. In February 2016, Torriti was invited by the DECC onto the steering group for the new DSR policy. The research [ref 2] was subsequently used to evaluate the impact DSR had had on the Capacity Market as part of the BEIS Evaluation of the Transitional Arrangements (2017). It showed that there was a very large increase in the bids for DSR contracts as part of the 2016/17 Capacity Market Auction - 1,834MW compared with the 637MW which bid in the 2015/16 auction [source 9]. More recently, Torriti has been the UK representative member of International Energy Agency Demand Side Management Technical Collaboration Group (since 2018). He is also a member of the British Standards Institution's Energy Smart Appliances (ESA) programme Strategic Advisory Group (since 2019), where his research demonstrating DSR in the residential sector has "helped guide the overall direction of the programme and supported the development of standards for the smart energy system" [Section 5, source 1]. As a result of the research which informed the policy to allow DSR to be part of the Capacity Market, several Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) (for example, Western Power Distribution and UK Power Networks) have opened up market opportunities for demand-side flexibility in the form of quarterly calls for business proposals for DSR participation. This DNO-led market is worth approximately tens of millions of pounds each year. For example Piclo, an independent marketplace for trading sustainable energy flexibility online, supported by BEIS, stated that in a 2018/19 online trial, 456MW were initially advertised by six DNOs and "the market for flexibility services is currently estimated to be worth more than £2.2b every year" [source 5]. Research on Time-of-Use tariffs underpinning regulatory reform With regard to regulatory change and the introduction of Time-of-Use tariffs, Reading research [Section 3, refs 1,3,4,5,6] has underpinned Ofgem's Market-wide Half-hourly Settlement policy reform [Section 5, source 3], which will deliver positive outcomes for consumers through lower bills, reduced environmental impact, enhanced security of supply and a better quality of service [source 3]. Specifically, the research [refs 5 and 6] demonstrating the "distributional effects across consumer groups [socio-demographic, family types] offered unique value and insight assisting the development of the case for reform which will affect all residential consumers" [source 2]. For instance, in relative terms, low-income single parents are among the groups who would benefit most (or lose least). This reform would not have been possible without Torriti's ongoing engagement with Ofgem. He has been on the Academic Panel since 2017 and played a key advisory role in the Impact Assessment for the policy reform, which was published in April 2020 citing his work on distributional effects [sources 2 and 3]. This is a key change in the way electricity pricing works. Currently, most customers are settled on a "non-half-hourly" basis using estimates of when they use electricity, based on a profile of the average consumer usage and their own meter readings (taken over weeks and months). In the words of Ofgem, "The implementation of Market-wide Half-hourly Settlement reform is a key enabler of the move to a smarter, more flexible energy system. Alongside the smart meter roll out, it will facilitate other changes to the future energy market. It has been estimated that a smart and flexible energy system could bring £17-40 billion worth of benefits by 2050 In particular, Ofgem expects Market-wide Half-hourly Settlement to incentivise suppliers to develop and offer innovative products such as Time-of-Use tariffs that help consumers to use energy flexibly in order to realise these benefits" [source 2]. The research also informed the BEIS analysis of the resultant load-shifting which would occur as a result of the Market-wide half hourly settlement reform. Impact on research investment on DSR for SMEs and domestic demand The focus of Reading research has been on the residential sector and SMEs. In a 2015 DECC "Invitation to Tender for: Analysis of current and future provision of Demand Side Response in Great Britain", it is stated: "Some of the most relevant and recent existing research we are aware of in this area includes Grunewald and Torriti, 2013" [source 10]. It has therefore impacted the UK government research agenda and investment in research and development (R&D), including the 2018 GBP102,500,000 "Prospering from the Energy Revolution Challenge", with specific pilot projects on flexibility for SMEs and the residential sector. This R&D investment decision was based on the previous 2017 BEIS report 'Realising the potential of Demand Side Response' [source 4], which directly cites the Reading research on the impact of Time-of-Use tariffs on residential electricity demand [ref 1]. On a similar scale, UKRI recognised the societal importance of demand-side flexibility by making it one of the Themes of the GBP23,000,000 Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions (CREDS), which was led by Reading (Section 3, Grant 5). In summary, previous attempts to balance electricity supply and demand have focused on the supply side. But the key challenge of renewable energy (wind, solar) is its intermittent nature, resulting in over- or under-supply at any given time. In order to facilitate cost saving in the region of GBP8,000,000,000 [source 6], the research at Reading has demonstrated the importance of approaching the problem from the demand side. In underpinning UK energy policy reform, its focus on DSR and Time-of-Use tariffs has demonstrated the capability within different sectors for flexibility in usage. This is highly significant in terms of securing a balanced supply of electricity and achieving cost and carbon savings. 3. References to the research 1. Torriti, J. (2012) 'Price-based demand side management: Assessing the impacts of time-of-use tariffs on residential electricity demand and peak shifting in Northern Italy'. Energy, 44 (1). pp. 576-583. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.05.043 2. Grunewald, P. and Torriti, J. (2013) 'Demand response from the non-domestic sector: Early UK experiences and future opportunities'. Energy Policy, 61. pp. 423-429. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.051 3. Buryk, S., Mead, D., Mourato, S. and Torriti, J. (2015) 'Investigating preferences for dynamic electricity tariffs: The effect of environmental and system benefit disclosure'. Energy Policy, 80. pp. 190-195. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2015.01.030 4. Torriti, J. (2016) Peak Energy Demand and Demand Side Response. Routledge Explorations in Environmental Studies. Routledge, Abingdon doi: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315781099 5. Yunusov, T.M. and Torriti, J. (submitted) 'Role of household activities in peak electricity demand and distributional effects of Time-of-Use tariffs'. Energy Policy. Working Paper 6. Torriti, J., & Yunusov, T. (2020). It's only a matter of time: Flexibility, activities and time of use tariffs in the United Kingdom Energy Research & Social Science, 69, 101697.
First Year Of Impact 2021
Sector Energy
Impact Types Societal

 
Description Citation in Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators policy report ''Study on the estimation of the value of lost load of electricity supply in Europe"
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
URL https://www.acer.europa.eu/en/Electricity/Infrastructure_and_network%20development/Infrastructure/Do...
 
Description Citation in Department for Business Energy & Industrial Strategy policy report ''Realising the potential of Demand Side Response"
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
URL https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/6571...
 
Description Citation in European Commission policy report 'Impact assessment study on downstream flexibility, price flexibility, demand response & smart metering'
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
Impact "Integrating renewables cost-efficiently requires flexible markets, both on the supply and demand side. The business case for a more active participation of demand is clear - demand side response alone could save our economy up to 100 Billion Euro per year To activate it we need to remove remaining obstacles in our market rules; we need active consumers with real choice; and we need prices that are market-based and unregulated."
URL https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/demand_response_ia_study_final_report_12-08-2...
 
Description Citation of paper Torriti, J., & Yunusov, T. (2020) It's only a matter of time: Flexibility, activities and time of use tariffs in the United Kingdom. Energy Research & Social Science, 69, 101697 in Ofgem's Market-wide Half-Hourly Settlement: Final Impact Assessment
Geographic Reach Local/Municipal/Regional 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
Impact The paper cited in Ofgem's Impact Assessment on 'Electricity Retail Market-wide Half-hourly Settlement' provided the main evidence on the distributional effects associated with Time-of-Use tariffs, by clustering UK consumers and assessing the impacts of Time of Use Tariffs on the electricity bills for different income groups. The methodology makes use of half-hourly smart-meter data and data from the 2014-15 UK Time Use Survey to analyse the distributional effects of Time-of-Use tariffs in terms of customer segmentation, peak to off-peak ratios and synthetic profiles. The findings reveal regional differences (for example, positive effects for high-income groups in London) and household composition similarities (for example, positive effects for households with children not in the high-income group). In summary, the research findings have demonstrated the economic value, and resultant cost savings, of demand-side flexibility across industry sectors and residential consumers. In addition, for the residential consumer, the research has highlighted the distributional effects of Time-of-Use tariffs between socioeconomic groups. Collectively, this research has informed policy on the UK Capacity Market as well as regulatory reform in support of Time-of-Use tariffs.
URL https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications/electricity-retail-market-wide-half-hourly-settlement-decision...
 
Description Policy advice was provided to Ofgem with regards to three specific items: (i) the evaluation of the CMA price transparency remedy; (ii) the cost-pass through impact on customers; and (iii) the reform on black start restoration
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health
 
Description Distributional Effects of Dynamic Pricing for Responsive Electricity Demand (DEePRED)
Amount £183,630 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/R000735/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2017 
End 11/2019
 
Description Joint research work and conference publication with Professor Russell McKenna: Exploring socioeconomic and temporal characteristics of British and German residential energy demand 
Organisation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Country Germany 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Analysis on the UK Time Use Survey to model energy use for several socio-demographic groups
Collaborator Contribution Analysis on the German Time Use Survey to model energy use for several socio-demographic groups.
Impact McKenna, R., Kleinebrahm, M., Yunusov, T., Lorincz, M. J. and Torriti, J. (2018) Exploring socioeconomic and temporal characteristics of British and German residential energy demand. In: British Institute of Energy Economics 2018, 18-19 September 2018, Oxford, UK.
Start Year 2018
 
Description "Smart and Fair" second expert stakeholder workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Second expert stakeholder workshop as part the of the Smart and Fair research programme. Workshop was designed to consult the expert stakeholders on the consumer classification model, discuss data limitations around the model and interventions to overcome or mitigate limitations in key capabilities for different types of consumer for different sorts of smart energy offers.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description A presentation or talk - Behave Conference Zurich 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact A multi-disciplinary conference during which we presented our preliminary findings. The proposed presentation aimed to highlight the effect of the paid working schedules on structuring the peak electricity demand.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Article on the Conversation 'Electricity prices have reached record highs - and the time-poor could suffer most' (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Article on the Conversation 'Electricity prices have reached record highs - and the time-poor could suffer most'.
12.744 readers according to the Conversation statistics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://theconversation.com/electricity-prices-have-reached-record-highs-and-the-time-poor-could-suf...
 
Description Blog: "The Conversation 'Renewable energy supply and demand during lockdown - and the best time to bake bread" 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Blog: "The Conversation 'Renewable energy supply and demand during lockdown - and the best time to bake bread" written by J Torriti, T Yunusov and J Ramirez-Mendiola

12744 readers according to the Conversation statistics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://theconversation.com/renewable-energy-supply-and-demand-during-lockdown-and-the-best-time-to-...
 
Description DEMAND review/revue workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact The event looked at some of the important outcomes of the research undertaken by the Centre and present to a mixed audience of academics, policy-makers and organisations.

Highlights included an exhibition showcasing the 5 years of DEMAND, an international photograph display, and our Research Insights among other things. The Review itself incorporated performances and improvisations that cover several main themes such as infrastructures and practices, changing technologies, energy demand and poverty, travel demand and invisible energy policy.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL http://www.demand.ac.uk/events/event/demand-review-revue/
 
Description DSR Data workshop at Imperial College London 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Workshop organised by the Energy Futures Lab, Imperial College London. Objective of the workshop was to discuss challenges and availability of data suitable for research activities on demand side response (modelling and analysis). Participants of the workshop also shared data sources known/available to them.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Expert panel: British Standards Institute, Energy Smart Appliances Strategic Advisory Group Meeting, London 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Expert panel: British Standards Institute, Energy Smart Appliances Strategic Advisory Group Meeting, London
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Expert panel: September 2019. Roundtable on distributional effects of UK energy policy (Jacopo Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Expert panel: September 2019. Roundtable on distributional effects of UK energy policy (Jacopo Torriti)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Exploring Data for STIS Workshop, Brighton, 16 April 2019 (Mate Lorincz) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact A one-day workshop for science, technology, innovations and society scholars at postgraduate and early career stages. This one-day workshop aimed to give early career researchers an introduction to network analysis; data sources, data biases and limitations; as well as an opportunity to gain feedback from experts and peers in an informal environment about their own data science research, however early stage it is. The audience was mainly early career researchers (Post-docs), finale year PhD students and academics).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Flexibility of Electricity Demand: the role of pricing and automation 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Then 'Flexibility of Electricity Demand: the role of pricing and automation' workshop as an opportunity to present some preliminary findings of our DEEPRED and REDPEAK projects and have discussions around other projects on flexibility in terms of automation and pricing. The event brought together diverse academics, companies and policymakers, with speakers from Italy and Spain.

!! Influencing flexiblity ! add
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://research.reading.ac.uk/redpeak/
 
Description Knowledge exchange with Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks (SSEN), DNV GL and University of Southampton on DEePRED, REDPeAK and SAVE projects 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact A meeting between the members of teams working on the SAVE project (SSEN, DNV GL and University of Southampton), and REDPeAK DEePRED projects. The objective of the meeting was to provide overviews of the projects, share findings and explore potential routes for collaboration. As the distribution network operator, SSEN's aim for the SAVE project was to gain a better insight into energy efficient behaviour for specific types of customers: drivers for the behaviour, channels to engage with customers and effectiveness of measures. To meet its aims, SAVE project have been recording the activities carried out by the trial participants along with the energy consumption at their households.
REPeAK and DEePRED projects are using Time Use data to investigate the daily sequences of activities, what drivers are behind the peak time demand and flexibility, and what distributional impacts exists for Time-of-Use tariffs. The overview of the research projects was delivered to the SAVE project team as a presentation.
The discussions during the meeting created an opportunity to strengthen the link between the REDPeAK / DEePRED projects and the SSEN:
- Research output and findings are likely support the findings from the innovation project and provide guidance for future innovation projects involving residential customers
- Data from the innovation project is enriching the analysis of the research projects with latest activity and demand data
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014,2018
 
Description Media interaction: BBC Berkshire Drive Time show on heatwaves, buildings and energy demand (S T Smith) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Media interaction: BBC Berkshire Drive Time show on heatwaves, buildings and energy demand
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Media interaction: BBC Radio Berkshire interview about UK's energy crisis (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Media interaction: BBC Radio Berkshire interview about UK's energy crisis
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.reading.ac.uk/news/2021/reading-in-the-news/september/pr859836
 
Description Media interaction: BBC Radio Berkshire interview about rising gas prices and the impact on consumers 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Media interaction: BBC Radio Berkshire interview about rising gas prices and the impact on consumers
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.reading.ac.uk/news/2021/reading-in-the-news/october/pr860500
 
Description Media interaction: BBC5 Live on importance of accurate metering (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Media interaction: BBC5 Live on importance of accurate metering
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Media interaction: BerkshireLive interview about UK's energy prices (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Media interaction: Berkshire Live interview about UK's energy prices
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.getreading.co.uk/news/reading-berkshire-news/university-reading-professor-predicts-gas-2...
 
Description Media interaction: Eco Expert interview on heat pumps (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Media interaction: Eco Expert interview on heat pumps
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.theecoexperts.co.uk/air-source-heat-pumps/heat-pump-grant
 
Description Media interaction: Energy efficiencies key to avoiding future price hikes - expert comment (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Media interaction: Energy efficiencies key to avoiding future price hikes - expert comment
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.reading.ac.uk/news/2021/Expert-Comment/PR860459
 
Description Media interaction: Energy efficiencies key to avoiding future price hikes - expert comment (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Media interaction: Energy efficiencies key to avoiding future price hikes - expert comment
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.reading.ac.uk/news/2021/Expert-Comment/PR860459
 
Description Media interaction: Interview with Energy Live News on energy prices (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Media interaction: Interview with Energy Live News on energy prices
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Meeting with Dan Williams (Qingtech LtD) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Meeting with Dan Williams (Qingtech LtD owner) to discuss innovative ways to design smart energy management systems that controls and enables behaviour change. With Dan we collaborate on understanding people's intention to use monitoring technologies to better understand their electricity consumption. Another interesting discussion was about the opportunities for voltage control and the impact of smart technologies could have on distribution networks.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Meeting with METER project team 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Meeting with METER project team to share learning and knowledge from DEePRED, REDPeAK and METER projects. Discussions were around the methodology used in the projects, implications of the findings and the potential for collaboration.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL http://www.energy-use.org
 
Description Meeting with Paul Keenlyside (Labour Party) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact During our meeting with Paul Keenlyside we discussed the importance of the time-of-use tariffs in transition toward a green economy as well the social implication that time-of-use tariffs has on different group of peoples. Paul presented the labour party ambitions plan to reduce net carbon emissions by 60 per cent by 2030. Therefore, the is an increased interest in evidenced-based measures to control energy consumption behaviour or in the installation of batteries to store and to balance fluctuating renewable energy. We also discussed about the opportunities for non-pricing measures (such as work schedules ) to engage consumers to reduce their energy consumption.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Meeting with Yohei Yamaguchi (University of Osaka) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact We hosted Yohei Yamaguchi from University of Osaka who presented his work on residential energy modelling. Yohei presented us the way he is combining the Japanese time use survey with electricity data in order to model domestic residential energy consumption. We've discussed the way different archetypes were created and following our common interest in activities and energy demand, we are planning a cross-country comparison.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Ofgem Self Disconnection & Consumer Vulnerability Workshops 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The workshop aimed to understand the impact of the prepayment meters on customers energy consumption. During a workshop we discussed issues related to charging smart meters (eg pre-payment) as well the negative effect that this can have on different group of consumers. Our input was to explain the audience that the way people engage with some residential activities is partly pre-scheduled during the day. We underlined the limitations of using socio-demographics in characterizing daily energy consumption behaviour.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Ofgem in the form of peer-review of their Impact Assessment on price control (RIIO-2) reform (May 2019) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Peer reviewed Ofgem's Impact Assessment on price control (RIIO-2) reform (May 2019)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Presentation 'Demand side flexibility: shifting the timing of electricity demand' at University of Cagliari (Italy) 'International Smart Cities School: imagination, planning, governance and tools' (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Presentation 'Demand side flexibility: shifting the timing of electricity demand' at University of Cagliari (Italy) 'International Smart Cities School: imagination, planning, governance and tools'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Presentation 'Smart solar at scale - challenges and solution to policy and regulatory barriers' at Scottish Ecological Design Association (SEDA) (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation 'Smart solar at scale - challenges and solution to policy and regulatory barriers' at Scottish Ecological Design Association (SEDA)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.seda.uk.net/events
 
Description Presentation by Jacopo Torriti, Institute for Energy Studies Workshop, Flexibility in residential electricity demand: focus on people's activities 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact November 2018 Oxford Institute for Energy Studies workshop, Flexibility in residential electricity demand: focus on people's activities, Oxford.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Presentation by Jacopo Torriti, World Bank conference, Data and methodologies for Cost-Benefit Analysis on Smart Metering implementation in Romania, Bucharest 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presented at November 2018 World Bank conference, Data and methodologies for Cost-Benefit Analysis on Smart Metering implementation in Romania, Bucharest.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2018/03/28/smart-metering-implementation-in-romania
 
Description Presentation: April 2019 Citizens Advice Annual Conference, London: 'Power to the people' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Presentation: April 2019 Citizens Advice Annual Conference, London: 'Power to the people'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/Global/CitizensAdvice/Energy/Future%20Energy%20conference%20slides...
 
Description Presentation: April 2020 Public Interest Advisory Group, online (Jacopo Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: April 2020 Public Interest Advisory Group, online (Jacopo Torriti)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Presentation: BEIS, (online) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Online Presentation: BEIS
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Presentation: BIEE Conference on Measurement of Distributional Effects of Time of Use tariffs 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: BIEE Conference on Measurement of Distributional Effects of Time of Use tariffs (Dr Yunusov).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.biee.org/resources/role-of-household-activities-in-peak-electricity-demand-and-distribut...
 
Description Presentation: Energy Demand Research Network Webinar 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Presentation: Energy Demand Research Network Webinar by Jacopo Torriti
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Presentation: Green Alliance Roundtable, London: 'Demand Flexibility' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: Green Alliance Roundtable, London: 'Demand Flexibility'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Presentation: International Conference on Science Advice to Governments, Science advice for energy policy: Who's afraid of epistemic diversity? 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: International Conference on Science Advice to Governments, Science advice for energy policy: Who's afraid of epistemic diversity?
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://knowledge4policy.ec.europa.eu/news/ingsa2021-science-advice-energy-policy-whos-afraid-episte...
 
Description Presentation: It's only a matter of time. Flexibility, activities, and time of use tariffs in the UK (BEIS, online) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: It's only a matter of time. Flexibility, activities, and time of use tariffs in the UK (BEIS, online)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Presentation: July 2019. Ofgem seminar series, London. Household activities and distributional effects of Time-of-Use tariffs' (Jacopo Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: July 2019. Ofgem seminar series, London. Household activities and distributional effects of Time-of-Use tariffs' (Jacopo Torriti)

About 50 Ofgem officials attended my presentation in their offices. Three different teams followed up with requests for activities in relation to Ofgem work on Time of Use tariffs; smart energy systems and distributional effects of changes in tariffs.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Presentation: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Presentation: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Presentation: May 2019. Scottish Southern Electricity Network Conference, London; 'Core capacity: SAVE data & social science literature review' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Presentation: May 2019. Scottish Southern Electricity Network Conference, London; 'Core capacity: SAVE data & social science literature review'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Presentation: November 2019. City University of London Seminar. 'Demand-side flexibility in the residential sector and people's activities (Jacopo Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Presentation: November 2019. City University of London Seminar. 'Demand-side flexibility in the residential sector and people's activities (Jacopo Torriti)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Presentation: November 2019. Oxford Talks. 'A Win-Win for everyone? Demand-side Flexibility and People's Activities' (Jacopo Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Presentation: November 2019. Oxford Talks. 'A Win-Win for everyone? Demand-side Flexibility and People's Activities' (Jacopo Torriti)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://talks.ox.ac.uk/talks/id/a553e8af-aa2a-4918-931a-8b9ff6f1835e/
 
Description Presentation: Ofgem Presentation on Market-Wide Half-Hourly Settlement Reform 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact REDPeAK and DEePRED have been mentioned on a slide at the Ofgem presentation on Market-Wide Half-Hourly Settlement reform
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Presentation: Penta Forum Workshop, Setting the scene: DSR assessment methods (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: Penta Forum Workshop, Setting the scene: DSR assessment methods
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Presentation: September 2019. Solar & Storage Live, Birmingham: 'Consumer Flexibility: Unpacking the Level of Responsiveness available in the Residential Sector' (Jacopo Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Presentation: September 2019. Solar & Storage Live, Birmingham: 'Consumer Flexibility: Unpacking the Level of Responsiveness available in the Residential Sector' (Jacopo Torriti)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://www.terrapinn.com/exhibition/solar-storage-live/Speakers.stm
 
Description Presentation: Shadow Climate Change and Net Zero Secretary, Ed Miliband, to discuss green energy storage. (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: Shadow Climate Change and Net Zero Secretary, Ed Miliband, to discuss green energy storage.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Presentation: Working more consuming electricity differently? Activity network analysis of the 2014-2015 UK Time Use Survey (Energy and Society Conference, Trento, online) 11 February 2021. Lorincz M and J. Torriti 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation: Working more consuming electricity differently? Activity network analysis of the 2014-2015 UK Time Use Survey (Energy and Society Conference, Trento, online) 11 February 2021. Lorincz M and J. Torriti
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://c2e2.unepdtu.org/kms_object/working-more-consuming-electricity-differently-activity-network-...
 
Description Public Interest Advisory Group (PIAG) - CSE & Sustainability First, London, 14 January 2020 (Mate Lorincz) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Discussions around the current government approaches to publish data and statistics for energy consumption. The audience are policy makers as well researcher and academics. The aim of the workshop was to build-up a better evidence-base on how increased access to granular smart-meter data might support improved analysis and insight in service of the public interest. In particular, we are focused on the additionally which smart-meter data could bring in terms of public benefit - for different public-interest players and different public-interest uses.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Public Interest Advisory Group on smart meter energy data 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The workshop aimed to discuss with experts in the smart energy field the possible ways to engage consumer experience with smart meter data. The outcome of this workshop was a draft paper aiming to help policy makers to understand how to use smart meter data to define policies. Our contribution was to present the strengths and the limitations of using time-use-surveys with smart metering data in understanding everyday residential demand.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://www.sustainabilityfirst.org.uk/public-interest-advisory-group
 
Description ResPublica Webinar, Green Energy for Clean Growth (J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact ResPublica Webinar, Green Energy for Clean Growth
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.respublica.org.uk/event/green-energy-for-clean-growth/
 
Description Short Demand Side Response Literature Review (July 2019) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Peer reviewed Ofgem's Short Demand Side Response Literature Review (July 2019)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Smart Meter Energy Data Public Interest Advisory Group (PIAG), London, 22 June 2019 (Mate Lorincz) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact This was a half-day event/discussion that aimed to present findings and recommendations of the Public Interest Advisory Group on access to smart meter data for a public interest purpose. The audience are policy makers as well academics.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Smart Meter Research Portal (SMRP) Stakeholder Workshop 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact This event was attended by experts in the smart energy field and it offered an opportunity to discuss he potential benefits presented by smart meter data. Our recommendation on the use of time-use surveys in understanding everyday life energy demand was feed into the design of the smart energy research portal (SMRP).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/energy/research/research-projects/smart-energy-research-lab-serl
 
Description Talk: Inaugural Professorial Lecture, Reading 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Talk: Inaugural Professorial Lecture, Reading
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S8rvyT8yZNU&feature=youtu.be
 
Description UK Power Networks Flexibility Roadmap presentation and consultation event attended by Timur Yunusov 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact At the event UK Power Networks presented the Flexibility Roadmap and outlines the series of steps towards the transition to Distribution System Operator, placing the flexibility at the forefront of the focus.

I have engaged with event participants to raise the awareness of the DEePRED project and identify potential stakeholders. The outcome from the engagement has lead to conversations with the FlexLondon project partners and their attendance at the Flexibility Workshop.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Webinar: Launch paper on Distributional Effects of Time of Use tariffs (T Yunusov, J Torriti) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Webinar: Launch paper on Distributional Effects of Time of Use tariffs.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/distributional-effects-of-time-of-use-tariffs-webinar-registration-15...
 
Description Website dedicated to the DEePRED and REDPeAK projects 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Website, hosted by University of Reading, is designed to provide overview of the REDPeAK and DEePRED projects and disseminate the findings of the projects. The website contains:
1) project overviews 2) List of related publications 3) Blog with posts written by the project team members 4)Research applications page listing how findings apply to the stakeholder groups 4) List of Advisory Board Members 5) Contact information.

The website went live in October 2018, since then there were unique 252 users, 446 sessions, and 659 Unique page views. Geographically, 70% of users are from the UK, 10% from US, around 2% from India and Spain and around 1% from Belgium, Netherlands,Germany, Italy, Norway and Denmark.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018,2019
URL https://research.reading.ac.uk/redpeak/
 
Description Workshop: February 2019, hosted by UoR REDPEAK and DEEPRED projects 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Our 'Flexibility of Electricity Demand: the role of pricing and automation' workshop in Westminster was an opportunity to present some preliminary findings of our DEePRED and REDPeAK projects and have discussions around other projects on flexibility in terms of automation and pricing. The event brought together diverse academics, companies and policymakers, with speakers from Italy and Spain.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://research.reading.ac.uk/redpeak/2019/02/14/demand-flexibility-workshop-summary/
 
Description presentation by Jacopo Torriti, International Energy Agency workshop, Research on demand-side flexibility: residential and non-residential sectors, 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact October 2018 International Energy Agency workshop, Research on demand-side flexibility: residential and non-residential sectors, London.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL http://www.ieadsm.org/workshop/dsm-day-london-united-kingdom-demand-side-management-from-the-users-p...