Miniature Ultrasonic Cutting Devices for High Precision Minimal Access Orthopaedic Surgical Procedures
Lead Research Organisation:
Loughborough University
Department Name: Sch of Mechanical and Manufacturing Eng
Abstract
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Publications
Abdel-Wahab AA
(2011)
Analysis of anisotropic viscoelastoplastic properties of cortical bone tissues.
in Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials
Alam K
(2011)
Experimental investigations of forces and torque in conventional and ultrasonically-assisted drilling of cortical bone.
in Medical engineering & physics
Abdel-Wahab A
(2011)
Dynamic Properties of Cortical Bone Tissue: Impact Tests and Numerical Study
in Applied Mechanics and Materials
Alam K
(2011)
Analysis of Forces and Temperatures in Conventional and Ultrasonically-Assisted Cutting of Bone
in Advanced Materials Research
Li S
(2012)
Analysis of Deformation Characteristics of Cortical Bone Tissue
in Solid State Phenomena
Abdel-Wahab A
(2012)
Experimental and numerical analysis of Izod impact test of cortical bone tissue
in The European Physical Journal Special Topics
Vadim Silberschmidt (Author)
(2012)
Numerical modelling of impact fracture of cortical bone tissue using X-FEM
in Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Abdel-Wahab A
(2012)
Micro-scale modelling of bovine cortical bone fracture: Analysis of crack propagation and microstructure using X-FEM
in Computational Materials Science
Alam K
(2012)
On-line analysis of cracking in cortical bone under wedge penetration.
in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine
Li S
(2013)
Fracture process in cortical bone: X-FEM analysis of microstructured models
in International Journal of Fracture
| Description | The random and heterogeneous microstructure of cortical bone contributes to a wide range of its mechanical properties. Using powerful statistical analysis tools, the correlations found between the variation of elastic modulus and histological sectors demonstrated a possible link between mechanical properties and the mechanically induced bone adaption. The theoretical calculations of the effective Young's modulus accurately reproduced our experimental results, which provide another evidence of the strong relationship between microstructure and elastic modulus. Beyond the everyday physiological conditions, corresponding to its linear-elastic mechanical behaviour, cortical bone demonstrates significant level of uncertainty in its overall stress-strain relationship as a result of various damage mechanisms, making prediction of their fracture rather challenging. The microstructure analysis confirmed this transition at microscopic level between anatomic quadrants. |
| Exploitation Route | The spatial variability and anisotropy of cortical bone (of its various anatomical sectors) is important against a background of isotropic parameters, averaged for the entire bone or its cross-section, traditionally used in current models of bones and limbs. This should be properly incorporated in any quantitative tools assessing bone's structural integrity for different conditions (especially for surgical resections). More complex - but also more adequate - numerical models of bones, accounting for their microstructural variability and anisotropy of its mechanical behaviour, will contribute to finding personalised medical solutions for different patients. Generally, this is also of high significance for the entire population, especially people with bone diseases (osteoporosis being a prominent example), since it could make more precise assessment of severity of different conditions, on the one hand, or provide targeted exercises, focused on specific regional bone parts (when combined with mechanostimulation models). |
| Sectors | Healthcare |
| Description | The acquired understanding of anisotropy and spatial variability in mechanical properties of cortical bones (its different sectors) led to development of new numerical approaches for assessment of fracture toughness of bones. Replacing the simplified schemes, more advanced numerical simulations demonstrated a significant effect of position of a bone part removed in operation on its structural integrity, thus potentially allowing medical practitioners to make more precise decisions for post-operation treatment. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2015 |
| Sector | Healthcare |
| Impact Types | Societal |
| Description | Innovate UK |
| Amount | £242,533 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Innovate UK |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2015 |
| End | 01/2017 |
| Description | Bone cutting |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Development of numerical models of bones accounting for their microstructure |
| Collaborator Contribution | Implementation of experimental tests on bone cutting |
| Impact | New data on bone properties and cutting of bones |
| Start Year | 2009 |