New Polymers from Multi-Vinyl Monomer Homopolymerisation
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Liverpool
Department Name: Chemistry
Abstract
Branched polymers offer novel material behaviour and unique product benefits; several systems have been commercialised leading to significant market value. Many of the chemistries that are used for branched polymer production are difficult to perform. Often the type of material that can be made and the cost of manufacture mean that materials are not viable for a range of potential applications. Within this research, the programme of science that is proposed will establish a completely new synthetic approach to branched polymers, opening avenues of investigation that could significantly impact the scale-up and supply of new polymers for advanced applications. The programme has an early partnership with a UK company with a track record of commercialisation of UK University fundamental science, aiming to provide a route to rapid economic and societal impact that is embedded into the research at the outset.
Branched polymers are used in various commodity applications such a paper-manufacturing, coatings and sealants, laundry powders and water purification; however, uses in more advanced technologies is restricted by the chemistries that may be accessed in their synthesis. Here, we propose a new approach that opens the scope of branched polymer chemistry beyond conventional chemical techniques, thereby offering new materials to academics and industry.
The chemistry will generate a world-leading position for UK academia and has the potential to generate considerable value for the UK economy through patented technologies, generating a competitive advantage for UK industry
Branched polymers are used in various commodity applications such a paper-manufacturing, coatings and sealants, laundry powders and water purification; however, uses in more advanced technologies is restricted by the chemistries that may be accessed in their synthesis. Here, we propose a new approach that opens the scope of branched polymer chemistry beyond conventional chemical techniques, thereby offering new materials to academics and industry.
The chemistry will generate a world-leading position for UK academia and has the potential to generate considerable value for the UK economy through patented technologies, generating a competitive advantage for UK industry
Planned Impact
The introduction of new routes to novel polymers may impact widely upon academia and industry, thereby having demonstrable scientific, economic and societal benefit. Academically, new approaches are well known to spur considerable activity. The combination of concepts used within the chemistry outlined in this research is dislocative, encouraging new thought and, as a result, the design of new functional materials. As such, the strategy for generating new branched polymers will stimulate academic research widely.
The synthesis techniques may be readily adapted by global chemical industries as no new starting materials are necessary for the polymerisation, conventional equipment may be used and the cost-base of these new materials should be similar to the range of costs within commodity polymers. Complex conditions which are difficult to replicate on large scales have been deliberately avoided, as have new catalytic systems and the use of materials that must be removed through lengthy purification or regenerated after batch synthesis. Indeed, the proposal seeks to establish both the potential for scale-up (including the production of 500g-1kg samples of material) and the modelling of reaction thermodynamics to predict the multi-ton production of materials using these approaches.
It is expected that the research may therefore impact on a wide range of communities, ultimately across the scope of branched polymer research currently underway using conventional chemistries. This will eventually also offer financial, economic and societal benefits as the chemistry and resulting materials progress through production and into products and new technologies.
To establish and accelerate the development of impact, the proposal has industrial partners contributing >20% of the value of the research programme and aiding the early demonstration of industrially-relevant material benefits from the novel polymers achievable through this chemistry. Full impact will require strategic protection of new intellectual property and a clear plan for IP identification and protection through the University of Liverpool is in place; two patents have already been filed, resulting from the initial preliminary data generated by an EPSRC Vacation Bursary to an undergraduate student in 2016.
The researchers involved in this study will witness the translation of novel chemical ideas through to industrial evaluation and scale-up and the impact of this on their future careers must also be taken into consideration. The novelty within the programme will aid the UK in its leadership of advanced materials globally and offers significant economic and societal benefits in coming years.
The synthesis techniques may be readily adapted by global chemical industries as no new starting materials are necessary for the polymerisation, conventional equipment may be used and the cost-base of these new materials should be similar to the range of costs within commodity polymers. Complex conditions which are difficult to replicate on large scales have been deliberately avoided, as have new catalytic systems and the use of materials that must be removed through lengthy purification or regenerated after batch synthesis. Indeed, the proposal seeks to establish both the potential for scale-up (including the production of 500g-1kg samples of material) and the modelling of reaction thermodynamics to predict the multi-ton production of materials using these approaches.
It is expected that the research may therefore impact on a wide range of communities, ultimately across the scope of branched polymer research currently underway using conventional chemistries. This will eventually also offer financial, economic and societal benefits as the chemistry and resulting materials progress through production and into products and new technologies.
To establish and accelerate the development of impact, the proposal has industrial partners contributing >20% of the value of the research programme and aiding the early demonstration of industrially-relevant material benefits from the novel polymers achievable through this chemistry. Full impact will require strategic protection of new intellectual property and a clear plan for IP identification and protection through the University of Liverpool is in place; two patents have already been filed, resulting from the initial preliminary data generated by an EPSRC Vacation Bursary to an undergraduate student in 2016.
The researchers involved in this study will witness the translation of novel chemical ideas through to industrial evaluation and scale-up and the impact of this on their future careers must also be taken into consideration. The novelty within the programme will aid the UK in its leadership of advanced materials globally and offers significant economic and societal benefits in coming years.
Publications
Penrhyn-Lowe O
(2021)
Impact of multi-vinyl taxogen dimensions on high molecular weight soluble polymer synthesis using transfer-dominated branching radical telomerisation
in Polymer Chemistry
Cassin S
(2022)
Accessing new and scalable high molecular weight branched copolymer structures using transfer-dominated branching radical telomerisation (TBRT)
in Polymer Chemistry
Cassin S
(2020)
Hyperbranched polymers with step-growth chemistries from transfer-dominated branching radical telomerisation (TBRT) of divinyl monomers
in Polymer Chemistry
Description | The research represents a new route to polymer synthesis that is directly industrially relevant and scale-able. This has been validated by 5 multinational companies and the creation of a new joint venture (Polymer Mimetics Ltd) between the University of Liverpool and Scott Bader Ltd |
Exploitation Route | The research could revolutionise industrial production of polymers |
Sectors | Aerospace Defence and Marine Chemicals Construction Energy Environment Healthcare Manufacturing including Industrial Biotechology Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology Other |
URL | https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2020/06/30/university-and-scott-bader-company-ltd-announce-joint-venture-to-develop-novel-polymer-chemistry-platform/ |
Description | The polymer chemistry developed has been licenced to Scott Bader and led to the formation of 6 jobs in the Liverpool City Region, and the first inward investment by the company into the North West by Scott Bader in the formation of a joint venture - Polymer Mimetics Ltd. The chemistry has been scaled to >200L scale and is the bedrock of a number or internal development programmes and third party interaction. |
First Year Of Impact | 2020 |
Sector | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Chemicals,Construction,Energy,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology,Transport |
Impact Types | Economic |
Description | Evaluation of new materials for industrial benefits |
Amount | £50,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | Synthomer plc |
Sector | Private |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 08/2018 |
End | 08/2019 |
Description | IAA Impact Acceleration |
Amount | £38,820 (GBP) |
Organisation | United Kingdom Research and Innovation |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 01/2022 |
End | 07/2022 |
Description | Insights into Degradable Branched Step-growth Polymers using Transfer-dominated Branching Radical Telomerisation |
Amount | £763,277 (GBP) |
Funding ID | EP/X010864/1 |
Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 05/2023 |
End | 05/2026 |
Description | Study of new materials for industrial benefits |
Amount | £50,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | Croda Europe Ltd |
Sector | Private |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 03/2018 |
End | 03/2019 |
Description | Evaluation of novel materials for potential commercial benefits |
Organisation | Lubrizol Corporation |
Country | United States |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | Materials designed, synthesised and scaled for internal evaluation |
Collaborator Contribution | Evaluation of materials at UK and US research and development sites |
Impact | Materials studied and ongoing evaluation |
Start Year | 2018 |
Description | Industrial collaboration on polymers from multi vinyl monomers (degradable consumer products) |
Organisation | Croda Europe Ltd |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | Materials synthesised for evaluation |
Collaborator Contribution | Project review and in-house materials evaluation |
Impact | Materials evaluated for a range of applications |
Start Year | 2018 |
Description | Industrial collabotration |
Organisation | Synthomer plc |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | Materials discussions and synthesis of samples for internal iterative evaluation |
Collaborator Contribution | In-house evaluation of materials in multinational laboratories |
Impact | Large scale samples generated for in house evaluation |
Start Year | 2018 |
Description | Study of process and materials innovation for potential benefits |
Organisation | INEOS Chlor Vinyls |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | Materials studied, and produced for internal evaluation |
Collaborator Contribution | Pilot scale polymer synthesis using novel additives, evaluation of products and reporting |
Impact | Materials have been seen to be of interest |
Start Year | 2018 |
Title | BRANCHED POLYMERS |
Description | A method of preparing a branched polymer comprises the free radical polymerisation of a multivinyl monomer in the presence of a chain transfer agent, using a source of radicals, wherein the extent of propagation is controlled relative to the extent of chain transfer to prevent gelation of the polymer. The average length of each vinyl polymer chain within the product is short. |
IP Reference | WO2018197885 |
Protection | Patent application published |
Year Protection Granted | 2018 |
Licensed | Yes |
Impact | The technology has been licensed to Scott Bader and forms the basis of a joint venture - Polymer Mimetics Ltd - created between Scott Bader and the University of Liverpool |
Title | BRANCHED POLYMERS |
Description | A method of preparing a branched polymer comprises the non free radical polymerisation of a multifunctional monomer in the presence of an initiator, wherein a reactor is charged with initiator or wherein initiator is generated in situ in said reactor, and wherein multifunctional monomer is added to said initiator so that the extent of polymerization of multifunctional monomer is controlled relative to the extent of reaction of multifunctional monomer with initiator, to prevent gelation of the polymer. Said non free radical polymerisation may for example be anionic vinyl polymerisation, oxy- anionic vinyl polymerisation, or ring opening polymerisation. |
IP Reference | WO2020089647 |
Protection | Patent application published |
Year Protection Granted | 2020 |
Licensed | Yes |
Impact | The technology has been licensed to Scott Bader and forms the basis of a joint venture - Polymer Mimetics Ltd - created between Scott Bader and the University of Liverpool |
Title | BRANCHED POLYMERS |
Description | Responsive or degradable branched polymers may be prepared by the free radical polymerisation of a multivinyl monomer in the presence of a chain transfer agent, using a source of radicals, wherein the extent of propagation is controlled relative to the extent of chain transfer to prevent gelation of the polymer. The multivinyl monomer may comprise a cleavable group, for example an ester, or a multiplicity of such groups, between two vinyl groups. Said monomer may be a macromonomer containing multiple cleavage sites. |
IP Reference | WO2020089649 |
Protection | Patent application published |
Year Protection Granted | 2020 |
Licensed | Yes |
Impact | The technology has been licensed to Scott Bader and forms the basis of a joint venture - Polymer Mimetics Ltd - created between Scott Bader and the University of Liverpool |
Title | POLYMERS |
Description | A method of preparing a polymer comprises the use of free radical vinyl polymerisation to form carbon-carbon backbone segments of the polymer, wherein the longest chains in the polymer comprise vinyl polymer chains interspersed with other chemical groups and/or chains. The product has the characteristics of astep- growth polymer comprising a mixture of polyfunctional step-growth monomer residues formed by vinyl polymerization. |
IP Reference | WO2018197884 |
Protection | Patent application published |
Year Protection Granted | 2018 |
Licensed | No |
Impact | Multiple commercial engagements (including funded evaluation of materials) |
Company Name | Polymer Mimetics |
Description | |
Year Established | 2020 |
Impact | Currently, the company is in its first year but significant industrial interest has been generated to date |
Website | http://www.scottbader.com |
Company Name | Polymer Mimetics |
Description | |
Year Established | 2020 |
Impact | The company is currently within its first year and has recruited 5 people |
Website | http://www.scottbader.com |
Description | Industry engagement discussion |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Industry discussion regarding ongoing research activities |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Industry engagement in research activities |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Debate about ongoing research activities and later engagement |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2018 |
Description | Industry engagement on research activities |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | New research at UoL was presented to Industry to initiate impact engagement |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
Description | Meetings to discuss implications of new EPSRC research |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Engagement with industry to inform possible end users of new research deliverables |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017,2018,2019 |
Description | Press Release for IP licensing |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | International |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | Joint press release announcing the creation of a joint venture through license of new polymer synthesis technologies to Scott Bader |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
URL | https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2020/06/30/university-and-scott-bader-company-ltd-announce-joint-ventur... |