STRUCTURES 2025: A HIGH FIDELITY, DATA RICH, PARADIGM FOR STRUCTURAL TESTING
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Southampton
Department Name: Faculty of Engineering & the Environment
Abstract
The overarching aim is to develop a facility for the testing and evaluating of large structures, called Structure 2025. To construct such a facility it is necessary to purchase specialist equipment, which comprises imaging, loading and control systems. Structures 2025 will provide a novel integrated imaging and loading system that is flexible, and can be used for the testing and assessment of a wide range of structures across industry sectors. The unique feature of Structures 2025 is that it will, for the first time, enable data-rich studies of the behaviour of large components and structures subjected to realistic loading scenarios mimicking the behaviour of a structure in service. It will be possible to model the loads felt by aircraft in flight, railway structures, bridges and cars and understand better how the structure supports the load experienced in service. Structures 2025 will enable the introduction of new lightweight materials into transport systems allowing energy savings and a more sustainable approach to design. The uniqueness of Structures 2025 is predicated on imaging, where large amounts of data can be collected to provide information about the structural response. The imaging will be based on both visible light and infra-red camera systems which capture data from the loaded structure and used to evaluate strains and deformations. Traditional sensors take only point readings, whereas images provide data over a wide field of view, since each sensor in the imaging device provides a measurement, the terminology 'data-rich' is applied. A complete system integration will be developed and implemented, that combines the load application using a multi-actuator loading system with the imaging systems. The combination of techniques into a single integrated system will be unique internationally, and will enable the accurate assessment of the interactions between material failure mechanisms/modes and structural stiffness/strength driven failure modes on a hitherto unattainable level of physical realism. Structures 2025 will provide what can be termed high-fidelity data-rich testing of structural components, to integrate with multi-scale computational modelling to provide better predicitive models of structural failure and create safer and more efficient structures.
Structures 2025 will be developed in close collaboration with 16 industry partners, representing the rail infrastructure, civil engineering, experimental technique development, energy systems, marine and offshore, and aerospace sectors, as well as several university partners.
Structures 2025 will be developed in close collaboration with 16 industry partners, representing the rail infrastructure, civil engineering, experimental technique development, energy systems, marine and offshore, and aerospace sectors, as well as several university partners.
Planned Impact
The realisation of Structures 2025 will boost innovation and technology development across industrial sectors, where structural design practices generally are restricted by conservative conventions. Structures 2025 will unlock barriers to innovation, which will provide a technological leap in design and benefit strongly the industrial project partners. This in turn can be directly transferred into economic impact through added value and innovative products, shorter time to market, increased reliability and customer satisfaction.
The Structures 2025 facility relevant across industry and application areas as evidenced by the industrial support and partnership. This is because it has the potential to achieve a paradigm shift in the assessment and understanding of limit states, damage initiation/ progression and failure of large structures. The core novelty is achieved by integrating structural testing with high resolution full-field imaging. This will enable substantial advances in the understanding of the failure processes in materials, and the performance and failure envelopes of composite components and substructures, resulting in novel design methodologies.
It is envisaged that the developed high fidelity testing methodology will become part a mainstream part of structural testing, and with a view to the future a key enabler for a move towards 'virtual testing' becoming a reality as is the long terms goal in industry sectors like e.g. aerospace and automitive. The interaction with and dissemination to the industrial partners and end users will represent an important path for impact and exploitation. It is intended to develop research and technology projects using Structures 2025 through, e.g. Innovate UK, with the industrial collaborators taking the lead. It is envisaged that within 2 years of the project start date a working demonstrator will be available to showcase. This will put the UK into an important economic position with a developed, paradigm shifting technology for testing of large structures thereby improving UK competitiveness. It is intended to showcase the UK developed technology, through a dissemination meeting and on the international stage at conferences and other events.
The Structures 2025 facility relevant across industry and application areas as evidenced by the industrial support and partnership. This is because it has the potential to achieve a paradigm shift in the assessment and understanding of limit states, damage initiation/ progression and failure of large structures. The core novelty is achieved by integrating structural testing with high resolution full-field imaging. This will enable substantial advances in the understanding of the failure processes in materials, and the performance and failure envelopes of composite components and substructures, resulting in novel design methodologies.
It is envisaged that the developed high fidelity testing methodology will become part a mainstream part of structural testing, and with a view to the future a key enabler for a move towards 'virtual testing' becoming a reality as is the long terms goal in industry sectors like e.g. aerospace and automitive. The interaction with and dissemination to the industrial partners and end users will represent an important path for impact and exploitation. It is intended to develop research and technology projects using Structures 2025 through, e.g. Innovate UK, with the industrial collaborators taking the lead. It is envisaged that within 2 years of the project start date a working demonstrator will be available to showcase. This will put the UK into an important economic position with a developed, paradigm shifting technology for testing of large structures thereby improving UK competitiveness. It is intended to showcase the UK developed technology, through a dissemination meeting and on the international stage at conferences and other events.
Organisations
- University of Southampton (Lead Research Organisation)
- The Welding Institute (Collaboration)
- Qinetiq (United Kingdom) (Collaboration)
- Lloyd's Register Foundation (Collaboration, Project Partner)
- Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy (Collaboration)
- National Composites Centre (NCC) (Collaboration)
- NPL Ltd (Collaboration)
- University of Bath (Collaboration)
- EDF Energy (United Kingdom) (Collaboration, Project Partner)
- Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult (Collaboration, Project Partner)
- BMT Defence Services (Collaboration)
- Royal National Lifeboat Institution (Collaboration)
- Airbus Group (Collaboration)
- Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) (Collaboration)
- Siemens AG (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH (Collaboration)
- BAE Systems (United Kingdom) (Collaboration, Project Partner)
- Arup Group (Collaboration)
- BMT Group (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
- National Composites Centre (Project Partner)
- Photon Lines Ltd (UK) (Project Partner)
- Royal National Lifeboat Institution (Project Partner)
- Network Rail (Project Partner)
- Arup Group (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
- National Physical Laboratory (Project Partner)
- Siemens (Germany) (Project Partner)
- Airbus (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
- MTS Systems Limited (UK) (Project Partner)
- LaVision (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
- Shell (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
Publications
Callaghan J
(2023)
Quantitative Full-Field Data Fusion for Evaluation of Complex Structures
in Experimental Mechanics
Callaghan J S
(2022)
Full-field imaging approaches for the assessment of composite structures
Dulieu-Barton J M
(2019)
Integrating imaging techniques for assessing the performance of large composites structures
Dulieu-Barton, J.M.
(2021)
Full-field imaging techniques for integrity assessment of composite structures
Dulieu-Barton, J.M.
(2020)
Adventures in Thermomechanics: from slow to fast, from expensive to low cost and across length scales
Harrell T
(2023)
Predicting the effect of lightning strike damage on the structural response of CFRP wind blade sparcap laminates
in Composite Structures
I. Jiménez-Fortunato
(2018)
Towards Developing a Calibration Technique to Apply TSA with Microbolometers
| Description | To vision was to provide a novel flexible integrated imaging and loading system for assessment of a wide range of structures across industry sectors following a major investment from EPSRC and matched funding from Industry. Structures 2025 (S2025) is housed in the Large Structures Testing Laboratory (LSTL) in the National Infrastructure Laboratory (N|I|L); which is part of the Boldrewood Innovation Campus at University of Southampton. • Actuators and control system have been supplied by MTS and commissioned in LSTL. • The controller is an MTS FLEXTEST 200 which uses MTS AeroPro software, with facilities for hybrid testing. • 5 actuators from MTS and 5 from Instron covering the range 100 to 2500 kN to allow multiple load paths to be developed. • A reconfigurable set of fixtures and frames has been designed and manufactured to facilitate multiaxial loading of components . • 2 x IX highspeed cameras, MatchID 4 camera optical metrology system, 4 x Infratec high resolution bolometer IR cameras. • A substructural demonstrator based on a wind turbine section has been designed and commissioned, supported by Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy. • A demonstrator system has been designed and commissioned for hybrid testing with additional funding from Data and Analytics Facility for National Infrastructure (DAFNI) (3rd page). • The facility is open for business and a guide to costs for using Structures 2025 can be found on the URL for the facility. The achievements so far comprise a detailed design specification for a fully instrumented large structural scale test - this includes the procurement of a suitable controller for servo-hydraulic actuators and the design and manufacture of test rigs. A new approach to multiaxial testing has been developed, which includes the ability to implement hybrid testing. A new approach to multiaxial testing has been defined which includes a methodology for test rig design and application of full-field imaging to large structural tests. |
| Exploitation Route | This can be used to inform a wide range of test design specifically in component certification. For example: Wind Turbine Blades (WTBs) are large slender structures that are designed and certified by full scale modelling and testing using allowables from the coupon scale with appropriate knockdown factors. Substructure scale testing will allow more realistic allowables to be defined on the structural scale for global blade certification, as well as facilitating analysis of substructures using realistic design/operational load conditions. Resolving the complex global load state into achievable experimental conditions posed a significant challenge, therefore, key components were isolated instead. This test will provide new data regarding the structural behaviour of the T-joint under complex loading and provide a basis for future WTB substructure experiments. Hybrid testing is a combined experimental and numerical approach that allows physical testing of a subcomponent while the rest of the structure is simulated. For the validation of aerospace, transportation, or marine type structures, this opens new avenues of subcomponent testing at a fraction of the cost of full-scale tests, while capturing structural effects not present in coupon tests. The application of hybrid testing to more complex subcomponent, poses significant challenges due to their 'continuous' nature, where sub structuring leads to complex shared boundaries between the experimental and numerical components. This necessitates the need for advanced experimental methods to control and monitor the test. It is the aim of Structures 2025 to develop the required capabilities, and to integrate full-field imaging techniques such as digital image correlation (DIC) and thermoelastic stress analysis (TSA). |
| Sectors | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Construction,Energy,Transport |
| URL | https://www.southampton.ac.uk/engineering/research/facilities/large-structures.page#structures_2025 |
| Description | On International Woman's day in 2020 I used the findings as the basis for a lecture at Rodean School to inspire girls into engineering which has made an impact. We also used the findings to create a wind turbine blade demonstrator and showcased this to industry in February 2022 at an invited meeting for our industrial advisory board. The work is now underpinning an EPSRC funded Programme Grant that involves the aerospace industry and is being showcased internationally at the International Conference on Composite Materials taking place in Belfast in August 2023. We are currently exploring how the facility can be used in the future with several industrial partners. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2020 |
| Sector | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Education,Energy |
| Impact Types | Societal,Economic |
| Description | Certification for Design - Reshaping the Testing Pyramid |
| Amount | £6,924,663 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | EP/S017038/1 |
| Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2019 |
| End | 07/2024 |
| Description | High Speed Imaging Consortium |
| Organisation | Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | This is a partnership we are developing with Instron, DSTL and others that supported out Industrial Advisory Board |
| Start Year | 2009 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | Airbus Group |
| Country | France |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | Arup Group |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | BAE Systems |
| Department | BAE Systems Maritime – Naval Ships |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | BMT Defence Services |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | Member of the Board |
| Start Year | 2009 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | EDF Energy |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | Lloyd's Register |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | NPL Ltd |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | National Composites Centre (NCC) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | Qinetiq |
| Department | QinetiQ (Farnborough) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | Royal National Lifeboat Institution |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | Siemens AG |
| Country | Germany |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | University of Bath |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board |
| Organisation | University of Edinburgh |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Setting up of an Industrial Advisory board, arranging meetings and formulating inputs to the demonstrators for Structures 2025 |
| Collaborator Contribution | Providing technical advise and direction to the project through the Industrial Advisory Board and other interactions |
| Impact | Promoting external usage of the facility |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy |
| Organisation | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy |
| Country | Spain |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy sponsors the project via the CDT in sustainable infrastructure systems at the University of Southampton |
| Collaborator Contribution | Sponsorship in addition to technical input and manufacturing of wind turbine blade substructures for testin |
| Impact | A number of research outputs presented at workshops and international conferences. Journal papers presently under preparation. Novel techniques for high-fidelity structures testing and fusion of numerical and experimental data. |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | technical support of project |
| Organisation | TWI ltd |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Assessment of welded structures |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provision of welded test specimens for the research and technical advice |
| Impact | Publications |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | Bristol Composites Institute Annual Conference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Presentation entitled "Developments in Imaging Approaches for Composite Structures" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Industrial Advisory Board Meeting NPL |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Developing the technology demonstrators for the project and seeking advice on the project direction |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Keynote Lecture Engineering Structural Integrity Conference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Online conference presentation with many questions following on the functionality of the facility |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.fesi.org.uk/events/esia16/ |
| Description | Presentation at Roedean Girls School Brighton |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | A presentation to celebrate International Woman's day 2020 entitled "Engineering the future with images" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Presentation at VILLUM CENTER FOR ADVANCED STRUCTURAL AND MATERIAL TESTING (CASMaT) Mini Symposium |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A presentation made by Janice Barton at an online event for the a Danish Network on Composites Materials and Structures Research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://casmat.dtu.dk/events |
| Description | Presentation to MATCHID User Group Bi-Annual meeting promoting best practice in digital image correlation |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Janice Barton gave a presentation entitled Full Field Data Fusion (FFDF) to reveal subsurface defects in composite structures which described one of the key activities in research challenge 3 of the programme grant. Around 50 delegates were at the 2 day event for Europe and the USA. The work has cemented ongoing collaborations between MatchID and the CERTEST project. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Seminar at University of Surrey |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | A presentation entitled "INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY APPROACHES FOR QUANTITATIVE FATIGUE AND FRACTURE STUDIES IN METALS AND COMPOSITES" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Structures 2025 Industrial Advisory Board |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | The event took place at Airbus Wing Integration Centre (AWIC) and was chaired by the Structures 2025 Chairman Richard Burguete from NPL and supported by Steve Raynes and Paul Richardson from Airbus. The Industrial Advisory Board was given an overview of AWIC and an update on the project and procurement - there was an overview of the actions and outcome of the previous meeting plus 3 minute pitches of ongoing mini demonstrators from PhD students supporting the project. There was an introduction to test specification for demonstrators and a tour of the site. The highlight of the meeting was a breakout and reporting session on the definition of new large scale demonstrators, which has lead to the detailed design of a demonstrator for the project. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Structures 2025 Kick-Off meeting EP/R008787/1 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | The purpose of the meeting was to update on progress and garner ideas for the project from industry. For that reason we allocated two sessions for partner visions where contributed with a two slide 5 minute presentation of what they thought the project deliver. We were particularly interested in ideas for demonstrator projects, where issues of concern can be shared and cross-sectoral challenges in structural design can be identified. We also provided an opportunity to visit our new facility, whist still under construction, to give an impression of the scale of activity envisaged in the new National Infrastructure Laboratory and where Structures 2025 will be housed. AGENDA for Structures 2025 kick off meeting: University of Southampton, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, Building 176, Room 2013 1000 Coffee, welcome and round table introductions 1030 Project overview, status and timeline - Professor Janice Barton (PI) 1100 Industrial Advisory Board (IAB) structure - Professor Richard Burguete (Chair of the IAB) 1130 Partner visions/discussion - chair Professor Ole Thomsen (CoI) 1215 Lunch/tours of new build including new strong floor site 1345 Partner visions/discussion - chair Dr Stephen Boyd (CoI) 1445 Refreshments and wrap-up discussions 1530 -1630 Tours of Laboratory facilities at Highfield: Testing and Structures Lab, X-ray CT, Heavy Structures Lab |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Structures 2025 Launch Event |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | The launch of the facility to industry and academia. The event involved presentations about the construction of the Structures 2025 facility and its overall capability. A tour of the facility was provided with details of how other researchers and industry could access the facility. Breakout groups discussed future use of the facility and funding bids associated with using the facility. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |