PearlFlavorS Exploring Natural Genetic Variations of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Pearl Millet Germplasm for Functional Food Attributes+Terminal Drought

Climate change, intensifying the effects of abiotic stresses, casts a shadow over global crop production. As the population is projected to approach 9 billion by 2050, the challenge lies in doubling food output. Among the 768 million undernourished individuals worldwide, Asia and Africa account for 418 million and 282 million, respectively, as per FAO 2020 statistics. In these regions, pearl millet stands as a crucial cereal grain, though its vulnerability to terminal drought stress leads to notable yield reductions. Despite recent revelations about UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs) enhancing plant drought resistance and improving nutritional value via flavonoid biosynthesis regulation, their impact on pearl millet remains elusive. The PearlFlavorS project is poised to fill this void by targeting UGT genes, aiming to augment terminal drought tolerance and nutritional richness in pearl millet. Key UGTs associated with antioxidant levels in these grains have already been pinpointed in host laboratories. As a next step, the project will scrutinize UGT gene haplotypes across varied pearl millet germplasms, leveraging advanced CRISPR technology for functional validation. It is anticipated that heightened flavonoid concentrations will elevate yields and terminal drought resilience. With a multifaceted approach blending genomics, bioinformatics, and molecular biology, PearlFlavorS is committed to creating nutrient-rich pearl millet varieties resilient to terminal drought. Such initiatives promise not only amplified yields but also greater resistance to terminal drought and enhanced access to beneficial flavonoids. All these efforts align seamlessly with the UNSDGs, supporting sustainable agriculture, economic progression, and proactive steps towards climate change mitigation.