Network Comparison
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Oxford
Department Name: Statistics
Abstract
Networks are ubiquitous, a prime example being social network sites such as Facebook, and yet there is a lot which is not understood about them. Even for the seemingly simple question of how similar two networks are, to date there is no generally accepted method available to answer this question.
The proposed project will address exactly this issue, how to compare networks. Network comparison is of considerable importance for example when trying to compare protein-protein interaction networks of organisms under different form of stress, or when trying to compare protein-protein interaction networks of people carrying a certain disease to that of people without the disease.
The statistics will be applicable to any types of networks, and they could be used to track changes in networks over time.
While constructing such a statistic for network comparison may be relatively straightforward, for statistical tests its probabilistic properties have to be understood. Achieving such understanding requires considerable expertise in probability, as there are a number of questions which have to be tackled in order to establish a useful asymptotic result.
Similarly, the statistical properties of the new statistics have to be understood. How well do they separate models which are generated from just slightly different models? How can suitable test procedures be implemented?
Preliminary studies have shown that our method can be used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees based on protein-protein interaction networks. If confirmed, then this is the first result which shows that the topology of protein-protein interaction networks alone contains information about evolution. This result is of considerable interest in biology, and its biological implications have to be studied in detail.
Experience has seen that networks are able to capture the imagination, and are a suitable topic for outreach activities. Hence we intend to develop some lectures aimed at a general audience, to be offered to schools, via departmental contacts in the first instance, as well as at public science forums.
There will be a blog about our research on the Oxford Sparks portal, an on-line public science website.
The proposed project will address exactly this issue, how to compare networks. Network comparison is of considerable importance for example when trying to compare protein-protein interaction networks of organisms under different form of stress, or when trying to compare protein-protein interaction networks of people carrying a certain disease to that of people without the disease.
The statistics will be applicable to any types of networks, and they could be used to track changes in networks over time.
While constructing such a statistic for network comparison may be relatively straightforward, for statistical tests its probabilistic properties have to be understood. Achieving such understanding requires considerable expertise in probability, as there are a number of questions which have to be tackled in order to establish a useful asymptotic result.
Similarly, the statistical properties of the new statistics have to be understood. How well do they separate models which are generated from just slightly different models? How can suitable test procedures be implemented?
Preliminary studies have shown that our method can be used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees based on protein-protein interaction networks. If confirmed, then this is the first result which shows that the topology of protein-protein interaction networks alone contains information about evolution. This result is of considerable interest in biology, and its biological implications have to be studied in detail.
Experience has seen that networks are able to capture the imagination, and are a suitable topic for outreach activities. Hence we intend to develop some lectures aimed at a general audience, to be offered to schools, via departmental contacts in the first instance, as well as at public science forums.
There will be a blog about our research on the Oxford Sparks portal, an on-line public science website.
Planned Impact
The most striking impact of the research could be on our view of evolution; protein-protein interaction networks contain information about evolution in their topology.
The research will be of immediate interests to companies like e-Therapeutics who specialise in network pharmacology. There is an existing collaboration between Gesine Reinert and Alan Whitmore from e-Therapeutics on Parkinson's disease. The method would allow comparing different networks which are conjectured to represent the disease, and would help identify drug targets. Charlotte Deane collaborates with Matt Page and Colin Stubberfiled at UCB - the biopharma company on how networks change over time and between different disease and healthy states.
The potential applications are wide-ranging. One could compare the communication networks of different NHS trusts to assess whether there is a correlation between efficiency and network topology. Gesine Reinert has discussed related questions with Dr Kazem Rahimi at the George Centre for Healthcare Innovation.
Network comparison could shed light on trade behaviour through the comparison of trade networks across geographical regions and commodities. These results could in turn inform international development policies.
The research would advance the scientific areas of applied probability, statistics, biology, social science, computer science and the emerging field of network science, through a new method, new approaches, and new results in specific applications.
The project would train two postdoctoral researchers as well as project students. The results would be disseminated to the wider public via lectures and a blog, and they may motivate young people to take up studies in mathematics and statistics.
Finally, our results may help establish the emerging discipline of Network Science as a discipline with its own research questions and tools, which go beyond the research questions raised in particular applications.
The research will be of immediate interests to companies like e-Therapeutics who specialise in network pharmacology. There is an existing collaboration between Gesine Reinert and Alan Whitmore from e-Therapeutics on Parkinson's disease. The method would allow comparing different networks which are conjectured to represent the disease, and would help identify drug targets. Charlotte Deane collaborates with Matt Page and Colin Stubberfiled at UCB - the biopharma company on how networks change over time and between different disease and healthy states.
The potential applications are wide-ranging. One could compare the communication networks of different NHS trusts to assess whether there is a correlation between efficiency and network topology. Gesine Reinert has discussed related questions with Dr Kazem Rahimi at the George Centre for Healthcare Innovation.
Network comparison could shed light on trade behaviour through the comparison of trade networks across geographical regions and commodities. These results could in turn inform international development policies.
The research would advance the scientific areas of applied probability, statistics, biology, social science, computer science and the emerging field of network science, through a new method, new approaches, and new results in specific applications.
The project would train two postdoctoral researchers as well as project students. The results would be disseminated to the wider public via lectures and a blog, and they may motivate young people to take up studies in mathematics and statistics.
Finally, our results may help establish the emerging discipline of Network Science as a discipline with its own research questions and tools, which go beyond the research questions raised in particular applications.
Organisations
- University of Oxford (Lead Research Organisation)
- Alan Turing Institute (Collaboration)
- University of Melbourne (Collaboration)
- University Libre Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles ULB) (Collaboration)
- University of Southern California (Collaboration)
- Technical University of Munich (Collaboration)
- Lloyd's Register Foundation (Collaboration)
- University of Liege (Collaboration)
- UCB Pharma (Collaboration)
- Accenture (Collaboration)
Publications
Gill D
(2013)
No substitute for experience: do consultants that have been practising for longer lead faster post-take medical ward rounds?
in Acute medicine
Barbour A
(2016)
Asymptotic Behaviour of Gossip Processes and Small-World Networks
in Advances in Applied Probability
Coulson M
(2018)
Compound Poisson approximation of subgraph counts in stochastic block models with multiple edges
in Advances in Applied Probability
Daly, F.
(2016)
The Conway-Maxwell-Poisson distribution: distributional theory and approximation
in Alea
Ren J
(2018)
Alignment-Free Sequence Analysis and Applications.
in Annual review of biomedical data science
Gaunt Robert E.
(2016)
The rate of convergence of some asymptotically chi-square distributed statistics by Stein's method
in arXiv e-prints
Gaunt Robert E.
(2016)
An algebra of Stein operators
in arXiv e-prints
Gaunt Robert E.
(2016)
A Stein characterisation of the generalized hyperbolic distribution
in arXiv e-prints
Gaunt Robert E.
(2015)
Chi-square approximation by Stein's method with application to Pearson's statistic
in arXiv e-prints
Gaunt Robert E.
(2013)
Rates of convergence in normal approximation under moment conditions via new bounds on solutions of the Stein equation
in arXiv e-prints
| Description | We have developed two tools to compare networks, with the aim to find local patterns in networks; they are called Netdis and NetEMD. We have also extended network tools to include the case where nodes in networks have certain characteristics, such as damage caused when the node is hit by a disaster. We have also developed a subsampling algorithm for Netdis which allows comparing networks even when the networks are not fully known. This algorithm can be used to compare large networks such as websites linking to other websites; the exact number of websites does not have to be known in order to carry out the comparison. The algorithm is of interest to other fields as it is based on bootstrap on networks. We not only give the algorithm but we also prove that it converges to the correct outcome as long as the graph is sufficiently homogeneous, while allowing for some heterogeneity. Our second method, NetEMD (the paper is currently under revision), compares networks directly through the distribution of features of the networks, such as subgraph counts. The use of features also appears in classification of networks through machine learning kernels. NetEMD performs as well as the best-performing machine learning kernel methods we tried, without requiring any additional information beyond the network topology. To understand what to expect when comparing networks, we carried out some thorough mathematical analysis of underlying models. In insurance networks which relate catastrophic risks we determined two key indices which describe the behaviour of the system depending on the underlying networks. These indices can be used to monitor markets and also to regulate markets. We are still in the process to find out why our methods work so well on biological data - do they capture some evolutionary principle? It turns out that our network comparison methods give slightly different results on newer networks. We explored this difference by separating the protein-protein interaction data according to the experimental method used to obtain the data. For one method (TAP-MS) the network comparison methods do not work very well, whereas they perform well on the other main method (Yeast-two-hybrid). There are good underlying reasons for this difference, the two methods produce different types of errors and are biased towards different types of proteins. Based on these insights we have started building an evolutionary model for protein-protein interaction networks. |
| Exploitation Route | Our method was used to compare ecological networks, by Drew Purves and his group when he was at Microsoft Research, Cambridge. Sarika Jalan and her group use it to analyse networks arising from fMRI data. We understand that GCHQ has been using our methods. Our methods form the basis of a 2-year project with Accenture on threat detection in networks. The network comparison methods are almost fast enough to give real time network comparisons; we are trying to make them faster so that they can be used for detecting anomalies in networks, with possible application in cyber security. The methods will be developed to yield fine-grained information about locations of changes; which node combinations are the ones which trigger the network comparison statistic to be larger than expected? The theoretical underpinning will rely on a framework for comparing multivariate discrete distributions. The project has served as inspiration for an EPSRC Fellowship proposal. |
| Sectors | Communities and Social Services/Policy,Environment,Financial Services, and Management Consultancy,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology,Security and Diplomacy |
| URL | http://www.blopig.com/blog/author/anatol-wegner/ |
| Description | Our network comparison methods use counts of small subgraphs in a network as features which can be used to classify networks and to test whether networks come from a particular distribution. These count statistics are local summaries and hence can be updated efficiently. Moreover a detailed analysis of the network comparison statistic reveals the main local differences between networks through their contribution in the network statistic. This work lies at the foundation of a 2-year project with Accenture on threat detection in networks, with particular emphasis on anti-money laundering and modern slavery. This local refinement is also of interest both for our collaborators in network pharmacology and in cyber security, as follows. Suitable network comparison methods are key to identify subnetworks of protein-protein interaction networks which are relevant to a certain disease. In order to achieve more impact a fine scale analysis is now required so that particular protein combinations can be identified which distinguish healthy state from disease state. Through the funded project our collaboration with e-Therapeutics has intensified and now we are carrying out a detailed network analysis using scores on interactions, to detect small parts in a network which may change in the disease state. We anticipate a sandpit meeting with e-Therapeutics and interested researchers to take place before April 2018, funded through the COSTNET grant. Gesine Reinert has also been collaborating with Prof Niall Adams (Imperial) to test our network comparison methods, combined with his change point methods, on GCHQ data sets. We expect to submit a grant proposal in the near future to explore this method further. Our theoretical results have attracted interest from insurance companies and regulators; indeed we were awarded a Science of Risk Prize by Lloyd's of London. The Science of Risk Prize has increased the visibility of our work, and we have had conversations with representatives of the Bank of England about regulatory interventions to control systemic risk in insurance networks. Network comparison also plays a role in a follow-up project, funded by Novo Nordisk, on identifying modules in liver protein interaction network data under different conditions. The project provided material for 3 M.Sc. projects, 3 4th-year projects, one summer student project, and one visiting student project. So far 5 publications arose from these projects, with one more paper submitted. Perhaps the most important impact is the impact through our outreach activities. Networks are a good subject to explain to A-level pupils, and we have enjoyed talking to them. Our talk on networks is now part of the departmental repertoire for open days. It is also useful to have the blogpost on our research; we point to it regularly. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2014 |
| Sector | Communities and Social Services/Policy,Financial Services, and Management Consultancy,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology,Other |
| Impact Types | Societal,Economic |
| Description | Alan Turing scoping meetings |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Gesine Reinert was invited to two scoping meetings for the Alan Turing Institute. At these meetings she talked about network analysis and its applicability for high-dimensional data sets. There were about 30 scoping meetings, and only 5 themes were eventually selected as focus points for the Alan Turing Institute. Network analysis is one of them. Subsequently Gesine Reinert was elected as an Alan Turing Faculty Fellow and is regularly called upon to discuss network issues, both as training of early career researchers and in a consulting role for companies such as Accenture. |
| URL | https://www.turing.ac.uk/ |
| Description | Network blog |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| URL | http://www.blopig.com/blog/author/anatol-wegner/ |
| Description | ARC Discovery Funding |
| Amount | $775,728 (AUD) |
| Funding ID | DP150101459 |
| Organisation | Australian Research Council |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | Australia |
| Start | 01/2015 |
| End | 12/2017 |
| Description | Alan Turing small grant scheme |
| Amount | £18,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Alan Turing Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 12/2016 |
| End | 03/2017 |
| Description | COST |
| Amount | € 126,000 (EUR) |
| Organisation | European Union |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | European Union (EU) |
| Start | 06/2016 |
| End | 05/2019 |
| Description | NSF grant - Co-PI |
| Amount | $202,929 (USD) |
| Organisation | National Science Foundation (NSF) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 09/2015 |
| End | 08/2018 |
| Description | Novo Nordisk Pump Priming |
| Amount | £20,750 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BRD00050-AM00 |
| Organisation | Novo Holdings A/S |
| Sector | Private |
| Country | Denmark |
| Start | 10/2018 |
| End | 03/2019 |
| Description | Programme grant |
| Amount | £2,528,786 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | EP/R018472/1 |
| Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | |
| Title | NetEMD code |
| Description | This code is almost ready to be published; the corresponding publication is under revision. |
| Type Of Material | Computer model/algorithm |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | We are using the alpha version of the code for network comparison projects at the Alan Turing Institute. |
| Title | Netdis |
| Description | This is the code for the network comparison method Netdis which we published in W. Ali, T. Rito, G. Reinert, F. Sun, and C. M. Deane (2014) Alignment-free protein interaction network comparison. Bioinformatics (2014) 30, i430-i437 |
| Type Of Material | Computer model/algorithm |
| Year Produced | 2015 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Sarika Jalan's group at the ITT Indore is using Netdis to analyse networks arising from fMRI data. Drew Purves's group used it to compare ecological networks when he was at Microsoft Research. |
| URL | http://opig.stats.ox.ac.uk/resources |
| Title | Subsampling code for Netdis |
| Description | This is the subsampling code for Netdis and other network comparison statistics which rely on local subgraph counts, as appeared in W. Ali, A. E. Wegner, R. E. Gaunt, C. M. Deane & G. Reinert (2016). Comparison of large networks with sub-sampling strategies. Scientific Reports 6: 28955. The algorithm is free to use but we have not yet been contacted by researchers who are interested in using it. |
| Type Of Material | Computer model/algorithm |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | We have used it to compare large networks. |
| URL | http://opig.stats.ox.ac.uk/resources |
| Description | Alignment-free comparisons |
| Organisation | University of Southern California |
| Country | United States |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have contributed to the idea of Netdis and done the simulations; we also engage in alignment-free sequence comparison as a base-line for Netdis, and we have contributed to statistical estimation problems in this area. Moreover we continue to develop Stein's method as theoretical underpinning. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Fruitful discussions regarding Netdis; concrete results on alignment-free sequence comparisons and related estimation problems. |
| Impact | 1. W. Ali, T. Rito, G. Reinert, F. Sun, and C. M. Deane (2014) Alignment-free protein interaction network comparison. Bioinformatics (2014) 30, i430-i437. [Interdisciplinary: Mathematics and Biology] 2. L. Goldstein and G. Reinert (2013) Stein's method for the Beta distribution and the Pòlya-Eggenberger Urn. Journal of Applied Probability 1187-1205. 4. K. Song, J. Ren, G. Reinert, M. Deng, M. S. Waterman and F. Sun (2013) New developments of alignment-free sequence comparison: measures, statistics and next-generation sequencing. Briefings in Bioinformatics 10.1093/bib/bbt067. [Multi-disciplinary: Mathematics, Biology and Computer Science] |
| Description | Copulas and networks |
| Organisation | Lloyd's Register |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | We provided the analysis and the model; and we are thinking about a network-related version of our work. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The partner provided the research question and the data as well some input to the analysis. |
| Impact | A two-component copula with links to insurance Samiha Ismail, Gao Yu, Gesine Reinert, Trevor Maynard Under revision; preprint available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.8740 |
| Start Year | 2012 |
| Description | Network time series comparison |
| Organisation | Alan Turing Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Supervision of a PDRA, joint with Dr Mihai Cucuringu, to use our network comparison methods for prediction in financial time series |
| Collaborator Contribution | paying the PDRA (6 months) |
| Impact | none yet; a paper in progress |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Processes on networks |
| Organisation | University of Melbourne |
| Country | Australia |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | In this work on processes on networks, such as spread of information and disease, I have been providing the network expertise and some branching process expertise and contributed to the mathematical results. |
| Collaborator Contribution | My partner has provided the branching process expertise and some network expertise and contributed to the mathematical results. |
| Impact | A.D. Barbour and G. Reinert (2013) Asymptotic behaviour of gossip processes and small-world networks. Advances in Applied Probability 45, 895-1201. |
| Description | Stein's method: the density approach |
| Organisation | University Libre Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles ULB) |
| Country | Belgium |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We are providing expertise on Stein's method as well as research questions. |
| Collaborator Contribution | They are providing a new angle on Stein's method. We are currently working on a multivariate version of Stein's method which can be applied to characterise distributions on the space of networks; we have a preprint (2017) with Dr Guillaume Mijoule and Prof. Yvik Swan. |
| Impact | Ley, Christophe, Gesine Reinert, and Yvik Swan. "Stein's method for comparison of univariate distributions." Probability Surveys 14 (2017): 1-52. Ley, Christophe, Gesine Reinert, and Yvik Swan. "Distances between nested densities and a measure of the impact of the prior in Bayesian statistics." Annals of Applied Probability, in print. |
| Start Year | 2012 |
| Description | Stein's method: the density approach |
| Organisation | University of Liege |
| Country | Belgium |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We are providing expertise on Stein's method as well as research questions. |
| Collaborator Contribution | They are providing a new angle on Stein's method. We are currently working on a multivariate version of Stein's method which can be applied to characterise distributions on the space of networks; we have a preprint (2017) with Dr Guillaume Mijoule and Prof. Yvik Swan. |
| Impact | Ley, Christophe, Gesine Reinert, and Yvik Swan. "Stein's method for comparison of univariate distributions." Probability Surveys 14 (2017): 1-52. Ley, Christophe, Gesine Reinert, and Yvik Swan. "Distances between nested densities and a measure of the impact of the prior in Bayesian statistics." Annals of Applied Probability, in print. |
| Start Year | 2012 |
| Description | Systemic risk on networks |
| Organisation | Technical University of Munich |
| Country | Germany |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | In the project on systemic risk on networks I have provided the network expertise and contributed to the detailed research questions as well as to the mathematical results. |
| Collaborator Contribution | My partners have provided expertise on multivariate regular variation and contributed to the detailed research questions as well as to the mathematical results. |
| Impact | O. Kley, C. Klüppelberg, and G. Reinert (2016). Risk in a Large Claims Insurance Market with Bipartite Graph Structure. Operations Research 64.5 (2016): 1159-1176. The paper provides a foundation for guidance to public authorities for managing insurance reserves; it discusses systemic Value-at-Risk and related risk measures. We were awarded a Science of Risk Prize by Lloyd's of London. Currently (2017) we are revising a paper on systemic risk measures in insurance markets, viewed as networks. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Threat detection in networks |
| Organisation | Accenture |
| Country | Ireland |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | The Alan Turing Institute facilitated this collaboration on anomaly detection in networks. The methodology is based on the suite of network comparison methods which we developed. We are refining it and combining it with fast matrix methods. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Accenture will provide expertise on behavioural analysis. They fund a postdoctoral research assistant for 2 years; the PDRA is based at the Alan Turing Institute. |
| Impact | Still in progress. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | UCB |
| Organisation | UCB Pharma |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Gesine Reinert and Charlotte Deane supervise a doctoral student, Malte Luecken, on using networks for macrophage differentiation, jointly with Matt Page, Andrea Crosby and Sean Mason from UCB. |
| Collaborator Contribution | They provide biological expertise as well as funding; £9,000 to the University last year and £6,000 a year for the next 2 years, paid directly to the University. |
| Impact | Transfer of status report: Malte Luecken: Application of Multi-Resolution Partitioning of Interaction Networks to the Study of Complex Disease Publications with UCB partners James Dunbar, Bernhard Knapp, Angelika Fuchs, Jiye Shi, Charlotte M Deane, Examining variable domain orientations in antigen receptors gives insight into TCR-like antibody design, Plos Comp. Bio, 2014, 10(9), e1003852 Henry R. Wilman, Jean-Paul Ebejer, Jiye Shi, Charlotte M Deane, Bernhard Knapp, Crowdsourcing yields a new standard for kinks in protein helices, Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 2014, 54(9), 2585-2593 K Krawczyk, X Liu, T Baker, J Shi, CM Deane, Improving B-cell epitope prediction and its application to global antibody-antigen docking, Bioinformatics, 2014, 30(16), 2288-2294 H.R. Wilman, J. Shi, C.M. Deane, Helix kinks are equally prevalent in soluble and membrane proteins, Proteins, 2014, 82(9), 1960-70 |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | network comparison package |
| Organisation | Alan Turing Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We provided methods, expertise and vignettes as well as extensive testing. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The Alan Turing Insittute provided funding for a month's time of a software engineer to turn our network comparison methods into an R package which satisfies professional standards. |
| Impact | a GitHub package, https://www.turing.ac.uk/events/r-package-alignment-free-network-comparison/ |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Title | NetEMD |
| Description | This is an R package implementing the NetEMD network comparison method which arose from the grant. |
| Type Of Technology | Webtool/Application |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Impact | The package is still under development but will be finished by the end of March. It forms the basis of talks with Accenture about financial fraud, and also assists with a new project, joint with Niall Adams at Imperial, on cyber security. |
| Title | Netdis |
| Description | This stand-alone package calculates the Netdis distance. |
| Type Of Technology | Software |
| Year Produced | 2014 |
| Open Source License? | Yes |
| Impact | This package disseminates the Netdis algorithm for network comparison. We have already had some queries about it. |
| URL | http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/research/proteins/resources |
| Title | Network comparison package |
| Description | This is an R package for our network comparison methods Netdis and NetEMD, professionally designed and with data sets and vignettes. We are working on a publication. |
| Type Of Technology | Software |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Open Source License? | Yes |
| Impact | The software has been downloaded from external machines across Europe, and we have had some feedback. |
| Title | software for netdis |
| Description | This R package implements the subsampling appraoch for network comparison using the Netdis method. |
| Type Of Technology | Webtool/Application |
| Year Produced | 2016 |
| Impact | The method is more widely used by other researchers. |
| URL | http://opig.stats.ox.ac.uk/resources |
| Description | Alan Turing Institute scoping workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | These events were two scoping meetings for the Alan Turing Institute, one on high-dimensional data analysis (September 28-30, Cambridge) and one on Networks and Big Data (December 18, London). Gesine Reinert gave strategic presentations on open questions in network analysis. The presentations sparked discussions with participants from industry (Barclay's Bank, Cray) as well as from other universities. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | Blog post |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | This is a blogpost on the popular opig blog website which describes our work on network comparison. This activity is ongoing. So far we have not been contacted with requests for more information but the visits to the opig blogs are monitored. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | http://www.blopig.com/blog/ |
| Description | CDT lecture |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | This was a talk by Gesine Reinert on Stein's method with applications to networks questions. After the talk a postdoctoral researcher approached me with a research question related to Markov chain Monte Carlo. After our discussion he was able to solve this question. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Chairing a discussion session |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | This was a workshop on ``The Age of Intelligence'' organised by the Accenture-Turing partnership. Jointly with Kieran Towey and Milton Martinez Luaces from Accenture I chaired a breakout session on AI in Fraud and Financial Crime. Participants came from banks, HMRC and other government agencies. . |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://s3.amazonaws.com/assets.accenture.com/The_Age_Of_Intelligence_Welcome_Pack_Turing.pdf |
| Description | Complex |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Gesine Reinert presented Netdis and there was considerable interest from MicroSoft Research. Microsoft have requested our code and they are trying it on ecological network comparison. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| URL | http://www.ucl.ac.uk/complex/conference2014 |
| Description | DTC lectures |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | This was a series of lectures and practical exercises, spanning three days, given by Gesine Reinert, on network analysis methods and biological networks. A few students contacted me to discuss with them whether their research question could be studied from a networks angle. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | ECCB |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
| Results and Impact | Our paper on Netdis was selected for a talk at the European Conference for Computational Biology in Strasbourg. Dr Waqar Ali gave the presentation and engaged the audience. This presentation also helped him as an early-career researcher to gain recognition. This presentation helped Dr Ali who is an early-career researcher to gain recognition. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| URL | http://www.eccb14.org/programme/proceedings_papers_abstracts.pdf |
| Description | Heriot Watt |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
| Results and Impact | Seminar talk by Dr Robert Gaunt: Rates of convergence for multivariate normal approximations by Stein's method The talk is part of a visit by Robert Gaunt to Fraser Daly at Heriot Watt, with the purpose to stimulate collaboration and to raise Dr Gaunt's professional visibility. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | IWAP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
| Results and Impact | Gesine Reinert gave an invited lecture on Stein's method with applications. After the talk there was considerable discussion about application to Bayesian analysis. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| URL | http://www.iwap2014.org/?p=invited_sessions |
| Description | IWAP Gaunt |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
| Results and Impact | Talk generated discussion afterwards. After the talk there was some discussion. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| URL | http://www.iwap2014.org/?p=Contributed_Sessions |
| Description | Limit Theorems |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
| Results and Impact | An invited talk (one of the three speakers) at the ``Workshop on Limit theorems, probability approximations and related areas'' After the talk there was discussion about relationships to epidemics on networks (with Denis Mollison) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| URL | https://www.google.com/calendar/event?eid=Y3BkYnJrYTR0azA1b2w3M2Q4NG1vamg3NzggYzE2bG5vYm8xYXZ0M3ZvYW... |
| Description | Luminy |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
| Type Of Presentation | workshop facilitator |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | The workshop combined different approaches to limit theorems, bringing together researchers from different areas of mathematics and statistics. After the workshop a number of new collaborations arose. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Missilac |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other academic audiences (collaborators, peers etc.) |
| Results and Impact | Talk on Stein's method and applications; with plenty of discussion afterwards A new research collaboration on concentration inequalities arose. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| URL | http://dornsife.usc.edu/conferences/steincolloquium/ |
| Description | Outreach talk |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Talk at the UNIQ Summer School in Oxford The students were keen and interested in software for further study |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | Participation in workshop with industry |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | LLoyd's Science of Risk workshop (invitation only, most participants were insurance professionals across a range of businesses) I gave a talk about systemic risk in networks. With my co-authors Oliver Kley and Claudia Klueppelberg we were presented with a Science of Risk Prize. There will be a follow-up meeting later this month. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Royal Statistical Society workshop on networks: organisation |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | This was a workshop at the RSS which the PI co-organised; it reached out to computer scientists, life scientists and physicists as well as being of interest to probabilists and statisticians. There was some participation from industry as well. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| URL | https://www.statslife.org.uk/events/eventdetail/572/-/networks |
| Description | Talk at Oxford Prospects Programme |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | This was a talk on network analysis at the Oxford Prospects Programmes (OPP) . The OPP is a collaboration sponsored by Regent's Park and Shanghai MEC which works to promote education exchanges between institutions of higher education in China and the UK. www.oxford-prospects.org |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| URL | http://www.rpc.ox.ac.uk/opgdc/oxford-prospects-programmes/ |
| Description | Talk at Oxford Prospects meeting |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | An introductory talk on network analysis for Chinese students who are interested in postgraduate studies in the UK |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Turing Strategic Partners Board - highlight presentation |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | October 27, 2017: Highlight talk on network analysis to the Turing Strategic Partners Board (SPB) . At this meeting, top executives from Lloyd's Register Foundation, Intel, HSBC and GCHQ+ Dstl were attending. The SPB's role is to advice the Turing Board of Trustees on partners' priorities and also to discuss progress with individual partners' programmes and cross-over between these (and opportunities for further collaboration). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2017 |
| Description | Turing data science class |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | This was a 2-hour lecture course on network analysis, held at the Turing and broadcast nationwide. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | https://www.turing.ac.uk/events/statistical-analysis-networks-part-12/ |
| Description | UNIQ summer school talk 2015, 2016 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | a one-hour talk on networks, given to A level pupils, as part of the UNIQ Mathematics summer school which happen in Oxford. In 2015 I gave the talk, in 2016 Robert Gaunt gave my talk. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015,2016 |
| Description | Workshop on Financial Networks |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | This was a workshop on financial networks, with an approximately equal mix between participants from industry and from academia. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.turing.ac.uk/events/network-science-financial-services |
| Description | Workshop with industry |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | This was a 1-day workshop on network pharmacology, which brought together participants from industry (e-Therapeutics, Genomics plc), graduate students, postdoctoral researchers and faculty |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| URL | http://www.keble-asc.com/?id=1547 |