📣 Try out the NEW Gateway to Research and let us know what you think.

We're looking for users to test the new service during August and September and share their feedback. Express your interest by completing this short form.

Optimizing the sustainability of car sharing using mathematical modeling

Lead Research Organisation: University of Southampton
Department Name: School of Mathematical Sciences

Abstract

Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.

Publications

10 25 50
publication icon
Currie C (2026) Price optimization for round trip car sharing in European Journal of Operational Research

publication icon
Hou N (2025) Qualitative insights into travel behavior change from using private cars to shared cars in International Journal of Sustainable Transportation

 
Description The most significant technical achievement from the award is the design of fast, tractable algorithms for optimising the prices charged in car sharing schemes where customers return cars to the base at the end of the hire, so-called round trip hires. These are complemented by a simulation model that allows more complexities to be included and simulation optimisation algorithms that can be used to find optimal prices for round-trip hires.
We have also built good links with businesses, charities and local government working in the area through two in-person workshops held during the grant. The insights from these meetings have fed into the technical work.
Exploitation Route We are writing up results on the technical work for publication in peer-reviewed journals and are investigating opportunities for future funding to take this work forward.
Sectors Transport

 
Description We engaged the different stakeholders in car sharing within the UK at two workshops. This gave local councils the opportunity to listen to the challenges and barriers to entry faced by commercial companies operating car sharing. It also helped us to scope the real problems within car sharing. For example, much of the current research in this area concentrates on one-way hires in which cars are picked up and dropped off at different locations, whereas in the UK almost all car sharing companies operate a back-to-base model. The results of the workshops have been compiled into a policy paper that has now been published and made available. We are also in early meetings with a car share operator about implementing some of the methodological findings from the project. The project has led to new MSc and PhD studentships at King's College London, University of Southampton and Lancaster University on the topic of car sharing.
First Year Of Impact 2024
Sector Transport
Impact Types Policy & public services

 
Description Assessing the effectiveness of car sharing schemes
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to new or improved professional practice
URL https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/assessing-the-effectiveness-of-car-sharing-schemes/
 
Title Notes from a Workshop on Future Directions in Modelling Car Share Schemes 
Description We are grateful for funding from the Engineering and Physical Research Council UK under grant number EP/Y008014/1 which enabled this workshop to take place. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2025 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact The write up of the workshop is publicly available for researchers. 
URL https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/499195/
 
Title Notes from a Workshop on what Areas are Good for Car Share Schemes 
Description This workshop comes at the end of an EPSRC-funded project which has developed mathematical tools to deliver a more financially sustainable car sharing service. The aim was to carry out exploratory work to investigate the use of mathematical modelling and initiate discussions with stakeholders to better understand the challenges of running car share schemes. The models and knowledge acquired during this project will form the basis of a larger scale project aiming to design better demand models that support the financial sustainability of mobility as a service and investigate the effectiveness of car share services in different contexts. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2025 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact The research dataset is publicly available for researchers to use as a guide to how the car sharing industry works in the UK. 
URL https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/499194/
 
Description Workshop on Future Directions in Modelling Car Share Schemes 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The workshop was designed to inform the scope and specification of the project, exploring current best practice, capturing learning from previous and current car share services, identifying research priorities, and establishing key measures of success.
Objectives:
• To devise a problem specification for large-scale car share schemes.
• To gain an informed understanding of the state of car share across the UK.
• To learn from the experiences of existing services.
• To scope a larger project and investigate interesting new research directions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
 
Description Workshop on what Areas are Good for Car Share Schemes 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact The workshop has two purposes: (i) to develop a white paper describing the state of current research and practice in car sharing with a focus on how characteristics of a location impact on the effectiveness of car sharing; (ii) to inform potential funding bids and build partnerships. Through engagement with a breadth of stakeholders, the workshop will explore current practice, gain knowledge from previous and current car share services, and identify research priorities.
Objectives:
• To gain an understanding of where car sharing works well.
• To better understand the infrastructure requirements of car sharing schemes.
• To learn from the experiences of existing services.
• To scope a larger project and investigate interesting new research directions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2025