STREAM 2: A placed-based IAA in Photonic Technologies in Scotland's Central Belt
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Glasgow
Department Name: School of Physics and Astronomy
Abstract
Photonic Technologies (PT) came of age in the final decades of the 20th century, and together with electronics and information technology, PT underpins the economic prosperity and well-being of modern society. Much of photonics is hidden to the user but plays an essential and ubiquitous role: for example in high-speed optical communication; fabrication of integrated circuits; flat-panel displays; photonic sensing and manufacture; and a myriad of applications in medicine and the life sciences. The global market for PT reached $722bn in 2021 and the UK photonics industry has a turnover of £14.5bn, employs 77,000 people (twice as many as pharmaceuticals, and larger than fintech or the space industry), contributing £85k of GVA/employee. PT is the only sector in the UK to have maintained growth in GVA and in employment during the covid-19 pandemic.
Scotland's Central Belt (SCB) - from the Clyde in the west to the Forth in the east - is the economic heart of Scotland, but still bears social and economic scars of 1980s deindustrialization. There are significant areas with low levels of productivity, and a consequent lack of high-value jobs means that many communities across the Central Belt suffer from high deprivation and poor social outcomes.
Photonic Technologies has emerged as a success story in the recent mixed fortunes of Scottish industry. For more than half a century, the universities and industries of SCB have been at the forefront of research and innovation in Photonic Technologies. Today, SCB is recognized globally for its strength in photonics, and this established research and innovation cluster contributes more than £1bn to the Scottish economy. But, the full potential of photonics for economic and societal impact in SCB has not yet been achieved. We propose a PBIAA in Photonics Technology that will fully harness academic excellence in photonics to accelerate growth of the PT sector for the economic and societal benefits in Scotland's Central Belt. We will make a major contribution to the Technology Scotland goal to triple the value of the photonics industry in SBC to >£3bn and enable the UK to increase its share of the growing global photonics market.
Working with our civic partners we have developed a four-year plan to work together to accelerate growth:
1) by growing the PT economy and PT companies through entrepreneurship and company creation and engaging existing companies in related fields (e.g. electronics, manufacturing), that have not yet exploited the benefits of PT
2) by growing the base of people skilled in PT so that the cluster is not limited by availability of skilled employees throughout all skill levels
3) by increasing the public's awareness of PT and in particular the leading role of SCB PT industries; and to increase enthusiasm for PT entrepreneurialism within Scottish schools.
Much of our activity will be based around project-based development of university research to support and de-risk university-developed technologies so that they are attractive for exploitation by industry. Researchers working on these programmes will receive mentorship and entrepreneurial training and will have access to staff-mobility programmes to increase and diversify academia-university interactions
To develop the enthusiasm and skills among young people and the public that underpin the supply of high-skilled people required for a thriving PT industry, we will design and launch an ambitious new program of public engagement with the Glasgow Science. Young people will learn about the importance and excitement of photonics together with PT career opportunities Scotland. We will particularly encourage more girls and women, and those from other under-represented groups and social backgrounds, to engage in the science, technology and careers in PT.
Scotland's Central Belt (SCB) - from the Clyde in the west to the Forth in the east - is the economic heart of Scotland, but still bears social and economic scars of 1980s deindustrialization. There are significant areas with low levels of productivity, and a consequent lack of high-value jobs means that many communities across the Central Belt suffer from high deprivation and poor social outcomes.
Photonic Technologies has emerged as a success story in the recent mixed fortunes of Scottish industry. For more than half a century, the universities and industries of SCB have been at the forefront of research and innovation in Photonic Technologies. Today, SCB is recognized globally for its strength in photonics, and this established research and innovation cluster contributes more than £1bn to the Scottish economy. But, the full potential of photonics for economic and societal impact in SCB has not yet been achieved. We propose a PBIAA in Photonics Technology that will fully harness academic excellence in photonics to accelerate growth of the PT sector for the economic and societal benefits in Scotland's Central Belt. We will make a major contribution to the Technology Scotland goal to triple the value of the photonics industry in SBC to >£3bn and enable the UK to increase its share of the growing global photonics market.
Working with our civic partners we have developed a four-year plan to work together to accelerate growth:
1) by growing the PT economy and PT companies through entrepreneurship and company creation and engaging existing companies in related fields (e.g. electronics, manufacturing), that have not yet exploited the benefits of PT
2) by growing the base of people skilled in PT so that the cluster is not limited by availability of skilled employees throughout all skill levels
3) by increasing the public's awareness of PT and in particular the leading role of SCB PT industries; and to increase enthusiasm for PT entrepreneurialism within Scottish schools.
Much of our activity will be based around project-based development of university research to support and de-risk university-developed technologies so that they are attractive for exploitation by industry. Researchers working on these programmes will receive mentorship and entrepreneurial training and will have access to staff-mobility programmes to increase and diversify academia-university interactions
To develop the enthusiasm and skills among young people and the public that underpin the supply of high-skilled people required for a thriving PT industry, we will design and launch an ambitious new program of public engagement with the Glasgow Science. Young people will learn about the importance and excitement of photonics together with PT career opportunities Scotland. We will particularly encourage more girls and women, and those from other under-represented groups and social backgrounds, to engage in the science, technology and careers in PT.
Organisations
- University of Glasgow (Lead Research Organisation)
- National Library of Scotland (Collaboration)
- University of St Andrews (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE (Collaboration)
- BT Group (Collaboration)
- Caledonian Photonics Limited (Collaboration)
- Heriot-Watt University (Collaboration)
- OPTOS plc (Collaboration)
- Glasgow Science Centre Ltd (Project Partner)
- Technology Scotland (Project Partner)
- Scottish Enterprise (Project Partner)
- SPIE (Project Partner)
- National Physical Laboratory NPL (Project Partner)
- Glasgow City Council (Project Partner)
- CENSIS (Project Partner)
- Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd (Project Partner)
- CITY OF EDINBURGH COUNCIL (Project Partner)
- West Lothian Council (Project Partner)
Description | Enabling SPAtial Multiplexed Optical Communications (SPAM-OC) |
Amount | £75,000 (GBP) |
Organisation | Scottish Enterprise |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start |
Description | Deploying a high-dimensional entanglement link for the data centres of the future |
Organisation | BT Group |
Department | BT Research |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | A market gap has been identified due to the absence of easy-to-operate tools for creating and measuring key quantum capabilities like entanglement. This project will develop a prototype system consisting of a compact and easy-to-operate spatial entanglement source and a quantum state measurement tool for automated characterisation and monitoring of the entanglement link. |
Collaborator Contribution | British Telecom (BT) will provide facilities at their labs in Adastral Park by deploying a high-dimensional entanglement-based link to validate the integration and interoperability of the prototype with the networking infrastructure of data centres, establishing cost-effective quantum connectivity in a data-centre scenario. |
Impact | Not applicable yet. |
Start Year | 2025 |
Description | Deploying a high-dimensional entanglement link for the data centres of the future |
Organisation | Heriot-Watt University |
Department | School of Engineering & Physical Sciences |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | A market gap has been identified due to the absence of easy-to-operate tools for creating and measuring key quantum capabilities like entanglement. This project will develop a prototype system consisting of a compact and easy-to-operate spatial entanglement source and a quantum state measurement tool for automated characterisation and monitoring of the entanglement link. |
Collaborator Contribution | British Telecom (BT) will provide facilities at their labs in Adastral Park by deploying a high-dimensional entanglement-based link to validate the integration and interoperability of the prototype with the networking infrastructure of data centres, establishing cost-effective quantum connectivity in a data-centre scenario. |
Impact | Not applicable yet. |
Start Year | 2025 |
Description | New retinal monitoring technique for Optos ophthalmoscopes |
Organisation | Optos plc |
Department | Optos |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | Our prime objective is to risk-reduce a path to commercial exploitation of two retinal-imaging technologies developed through a PhD project. The prime focus is trans-scleral-illuminated retinal imaging with a secondary focus to assess the potential for the 3D retinal imaging using bilateral trans-scleral illumination. The impact of the proposed project will be enhancements to Optos products and capabilities with associated benefits to company competitiveness and IP portfolio. |
Collaborator Contribution | Optos provide a route to commercial development and exploitation of the technology. They contribute technical expertise and a technology platform into which the technology will be integrated. |
Impact | Project started 16 days ago. No substantive out puts yet |
Start Year | 2025 |
Description | Optical detection and safeguarding of 19th Century books with arsenical emerald green pigment in Central Scotland |
Organisation | National Library of Scotland |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | In the 19th century (C19th), despite documented cases of death and poisoning, arsenical pigments such as emerald green (EG) were popular due to their vibrancy and widely used in everyday objects. Since 2019, research on these toxic pigments has shown that book cloth coloured with EG is particularly friable. Particulates are easily transferred to skin from the book and can become airborne and subsequently ingested or inhaled. The acute lethal threshold dose for arsenic is 1-3mg/kg of body weight while much lower doses have been linked to non-lethal health complications. Destructive analysis has already found EG books with several times the lethal dose for an average-sized adult. Increased awareness of the hazard led to arsenical books being discovered in a Leeds council library, and National Libraries in France. A database of verified arsenical books currently contains >300 entries. An alpha prototype arsenic detector has been validated against Raman spectroscopy and achieved 0% false-negative and 3% false-positive rates. The project will develop beta prototype hand-held arsenic detectors (using additive manufacturing and Arduino) and demonstrations in different collection environments. We have identified an immediate route to impact: to provide devices and training to all 23 local authorities, 12 Universities and other interested parties within Central Scotland. This will solve the EG book detection problem within this area and can be accomplished within one year, providing a compelling demonstration that will create significant interest in the device and pave the way to future commercial deployment worldwide. In the 6-month duration of this project, we will construct 12 prototype units and work with 9 partners to test 500-1000 books while gathering valuable feedback to further develop and promote the prototype. |
Collaborator Contribution | Partner will undertake practical field trials of the demonstrator/beta prototype on works in their collections. |
Impact | £10,000 of additional funds pledge from a philanthroper to further support development as a consequence of the PQA award. |
Start Year | 2024 |
Description | Optical detection and safeguarding of 19th Century books with arsenical emerald green pigment in Central Scotland |
Organisation | University of St Andrews |
Department | School of Physics and Astronomy |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | In the 19th century (C19th), despite documented cases of death and poisoning, arsenical pigments such as emerald green (EG) were popular due to their vibrancy and widely used in everyday objects. Since 2019, research on these toxic pigments has shown that book cloth coloured with EG is particularly friable. Particulates are easily transferred to skin from the book and can become airborne and subsequently ingested or inhaled. The acute lethal threshold dose for arsenic is 1-3mg/kg of body weight while much lower doses have been linked to non-lethal health complications. Destructive analysis has already found EG books with several times the lethal dose for an average-sized adult. Increased awareness of the hazard led to arsenical books being discovered in a Leeds council library, and National Libraries in France. A database of verified arsenical books currently contains >300 entries. An alpha prototype arsenic detector has been validated against Raman spectroscopy and achieved 0% false-negative and 3% false-positive rates. The project will develop beta prototype hand-held arsenic detectors (using additive manufacturing and Arduino) and demonstrations in different collection environments. We have identified an immediate route to impact: to provide devices and training to all 23 local authorities, 12 Universities and other interested parties within Central Scotland. This will solve the EG book detection problem within this area and can be accomplished within one year, providing a compelling demonstration that will create significant interest in the device and pave the way to future commercial deployment worldwide. In the 6-month duration of this project, we will construct 12 prototype units and work with 9 partners to test 500-1000 books while gathering valuable feedback to further develop and promote the prototype. |
Collaborator Contribution | Partner will undertake practical field trials of the demonstrator/beta prototype on works in their collections. |
Impact | £10,000 of additional funds pledge from a philanthroper to further support development as a consequence of the PQA award. |
Start Year | 2024 |
Description | Robust diode pumped titanium sapphire lasers: accelerating the delivery of photonics to emerging quantum markets |
Organisation | Caledonian Photonics Limited |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | The Strathclyde team will work with Caledonian Photonics Limited (CPL) to increase the technology readiness level (TRL) of low frequency noise dp:TiS lasers. The capability to accurately assess the linewidth and stability of these laser systems is vital when delivering a product: hence in parallel, Strathclyde will work with CPL to embed frequency locking and line-width/noise characterisation capability and hardware on their site. This technically challenging capability will be based on set-ups currently used at Strathclyde. This combination of demonstrator and characterisation capability will accelerate the development of commercial dp:TiS in the central belt of Scotland while providing Strathclyde with beneficial exposure to CPLs expertise in commercial laser manufacturing. |
Collaborator Contribution | Caledonian Photonics Ltd (CPL) will host a Strathclyde researcher (Martin Lee) working on-site at CPL with CPL staff. Optical systems can be built up at CPL to maximise the effectiveness of knowledge transfer. CPL staff with decades of combined experience in the commercialisation of lasers designed for harsh environments can pass their knowledge and experience of practical laser design to Strathclyde staff enabling further development/deployment in future projects. |
Impact | Project is ongoing. |
Start Year | 2024 |
Description | Robust diode pumped titanium sapphire lasers: accelerating the delivery of photonics to emerging quantum markets |
Organisation | University of Strathclyde |
Department | Institute of Photonics |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | The Strathclyde team will work with Caledonian Photonics Limited (CPL) to increase the technology readiness level (TRL) of low frequency noise dp:TiS lasers. The capability to accurately assess the linewidth and stability of these laser systems is vital when delivering a product: hence in parallel, Strathclyde will work with CPL to embed frequency locking and line-width/noise characterisation capability and hardware on their site. This technically challenging capability will be based on set-ups currently used at Strathclyde. This combination of demonstrator and characterisation capability will accelerate the development of commercial dp:TiS in the central belt of Scotland while providing Strathclyde with beneficial exposure to CPLs expertise in commercial laser manufacturing. |
Collaborator Contribution | Caledonian Photonics Ltd (CPL) will host a Strathclyde researcher (Martin Lee) working on-site at CPL with CPL staff. Optical systems can be built up at CPL to maximise the effectiveness of knowledge transfer. CPL staff with decades of combined experience in the commercialisation of lasers designed for harsh environments can pass their knowledge and experience of practical laser design to Strathclyde staff enabling further development/deployment in future projects. |
Impact | Project is ongoing. |
Start Year | 2024 |
Title | New retinal monitoring technique for Optos ophthalmoscopes |
Description | This project aims to assess two capabilities for potential future incorporation into Optos ultrawidefield OCT ophthalmoscopes: (1) the use of trans-scleral illumination for widefield monitoring of the retina during the recording of optical coherence tomographic image slices represented as B-scans; and (2) the use of bilateral trans-scleral illumination to yield 3D images of the retina and retinal vasculature. The project has just started (16 days ago). It is based upon research funded by Optos and QuantIC (EPSRC quantum hub) and this follow-on research is currently funded by the PBIAA (PQA) with in-kind support from Optos. |
Type | Diagnostic Tool - Imaging |
Current Stage Of Development | Initial development |
Year Development Stage Completed | 2025 |
Development Status | Under active development/distribution |
Impact | Too early |
Description | Critical Technologies Supercluster Parliamentary Showcase |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
Results and Impact | The reception, sponsored by Kenneth Gibson, MSP, and delivered in partnership between Technology Scotland, Photonics and Quantum Accelerator, UK Hub for Quantum Enabled Position, Navigation & Timing, Integrated Quantum Networks Hub, and QuantumARC, introduced the Supercluster, a dynamic network of overlapping and mutually supportive technology sub-sectors; photonics, quantum, semiconductors, and wireless and sensing technologies, to parliamentarians, academics and industry. The event highlighted the Supercluster's ambitious goal of growing revenues beyond £10bn by 2035, while creating 6,600 new, high-value jobs. The event led to continued committment to support the supercluster organisation, Technology Scotland, and further enquiries to participate in PQA activities. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
URL | https://technologyscotland.scot/scotlands-critical-technologies-supercluster-showcases-strength-and-... |
Description | New funding for projects to boost Scotland's photonics sector press-release |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | National |
Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
Results and Impact | We put out a press release around our first tranche of awards. This was picked up by a number of services: https://www.digit.fyi/new-funding-for-projects-to-boost-scotlands-photonics-sector/ https://futurescot.com/quantum-computing-boost-for-scotland-with-new-university-funding-round/ https://compoundsemiconductor.net/article/120750/New_funding_for_Scotland's_photonics_sector https://www.eenewseurope.com/en/first-projects-in-4-7m-scottish-photonics-quantum-accelerator/ https://glasgowcityofscienceandinnovation.com/six-projects-to-share-237k-funding-boost-from-photonics-and-quantum-accelerator/ https://www.myscience.org/en/news/wire/new_funding_for_projects_to_boost_scotland_s_photonics_sector-2024-glasgow |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
URL | https://www.gla.ac.uk/news/headline_1133963_en.html |