Millennium Cohort Study Wave 8

Lead Research Organisation: University College London
Department Name: Social Science

Abstract

The Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) is a large, nationally representative birth cohort study following the lives of over 19,000 cohort members since their infancy. The study has now run for seven sweeps, providing an incredibly rich picture of lives of this generation. The cohort is nearing the end of the critical developmental period spanning late childhood to early adulthood, marking a vital point in the life course and a key turning point in the study.

This proposal makes the case for an eighth sweep of face-to-face data collection at age 22, and for ongoing support for data enhancements, including through linkages of administrative, geographical and other novel data, to maximise its value and impact. In so doing, it will add to the wealth of data already collected through seven major face-to-face sweeps of data collection (at ages 9 months, 3, 5, 7, 11, 14 and 17 years) and three online COVID-19 surveys (at ages 19, 20).

The eighth sweep will be instrumental in studying transitions to adulthood, including in employment, education, partnerships, fertility and residence. It will provide a unique resource for understanding the evolution of inequalities in a range of domains, including in mental health and obesity, which have been major issues facing this generation since childhood. With widespread concern about the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on this generation, striking at a time when the cohort are navigating critical transitions in education and the labour market, the new data collection is ideally primed to capture its influences on young people.

As the first major adult sweep of the study, it will be critical to establish the constructs and associated measures to include at age 22, since in the interests of longitudinal continuity these will then determine the domains and measures that will be included throughout adulthood. The measures chosen will have the dual objective of combining continuity with innovation, both to facilitate studies of within- and cross-generational change, alongside drawing on the most up to date science and leveraging newly emerging technologies where appropriate. To determine the scientific content of the study, we will take an approach that combines a strong resource-driven model with clear research questions. The major areas we plan to cover include but are not limited to education, learning and investment in skills; employment transitions, economic circumstances, the nature of work; mental health and wellbeing; physical health and health behaviours; psychosocial skills and cognitive development; the role of the family; identity and attitudes; digital connectedness; partnership formation and fertility.

We will deposit the data at the UK Data Service within one year of the completion of fieldwork, accompanied by extensive documentation for users to ensure it is widely accessible. We will conduct research on the data to showcase early findings from the study, focusing on highly policy-relevant areas with major gaps in evidence, and will engage with a range of stakeholders including policymakers, the media and third sector in order to maximise impact from the study.

Publications

10 25 50
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Booth C (2021) PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF LEARNING LOSS DURING COVID-19 SCHOOL CLOSURES IN 2020 in British Journal of Educational Studies

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Fitzsimons E (2022) Breastfeeding and Child Development in American Economic Journal: Applied Economics

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Grath-Lone LM (2021) Ethnic bias in data linkage. in The Lancet. Digital health

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Libuy N (2021) Linking education and hospital data in England: linkage process and quality. in International journal of population data science

 
Description Citation in Children's Commissioner Independent Family Review
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
URL https://www.childrenscommissioner.gov.uk/family/family-review/
 
Guideline Title COVID-19 rapid guideline: managing the long-term effects of COVID-19
Description Citation in NICE guideline on long Covid
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Citation in clinical guidelines
Impact The NICE guideline provides recommendations to GPs on identification; planning care; multidisciplinary rehabilitation; follow up, monitoring and discharge; and service organisation. We also updated the list of common symptoms, emphasising that these may be different for children. The guideline cites research from the National Core Studies Longitudinal Health and Wellbeing programme using 10 longitudinal studies (including MCS, Next Steps, BCS70 and NCDS) which found long COVID is associated with a range of sociodemographic and pre-existing health factors.
URL https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng188
 
Description DHSC advice
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
Impact Evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study on the cognitive benefits of breastfeeding helped make the case for a £50 million programme of breastfeeding support led by the Department for Health and Social Care.
 
Description Advancing adolescent mental health and wellbeing research
Amount £755,438 (GBP)
Organisation United Kingdom Research and Innovation 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 05/2023 
End 05/2026
 
Title MCS 4-6: Linked Points of Interest (NEW) 
Description Millennium Cohort Study: Linkage with the Point of Interest Data. MCS4, MCS5 and MCS6 data were linked to the Points of Interest (PoI) data to characterise the physical environment around cohort member residences at the moment of the interview. GIS methods were used together with the Ordnance Survey Integrated Transport Network (ITN) data to create buffers around cohort member's residences. Counts of points of interest, e.g., supermarkets, convenience stores, and others, were created within 400, 800 and 1,600 metres buffers. The categories defined by the PoI data were used to aggregate information, and new categories were derived for specific food outlets. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact None as yet. 
URL https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=8824
 
Title Street level crime data linked to the Millennium Cohort Study 
Description Linking publicly available crime data from data.police.uk to sweeps 4 - 6 of the Millennium Cohort Study. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Paper in process of publication: Adolescents living in trajectories of Crime: An analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study linked to highly granular crime incidents 
 
Description CLOSER Executive Team 
Organisation Bradford Institute for Health Research (BIHR)
Department Born in Bradford
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The purpose of the Executive Team is to: • To oversee CLOSER's work, providing assurance to the funders that CLOSER delivers on its objectives. • To review and provide guidance on proposed changes in CLOSER's activities. • To provide representation from key stakeholder groups and ensure their input to CLOSER's strategy and activities.
Collaborator Contribution • The types of activities Executive Team members will be responsible for, on behalf of CLOSER, are: o Monitoring CLOSER's progress in delivering on its objectives. o Reviewing and approving changes to planned activities. o Supporting the CLOSER Director in coordinating the work of CLOSER. o Providing insights into the funder landscape and potential funding opportunities. o Providing insights into areas for collaboration. o Fostering and maintaining effective relationships with CLOSER partners, key stakeholders, and user groups. o Managing risk across the project. o Acting as an ambassador, promoting CLOSER's work and networking on CLOSER's behalf.
Impact • The Executive Team meet four times a year (three virtual meetings and one in-person meeting).
Start Year 2022
 
Description CLOSER Executive Team 
Organisation The British Library
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The purpose of the Executive Team is to: • To oversee CLOSER's work, providing assurance to the funders that CLOSER delivers on its objectives. • To review and provide guidance on proposed changes in CLOSER's activities. • To provide representation from key stakeholder groups and ensure their input to CLOSER's strategy and activities.
Collaborator Contribution • The types of activities Executive Team members will be responsible for, on behalf of CLOSER, are: o Monitoring CLOSER's progress in delivering on its objectives. o Reviewing and approving changes to planned activities. o Supporting the CLOSER Director in coordinating the work of CLOSER. o Providing insights into the funder landscape and potential funding opportunities. o Providing insights into areas for collaboration. o Fostering and maintaining effective relationships with CLOSER partners, key stakeholders, and user groups. o Managing risk across the project. o Acting as an ambassador, promoting CLOSER's work and networking on CLOSER's behalf.
Impact • The Executive Team meet four times a year (three virtual meetings and one in-person meeting).
Start Year 2022
 
Description CLOSER Executive Team 
Organisation UK Data Service
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The purpose of the Executive Team is to: • To oversee CLOSER's work, providing assurance to the funders that CLOSER delivers on its objectives. • To review and provide guidance on proposed changes in CLOSER's activities. • To provide representation from key stakeholder groups and ensure their input to CLOSER's strategy and activities.
Collaborator Contribution • The types of activities Executive Team members will be responsible for, on behalf of CLOSER, are: o Monitoring CLOSER's progress in delivering on its objectives. o Reviewing and approving changes to planned activities. o Supporting the CLOSER Director in coordinating the work of CLOSER. o Providing insights into the funder landscape and potential funding opportunities. o Providing insights into areas for collaboration. o Fostering and maintaining effective relationships with CLOSER partners, key stakeholders, and user groups. o Managing risk across the project. o Acting as an ambassador, promoting CLOSER's work and networking on CLOSER's behalf.
Impact • The Executive Team meet four times a year (three virtual meetings and one in-person meeting).
Start Year 2022
 
Description CLOSER Executive Team 
Organisation University College London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The purpose of the Executive Team is to: • To oversee CLOSER's work, providing assurance to the funders that CLOSER delivers on its objectives. • To review and provide guidance on proposed changes in CLOSER's activities. • To provide representation from key stakeholder groups and ensure their input to CLOSER's strategy and activities.
Collaborator Contribution • The types of activities Executive Team members will be responsible for, on behalf of CLOSER, are: o Monitoring CLOSER's progress in delivering on its objectives. o Reviewing and approving changes to planned activities. o Supporting the CLOSER Director in coordinating the work of CLOSER. o Providing insights into the funder landscape and potential funding opportunities. o Providing insights into areas for collaboration. o Fostering and maintaining effective relationships with CLOSER partners, key stakeholders, and user groups. o Managing risk across the project. o Acting as an ambassador, promoting CLOSER's work and networking on CLOSER's behalf.
Impact • The Executive Team meet four times a year (three virtual meetings and one in-person meeting).
Start Year 2022
 
Description CLOSER Executive Team 
Organisation University of Manchester
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The purpose of the Executive Team is to: • To oversee CLOSER's work, providing assurance to the funders that CLOSER delivers on its objectives. • To review and provide guidance on proposed changes in CLOSER's activities. • To provide representation from key stakeholder groups and ensure their input to CLOSER's strategy and activities.
Collaborator Contribution • The types of activities Executive Team members will be responsible for, on behalf of CLOSER, are: o Monitoring CLOSER's progress in delivering on its objectives. o Reviewing and approving changes to planned activities. o Supporting the CLOSER Director in coordinating the work of CLOSER. o Providing insights into the funder landscape and potential funding opportunities. o Providing insights into areas for collaboration. o Fostering and maintaining effective relationships with CLOSER partners, key stakeholders, and user groups. o Managing risk across the project. o Acting as an ambassador, promoting CLOSER's work and networking on CLOSER's behalf.
Impact • The Executive Team meet four times a year (three virtual meetings and one in-person meeting).
Start Year 2022
 
Description Collaborative research with Growing up in Australia 
Organisation Australian Bureau of Statistics
Country Australia 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Dr Praveetha Patalay (CLS) spent two weeks at the Australian Institute of Family Studies (AIFS) working on a joint research project on mental health in young people, comparing the UK and Australian experiences
Collaborator Contribution Provided research time to work with Dr Praveetha Patalay during her trip to AIFS, did Australian empirical analysis and assisted with write up of paper
Impact Research paper on mental health and wellbeing among young people in Australia and the UK
Start Year 2019
 
Description Member of ADR UK Conference 2023 Scientific Organising Committee 
Organisation University of Southampton
Department Administrative Data Research Centre for England
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution As a member of the Scientific Committee, I am involved in all decisions concerning the scope of the conference, including decisions around inclusion of specific themes and sessions.
Collaborator Contribution ADR UK is responsible for organising and running the conference
Impact As the conference will take place in Nov 2023, the result, which is a three-day conference, has yet to materialise.
Start Year 2022
 
Description Member of CLOSER Conference Scientific Organising Committee 
Organisation Cohort & Longitudinal Studies Enhancement Resources
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Learned Society 
PI Contribution As a member of the Scientific Committee, I was involved in all decisions concerning the scope of the conference, including decisions around inclusion of specific themes and sessions; I also shortlisted submissions.
Collaborator Contribution CLOSER was responsible for organising and running the conference
Impact 3 day online conference: Preparing for the future III - tackling key challenges facing longitudinal population studies in a post-COVID world
Start Year 2021
 
Description The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute 
Organisation The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Full exome sequencing of Millennium Cohort Study cohort members (approx N =9500). Sanger is carrying this out, at a cost of approx. £500,000. This important new resource will be made available to researchers under appropriate mechanism when complete.
Collaborator Contribution Contributed approx. £500,000 Wellcome Funding to full exome sequencing of MCS cohort member genetic data.
Impact The Sanger Institute, under Matthew Hurles, is conducting full exome sequencing on MCS genetic data. Hurles leads a team focused on deciphering the genetic causes of severe developmental disorders, and understanding how DNA mutates as it is passed from generation to generation. This is a highly multi-disciplinary collaboration across the social and biomedical sciences.
Start Year 2021
 
Description Blog for UCL Stone Centre 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact A blog on 'Breastfeeding and child development', based on the published paper: Fitzsimons, E., and Vera-Hernández, M. 2022. 'Breastfeeding and Child Development.' American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 14(3), pp. 329-66.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://www.stone-econ.org/research/breastfeeding-and-child-development
 
Description Child of the New Century 21st anniversary mailing 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact To mark the first 21 years of Child of the New Century (known as the Millennium Cohort Study to researchers), in March 2023 we are sending a special mailing to study members. This comprises three postcards which have each been designed by a different artist, commissioned by us, and which each represent the study in some way. Each postcard features some words of explanation from the artist and a thank you message from one of the many researchers who have used the study in their work. The mailing also includes a thank you card which we are asking study members to pass on to their parents. The physical mailing is complemented by an email which will link through to the '21 stories' social campaign (see separate entry).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Dataset promotion - MCS linked health data (Hospital Episode Statistics) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact NHS administrative data (Hospital Episode Statistics) have been linked to the Millennium Cohort Study data and made available to researchers through the UK Data Service. The new data release means that these NHS administrative data have now been linked to all four CLS cohort studies. To promote the new dataset to researchers, we published a news item on our website and a Twitter thread (the first tweet in the thread made nearly 3000 impressions).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description DfE CSCAR Seminar 'Health determinants for children receiving statutory support' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact We presented research results to public servants at the Department for Education in the CSCAR Seminar 'Health determinants for children receiving statutory support'.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Freakonomics Podcast 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Described on Freakonomics website as 'In this special episode of Freakonomics, M.D., host Bapu Jena looks at a clever new study that could help answer one of parenting's most contentious questions.' I discussed my recently published research using the Millennium Cohort Study which estimates the causal impact of breastfeeding on children's development.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://freakonomics.com/podcast/how-important-is-breastfeeding-really/
 
Description Keynote at Growing up in Ireland Consultation Event 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Keynote presentation at a consultation event for Growing Up in Ireland in Dublin. Shared insights from MCS experiences with adolescents, including highlights from the findings, lessons from the methods or modes used (response rates, engagement, questionnaire issues etc), and the subsequent impact of the data.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description MCS7 Consultative Conference 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Emla Fitzsimons organised this conference in November 2015 for academics and policymakers to contribute to scientific content at MCS7 (age 17), as a part of the study's scientific development. The conference was attended by academics and policymakers and resulted in very positive feedback with further follow up emails after the event regarding content and evidencing their engagement with it. The conference also received advice across a range of disciplines on content of MCS7 and this will impact on content of MCS7 whilst helping to ensure the multi-disciplinarity nature of the study.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
 
Description Presentation at the Society for Longitudinal and Lifecourse Studies (SLLS), 'Growing Up and Growing Older Across Societies: Harnessing the Power of Comparative Research' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact I presented the paper 'Income volatility and maternal psychological distress: evidence from the UK' at the SLLS 2022 conference, which led to a submission to a Journal.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Presentation of research findings on weapon offending to Home Office 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Presentation of new research findings on weapon offences in late adolescence to Home Office. This was followed by questions and debate.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Presentation of research findings on weapon offending to Youth Endowment Fund 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Third sector organisations
Results and Impact Findings from research on weapon offences were presented to the Youth Endowment Fund, a well-known third sector organisation set up to prevent children and young people becoming involved in violence. The presentation lead to useful discussions afterwards.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Press release: 10% of teenagers have tried hard drugs by age 17 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact A press release and briefing paper were produced to share initial findings from the age 17 survey of the Millennium Cohort Study. The research showed that almost a third of 17-year-olds had tried cannabis and one in 10 had tried harder drugs, such as cocaine, ecstasy and ketamine, with similar rates of experimentation regardless of parents' education level. The findings were covered by BBC News, The Times, Daily Mail, Telegraph, Independent, and Metro, with co-author, Dr Aase Villadsen interviewed on BBC Radio Scotland, TalkRadio and Times Radio.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/10-of-teenagers-have-tried-hard-drugs-by-age-17/
 
Description Press release: One in 11 males have carried or used a weapon at age 17 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact A press release and briefing paper were produced to showcase Millennium Cohort Study research co-authored by Professor Emla Fitzsimons and Dr Aase Villadsen. The study found that at age 17, 9% of males have carried or used a weapon, with one in four of those involved in this form of serious offending reporting they are gang members. The research was covered by the Mail, Telegraph, Wales Online and Police Professional. Dr Aase Villadsen was interviewed on LBC News Radio and Times News Radio.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/one-in-11-males-have-carried-or-used-a-weapon-at-age-17/
 
Description Qualitative Study with MCS cohort members 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact A qualitative research project was conducted in collaboration with Ipsos Mori. MCS participants were invited to take part in a series of focus groups and in-depth interviews which focused on participant reflections on taking part, barriers to participation, how best to engage study members, how best to make contact, preferences regarding survey mode, collecting information from other family members and other aspects of participation. The findings have been used to inform the design of the forthcoming Age 23 Survey.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Social media campaign: Child of the New Century 21 Stories 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact To mark the first 21 years of the Millennium Cohort Study (Child of the New Century), CLS will run a celebratory campaign across its participant-facing social media channels (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter). The '21 Stories' campaign will feature participant reflections, research findings, impact examples, and behind-the-scenes insights into how the study operates. Running for 21 weeks from early March 2023, the campaign will reignite participant enthusiasm in advance of the Age 23 Survey, due to launch in September 2023.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://childnc.net/
 
Description Submission of evidence to UK Parliament Home Affairs Committee on trends and patterns of young people's drug use across the four UK nations 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact This was a response for evidence to a call from UK Parliament Home Affairs Committee on drug use in the UK. We provided a response in relation to a question on trends and patterns of young people's drug use across the four UK nations. Our evidence focused on our analyses of the Millennium Cohort Study at age 17 which we had published previously in a report. The evidence was published on the UK Parliament website, linked below.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://committees.parliament.uk/work/6534/drugs/publications/written-evidence/?SearchTerm=villadsen...
 
Description Webinar: Introducing longitudinal population studies - The ONS Longitudinal Study and LSYPE2 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact This webinar showcased two of the CLOSER partner studies - the ONS Longitudinal Study and the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England 2. The webinar focused on the studies' backgrounds, data collected, data access arrangements, and exemplar research case studies. The event was attended by 64 delegates (60% attendance rate). Of the 11 evaluation forms completed, the majority of delegates rated it as 10/10 for satisfaction and relevancy. Videos and presentation slides were uploaded after the event.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://closer.ac.uk/event/ons-ls-lsype2-webinar/
 
Description Woman's Hour 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Emla Fitzsimons appeared on BBC Woman's Hour on 4 July 2022, interviewed by Emma Barnett, to discuss her research on the importance of round-the-clock hands-on support for breastfeeding in hospitals.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022