Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing

Lead Research Organisation: University of Nottingham
Department Name: Faculty of Engineering

Abstract

Twenty-first century products demand a new toolset of manufacturing techniques and materials; next generation multifunctional Additive Manufacturing (AM) is one such key tool. As an enabler for new smart, cost-effective, functional 3D heterogeneous devices, products and advanced materials, it will be an essential instrument for future industrial applications and advanced research across a wide spectrum of disciplines and sectors. To accelerate next-generation AM, we have established a multi-institution, multidisciplinary team which spans both basic/applied sciences and engineering and involves collaborations with two leading international research groups and eight multinational industry partners. Our vision is to establish controlled next generation multifunctional AM and translate this to industry and researchers. Initially focussing on novel electronic and pharmaceutical/healthcare applications, we aim to move beyond single material AM by exploiting the potential to deposit multiple materials contemporaneously for the delivery of spatially resolved function and structure in three dimensions (3D).
Owing to potentially radical differences in physical state, chemistry and compatibility, our primary challenge is at the interface of the deposited materials. This programme will focus on overcoming the challenges of spatially controlled co-deposition of dissimilar materials in 3D and we will establish new understanding and methods of both modelling and controlling co-deposition. Exploitation of our findings will be undertaken through higher TRL schemes with our network of research and industrial partners and the wider innovation ecosystem through existing and future projects.

Planned Impact

Beneficiaries of the research will include:
- The Programme's researchers, academic's and industrial partners will benefit through participation in an internationally leading research effort. This will result in a marked increase in their understanding of multi-material coalescence/interaction for the four process families to be investigated and will unlock multidisciplinary potential for multi-material, multi-functional devices.
- The Programme will train PhDs and Post-Doctoral Researchers in the rich multidisciplinary environment of a world-class partnership of industry and academia. Coupled with the application foci, this will yield demonstrable real-world relevance and impact set against state-of-the-art fundamental research
- The wider academic community will garner value from the research programme through published articles in leading journals and conference presentations; disseminating the materials and process understanding will underpin the accelerated exploitation of the multifunctional AM capability across research disciplines.
- UK industry will benefit through new research that further enhances the UK's leading position in AM technology and exploitation. The research will impact existing products and new product conception and realisation, with corresponding economic, societal, healthcare and environmental benefits.
- The HVM Catapult (especially through our strong connection with the MTC) and its members will benefit by having a pipeline of research to exploit in future years, emanating from this lower TRL activity.
- Society will benefit through the expedited realisation of advanced multifunctional devices which will have multi-sectoral benefits from improved healthcare devices and treatment options to (e.g.) improved energy storage devices
- The healthcare system will benefit through the genuine advancement in technologies which have the capability to help deliver on the need for personalised healthcare and advanced pharmaceutical/medical devices, helping alleviate current, and the inevitable future, demands on healthcare services.
- Younger generations and the wider public will benefit through clear and well-developed engagement strategy in local schools and a programme of public engagement events

Collaboration and early adopter translation of the research outcomes (the understanding and dynamic control of dissimilar material deposition in 3-dimensions) will be a major mechanism to channel the impact of this Programme, delivering value to the stakeholders and the wider scientific and industrial community. Our focus will be driven through two key application areas and is built on both current and fresh alliances to global industrial partners (see attached letters of support):

The Pharmaceutical / Healthcare Sector: Through strategic partnering with AstraZeneca and Pfizer on this Programme, we have a wealth of global pharmaceutical research and development excellence to bear upon and engage in our research strategy. Our vision and ambitions are both endorsed and shared by an industry who are readily equipped to capitalise and exploit technological advances which can have substantial impact on society's health and wellbeing whilst bringing additional and significant economic benefits.

The Electronics sector: Embedded electronics within devices is a fundamental precept of functionality (often the function within a device). The ability to produce the "function" and "structure" within a single manufacturing process enables not only the reduced assembly and parts consolidation advantages of AM but also the freedom to design and create products not previously achievable. Our collaborators AWE, Canon-Oce, Texas Instruments and Rogers Corp provide a body of pioneering organisations who understand and anticipate the innumerable opportunities and applications that next generation AM capability will generate and want to be at the forefront of that technological innovation

Publications

10 25 50
 
Title EPSRC Science Photo Competition 2019 - 1st prize in the Innovation category for 'Wonder balls in a small world' by Joseph White and Qin Hu 
Description The winning image shows various polymeric micro-sized balls designed by Joseph White and fabricated by Dr Qin Hu by two-photon lithography-based 3D printing technology. The diameter of each ball is 40µm, roughly less than half of the diameter of human hair. 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2019 
Impact The competition and prize winners were covered by the Guardian newspaper, and the image has been shortlisted for inclusion in the Highfield Park Image Exhibition 2020 
URL https://www.theguardian.com/science/gallery/2019/jun/03/nano-robots-vr-for-refugees-epsrc-photograph...
 
Title Name the monkey competition 
Description We attended a request and offered the 3D-printed monkey to be handed to the winner of 'Name the monkey competition' during FOSAC23 launch event, in January 2023. Link: https://nottsfosac.co.uk/2023-festival/ 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2023 
Impact Opportunity to demonstrate what 3D printing can produce and interact with non-technical audience for promoting STEM and 3D printing. 
 
Title STEM engagement 
Description As part of the STEM outreach events, we print small pieces to be handed as giveaway to the kids. We pre-printed 70 dolphins to be used as keyrings for events in February 2023, as well as perform live demonstration of the dolphin printing. 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2023 
Impact Kids are more engaged with the explanations given by our volunteers as they can see with their own eyes the figurines being printed. 
 
Title STEM engagement toolkit 
Description Development of a toolkit to be used during STEM outreach events to demonstrate the research developed and encourage future generations. the target audience is 8-11 years old. The materials use a mix of photos of printed parts and objects and cartoons, associated to introductory 3D printing concepts. The toolkit is comprised of: - Pull-up banner - 12 x A6 informational cards - Box for the cards - A5 flyers with details to book event and activity 
Type Of Art Artwork 
Year Produced 2023 
Impact More in-depth and impactful engagement with target audience during outreach events. 
 
Title Untitled Item 
Description Figures use in PRE paper. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2023 
URL https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Untitled_Item/21916320
 
Title Untitled Item 
Description Figures use in PRE paper. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2023 
URL https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Untitled_Item/21916320/1
 
Description New analytical methodologies for assessing the chemical interaction of multi material 3D printing at the nano scale
New methodologies for depositing multiple materials (functional and structural)
New materials developed (electronic, magnetic and pharma based)
Exploitation Route In the development of Additive Manufacturing from a largely single material exercise to one where the benefits of multi-material deposition are enabled
Sectors Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Electronics,Energy,Healthcare,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology,Transport

URL https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/research/groups/cfam/major-epsrc-funding/programme-grant-next-gen-am/programme-grant-next-gen-am.aspx
 
Description As this is a Programme Grant and therefore largely operating at the low-TRL level, the non-academic impacts are relatively low. However, the area of multi-material AM is now becoming industrially recognised and some industrial contracts have begun to emerge
First Year Of Impact 2022
Sector Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Electronics,Energy,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology
Impact Types Economic

 
Description 3DMM20 member of the Scientific Advisory Board
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description MOD (RR) MTWG meeting
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description POSTnote of "3D bioprinting in medicine" for the Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology. With colleagues at the MHRA and the Institute for Public Policy at Nottingham
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health
 
Description Richard Hague had been active in formulating the UK national strategy for Additive Manufacturing, culminating in a dissemination event at the annual "Additive International" conference in 2019
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
 
Description Richard Hague was invited to join the Royal Academy of Engineering's Policy Unit to discuss the role and potential of AM in the COVID19 crises
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description TERMIS
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
URL https://eu2023.termis.org/
 
Description The Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) - Research Policy Inputs
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description UK metamaterials network
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
 
Description Worked with Kantar Public to assist EPSRC's "Quantum Technologies Public Dialogue" programme. This involved participation in two 1-day public meetings in Birmingham to explain QT to the public and engage in workshop discussion with those attending. The report was published in June 2018
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
URL https://epsrc.ukri.org/newsevents/news/epsrc-publishes-results-of-public-dialogue-on-quantum-technol...
 
Description 4 year studentship: Computer simulation to optimise the development and deployment of quantum sensors
Amount £100,000 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 10/2019 
End 09/2022
 
Description Accelerated Discovery and Development of New Medicines: Prosperity Partnership for a Healthier Nation
Amount £5,495,023 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/S035990/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2019 
End 12/2023
 
Description Accelerating commercialization of the Nottingham reactive 3D printing process (IAA - Impact Acceleration Account )- YH
Amount £24,875 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2021 
End 02/2022
 
Description Ann McLaren fellowship ( Nesma Aboulkhair)
Amount £75,000 (GBP)
Organisation University of Nottingham 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 10/2017 
End 09/2020
 
Description CBET-EPSRC Dynamic Wetting & Interfacial Transitions in Three Dimensions: Theory vs Experiment
Amount £539,280 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/S029966/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 10/2019 
End 09/2022
 
Description CMOS atom chips: a platform for scalable ITAR-free manufacture of fully integrated cold-atom trapping and control systems for quantum sensors
Amount £176,000 (GBP)
Organisation Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 06/2020 
End 05/2024
 
Description Capital Award for Core Equipment 2020/21 (Wildman)
Amount £550,000 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 11/2020 
End 04/2022
 
Description DTP 2020-2021 University of Nottingham
Amount £5,894,602 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/T517902/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 10/2020 
End 09/2025
 
Description Design optimisation of low SWaP magnetic field generating, shielding and atom trapping subsystems for quantum sensors of magnetic fields, gravity and rotation
Amount £120,000 (GBP)
Organisation Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2020 
End 01/2024
 
Description Development and exploitation of a bioactives-free technology for tackling fungal threats to food security, goods and health (Irvine)
Amount £224,976 (GBP)
Organisation Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 02/2021 
End 01/2023
 
Description Development of an AFt-encapsulated imidazotetrazine analogue for treatment of paediatric brain tumours (Turyanska)
Amount £45,100 (GBP)
Organisation Stoneygate Trust 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 02/2019 
End 02/2021
 
Description Dial-up Engineered Microstructures for Advanced Additively Manufactured Metals (DEMAMM)
Amount £1,809,055 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/V029010/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2021 
End 12/2023
 
Description Doctoral Training Partnership in Novel Complementary Diagnostics for Improved Therapeutics / Theranostics
Amount £356,520 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2020 
End 04/2026
 
Description EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Modelling of Heterogeneous Systems
Amount £5,752,474 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/S022848/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2019 
End 09/2027
 
Description EPSRC Early Career Research Block Grant ( N Aboulkhair, M Simonelli)
Amount £60,000 (GBP)
Organisation University of Nottingham 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 10/2018 
End 10/2019
 
Description EPSRC Nano Prime- Design of novel thermal treatments for additive manufactured titanium alloys through high-temperature microscopy
Amount £2,000 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 04/2019 
End 04/2020
 
Description EPSRC/BP iCASE PhD studentship: The Synthesis and Continuous Manufacture of Novel, High Performing Polymeric Lubricants for the Next Generation of Electric Transportation (Irvine) (Irvine)
Amount £116,928 (GBP)
Organisation BP (British Petroleum) 
Sector Private
Country United Kingdom
Start 10/2020 
End 09/2024
 
Description Engineering sustainable squalene analogs for novel vaccine adjuvant formulations
Amount £222,834 (GBP)
Organisation National Institutes of Health (NIH) 
Sector Public
Country United States
Start 01/2018 
End 12/2022
 
Description Equipment bid for early career researchers - automated hardness tester and mapper
Amount £60,000 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 04/2018 
End 03/2020
 
Description Euro MagNET - Magneto-optical studies of all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals
Amount £50,400 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start  
 
Description FAPESP funding (G F Trindade) - 3D Printing of Micro-Patterned Gaseous Detectors: A route for sensor adaptability and optimisation. Joint with the University of Sao Paulo
Amount £40,000 (GBP)
Funding ID 2019/07426-0 
Organisation São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) 
Sector Public
Country Brazil
Start 10/2019 
End 10/2021
 
Description Future Additive Manufacturing Platform Grant
Amount £1,733,623 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/P027261/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 04/2017 
End 03/2021
 
Description Graphene based UV sensor
Amount £98,000 (GBP)
Funding ID DSTLX-1000135444 
Organisation Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2019 
End 11/2020
 
Description IEG - Evaluation of Novel Tyre Manufacturing Formulation (SW)
Amount £8,000 (GBP)
Organisation University of Nottingham 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2020 
End 03/2020
 
Description Imaging Mechanical Strength in Advanced Materials (Equipment grant opportunity for ERC)
Amount £60,000 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2018 
End 03/2020
 
Description Impact Accelerator Account University of Nottingham - Development of gold conductive inks for material jetting
Amount £3,835,122 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/R511730/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 02/2021 
End 11/2021
 
Description Ink-jet Printing for Fabrication of Tailored Electromagnetic Materials
Amount £142,638 (GBP)
Organisation Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 05/2019 
End 03/2021
 
Description Inkjet Printing for Antenna - Phase 1 Scoping Study - Option 2
Amount £9,662 (GBP)
Organisation Qinetiq 
Sector Private
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2020 
End 01/2021
 
Description Intelligent Structures for Low Noise Environments
Amount £1,703,189 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/S03661X/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2018 
End 11/2023
 
Description J Ding, M Baumers, R Wildman- AM Pharmaceutical Policy (UoN Smart Product Beacon)- Bridging the policy gap for manufacturing pharmaceuticals in smarter ways
Amount £12,500 (GBP)
Organisation University of Nottingham 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2019 
End 02/2020
 
Description Liquid metal jetting of Tin on Copper
Amount £6,711 (GBP)
Organisation JFE Steel Corporation 
Sector Private
Country Japan
Start 02/2018 
End 12/2019
 
Description Liquid metal jetting of Tin on Copper substrates at various temperatures
Amount £14,605 (GBP)
Organisation JFE Steel Corporation 
Sector Private
Country Japan
Start 08/2019 
End 07/2021
 
Description MRC Confidence in Concept Award (CiC): Preparing for first in man trials of 3D printed solid dosage forms
Amount £76,083 (GBP)
Organisation Medical Research Council (MRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2020 
End 01/2021
 
Description MSk MEC and UKRMP Smart Materials Hub Sandpit competition- Development of a fatigue detection device to prevent musculoskeletal injuries in football (LRC)
Amount £14,900 (GBP)
Organisation Wellcome Trust 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 11/2019 
End 06/2020
 
Description MSk MEC and UKRMP Smart Materials Hub Sandpit competition: Mechano-chemical integration at the osteochondral interface (LR)
Amount £14,900 (GBP)
Organisation Wellcome Trust 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 11/2019 
End 06/2020
 
Description Nottingham Impact Accelerator: Scaling up and optimization of the printing process for a patented powder based 3D reactive inkjet technology
Amount £34,604 (GBP)
Organisation University of Nottingham 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 05/2018 
End 01/2019
 
Description Performance verification of liquid metal jetting as metal coating (Ag-Cu systems)
Amount £14,850 (GBP)
Organisation JFE Steel Corporation 
Sector Private
Country Japan
Start 08/2020 
End 07/2021
 
Description Public engagement Grant (£5,000): 'Policy Impact Small Grant' (Jin Ding, M Baumers)
Amount £5,000 (GBP)
Organisation University of Nottingham 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2019 
End 08/2019
 
Description Quantum Technology Hub Phase 2: optimisation, additive manufacturing, rapid prototyping
Amount £156,468 (GBP)
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2019 
End 11/2024
 
Description Quantum bio-sensing for next generation health diagnostics
Amount £145,000 (GBP)
Organisation National Research Council of Canada 
Sector Public
Country Canada
Start 01/2022 
End 12/2024
 
Description RC45T3 Polymerisation Method Development for the Manufacturing of Novel, High-Performance Compostable and Recyclable Hetero-Aromatic Bioplastics for the Packaging Ind (BioPolyMet) (Irvine)
Amount £96,103 (GBP)
Organisation Innovate UK 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 11/2020 
End 04/2022
 
Description Silicone Jetting
Amount £356,477 (GBP)
Organisation Atomic Weapons Establishment 
Sector Private
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2019 
End 01/2021
 
Description Summer Programme 2020 - Jonathan Gosling
Amount £5,800 (GBP)
Organisation Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) 
Sector Public
Country Japan
Start 03/2020 
End 10/2022
 
Description Support for the Personalised Printing for Pills stand at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition 2021
Amount £5,000 (GBP)
Organisation Medical Research Council (MRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 05/2020 
End 07/2021
 
Description UK National Quantum Technology Hub in Sensing and Timing
Amount £23,949,168 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/T001046/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 12/2019 
End 11/2024
 
Description UNICAS Sandpit Award. Tea for two photon polymerisation: functional microdevice fabrication using a novel 3D printing approach for safe and controlled drug delivery. Elizabeth Clark, Qin Hu, Lea Santu and Graham Rance
Amount £12,133 (GBP)
Organisation University of Nottingham 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 04/2019 
End 07/2019
 
Description Wireless communication with cells towards bioelectronic treatments of the future
Amount £974,695 (GBP)
Funding ID EP/R004072/1 
Organisation Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 04/2018 
End 04/2023
 
Description Y He- Visiting Researcher Fellowship (University of Seville)
Amount € 9,000 (EUR)
Organisation University of Seville 
Sector Academic/University
Country Spain
Start 10/2018 
End 11/2018
 
Title "Green" PEDOT:PSS inkjet-stable ink 
Description Optimisation of a PEDOT:PSS conductive polymer ink through the addition and optimisation of bio-renewable 'green' co-solvents not yet in use in such inks elsewhere. This optimisation improved the storage stability and jetting stability of the ink, allowing large area inkjet printing of transparent conductive polymer coatings with enhanced control of the droplet placement. 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact c) These improvements increase the reliability of droplet placement, resulting in improved precision of printed patterns, and more closely spaced conductive lines without cross-wiring from errant droplets. This formulation improves the efficiency of printing, reducing the rework that results from incorrect prints. This formulation increases the efficiency of material usage, by reducing in-storage spoilage of prepared inks. 
 
Title Additive manufacturing of core components for quantum technology 
Description We have developed an additive manufacturing technology through photolithography to fabricate robust core components of light-matter interactions for quantum technologies 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact This method enables the freedom of design for rapid development of complex, individually bespoke core components for quantum sensing devices whose SWaP-C far exceeds the present state-of-the-art. An IP is likely to rise and leading in quantum sensing fields has expressed interests for commercialisation. 
 
Title Development of multi-material projection micro stereolithography 3D printing systems 
Description The projection micro stereolithography (PµSLA) approach gives a manufacturing precision of up to 100 times higher than an inkjet system and is potentially a powerful technique for applications that require high resolution manufacturing (<10µm). However, due to the single material nature of the process, PµSLA has a reduced capability for the production of hybrid functional composites. To increase its versatility and subsequently the range of applications, we are developing two multi-material projection micro stereolithography systems: a top-down fluid chamber design and a bottom-up multi-vat system. The top-down fluid system includes an airtight chamber created in collaboration with Boston Micro Fabrication Ltd. coupled with a Wintech projector (PRO 4710). Additional electronics were implemented to regulate the ink flow through the chamber and a control system has been implemented to allow the user to control image projection, printing bed motion and adjustment and ink swap as individual step or as part of a complex printing routine. Next development steps for this system include the optical alignment and optimisation. For the bottom-up multi-vats system, the full 3D model design was completed and all necessary parts were outsourced, dry fitted and modified as needed. The next step includes assembling the system in its final form. A controlling software was developed for both top-down and bottom-up fluid systems. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Impact still in progress. The system has increased the internal portfolio of systems, with further tests needed. 
 
Title Magnetic nanoparticle polymer composite inks 
Description Magnetic nanoparticle polymer composite inks, guided by Prof. Derek Irvine and Prof. Ricky Wildman, in partnership with Dr. Simeng Wang and PhD student James Caruana. The material under development is a photo-polymer resin containing well-defined spherical nanoparticles of magnetic material. The goal is 3D printing of materials with customisable magnetic permittivity for use in medical imaging, and for printing of components that respond to magnetic fields. 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact The technology will enable new generation of magnetic materials for use in medical devices, improving accuracy of treatment with implants or surgery, and leading to magnetically-controlled drug delivery technology that will improve patient outcomes in treatment of chronic illnesses. 
 
Title MetalJet 3.0 
Description The home-in-house Multi-Metal jet platform is the first drop-on-demand multi-metal jetting technique that enables printing functional components from two (can be extended to several) various metals in one piece. This is accomplished by coordinating the deposition of dissimilar materials on a substrate such that components with spatially varied compositions can be directly created within a building process. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact This provides the unique opportunity to 3D print components with various properties throughout while eliminating the need for welding or other joining procedures. The voxel-by-voxel deposition of various metallic microdroplets offers unmatched control for tuning the local properties of 3D parts and sets this technology apart from the existing multi-metal Additive Manufacturing techniques. 
 
Title Method for Producing a Polycarbonate Article 
Description A method for producing a polycarbonate article comprises printing a droplet onto a target location in a build area to obtain a printed droplet, wherein the droplet comprises a precursor solution comprising a precursor composition, a catalyst, and a solvent; removing at least a portion of the solvent from the printed droplet to obtain a bead comprising a precursor precipitate, wherein the precursor precipitate comprises the precursor composition and the catalyst; repeating the printing step and the removing step adjacent to or on the bead to obtain a plurality of adjacent beads comprising precursor precipitates; and polymerizing the precursor precipitates to obtain the polycarbonate article 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Year Produced 2019 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact This work helped building understanding of the complexity of reactive inkjet printing for step growth polymers, including handling of the condensates and getting sufficient conversion on the surface, after being jetted. A range of derivative IPs could be potentially generated from this fundamental work, including but not limited to the composite materials, modified polycarbonate with alternative curing mechanisms, post-processing development and QA etc. 
URL https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=e...
 
Title Thermally degradable crosslinker 
Description Development of a low viscosity cross-linker with a tunable thermal degradation point, allowing engineered control of part degradation. 
Type Of Material Technology assay or reagent 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Potential to enable recyclable or quick-degrading polymers to assist in reducing environmental footprint of additive manufacturing. 
 
Title Variable Pixel Placement 
Description Development of a set of methods to optimise pixel placement in bitmap-based pattern printing for enhanced control of film formation. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Improves surface quality of printed layers. Improves control of feature size and feature spacing. 
 
Title A model of in-flight cooling and solidification of droplets in the MetalJet device 
Description The model allows calculating the amount of cooling and the degree of solidification (when it occurs) of metal droplets released from the printing cartridge prior to landing on the substrate. Heat loss is assumed to occur by forced convection as the droplet moves through the argon atmosphere; justifications are provided for neglecting radiative heat loss and natural convection. To allow experimental testing, the model has been extended to larger than normal working distances, up to a few tens of millimetres, which requires including the effect of slowing down due to drag, as well as the influence of the cartridge heating surrounding surfaces on the ambient temperature along the flight path. New fits for argon properties, the heat transfer rate due to forced convection, and drag in non-isothermal conditions were obtained for relevant ranges of parameters based on literature data and simulations using COMSOL software. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Knowledge of the amount of cooling in flight is useful, because the metal in the printing cartridge is often heated just above the melting temperature and it is important to ensure that the droplet does not solidify in flight. The general approach can also be useful for other drop-on-demand devices, as well as in modelling metal powder production by atomisation. A manuscript describing the model and its experimental testing is in preparation. 
 
Title An extension of a single-voxel model of two-photon polymerisation (2PP) 
Description The original model of Mueller et al. [Adv. Mater. 26 (2014) 6566] describes the evolution of the amount of polymer in a voxel after it is exposed to laser light, taking into account the processes of initiation, polymerisation and quenching by dissolved oxygen that can diffuse. Our extension of this model includes the same processes, but describes explicitly how the concentrations of different chemical species vary in space. Not only does this allow to go beyond a single voxel, modelling an arbitrary pattern of exposure in space and time, but it also describes additional effects in the single-voxel case. The model can be "coarse-grained", increasing the simulation efficiency, which is important for simulating larger structures. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact It is hoped that in the future this approach will allow better understanding of the processing window of 2PP. Further extensions may allow simulations of large structures, which will help in designing procedures for manufacturing objects with desired properties. A manuscript introducing the new model and describing detailed theoretical studies of both models is in preparation. 
 
Title CFD modelling framework to predict and optimise the inkjet-based 3D printing 
Description To date, modelling of the 3D ink jet processes has ignored dynamic, wetting, and coalescence and UV curing effects, and considers as an input perfectly formed layers of material. This proposed approach is being extended with a CFD based modelling framework, with a specific target to enable the capture of 'sagging' and other non-desirable fluid effects that disrupt the precision of inkjet printing. As part of this project, are completing 7 sub-models of fluid dynamics of droplet impact, droplets coalescence and film formation, single/multi-layer UV dose, light attenuation, UV dose/UV attenuation model, droplet impact on a partially cured film and substrate using the three-phase model; and phase change & liquid-solid (solidified liquid) interaction using the three-phase model. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2023 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Sub models are currently been validated, and once completed, the overall model will instigate an inverse approach, by inputting estimated parameters through comparison of model output magnitudes with experimental data, to provide a design tool to those seeking to perfect the inkjet process. Full model and results will be published. 
 
Title Characterisation and Analysis of UV Curing Rheological Properties and its Application in Inkjet Based 3D Printing 
Description A UV optics system was designed to investigate a fast-curing UV ink's rheological properties and quantitative photopolymerisation process. A parametric study of UV intensity, photoinitiator concentration and ink resin thickness on the induction period, gel time and UV curing viscosity was carried out. We developed a predictive model of the induction period by considering the effects of light intensity, initiator concentration and resin thickness. The measured UV curing rheological properties and developed model of the induction period was used to analyse the inkjet 3d printing performance. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Understanding the UV curing viscosity is crucial in 3D inkjet printing, as it can affect the quality and accuracy of the printed parts. Understanding the viscosity of a specific material allows for a better understanding of how it will behave during the printing process. The UV curing rheological properties and developed models are used to analyse and improve the inkjet 3D printing performance. This work is current under review for publication of the results. 
 
Title Computational modelling of heat transfer and residual stress evolution during the droplet deposition in MetalJet 
Description The physical factors that govern the quality and properties of the net-shapes produced by the MetalJet include the temperature at the interfaces, the cooling rates, and the residual stresses. These factors define the level of bonding, the microstructural development, and the distortion and/or de-bonding possibility, respectively. In order to provide insights into these elements, a computational 3D thermo-mechanical Finite Element model was established, and experimentations through the MetalJet platform were performed to verify these models. Through these numerical results, experimentally-observed features such as various droplets' morphologies, lack of bonding at the interfaces for high-temperature materials and delamination at the interfaces were understood. Moreover, low-cost virtual experiments were performed, which provided solutions to rectify the observed challenges. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact The outputs from these models have been published in two articles published in the Additive Manufacturing journal, and the third article is currently in preparation. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2021.102402 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2022.102827 
 
Title Predictive modelling for dynamic wetting with heat transfer and phase transitions for drop-on-demand additive manufacturing 
Description Developing of a model that couples dynamics at the interfacial scales with the free-boundary problem of Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible flow. In this model, the dynamic contact angle results as an output of the solution to the equations, as opposed to being an input (as in most models available). Moreover, modelling the interfacial scales allows for the coupling of phase transition effects. In drop-on-demand additive manufacturing, the outcome of the process is largely determined by small-scale effects at the level of individual printing droplets, such as dynamic wetting, heat transfer and solidification. Consequently, models that can effectively inform innovation must integrate all these effects. The interface formation model for capillary flows is the natural foundation for such a modelling framework. At this stage, technically the most challenging part of this model, describing the wetting phenomena, has been implemented in a finite element framework. Detailed study of the effect of the flow configuration on the wetting process has been carried out. The initial geometry of the drop has been shown to largely determine the short-term spreading dynamics, in particular resulting in highly nontrivial patterns in the contact angle-versus-contact line speed diagram. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact All aspects of the implementation of the interface formation model that are relevant to the modelling of drop-on-demand additive manufacturing have been brought together into a single code, which will also be the basis for the inclusion of phase transition effects. For this first outputs, a publication has been prepared and is under review, allowing further dissemination of the outcomes. (https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.07146) Ongoing work includes integrating the thermal phenomena and analysing the interaction between the hydrodynamic and thermal fields aimed at determining optimal regime of the droplet deposition depending on the external conditions. 
 
Description AWE contribution to metaljet and jetting aspects 
Organisation Atomic Weapons Establishment
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Provide technical expertise and access to facilities
Collaborator Contribution AWE will contribute £270,000 towards metaljetting and jetting aspects of the Programme's work and a contract has not yet been signed.
Impact There are no outputs as yet.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Astra Zeneca 
Organisation AstraZeneca
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Supervision, project design, training, access to laboratories and facilities in the University of Nottingham Faculty of Engineering and School of Pharmacy
Collaborator Contribution Funding for two PhD studentships each at £32,550.00 = £65,100.00 total, some supervision, and access to their pharmaceutical expertise and experimental facilities.
Impact No outcomes yet. Multidisciplinary collaboration.
Start Year 2019
 
Description Canon Production Printing (MetalJet) 
Organisation Canon
Country Japan 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution The Centre for Additive Manufacturing developed 3D printing applications for the novel high temperature jetting print heads owned by Canon Production Printing. Two printing platforms were designed and engineered to print a number of materials including tin, silver and copper in 3D.
Collaborator Contribution Loan of their MetalJet system and provided advice on jetting.
Impact It is a multidisciplinary collaboration which has resulted in the following outputs: 1. Publication: Towards digital metal additive manufacturing via high-temperature drop-on-demand jetting, Simonelli et al, Additive Manufacturing 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2019.100930 2. AWE research grant worth £600,000 3. Various conference papers
Start Year 2017
 
Description Dstl studentships 
Organisation Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Project design and supervision of a PhD studentship, access to laboratory faculties.
Collaborator Contribution Funding and supervision of two PhD studentships (£130,000) which will start in October 2019. A representative of Dstl sits on the Programme's Advisory Board and provides links to the wider defence community.
Impact The studentships will commence in October 2019 and an agreement will be signed once the students have been recruited. Useful contributions have been made by the Dstl colleague who sits on the Programme's Advisory Board.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Hilti Corporation Confidentiality Agreement 
Organisation Hilti Group
Country Liechtenstein 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Research collaboration with industry partner. We contribute additive manufacturing research results.
Collaborator Contribution Industrial knowledge and application of our research results
Impact multidisciplinary collaboration
Start Year 2019
 
Description ITA- Brazil 
Organisation Technological Institute of Aeronautics
Country Brazil 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Collaboration on a research project, Hierarchical design of multi-material alloys producing components for 3D printing.
Collaborator Contribution Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), has been awarded finding by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) towards its activities under the project
Impact Currently, a conference paper has resulted from this collaboration, Optimisation of Fibre-Paths in Composites Produced by Additive Manufacturing, in book EngOpt 2018 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Engineering Optimization (Jan 19) The research partners are still working on three other papers which will be published in due course.
Start Year 2018
 
Description JFE steel corporation, Japan 
Organisation JFE Steel Corporation
Country Japan 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution The Centre for Additive Manufacturing at UoN will produce a demonstrator made of tin on a copper substrate using the droplet-on-demand technology Metaljet. The demonstrator is to be fabricated from Sn will be the JFE steel corporation logo. This logo will be printed on a 50*40 mm2 substrate. The research team will produce a report detailing the experimental conditions and results (droplet, velocity, etc). Photos (observation result of droplet collision behaviour) will be included.
Collaborator Contribution The collaborator provides the financial support for the study by taking responsibility for all the expenses for the experiments.
Impact The output from this study will be the demonstrator that will be provided to the sponsor.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 
Organisation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Country Germany 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Collaborate via joint workshops, exchange of know-how and PhD student exchanges.
Collaborator Contribution Collaborate via joint workshops, exchange of know-how and PhD student exchanges.
Impact No outputs as yet
Start Year 2018
 
Description Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) 
Organisation Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Country United States 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Share advances in mutli-material fabrication and collaborate on the further development of the two-photon process and modelling simulation of liquid metals. A material transfer agreement is being prepared.
Collaborator Contribution Collaborate on the further development of the two-photon process and modelling simulation of liquid metals. This will involve hosting students, post-docs and staff at LLNL, frequent visits and exchanges and possible access to their capability either through LLNL staff or direct utilisation.
Impact No outcomes as yet
Start Year 2018
 
Description Metaljet with Canon Oce 
Organisation Océ Holding
Country Netherlands 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution We have established an exclusive relationship with Canon Oce in the Netherlands to be their research partner in turning their proprietary metaljetting technology in to a Additive Manufacturing system.
Collaborator Contribution Supply of their proprietary metaljet technology
Impact Award of EPSRC funds for "Eight Great Technologies" for specialist metaljetting equipment
Start Year 2013
 
Description Metaljet with Canon Oce 
Organisation Océ Holding
Country Netherlands 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution We have established an exclusive relationship with Canon Oce in the Netherlands to be their research partner in turning their proprietary metaljetting technology in to a Additive Manufacturing system.
Collaborator Contribution Supply of their proprietary metaljet technology
Impact Award of EPSRC funds for "Eight Great Technologies" for specialist metaljetting equipment
Start Year 2013
 
Description NPL 
Organisation National Physical Laboratory
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Share research advances regarding the Programme's Research Challenge 1
Collaborator Contribution Share their expertise and allow access for a fee to their 3DNanoSIMS equipment.
Impact A collaborative paper has been published in the journal 'ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces'.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Nanoscribe GmBH 
Organisation Nanoscribe GmbH
Country Germany 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Share research advances especially in multi-material fabrication.
Collaborator Contribution In kind contribution of software updates and new multi-photon recipes worth approx £10,000 is promised
Impact No outcomes as yet
Start Year 2018
 
Description Texas Instruments Inc 
Organisation Texas Instruments Inc.
Country United States 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Report relevant research advances
Collaborator Contribution In kind access to their tools and project support worth approx £60,000 was promised. Additional funding for three PhD studentships worth £81,119 each (total £243,357) was also provided.
Impact No outcomes as yet
Start Year 2018
 
Description University of Birmingham 
Organisation University of Birmingham
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Professor Yulii Shikhmurzaev from the University of Birmingham is a co-applicant on the EPSRC Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing Programme Grant. He sits on the Programme's Executive Team and will line manage a research fellow working on Research Challenge 2 of the Programme.
Collaborator Contribution Professor Yulii Shikhmurzaev from the University of Birmingham is a co-applicant on the EPSRC Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing Programme Grant. He sits on the Programme's Executive Team and will line manage a research fellow working on Research Challenge 2 of the Programme.
Impact No outcomes as yet
Start Year 2018
 
Description University of Warwick 
Organisation University of Warwick
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Dr James Sprittles from the University of Warwick is a co-applicant on the EPSRC Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing Programme Grant. He sits on the Programme's Executive Team, is joint lead for the Programme's Research Challenge 2 and line manages a Programme research fellow.
Collaborator Contribution Dr James Sprittles from the University of Warwick is a co-applicant on the EPSRC Enabling Next Generation Additive Manufacturing Programme Grant. He sits on the Programme's Executive Team, is joint lead for the Programme's Research Challenge 2 and line manages a Programme research fellow.
Impact Dr Sprittles is an author on 6 journal papers which have acknowledged this Programme.
Start Year 2018
 
Description After school science club (Quach) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact After school science workshops at St Patrick's Catholic Academy, Nottingham. Organised by the University of Nottingham School of Pharmacy.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Archway STEM Festival 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact STEM festival hed at Bluecoats Beechdale Academy, Nottingham for school students and their families
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Article in the Engineer with a focus on multifunctional AM, interview with Richard Hague 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Article with a focus on multifunctional AM, interview with Richard Hague
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.theengineer.co.uk/interview-nottingham-professor-richard-hague/
 
Description BPSA Area Meeting 2019 - undergraduate talk (Roberts) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Undergraduate students
Results and Impact Invited talk to undergraduate Pharmacy students at the British Pharmaceutical Association Area Meeting in Lincoln, UK.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Co-host: Additive International Conference 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Additive International is the premier summit for academic and industrial leaders in Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing. Since 2006, we have showcased next-generation technology and the latest thinking, providing a forum for practitioners to build their networks and drive innovation.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL http://www.additiveinternational.com
 
Description DSTL Capability Review Feb 2020 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Discussed with representatives of DSTL to review the capabilities of the additive manufacturing research being carried out by CfAM
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description East Midlands Tonight coverage of the formal opening of the Advanced manufacturing Building and our clean room facilities 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The local BBC new item covered various aspects of the new Advanced Manufacturing Building, including an interview with one of our researchers about our state of the art 'clean room'.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Engineering Matters Podcast on The Future of 3D Printing 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Richard Hague was one of the guest for this podcast on the Future of 3D Printing
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://engineeringmatters.reby.media/2019/04/18/19-future-of-3d-printing/
 
Description FAESP Week London 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) organized FAPESP WEEK LONDON on 11-12 February 2019. The international symposium aimed to strengthen the links between researchers from Brazil and the United Kingdom, with the objective of promoting research partnerships. It is part of the UK-Brazil Year of Science and Innovation (YoSI) 2018-2019. FAPESP is one of the major funding agencies for scientific research in Brazil. Funded by the public taxpayer, its mission is to foster scientific research in all fields of knowledge by awarding scholarships, fellowships and grants to investigators linked with higher education and research institutions in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. FAPESP is aware that the very best research can only be done by working with the best researchers internationally. Therefore, it has established partnerships with funding agencies, higher education, private companies, and research organizations in other countries known by the quality of their research and has been encouraging scientists funded by its grants to further develop their international collaborations
Programme researcher Gustavo Ferraz Trindade connected with other researchers and gathered information about funding for potential collaborations involving the application of metal/organic 3D printing for the manufacture of GEM detectors (collaboration between UON-USP-CERN).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL http://www.fapesp.br/week2019/london/
 
Description FOSAC 2022 (Festival of Science and Curiosity) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact Researchers and students from Centre for Additive Manufacturing and School of Pharmacy linked to the PG participated in the outreach event "The Real Science in Schools Symposium" on Thursday 10.02.2022. The Real Science in Schools Symposium is part of the Nottingham Festival of Science and Curiosity (FoSaC) targeting primary age children. The Symposium took place at the Nottingham City Council House (in the Banqueting Hall), the main civic building in the city. The team focussed on the demonstration of 3D-printing and its applications in engineering and pharmaceutics and showcased the advances in science and technology to primary school pupils. More than 50 children attended the symposium, which was an interactive event where children interacted with a robot, used microscopes, and with the help of our group, witnessed 3D printing in action.

The stall was split into 3 stations; 1) "What is 3D printing", 2) "Can you design the object?" 3) "How does 3D printing work?". In the first station, we shared an interactive presentation in which we explained what 3D printing is, its applications and materials used. "Can you design the object?" was where the children got a chance to use their imagination and their new understanding of 3D printing to create and draw what they think can be printed using a 3D printer. They demonstrated how to use the software to control the shape and size of 3D-printed objects. The demonstrations took part using the CAD software TInkercad.
In "How does 3D printing work?", children were able to see a 3D printer in action, printing a small object (a 3D printed Pikatchu), that they were able to take away and keep in their classroom. In this station, they were also able to have a look at some pre-printed objects while they guessed what the material was. At the end of the session, each child went home with a keychain of a 3D printed dolphin as a token to remember the day by.
The event was a great success, the team had a wonderful time witnessing children getting involved and learning about the advances in science, and watching them fulfil their curiosity, raise many questions, and use their imagination to help understand how 3D printers work.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://nottsfosac.co.uk/
 
Description FOSAC 2023 (Festival of Science and Curiosity) - Launch event 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Researchers and PhD students from Centre for Additive Manufacturing and School of Pharmacy linked to the PG participated in the FOSAC 23 launch event (Nottingham Festival of Science and Curiosity) on 18.02.2023.
We supported the Ignite Futures' competition "Name the monkey" by offering the 3D-printed monkey to the winner at the FOSAC23* Launch Event (artwork section). Demonstration of 3D-printing techniques for multiple partners, funders and contributors at Nottingham College's City Hub site. We received positive comments from the participants and organisers as well as request for further outreach events.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://www.ignitefutures.org.uk/
 
Description FOSAC 2023 (Festival of Science and Curiosity) @ Wollaton Hall 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Researchers and PhD students from Centre for Additive Manufacturing and School of Pharmacy linked to the PG participated in the FOSAC 23 outreach event (Nottingham Festival of Science and Curiosity) targeting primary age children, on Saturday 11.02.2023. The event took place in the Wollaton Hall.
The team focussed on the demonstration of 3D-printing and its applications in engineering and pharmaceutics and showcased the advances in science and technology to primary school pupils. More than 50 children attended the symposium, which was an interactive event where children interacted with a robot, used microscopes, and with the help of our group, witnessed 3D printing in action. The stall was split into 2 stations; 1) Is this 3D printed? " 2)''What would you print if you could print anything?'' 3)"How does 3D printing work? . In the first station, we shared an interactive presentation in which we explained what 3D printing is, its applications and materials used. "'What would you print if you could print anything?" was where the children got a chance to use their imagination and their new understanding of 3D printing to create and draw what they think can be printed using a 3D printer.
In "How does 3D printing work?", children were able to see a 3D printer in action, printing a small object. In this station, they were also able to have a look at some pre-printed objects while they guessed what the material was. At the end of the session, each child went home with a keychain of a 3D printed dolphin as a token to remember the day by. The event was a great success, the team had a wonderful time witnessing children getting involved and learning about the advances in science, and watching them fulfil their curiosity, raise many questions, and use their imagination to help understand how 3D printers work.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Family Discovery Day 2019 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact University of Nottingham Discovery Days offer engaging sessions with academic experts. Children and their families also meet current students and take part in interactive campus tours. There are visit in school before the day to introduce the concept of university and the Discovery Day theme. After the Discovery Day, there are further classroom visits, working with children to consider their future.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Festival of Science and Curiosity (FOSAC) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Team of CfAM PhD students running a community stand in the local shopping centre. Explaining 3DP to the general public (pre-prepared interactive activities, visuals, Ultimaker live printing) and showing some of the research being investigated at UoN in a broader context (biomedical, automotive etc).
Throughout the event, they demonstrated the advantages and limitations of FDM printing with a live print of a rocket using an Ultimaker 2 Go printer, capturing genuine interest and engagement from all ages.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Hosted summer internships 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Undergraduate students
Results and Impact We hosted 6 undergraduate students on 8-10 week summer internships
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description How 3D printing is used in the world around us - School activity 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact The team prepared and delivered hands-on activities for over 68 pupils on years 5 & 6 at the Woodthorpe School to introduce different applications, materials, costs of 3D printing (on 22.07.2021).
Postgraduate students had the opportunity to develop further their soft skills, by speaking to a non-technical audience.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description IOP 'Science of Printing and Interfacial Phenomena' Conference 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The conference brought together internationally leading researchers across a wide range of disciplines in both academia and industry to exchange ideas and discuss new research on physics of printing and droplet deposition. The focus was on experimental and numerical research that advances the science in the field of wetting kinematics, drying phenomena, sintering of nanoparticles, rheology and influence of recent research on printing/deposition technologies.The invited speakers were from academia and industry, and was organised by the Institute of Physics Printing and Graphics Group.
Programme researcher Dr Ehab Saleh was an organiser, Co-I Dr James Sprittes spoke about his research on modelling of droplet/substrate interface phenomenon and researcher Dr Gustavo Ferraz Trindade presented a poster on the advanced characterisation of multimaterial 3D printed objects . The outcome was that Programme members from three different Research Challenges connected with colleagues in related fields.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://www.iopconferences.org/iop/frontend/reg/thome.csp?pageID=787478&eventID=1274&traceRedir=2
 
Description Importance of Roles Models and Outreach (online) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Undergraduate students
Results and Impact One of our PhD students delivered a talk about inspiring women in STEM to an online audience of undergraduate students. As part of an event organised by the University of Nottingham Faculty of Engineering.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Infinite Opera's performance of 'Entanglement! An Entropic Tale' - member of the discussion panel following the performance (Fromhold) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Infinite Opera's performance of 'Entanglement! An Entropic Tale' - member of the discussion panel following the performance at Lakeside Arts, Nottingham
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description IntuUniversity Family Learning Graduation 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact During their visit to the University campus, school students and families met enthusiastic academics and tried out a range of hands-on, drop in activities.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Invited series of lectures to postgraduate students at the University of Lincoln (Turyanska) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Invited series of lectures to postgraduate students(PGR and PGT) at the University of Lincoln on Functional Nanomaterials, January 2020
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description MEG 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Some of our work on the magnetic shielding and sensor model was shown on the QuSpin's stand
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description NASA Manufacturing Expert Mission 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Advised NASA representatives on the cutting edge additive manufacturing research taking place at CfAM.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description New Scientist Live (Fromhold 2018) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Presented as part of a large national science festival open to the public, schools, families, professionals and the media
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Nottingham Poetry Festival 2019 (Fromhold) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact A member of our team wrote and presented poetry related to their research, as part of the Nottingham Poetry Festival 2019
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Personalised Printing for pills 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact During the Royal Society exhibition, we invited by Al Jazeera English TV to talk about our research '3D Printing Pills'.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vX8MCy44YrY
 
Description Pint of Science (Fromhold 2018) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Evening talk to the general public in an informal environment as part of the Pint of Science festival
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Pint of Science - Tech Me Out 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Programme team members took part in two activities as part of Pint of Science -Tech Me Out 2019 - informal events at various Nottingham city centre venues
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Pint of Science Creative Reactions, Nottingham (Fromhold 2018, Gosling 2019) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Evening talk/activity to the general public in an informal environment as part of the Pint of Science festival at various Nottingham city centre venues.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018,2019
 
Description Point of Care Framework (POC) (Quach) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Point Of Care Framework (POC) - organised by Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). Two events to discuss 1) the technology landscape and 2) control measures for POC medicines manufacture. The event took place via Zoom due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Press release on one of our journal papers on inkjet printed graphene led to eight media articles 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact There was coverage as follows:

https://www.printedelectronicsworld.com/articles/22187/tomorrows-tech-using-ink-jet-printed-graphene
https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/cfam-researchers-investigate-inkjet-printed-graphene-for-new-generation-optoelectronic-devices-178594/
https://www.graphene-info.com/researchers-examine-novel-inkjet-printed-graphene-high-quality-large-area
https://www.theengineer.co.uk/3d-printing-inkjet-printed-graphene-nottingham/
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/11/201104001301.htm
http://flex.iconnect007.com/index.php/article/125146/3d-print-experts-using-ink-jet-printed-graphene/125149/?skin=flex
https://www.technologytimes.pk/2020/11/04/research-on-the-3d-printing-using-the-inkjet-printed-graphene-devices/
https://phys.org/news/2020-11-d-experts-tomorrow-technology-ink-jet.html
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.printedelectronicsworld.com/articles/22187/tomorrows-tech-using-ink-jet-printed-graphene
 
Description Royal Society Quantum Technologies Showcase (Fromhold) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Exhibitors to showcased their research, innovation activities and products to a large industry and government audience.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Royal Society Summer Exhibition 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Our team had the exciting opportunity to be part of the "Summer Science hub" at the Royal Society Summer Exhibition 2021 with the theme "Can we print your perfect pill". For this event, they prepared and delivered a movie, a virtual game and a lightning lecture, with contributions across the team, allowing the public to take a virtual step into our lab and learn about how, and why, we are working to create 3D printed medicine. The movie focussed on how polypills can lighten the pill burden, whilst the game allowed the audience to engage as stepping into the shoes of a pharmacist of the future. The lightning lecture was watched by over 17000 people to date and was hosted by Dr Ruiz Cantu and Dr He who told the story of why we need to 3D print tablets.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://limitless-beach-00824.herokuapp.com/
 
Description Science in the Park 2020 (Quach) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Assisted with a local science festival organised by the University of Nottingham
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Supported the Polymer Research Symposium 2019, University of Nottingham 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact One of our team members, Amy Stimpson was a joint organiser for this event and the Programme provided financial support of £500 towards the event costs.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description TCT 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Presented on design optimisation of environments for quantum sensing, with partners Added Scientific Ltd
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description TCT magazine 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact TBC
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020,2023
 
Description The Observer 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Prof Richard Hague was interviewed by Tim Lewis, from the Observer, in January 2023.
Details TBC
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description The Real Science in Schools Symposium (FOSAC23) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact Researchers and PhD students from Centre for Additive Manufacturing and School of Pharmacy linked to the PG participated in the outreach event "The Real Science in Schools Symposium" on Thursday 09.02.2023. The Real Science in Schools Symposium is part of the Nottingham Festival of Science and Curiosity (FoSaC) targeting primary age children. The Symposium took place at the Nottingham City Council House (in the Banqueting Hall), the main civic building in the city.
The team focussed on the demonstration of 3D-printing and its applications in engineering and pharmaceutics and showcased the advances in science and technology to primary school pupils. More than 50 children attended the symposium, which was an interactive event where children interacted with a robot, used microscopes, and with the help of our group, witnessed 3D printing in action. The stall was split into 2 stations; 1) Is this 3D printed? " 2)''What would you print if you could print anything?'' 3)"How does 3D printing work? . In the first station, we shared an interactive presentation in which we explained what 3D printing is, its applications and materials used. "'What would you print if you could print anything?" was where the children got a chance to use their imagination and their new understanding of 3D printing to create and draw what they think can be printed using a 3D printer.
In "How does 3D printing work?", children were able to see a 3D printer in action, printing a small object. In this station, they were also able to have a look at some pre-printed objects while they guessed what the material was. At the end of the session, each child went home with a keychain of a 3D printed dolphin as a token to remember the day by. The event was a great success, the team had a wonderful time witnessing children getting involved and learning about the advances in science, and watching them fulfil their curiosity, raise many questions, and use their imagination to help understand how 3D printers work.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://nottsfosac.co.uk/
 
Description UK Quantum Technology Industry Showcase (Fromhold 2018, 2019) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact The UK National Quantum Technologies Programme is a UK Government Investment in excess of £600m over 10 years, aimed at accelerating the translation of quantum technologies into the marketplace, boosting British business and making a real difference to our everyday lives. The UK national quantum technologies showcase events recognise and demonstrate the breadth of current investments and activities undertaken as part of the National Programme and the growing commercialisation of quantum technologies in the UK.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018,2019
 
Description US Army and Airforce AM Opportunities Workshop 2019 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Advised representatives of the US Army and Airforce on the opportunities for using the additive manufacturing technologies being developed by CfAM
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description University of Nottingham Faculty of Engineering Christmas Lecture - support activities 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact CfAM team members (Programme and Platform Grant)took part in the support engagement activities which form part of the UoN Faculty of Engineering Christmas Lecture for local school students.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019,2020
 
Description Vacuum Expo 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Presented on 3D printed vacuum systems for atom trapping (with Added Scientific Ltd)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018