Emotional AI in Cities: Cross Cultural Lessons from UK and Japan on Designing for An Ethical Life
Lead Research Organisation:
Bangor University
Department Name: Sch of Music & Media
Abstract
CONTEXT
Emotional AI (EAI) technologies sense, learn and interact with citizens' emotions, moods, attention and intentions. Using weak and narrow rather than strong AI, machines read and react to emotion via text, images, voice, computer vision and biometric sensing. Concurrently, life in cities is increasingly technologically mediated. Data-driven sensors, actuators, robots and pervasive networking are changing how citizens experience cities, but not always for the better. Citizen needs and perspectives are often ancillary in emerging smart city deployments, resulting in mistrust in new civic infrastructure and its management (e.g. Alphabet's Sidewalk Labs).
We need to avoid these issues repeating as EAI is rolled out in cities. Reading the body is an increasingly prevalent concern, as recent pushback against facial detection and recognition technologies demonstrates. EAI is an extension of this, and as it becomes normalised across the next decade we are concerned about how these systems are governed, social impacts on citizens, and how EAI can be designed in a more ethical manner. In both Japan and UK, we are at a critical juncture where these social, technological and governance structures can be appropriately prepared before mass adoption of EAI, to enable citizens, in all their diversity, to live ethically and well with EAI in cities-as-platforms.
Building on our ESRC/AHRC seminars in Tokyo (2019) that considered cross-cultural ethics and EAI, our research will enable a multi-stakeholder (commerce, security, media) and citizen-led interdisciplinary response to EAI for Japan and UK. While these are two of the most advanced nations in regard to AI, the social contexts and histories from which these technologies emerge differ, providing rich scope for reflection and mutual learning.
AIMS/OBJECTIVES
1. To assess what it means to live ethically and well with EAI in cities in cross-cultural (UK-Japan) commercial, security and media contexts.
2. To map and engage with the ecology of influential actors developing and working with EAI in UK-Japan.
3. To understand commercial activities, intentions and ethical implications regarding EAI in cities, via interviews with industry, case studies, and analysis of patents.
4. To ascertain how EAI might impact security/policing stakeholders, and organisations in the new media ecology, via interviews with these stakeholders and case studies in UK-Japan.
5. To examine governance approaches for collection and use of intimate data about emotions in public spaces to understand how these guide EAI technological developments, and to build a repository of best practice on EAI in cities.
6. To understand diverse citizens' attitudes to EAI via quantitative national surveys and qualitative workshops to co-design citizen-led, creative visions of what it means to live ethically and well with EAI in cities in UK-Japan.
8. To feed our insights to stakeholders shaping usage of EAI in cities in UK-Japan.
9. To advance surveillance studies, new media studies, information technology law, science & technology studies, security & policing studies, computer ethics and affective computing via: 24 international conference papers; a conference on EAI; 12 international, refereed journal papers; a Special Issue on EAI.
APPLICATIONS/BENEFITS
We will:
- Raise awareness of UK-Japanese stakeholders (technology industry, policymakers, NGOs, security services, urban planners, media outlets, citizens) on how to live ethically and well with EAI in cities, via co-designed, citizen-led, qualitative visions fed into Stakeholder Policy Workshops; a Final Report with clear criteria on ethical usage of EAI in cites; 24 talks with stakeholders; multiple news stories.
- Set up a think tank to provide impartial ethical advice on EAI and cross-cultural issues to diverse stakeholders during and after the project.
- Advance collaboration between UK-Japan academics, disciplines and stakeholders in EAI.
Emotional AI (EAI) technologies sense, learn and interact with citizens' emotions, moods, attention and intentions. Using weak and narrow rather than strong AI, machines read and react to emotion via text, images, voice, computer vision and biometric sensing. Concurrently, life in cities is increasingly technologically mediated. Data-driven sensors, actuators, robots and pervasive networking are changing how citizens experience cities, but not always for the better. Citizen needs and perspectives are often ancillary in emerging smart city deployments, resulting in mistrust in new civic infrastructure and its management (e.g. Alphabet's Sidewalk Labs).
We need to avoid these issues repeating as EAI is rolled out in cities. Reading the body is an increasingly prevalent concern, as recent pushback against facial detection and recognition technologies demonstrates. EAI is an extension of this, and as it becomes normalised across the next decade we are concerned about how these systems are governed, social impacts on citizens, and how EAI can be designed in a more ethical manner. In both Japan and UK, we are at a critical juncture where these social, technological and governance structures can be appropriately prepared before mass adoption of EAI, to enable citizens, in all their diversity, to live ethically and well with EAI in cities-as-platforms.
Building on our ESRC/AHRC seminars in Tokyo (2019) that considered cross-cultural ethics and EAI, our research will enable a multi-stakeholder (commerce, security, media) and citizen-led interdisciplinary response to EAI for Japan and UK. While these are two of the most advanced nations in regard to AI, the social contexts and histories from which these technologies emerge differ, providing rich scope for reflection and mutual learning.
AIMS/OBJECTIVES
1. To assess what it means to live ethically and well with EAI in cities in cross-cultural (UK-Japan) commercial, security and media contexts.
2. To map and engage with the ecology of influential actors developing and working with EAI in UK-Japan.
3. To understand commercial activities, intentions and ethical implications regarding EAI in cities, via interviews with industry, case studies, and analysis of patents.
4. To ascertain how EAI might impact security/policing stakeholders, and organisations in the new media ecology, via interviews with these stakeholders and case studies in UK-Japan.
5. To examine governance approaches for collection and use of intimate data about emotions in public spaces to understand how these guide EAI technological developments, and to build a repository of best practice on EAI in cities.
6. To understand diverse citizens' attitudes to EAI via quantitative national surveys and qualitative workshops to co-design citizen-led, creative visions of what it means to live ethically and well with EAI in cities in UK-Japan.
8. To feed our insights to stakeholders shaping usage of EAI in cities in UK-Japan.
9. To advance surveillance studies, new media studies, information technology law, science & technology studies, security & policing studies, computer ethics and affective computing via: 24 international conference papers; a conference on EAI; 12 international, refereed journal papers; a Special Issue on EAI.
APPLICATIONS/BENEFITS
We will:
- Raise awareness of UK-Japanese stakeholders (technology industry, policymakers, NGOs, security services, urban planners, media outlets, citizens) on how to live ethically and well with EAI in cities, via co-designed, citizen-led, qualitative visions fed into Stakeholder Policy Workshops; a Final Report with clear criteria on ethical usage of EAI in cites; 24 talks with stakeholders; multiple news stories.
- Set up a think tank to provide impartial ethical advice on EAI and cross-cultural issues to diverse stakeholders during and after the project.
- Advance collaboration between UK-Japan academics, disciplines and stakeholders in EAI.
Planned Impact
By building on our current UK-Japan ESRC project network (2019), our proposed project will raise awareness of UK-Japan stakeholders on how to live ethically and well with Emotional AI (EAI) in cities.
Ethical growth of EAI requires engagement with ethnocentric social, normative, industrial, political and legal issues to promote beneficial over harmful applications. By raising these issues, this project will positively impact the following stakeholders in UK-Japan:
1. The AI Industry will benefit from our insights on cross-cultural normativity which will help companies, from the largest (e.g. IBM, Honda, Fujitsu) to start-ups, understand EAI investment opportunities in UK-Japan.
2(a). Policy-makers who regulate data and media content will benefit from our insights on stakeholders' practices and intentions, citizens' concerns, and governance issues. In UK this includes: Information Commissioners Office (data protection authority), Ofcom (media regulator) and advertising self-regulators (Committee of Advertising Practice, Internet Advertising Bureau, Advertising Standards Authority). In Japan this includes Personal Information Protection Commission (data protection authority).
2(b). Policy-makers in security will benefit from our research insights into security stakeholders' intentions, citizens' concerns and governance issues. These include National Institute for Defense Studies (Japan); multiple police forces (UK).
3. Legislatures will benefit from our insights on how to live ethically and well with EAI. From UK this includes House of Lords Committees on AI, and on Human Rights; House of Commons DCMS Committee, Centre for Data Ethics & Innovation. From Japan this includes Strategic Council for AI Technology (that created Japan's national AI strategy).
4. NGOs will benefit from our insights into citizens' concerns on EAI. Privacy-oriented groups include ORG, PI, Doteveryone, Don't Spy on Me and Big Brother Watch (from UK); PI Japan, local activists (from Japan). Groups tackling disinformation online include FullFact (UK), FactCheck Initiative (Japan), WITNESS (US).
5. Technology standards developers with global reach will benefit from our insights on stakeholders' intentions, citizens' concerns, and governance approaches The PI has excellent contacts at standards groups W3C, Internet Society and IEEE.
6. The public will benefit by understanding how EAI impacts cities-as-platforms across the next 10 years; and by co-designing qualitative visions for their city's use of EAI, they will have a voice in debates about the technology and their cities. This will inform diverse stakeholders in UK-Japan.
Stakeholders 1-4 will be reached via 2 Policy Workshops (Tokyo, London). This will lead to a bilingual Final Report with clear criteria on ethical usage of EAI in cites. The team will meet 24 individual stakeholders for bespoke talks to their sector.
Stakeholder 5 (technology standards developers) will be reached by the PI sharing project insights via Skype meetings with Working Groups, and via a Final Report.
Stakeholder 6 (the public) will be reached (a) via national surveys & Citizen Workshops. (b) Citizens' views will be fed to stakeholders in UK-Japan (in Policy Workshops), potentially influencing use of EAI in cities, and shaping citizens' experiences therein.
All stakeholders will be reached by our think tank to provide impartial ethical advice on EAI and cross-cultural issues. This platform for multi-stakeholder interaction will be staffed by the team and will use RAs for bespoke tasks. It will house a repository of EAI best practice and provide a forum for regular interaction between stakeholders and academics interested in EAI both during and after the grant.
A project website will house our open access journal articles, Final Report and social media feed.
Press releases and marketing depts. of 3 UK & 4 Japan universities will regularly communicate findings to media.
Ethical growth of EAI requires engagement with ethnocentric social, normative, industrial, political and legal issues to promote beneficial over harmful applications. By raising these issues, this project will positively impact the following stakeholders in UK-Japan:
1. The AI Industry will benefit from our insights on cross-cultural normativity which will help companies, from the largest (e.g. IBM, Honda, Fujitsu) to start-ups, understand EAI investment opportunities in UK-Japan.
2(a). Policy-makers who regulate data and media content will benefit from our insights on stakeholders' practices and intentions, citizens' concerns, and governance issues. In UK this includes: Information Commissioners Office (data protection authority), Ofcom (media regulator) and advertising self-regulators (Committee of Advertising Practice, Internet Advertising Bureau, Advertising Standards Authority). In Japan this includes Personal Information Protection Commission (data protection authority).
2(b). Policy-makers in security will benefit from our research insights into security stakeholders' intentions, citizens' concerns and governance issues. These include National Institute for Defense Studies (Japan); multiple police forces (UK).
3. Legislatures will benefit from our insights on how to live ethically and well with EAI. From UK this includes House of Lords Committees on AI, and on Human Rights; House of Commons DCMS Committee, Centre for Data Ethics & Innovation. From Japan this includes Strategic Council for AI Technology (that created Japan's national AI strategy).
4. NGOs will benefit from our insights into citizens' concerns on EAI. Privacy-oriented groups include ORG, PI, Doteveryone, Don't Spy on Me and Big Brother Watch (from UK); PI Japan, local activists (from Japan). Groups tackling disinformation online include FullFact (UK), FactCheck Initiative (Japan), WITNESS (US).
5. Technology standards developers with global reach will benefit from our insights on stakeholders' intentions, citizens' concerns, and governance approaches The PI has excellent contacts at standards groups W3C, Internet Society and IEEE.
6. The public will benefit by understanding how EAI impacts cities-as-platforms across the next 10 years; and by co-designing qualitative visions for their city's use of EAI, they will have a voice in debates about the technology and their cities. This will inform diverse stakeholders in UK-Japan.
Stakeholders 1-4 will be reached via 2 Policy Workshops (Tokyo, London). This will lead to a bilingual Final Report with clear criteria on ethical usage of EAI in cites. The team will meet 24 individual stakeholders for bespoke talks to their sector.
Stakeholder 5 (technology standards developers) will be reached by the PI sharing project insights via Skype meetings with Working Groups, and via a Final Report.
Stakeholder 6 (the public) will be reached (a) via national surveys & Citizen Workshops. (b) Citizens' views will be fed to stakeholders in UK-Japan (in Policy Workshops), potentially influencing use of EAI in cities, and shaping citizens' experiences therein.
All stakeholders will be reached by our think tank to provide impartial ethical advice on EAI and cross-cultural issues. This platform for multi-stakeholder interaction will be staffed by the team and will use RAs for bespoke tasks. It will house a repository of EAI best practice and provide a forum for regular interaction between stakeholders and academics interested in EAI both during and after the grant.
A project website will house our open access journal articles, Final Report and social media feed.
Press releases and marketing depts. of 3 UK & 4 Japan universities will regularly communicate findings to media.
Publications
Bakir V
(2023)
Blurring the moral limits of data markets: biometrics, emotion and data dividends
in AI & SOCIETY
Andrew McStay
(2022)
Education Data Futures
McStay A
(2021)
Emotional AI, Ethics, and Japanese Spice: Contributing Community, Wholeness, Sincerity, and Heart
in Philosophy & Technology
McStay A
(2020)
Emotional AI, soft biometrics and the surveillance of emotional life: An unusual consensus on privacy
in Big Data & Society
McStay A
(2021)
Emotional artificial intelligence in children's toys and devices: Ethics, governance and practical remedies
in Big Data & Society
McStay A
(2022)
In cars (are we really safest of all?): interior sensing and emotional opacity
in International Review of Law, Computers & Technology
McStay A
(2022)
In Cars Are We Really Safest of All?: Interior Sensing and Emotional Opacity
in International Review of Law, Computers and Technology
| Description | We are examining what are the societal implications of the emergence of emotional AI technologies, how will they be deployed in our cities, what is coming next, how do citizens feel about it, are policies appropriate, and what of data ethics in societies with quite different histories and demographics? Also, while it is easy to focus on less desirable elements, what of the good uses of these technologies? Thus, our overall objective is to enable a cross-cultural, citizen-led, multisectoral, anticipatory and interdisciplinary response to emotional AI in UK and Japan. While these are two of the most advanced nations in AI, the social contexts and histories from which these technologies emerge differ, providing rich scope for mutual learning. These findings are in progress, but already include policy analyses, survey work, expert interviewing, and impact-based policy work. |
| Exploitation Route | The cross-cultural aspect has been hit by Covid-19, although we are having intra-group workshops and exchange of insights. Early surveys and insights however have been requested (and sent to) by the UK All Parliamentary Group on AI. Insights have also been adopted by UNICEF (in their AI Policy for Children). |
| Sectors | Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software),Government, Democracy and Justice |
| URL | https://emotionalai.org/ukjapan |
| Description | 2021-2022: Despite COVID-19 challenges, the year has been highly productive for the policy work by the Emotional AI Lab. This year has seen a fruition of international policy-based activity taking place over the last few years, culminating in a range of interventions and influences of policy engagement with emotion-based profiling. Indeed, 2021 was the year policymakers took formal notice of emotional AI This has resulted in positive influence on the United Nations Human Rights Council, which because of the Lab's testimony has acknowledged emotion recognition technologies in the global right to privacy in the digital age. Similarly, 2021 saw UN Committee on the Rights of the Child adopt General Comment 25 on children's rights in relation to the digital environment. Again, the Lab submitted evidence of the need to recognise that profiling of children's emotional life is profoundly problematic. Sections 17, 63 and 64 of General Comment 25 seem to have taken this onboard. (Again, we were the only submission to focus on emotional AI). Likewise, our work on children impacted on UNICEF's 2021 global Policy guidance on AI for children. Of course, this was the year that the EU's AI Act draft documentation was released. This positioned 'emotion recognition' as a policy priority (flagging it in Article 1 of v1 of the draft), giving extra impetus to our project. Notably the Lab's work was cited in a variety of European Parliament research publications that feed into policy decision-making, e.g. on Biometric Recognition and Behavioural Detection, the Digital Services Act, Disinformation and propaganda, Regulating targeted and behavioural advertising in digital services, and Regulating disinformation with artificial intelligence. The Lab's research also fed into to the published Inquiry into the Impact of Social Media on Elections & Electoral Administration, conducted by the Electoral Matters Committee, Parliament of Victoria, Australia. Nine of the Inquiry's 70 Findings, and two out of the Inquiry's 33 Recommendations, was based on our work. 2020-21 By the United Nations in a MOOC; by the UK APPG on AI (to understand the emerging field and its social implications); invited submission to the Australian parliament (Victoria) to understand the impact of emotional AI (social media) on elections; and submission to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child to understand the impact on children of emotional AI in toys and edtech |
| First Year Of Impact | 2020 |
| Sector | Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software),Education,Government, Democracy and Justice |
| Impact Types | Cultural,Societal,Policy & public services |
| Description | Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Invited report: Electoral Matters Committee, Parliament of Victoria (Australia) |
| Geographic Reach | Australia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| URL | https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/images/EMC/21._Vian_Bakir_and_Andrew_McStay_Redacted.pdf |
| Description | Bakir, V., McStay, A. and Urquhart, L. (2020) EMOTION RECOGNITION: TRENDS, SOCIAL FEELING, POLICY ( (For UK All Party Parliamentary Group on Artificial Intelligence) |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health |
| URL | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Hyix108Ly1140qZuggCo7HrwzSOFaIrL/view |
| Description | DCMS Online Harms Inquiry contribution (co-author Prof. Vian Bakir) |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Improved understanding of challenge of misinformation that is spread on social media |
| URL | https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/111198/pdf/ |
| Description | Evidence Submission on UK National Data Strategy |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Submission feeds into an ongoing process of deliberation about the best route forward for UK post Brexit in relation to data protection policy. Our contribution provides input into this debate. |
| URL | https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/6785230/response-to-the-governments-data-a-new-di... |
| Description | Evidence to Justice and Home Affairs Committee on New technologies and the application of the law |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Contribution to evidence seeking process of UK government, which informs policymaking in this area. |
| URL | https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/38857/pdf/ |
| Description | Expert advisor for UK's ICO on biometrics |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | As the UK's regulator, the ICO guides and informs all UK uses of personal data. |
| Description | INVITED REQUEST FOR FOR VIEWS: UK ICO TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION FORESIGHT (BIOMETRICS AND EMOTIONAL AI). |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Setting up of biometrics monitoring that includes emotional AI technologies (McStay is now an ICO advisor partly due to this) |
| URL | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1J5v8thEECtodGvShySWTwVALd-DPIdBn/view |
| Description | Influence on the United Nations Human Rights Council: Global right to privacy in the digital age. |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| URL | http://emotionalai.org/news/2021/10/25/un-human-rights-council-adoption-of-right-to-privacy-in-the-d... |
| Description | Influencing Ofcom (UK media regulator) |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Description | Influencing the Inquiry into the Impact of Social Media on Elections & Electoral Administration, Electoral Matters Committee, Parliament of Victoria (Australia). |
| Geographic Reach | Australia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Our invited research fed into nine of the Inquiry's 70 Findings, and two out of the Inquiry's 33 Recommendations (2021). |
| URL | https://emotionalai.org/news/2021/9/20/emotional-disinformation-on-social-media-advising-australias-... |
| Description | McStay delivered 2 lectures on Emotional AI and human rights for UN Global Campus of Human Rights MOOC |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Description | McStay is an IEEE P7014 member, helping to define a global standard for ethical considerations and practices in the design, creation and use of empathic technology. |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | McStay is an IEEE P7014 member, helping to define a global standard for ethical considerations and practices in the design, creation and use of empathic technology. |
| Description | McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, L. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, L. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. |
| URL | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XVBKQKQkbv4FiBDT-eSBM3VqNiv63B_b/view |
| Description | UN Committee on the Rights of the Child adopts General Comment 25 on children's rights in relation to the digital environment |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | The UNCRC influences all bodies of legislation of signatory members (196 countries) |
| URL | https://emotionalai.org/news/2021/2/4/un-committee-on-the-rights-of-the-child-adoptednbspgeneral-com... |
| Description | UNICEF global policy guidance on AI for children |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | With influence on 196 member states, the policy will also influence standards bodies (such as IEEE P7000, that McStay participates in) and diverse part of industry developing technologies for children. |
| URL | https://www.unicef.org/globalinsight/media/1171/file |
| Title | A narrative approach for researching citizen perspectives online |
| Description | Online workshop participants are taken through a piece of interactive fiction to introduce and familiarise them with new technologies that they are unlikely to have come across before. This approach encourages participants to consider the impact technologies might have on their lives and practices, rather than focussing on the underlying technology. This innovative new narrative approach was highly effective in practice. Benefits included: Increased engagement, avoiding participant fatigue and leading to rich data Mitigation of variation in participants' digital literacy Encouragement of a greater diversity of responses Quick familiarisation with abstract and unfamiliar topics Overcoming individual and group differences through shared encounters in a co-constructed story world Supporting a focus on people and social practices even while exploring the impacts of new technologies Promotion of immersion and empathy with potential users to progress discussion beyond technical considerations The approach would be particularly useful for research that requires consideration of any of the following: emergent or future technology; citizen attitudes; participants' lived experiences. |
| Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
| Year Produced | 2022 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | None yet, but we anticipate this to be use to non-academic researchers seeking to use online means of engaging with citizens, users and potential customers. |
| URL | https://emotionalai.org/news/2022/1/7/domesticating-emotional-ai-a-narrative-approach-for-researchin... |
| Description | Collaboration between ESRC and Japan Science and Technology Fund (JST) |
| Organisation | Chuo University |
| Country | Japan |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | This project is a collaboration between ESRC and JST. The UK team Investigators (Prof. Vian Bakir (Bangor University), Dr. Lachlan Urquhart (Edinburgh university), Dr. Diana Miranda (Northumbria university), Prof. Andrew McStay (Bangor University and UK PI) are funded by ESRC. A parallel programme of work in UK and Japan is taking place across the three-year project to enable a cross-cultural, citizen-led, multisectoral, anticipatory and interdisciplinary response to emotional AI in UK and Japan. This involves coordinated stages of work in the UK and Japan, involving compiling a state-of the art literature review in emotional AI, interviewing UK actors in technology, security and civic discourse spaces, organising national surveys in UK and citizen workshops in UK to see what ordinary people make of emotional AI and its governance; and conducting policy workshops in UK to engage key policy-making and governance actors. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Prof. Peter Mantello (Japan PI, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific), Dr. Hiromi Tanaka (Meiji University), Prof. Nader Ghotbi (Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University), Prof. Hiroshi Miyashita (Chuo University) are funded by JST. Reflecting the UK programme of work, the Japanese team are collaborating on compiling a state-of the art literature review in emotional AI, interviewing Japanese actors in technology, security and civic discourse spaces, organising national surveys in Japan and citizen workshops in Japan to see what ordinary people make of emotional AI and its governance; and conducting policy workshops in Japan to engage key policy-making and governance actors. |
| Impact | Outputs so far 2020 PUBLICATIONS Bakir, V. 2020. Psychological Operations in Digital Political Campaigns: Assessing Cambridge Analytica's Psychographic Profiling and Targeting. Frontiers in Political Communication. 5(67). Paper. Bakir, V. & A. McStay. (2020) Empathic Media, Emotional AI and the Optimization of Disinformation. In M. Boler and E. Davis (eds.) Affective Politics of Digital Media: Propaganda by Other Means. New York: Routledge. Description. Manh Ho, T. Book Review of How emotions are made: The Secret Life of the Brain, by Lisa Barret, for Emotion, Space and Society, Elsevier Publishers. Mantello, P. and Ponton, D. "Virality, Emotion and Public Discourse: The role of memes as prophylaxis and catharsis in an age of crisis" in Discourse and Rhetoric amid COVID 19 Pandemic:Dis/Articulating The 'New Normal,' special issue for Journal of Rhetoric and Communication E-Journal, Issue 47, Jan. 2021. In press. McStay, A. (2020) Emotional AI, Soft Biometrics and the Surveillance of Emotional life: An Unusual Consensus on Privacy, Big Data & Society. Paper. Miyashita, H., EU-Japan Mutual Adequacy Decision, in Yumiko Nakanishi & Olivia Tambou (eds.), The EU-Japan Relationship, Open Access Book, 2020. Miyashita, H. Human-centric Data Protection Laws and Policies: A Lesson from Japan, Computer Law and Security Review, October 2020. Paper. Tanaka, H. In press/2021. "The youth's social media use and gender." Information and Communication Studies 2020. Tanaka, H. Forthcoming/2021. "Gender and Media." Kadobayashi, Takeshi, and Masuda, Norihiro, eds. Critcal Words: Media Theory. Tokyo: Film Art, Inc. Tanaka, H. Forthcoming /scheduled 2021. "Digital Technology and Gender." Gender Center, Meiji University, ed. Diversity and Creativity in the Twenty-first Century. Tokyo: Meiji University Press ACADEMIC CONFERENCES Bakir, V. (2020) Fake news, emotions and action in pandemic times, XXXII Meeting of Philosophy & Theory of Human Sciences", Philosophy Department, UNESP, Brazil Oct2020 (Bakir, keynote conference paper and panel discussion) Bakir, V. & A. McStay (2020) Mediated Emotions and COVID-19, Deakin Univ, Australia, Apr 2020 Bakir, V. & A. McStay (2020) Emotional AI & disinformation, Centre for Information Governance Research Annual Conference, Sussex Univ., UK, Apr 2020 (2 conference papers & panel discussion Emotional AI Team (2021) Computers, Privacy and Data Protection panel organisation on Emotional AI and Cities, Brussels, Belgium, Jan 2021 (Miyashita organiser, Urquhart chair, Podoletz panelist) Emotional AI Team (2020) Emotional AI and Empathic Technologies: Rights, Children and Domestication, CPDP panel, 2020 (Jan 2020, McStay panel organiser) McStay, A (2020) Feeling-into Everyday Life: Empathic Technologies and Ontology (Jun 2020) Russian Academy of Sciences and URAL University, Moscow (McStay conference paper) Miyashita, H. Cultural Attitudes towards Privacy, 54th APPA meeting, 10 December 2020. Miyashita, H. and J. Ellermann, B. Kaiser and J. Toscano (2020) Mass surveillance capitalism - the social (media) dilemma remains Unsolved, 5th EDEN Event on Data Protection in Law Enforcement. 17 December 2020. Tanaka, H. 2020. Digital technology and gender change. Annual Meeting of the International Society for Gender Studies, online, 13 September 2020 Urquhart, L (2021) ACM Conference on Computer Human Interaction Workshop on Human Data Interaction and Design, Japan/Online Apr 2021 (Urquhart organiser) Urquhart, L (2020) Invited Legal Expert Speaker to THRIDI Project Workshop on Trust in Smart Homes, Nov 2020. NON-ACADEMIC Bakir, V. (2020) 'Against opacity in digital political campaigns'. Enniscentrum Data & Maatschappij. Article. Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Disinformation and emotion, PR Academy, Annual Conference, Apr 2020. Mantello, P. "Emotional AI and Japanese society" (July, 28 2020) at JST's FY2020 General Meeting "Program to Create an Environment for Full-Fledged Utilization of Art and Academic Knowledge in Society" (Part of Human-Information Technology Ecosystem Research and Development Area). McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, l. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. McStay, A (2020) Emotional AI and Ethics (Aug 2020), McStay (panel presentation): Co-speaker Ben Bland (IEEE/Sensum), Chair Pamela Pavliscak, School of Information, Pratt Institute, New York. McStay, A. & Pavliscak, P. (2020) A Principled Approach to the Emotion Economy, SXSW, Austin, USA, March 2020 (COVID-19/postponed) McStay, A. (2020) Empathic Technologies: Landscape, Ethics, Citizens (Jun 2020), Emotion AI Conference, New York (to US tech industry). McStay interview (2020) CityScape podcast McStay subject of interview on the ethical implications of the deployment of Emotional AI in smart cities McStay interview (2020): I News (2020) Clearview AI: why the controversial facial recognition technology should be a concern for the UK, according to experts McStay interview: Novara (2020) AI Border Guards are Being Tested at the Edge of Fortress Europe, Away From Public Scrutiny Miyashita, H. and S. Room, V. Artz, P. Breitbarth, J. Jones (2020) The Future of Data Transfers, PrivSec Global, 3 December 2020. Urquhart, L. Open Rights Group (ORG) talk on emotion and facial recognition Oct 2020. Urquhart, L. Just AI Lunchtime Seminar Series, hosted by Ada Lovelace / Nuffield Foundation Urquhart interview (2020) Scottish Institute of Policing Research Annual Review talking about emotional AI UK/Japan project THINK TANK/POLICY ADVICE Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Invited report: Inquiry into the Impact of Social Media on Elections & Electoral Administration, Electoral Matters Committee, Parliament of Victoria (Australia) Bakir, V., McStay, A. and Urquhart, L. (2020) EMOTION RECOGNITION: TRENDS, SOCIAL FEELING, POLICY (Extended briefing paper here and short briefing note here) (For UK All Party Parliamentary Group on Artificial Intelligence) McStay interview (2020) Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation (2020) Snapshot Series: Facial Recognition Technology McStay interview (2020): Big Data Value (an EU policy/industry group) (2020) Turn That Frown Upside Down - Emotional Ai And Regulation. McStay interview and emotional AI topic for Big Data Value (an EU policy/industry group in the Hague) McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, L. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. Miyashita, H. Covid-19 and Data Protection in Japan, Blog droit européen, 31 July 2020. STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT McStay is an IEEE P7014 member, helping to define a global standard for ethical considerations and practices in the design, creation and use of empathic technology. EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS McStay delivered 2 lectures on Emotional AI and human rights for UN Global Campus of Human Rights MOOC (with Ed Snowden and Joe Cannataci) - Dec 2020. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaboration between ESRC and Japan Science and Technology Fund (JST) |
| Organisation | Meiji University |
| Country | Japan |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | This project is a collaboration between ESRC and JST. The UK team Investigators (Prof. Vian Bakir (Bangor University), Dr. Lachlan Urquhart (Edinburgh university), Dr. Diana Miranda (Northumbria university), Prof. Andrew McStay (Bangor University and UK PI) are funded by ESRC. A parallel programme of work in UK and Japan is taking place across the three-year project to enable a cross-cultural, citizen-led, multisectoral, anticipatory and interdisciplinary response to emotional AI in UK and Japan. This involves coordinated stages of work in the UK and Japan, involving compiling a state-of the art literature review in emotional AI, interviewing UK actors in technology, security and civic discourse spaces, organising national surveys in UK and citizen workshops in UK to see what ordinary people make of emotional AI and its governance; and conducting policy workshops in UK to engage key policy-making and governance actors. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Prof. Peter Mantello (Japan PI, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific), Dr. Hiromi Tanaka (Meiji University), Prof. Nader Ghotbi (Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University), Prof. Hiroshi Miyashita (Chuo University) are funded by JST. Reflecting the UK programme of work, the Japanese team are collaborating on compiling a state-of the art literature review in emotional AI, interviewing Japanese actors in technology, security and civic discourse spaces, organising national surveys in Japan and citizen workshops in Japan to see what ordinary people make of emotional AI and its governance; and conducting policy workshops in Japan to engage key policy-making and governance actors. |
| Impact | Outputs so far 2020 PUBLICATIONS Bakir, V. 2020. Psychological Operations in Digital Political Campaigns: Assessing Cambridge Analytica's Psychographic Profiling and Targeting. Frontiers in Political Communication. 5(67). Paper. Bakir, V. & A. McStay. (2020) Empathic Media, Emotional AI and the Optimization of Disinformation. In M. Boler and E. Davis (eds.) Affective Politics of Digital Media: Propaganda by Other Means. New York: Routledge. Description. Manh Ho, T. Book Review of How emotions are made: The Secret Life of the Brain, by Lisa Barret, for Emotion, Space and Society, Elsevier Publishers. Mantello, P. and Ponton, D. "Virality, Emotion and Public Discourse: The role of memes as prophylaxis and catharsis in an age of crisis" in Discourse and Rhetoric amid COVID 19 Pandemic:Dis/Articulating The 'New Normal,' special issue for Journal of Rhetoric and Communication E-Journal, Issue 47, Jan. 2021. In press. McStay, A. (2020) Emotional AI, Soft Biometrics and the Surveillance of Emotional life: An Unusual Consensus on Privacy, Big Data & Society. Paper. Miyashita, H., EU-Japan Mutual Adequacy Decision, in Yumiko Nakanishi & Olivia Tambou (eds.), The EU-Japan Relationship, Open Access Book, 2020. Miyashita, H. Human-centric Data Protection Laws and Policies: A Lesson from Japan, Computer Law and Security Review, October 2020. Paper. Tanaka, H. In press/2021. "The youth's social media use and gender." Information and Communication Studies 2020. Tanaka, H. Forthcoming/2021. "Gender and Media." Kadobayashi, Takeshi, and Masuda, Norihiro, eds. Critcal Words: Media Theory. Tokyo: Film Art, Inc. Tanaka, H. Forthcoming /scheduled 2021. "Digital Technology and Gender." Gender Center, Meiji University, ed. Diversity and Creativity in the Twenty-first Century. Tokyo: Meiji University Press ACADEMIC CONFERENCES Bakir, V. (2020) Fake news, emotions and action in pandemic times, XXXII Meeting of Philosophy & Theory of Human Sciences", Philosophy Department, UNESP, Brazil Oct2020 (Bakir, keynote conference paper and panel discussion) Bakir, V. & A. McStay (2020) Mediated Emotions and COVID-19, Deakin Univ, Australia, Apr 2020 Bakir, V. & A. McStay (2020) Emotional AI & disinformation, Centre for Information Governance Research Annual Conference, Sussex Univ., UK, Apr 2020 (2 conference papers & panel discussion Emotional AI Team (2021) Computers, Privacy and Data Protection panel organisation on Emotional AI and Cities, Brussels, Belgium, Jan 2021 (Miyashita organiser, Urquhart chair, Podoletz panelist) Emotional AI Team (2020) Emotional AI and Empathic Technologies: Rights, Children and Domestication, CPDP panel, 2020 (Jan 2020, McStay panel organiser) McStay, A (2020) Feeling-into Everyday Life: Empathic Technologies and Ontology (Jun 2020) Russian Academy of Sciences and URAL University, Moscow (McStay conference paper) Miyashita, H. Cultural Attitudes towards Privacy, 54th APPA meeting, 10 December 2020. Miyashita, H. and J. Ellermann, B. Kaiser and J. Toscano (2020) Mass surveillance capitalism - the social (media) dilemma remains Unsolved, 5th EDEN Event on Data Protection in Law Enforcement. 17 December 2020. Tanaka, H. 2020. Digital technology and gender change. Annual Meeting of the International Society for Gender Studies, online, 13 September 2020 Urquhart, L (2021) ACM Conference on Computer Human Interaction Workshop on Human Data Interaction and Design, Japan/Online Apr 2021 (Urquhart organiser) Urquhart, L (2020) Invited Legal Expert Speaker to THRIDI Project Workshop on Trust in Smart Homes, Nov 2020. NON-ACADEMIC Bakir, V. (2020) 'Against opacity in digital political campaigns'. Enniscentrum Data & Maatschappij. Article. Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Disinformation and emotion, PR Academy, Annual Conference, Apr 2020. Mantello, P. "Emotional AI and Japanese society" (July, 28 2020) at JST's FY2020 General Meeting "Program to Create an Environment for Full-Fledged Utilization of Art and Academic Knowledge in Society" (Part of Human-Information Technology Ecosystem Research and Development Area). McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, l. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. McStay, A (2020) Emotional AI and Ethics (Aug 2020), McStay (panel presentation): Co-speaker Ben Bland (IEEE/Sensum), Chair Pamela Pavliscak, School of Information, Pratt Institute, New York. McStay, A. & Pavliscak, P. (2020) A Principled Approach to the Emotion Economy, SXSW, Austin, USA, March 2020 (COVID-19/postponed) McStay, A. (2020) Empathic Technologies: Landscape, Ethics, Citizens (Jun 2020), Emotion AI Conference, New York (to US tech industry). McStay interview (2020) CityScape podcast McStay subject of interview on the ethical implications of the deployment of Emotional AI in smart cities McStay interview (2020): I News (2020) Clearview AI: why the controversial facial recognition technology should be a concern for the UK, according to experts McStay interview: Novara (2020) AI Border Guards are Being Tested at the Edge of Fortress Europe, Away From Public Scrutiny Miyashita, H. and S. Room, V. Artz, P. Breitbarth, J. Jones (2020) The Future of Data Transfers, PrivSec Global, 3 December 2020. Urquhart, L. Open Rights Group (ORG) talk on emotion and facial recognition Oct 2020. Urquhart, L. Just AI Lunchtime Seminar Series, hosted by Ada Lovelace / Nuffield Foundation Urquhart interview (2020) Scottish Institute of Policing Research Annual Review talking about emotional AI UK/Japan project THINK TANK/POLICY ADVICE Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Invited report: Inquiry into the Impact of Social Media on Elections & Electoral Administration, Electoral Matters Committee, Parliament of Victoria (Australia) Bakir, V., McStay, A. and Urquhart, L. (2020) EMOTION RECOGNITION: TRENDS, SOCIAL FEELING, POLICY (Extended briefing paper here and short briefing note here) (For UK All Party Parliamentary Group on Artificial Intelligence) McStay interview (2020) Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation (2020) Snapshot Series: Facial Recognition Technology McStay interview (2020): Big Data Value (an EU policy/industry group) (2020) Turn That Frown Upside Down - Emotional Ai And Regulation. McStay interview and emotional AI topic for Big Data Value (an EU policy/industry group in the Hague) McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, L. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. Miyashita, H. Covid-19 and Data Protection in Japan, Blog droit européen, 31 July 2020. STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT McStay is an IEEE P7014 member, helping to define a global standard for ethical considerations and practices in the design, creation and use of empathic technology. EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS McStay delivered 2 lectures on Emotional AI and human rights for UN Global Campus of Human Rights MOOC (with Ed Snowden and Joe Cannataci) - Dec 2020. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Collaboration between ESRC and Japan Science and Technology Fund (JST) |
| Organisation | Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University |
| Country | Japan |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | This project is a collaboration between ESRC and JST. The UK team Investigators (Prof. Vian Bakir (Bangor University), Dr. Lachlan Urquhart (Edinburgh university), Dr. Diana Miranda (Northumbria university), Prof. Andrew McStay (Bangor University and UK PI) are funded by ESRC. A parallel programme of work in UK and Japan is taking place across the three-year project to enable a cross-cultural, citizen-led, multisectoral, anticipatory and interdisciplinary response to emotional AI in UK and Japan. This involves coordinated stages of work in the UK and Japan, involving compiling a state-of the art literature review in emotional AI, interviewing UK actors in technology, security and civic discourse spaces, organising national surveys in UK and citizen workshops in UK to see what ordinary people make of emotional AI and its governance; and conducting policy workshops in UK to engage key policy-making and governance actors. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Prof. Peter Mantello (Japan PI, Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific), Dr. Hiromi Tanaka (Meiji University), Prof. Nader Ghotbi (Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University), Prof. Hiroshi Miyashita (Chuo University) are funded by JST. Reflecting the UK programme of work, the Japanese team are collaborating on compiling a state-of the art literature review in emotional AI, interviewing Japanese actors in technology, security and civic discourse spaces, organising national surveys in Japan and citizen workshops in Japan to see what ordinary people make of emotional AI and its governance; and conducting policy workshops in Japan to engage key policy-making and governance actors. |
| Impact | Outputs so far 2020 PUBLICATIONS Bakir, V. 2020. Psychological Operations in Digital Political Campaigns: Assessing Cambridge Analytica's Psychographic Profiling and Targeting. Frontiers in Political Communication. 5(67). Paper. Bakir, V. & A. McStay. (2020) Empathic Media, Emotional AI and the Optimization of Disinformation. In M. Boler and E. Davis (eds.) Affective Politics of Digital Media: Propaganda by Other Means. New York: Routledge. Description. Manh Ho, T. Book Review of How emotions are made: The Secret Life of the Brain, by Lisa Barret, for Emotion, Space and Society, Elsevier Publishers. Mantello, P. and Ponton, D. "Virality, Emotion and Public Discourse: The role of memes as prophylaxis and catharsis in an age of crisis" in Discourse and Rhetoric amid COVID 19 Pandemic:Dis/Articulating The 'New Normal,' special issue for Journal of Rhetoric and Communication E-Journal, Issue 47, Jan. 2021. In press. McStay, A. (2020) Emotional AI, Soft Biometrics and the Surveillance of Emotional life: An Unusual Consensus on Privacy, Big Data & Society. Paper. Miyashita, H., EU-Japan Mutual Adequacy Decision, in Yumiko Nakanishi & Olivia Tambou (eds.), The EU-Japan Relationship, Open Access Book, 2020. Miyashita, H. Human-centric Data Protection Laws and Policies: A Lesson from Japan, Computer Law and Security Review, October 2020. Paper. Tanaka, H. In press/2021. "The youth's social media use and gender." Information and Communication Studies 2020. Tanaka, H. Forthcoming/2021. "Gender and Media." Kadobayashi, Takeshi, and Masuda, Norihiro, eds. Critcal Words: Media Theory. Tokyo: Film Art, Inc. Tanaka, H. Forthcoming /scheduled 2021. "Digital Technology and Gender." Gender Center, Meiji University, ed. Diversity and Creativity in the Twenty-first Century. Tokyo: Meiji University Press ACADEMIC CONFERENCES Bakir, V. (2020) Fake news, emotions and action in pandemic times, XXXII Meeting of Philosophy & Theory of Human Sciences", Philosophy Department, UNESP, Brazil Oct2020 (Bakir, keynote conference paper and panel discussion) Bakir, V. & A. McStay (2020) Mediated Emotions and COVID-19, Deakin Univ, Australia, Apr 2020 Bakir, V. & A. McStay (2020) Emotional AI & disinformation, Centre for Information Governance Research Annual Conference, Sussex Univ., UK, Apr 2020 (2 conference papers & panel discussion Emotional AI Team (2021) Computers, Privacy and Data Protection panel organisation on Emotional AI and Cities, Brussels, Belgium, Jan 2021 (Miyashita organiser, Urquhart chair, Podoletz panelist) Emotional AI Team (2020) Emotional AI and Empathic Technologies: Rights, Children and Domestication, CPDP panel, 2020 (Jan 2020, McStay panel organiser) McStay, A (2020) Feeling-into Everyday Life: Empathic Technologies and Ontology (Jun 2020) Russian Academy of Sciences and URAL University, Moscow (McStay conference paper) Miyashita, H. Cultural Attitudes towards Privacy, 54th APPA meeting, 10 December 2020. Miyashita, H. and J. Ellermann, B. Kaiser and J. Toscano (2020) Mass surveillance capitalism - the social (media) dilemma remains Unsolved, 5th EDEN Event on Data Protection in Law Enforcement. 17 December 2020. Tanaka, H. 2020. Digital technology and gender change. Annual Meeting of the International Society for Gender Studies, online, 13 September 2020 Urquhart, L (2021) ACM Conference on Computer Human Interaction Workshop on Human Data Interaction and Design, Japan/Online Apr 2021 (Urquhart organiser) Urquhart, L (2020) Invited Legal Expert Speaker to THRIDI Project Workshop on Trust in Smart Homes, Nov 2020. NON-ACADEMIC Bakir, V. (2020) 'Against opacity in digital political campaigns'. Enniscentrum Data & Maatschappij. Article. Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Disinformation and emotion, PR Academy, Annual Conference, Apr 2020. Mantello, P. "Emotional AI and Japanese society" (July, 28 2020) at JST's FY2020 General Meeting "Program to Create an Environment for Full-Fledged Utilization of Art and Academic Knowledge in Society" (Part of Human-Information Technology Ecosystem Research and Development Area). McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, l. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. McStay, A (2020) Emotional AI and Ethics (Aug 2020), McStay (panel presentation): Co-speaker Ben Bland (IEEE/Sensum), Chair Pamela Pavliscak, School of Information, Pratt Institute, New York. McStay, A. & Pavliscak, P. (2020) A Principled Approach to the Emotion Economy, SXSW, Austin, USA, March 2020 (COVID-19/postponed) McStay, A. (2020) Empathic Technologies: Landscape, Ethics, Citizens (Jun 2020), Emotion AI Conference, New York (to US tech industry). McStay interview (2020) CityScape podcast McStay subject of interview on the ethical implications of the deployment of Emotional AI in smart cities McStay interview (2020): I News (2020) Clearview AI: why the controversial facial recognition technology should be a concern for the UK, according to experts McStay interview: Novara (2020) AI Border Guards are Being Tested at the Edge of Fortress Europe, Away From Public Scrutiny Miyashita, H. and S. Room, V. Artz, P. Breitbarth, J. Jones (2020) The Future of Data Transfers, PrivSec Global, 3 December 2020. Urquhart, L. Open Rights Group (ORG) talk on emotion and facial recognition Oct 2020. Urquhart, L. Just AI Lunchtime Seminar Series, hosted by Ada Lovelace / Nuffield Foundation Urquhart interview (2020) Scottish Institute of Policing Research Annual Review talking about emotional AI UK/Japan project THINK TANK/POLICY ADVICE Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Invited report: Inquiry into the Impact of Social Media on Elections & Electoral Administration, Electoral Matters Committee, Parliament of Victoria (Australia) Bakir, V., McStay, A. and Urquhart, L. (2020) EMOTION RECOGNITION: TRENDS, SOCIAL FEELING, POLICY (Extended briefing paper here and short briefing note here) (For UK All Party Parliamentary Group on Artificial Intelligence) McStay interview (2020) Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation (2020) Snapshot Series: Facial Recognition Technology McStay interview (2020): Big Data Value (an EU policy/industry group) (2020) Turn That Frown Upside Down - Emotional Ai And Regulation. McStay interview and emotional AI topic for Big Data Value (an EU policy/industry group in the Hague) McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, L. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. Miyashita, H. Covid-19 and Data Protection in Japan, Blog droit européen, 31 July 2020. STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT McStay is an IEEE P7014 member, helping to define a global standard for ethical considerations and practices in the design, creation and use of empathic technology. EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS McStay delivered 2 lectures on Emotional AI and human rights for UN Global Campus of Human Rights MOOC (with Ed Snowden and Joe Cannataci) - Dec 2020. |
| Start Year | 2020 |
| Description | Bakir, V., McStay, A. and Urquhart, L. (2020) EMOTION RECOGNITION: TRENDS, SOCIAL FEELING, POLICY (For UK All Party Parliamentary Group on Artificial Intelligence) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Bakir, V., McStay, A. and Urquhart, L. submitted an invited report on EMOTION RECOGNITION: TRENDS, SOCIAL FEELING, POLICY. We provided an extended briefing paper = and short briefing note. (For UK All Party Parliamentary Group on Artificial Intelligence) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Hyix108Ly1140qZuggCo7HrwzSOFaIrL/view |
| Description | Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Invited report for Electoral Matters Committee, Parliament of Victoria (Australia) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) submitted an invited report to the Inquiry into the Impact of Social Media on Elections & Electoral Administration, Electoral Matters Committee, Parliament of Victoria (Australia) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/images/EMC/21._Vian_Bakir_and_Andrew_McStay_Redacted.pdf |
| Description | Bakir, V., & McStay, A. (2020) Disinformation and emotion, PR Academy, Annual Conference, Apr 2020. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | We gave a talk and panel discussion with PR practitioners, organised by Univ of Greenwich. It was done online (Zoom) and recorded, and there was a write-up in a PR outlet. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | Chair of CPDP Panel on Emotional AI in Cities |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Chaired a panel at CPDP on Emotional AI in Smart Cities organised under the Emotional AI in UK and Japan project. Further info: On Thursday 28 January, Dr Lachlan Urquhart (Lecturer in Technology Law at Edinburgh Law School) will moderate a panel discussion at this year's Computers, Privacy and Data Protection conference. The panel of speakers will include Dr Lena Podoletz, research fellow in Emotional AI and Smart Cities. CPDP is an annual three-day conference devoted to privacy and data protection. The 14th edition of CPDP will be held on 27-29 January 2021. It offers a forum where different voices are heard and where positions are compared debated, approached or differentiated. Although the event would usually take place in Brussels, CPDP2021 will of course be hosted online. Dr Urquhart's contribution as moderator at this major European event is linked to his work on the research team of an Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) project entitled 'Emotional AI in Cities: Cross Cultural Lessons from UK and Japan on Designing for An Ethical Life'. This project explores biometric and online technologies that sense, learn and interact with emotions, moods, attention and intentions. It also examines the societal implications of these technologies in cities both in the UK and Japan. Fellow Co-I and colleague, Dr Hiroshi Miyashita from Chuo University is resposible for organising the CPDP2021 panel, which also include speakers Hiroshi Miyashita (Chuo University), Lena Podoletz (University of Edinburgh), Konstantina Vemou (EDPS), Kentaro Ryu (ZMP) and Paul Breitbarth (Trustarc). They will compare the emergence of emotional AI technologies in Japanese and UK/EU contexts. Unpacking the philosophical, social, ethical, cultural, legal and design questions surrounding tracking of affect, emotion and intention in settings such as homes, workplaces and public spaces. Speakers will reflect on how machine-readable emotions will impact fundamental rights and citizen interests, particularly in relation to information privacy, data protection and human relationships with synthetic personalities. The panel will consider some implications of data protection in the case of facial recognition and autonomous robot car in public spaces and smart cities. Speakers will then reflect on how machine-readable emotions will impact fundamental rights and citizen interests, particularly in relation to information privacy, data protection and human relationships with synthetic personalities. The panel will consider some implications of data protection in the case of facial recognition and autonomous robot car in public spaces and smart cities. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.law.ed.ac.uk/news-events/news/dr-lachlan-urquhart-discuss-emergence-emotional-ai-technol... |
| Description | Emotional AI Lab on 'The Critical Technology Podcast' |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Andrew McStay of the Lab joined Dr. Sara Grimes (Director of the KMDI, and expert on digital play) to talk about the ethics and impacts of AI technologies designed to read and respond to our emotions, and their growing presence in children's lives. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://emotionalai.org/news/2022/2/15/emotional-ai-lab-on-the-critical-technology-podcast |
| Description | Expecting the Future Presentation at 4S conference |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Presented the paper 'Expecting the Future: Emerging Narratives on Automated Facial and Emotion Recognition Technologies.' with D. Miranda. at the leading Science and Technology Studies event the 4S Conference 2021 Toronto, Canada/Online. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/activities/4s-2021 |
| Description | IEEE article for industry group |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | A position piece for standards body IEEE about harm/benefits of emotional AI |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://technologyandsociety.org/hello-automated-empathy/ |
| Description | Interview for Hamodia (New York-based news outlet for orthodox Jews) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview on solutions to global false information by Vian Bakir for Hamodia (New York-based news outlet for orthodox Jews) Nov 2021. Bakir is cited extensively in the story. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/files/39703966/Hamodia_Nov_2021.pdf |
| Description | Interview for Vodafone news |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Interview for industry body |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://newscentre.vodafone.co.uk/smart-living/digital-parenting/should-you-let-your-children-play-w... |
| Description | Interview on Solutions to Global Misinformation (for EU Horizon 2020 project newsletter) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | The newsletter is for an EU funded project on Citizen Science (Citizen Scientists Investigating Cookies and App GDPR compliance) ( 1 Oct 2021). It is sent to the project's advisory board, project partners and wider dissemination routes |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://csi-cop.eu/third-newsletter |
| Description | Interview with Financial Times |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interview about emotional AI |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Interview with The Telegraph |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview with the Telegraph about future of work |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2021/03/12/hr-departments-impose-tech-tyranny-woke-workplace/ |
| Description | Interview with Washington Post |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interview on robots/dating |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/08/06/china-online-dating-love-replika/ |
| Description | Invited Legal Expert to HDI THRIDI Workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | I was invited as the legal expert speaker on an interdisciplinary panel to provide reflections on the first day of the workshop looking at interface design and smart home cybersecurity. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.brunel.ac.uk/news-and-events/events/2020/brand-webinars/Trust-in-home-rethinking-interfa... |
| Description | Invited lecture on 'Regulating for Human Centered AI' |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited lecture on 'Regulating for Human Centered AI' at the '2021 Bilgi University IT Law International Summer School on Artificial Intelligence'. Istanbul, Turkey / Online. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://aipractice.bilgi.edu.tr/en/ |
| Description | Just AI Seminar Series |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | Invited to participate in a lunchtime seminar run by the Ada Lovelace Institute/Nuffield Foundation to discuss my research projects. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | McStay delivered 2 lectures for UN Global Campus of Human Rights MOOC |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | McStay delivered 2 lectures on Emotional AI and human rights for UN Global Campus of Human Rights MOOC (with Ed Snowden and Joe Cannataci) - Dec 2020 |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | McStay interview (2020) CityScape podcast |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press) |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | McStay interview (2020) CityScape podcast McStay subject of interview on the ethical implications of the deployment of Emotional AI in smart cities |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://peloton-events.co.uk/podcasts/ |
| Description | McStay interview (2020) Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation (2020) Snapshot Series: Facial Recognition Technology |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | McStay interview (2020) Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation (2020) Snapshot Series: Facial Recognition Technology |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/9052... |
| Description | McStay interview (2020): Big Data Value (an EU policy/industry group) (2020) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | McStay interview (2020): Big Data Value (an EU policy/industry group) (2020) Turn That Frown Upside Down - Emotional Ai And Regulation. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.big-data-value.eu/turn-that-frown-upside-down-emotional-ai-and-regulation/ |
| Description | McStay interview (2020): I News (2020) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Interviewed on emotional AI for I news. Article; Clearview AI: why the controversial facial recognition technology should be a concern for the UK, according to experts |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://inews.co.uk/news/technology/clearview-ai-facial-recognition-technology-uk-explained-396656 |
| Description | McStay interview: Novara (2020) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | McStay interview: Novara AI Border Guards are Being Tested at the Edge of Fortress Europe, Away From Public Scrutiny |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://novaramedia.com/2019/12/04/15957/ |
| Description | McStay is an IEEE P7014 member, |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | McStay is an IEEE P7014 member, helping to define a global standard for ethical considerations and practices in the design, creation and use of empathic technology. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | McStay, A (2020) Emotional AI and Ethics (Aug 2020), McStay (panel presentation): Co-speaker Ben Bland (IEEE/Sensum), Chair Pamela Pavliscak, School of Information, Pratt Institute, New York. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | McStay, gave a panel presentation on Emotional AI and Ethics with co-speaker Ben Bland (IEEE/Sensum), Chair Pamela Pavliscak. The audience was approx 30 university students at School of Information, Pratt Institute, New York. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | McStay, A. & Pavliscak, P. (2020) A Principled Approach to the Emotion Economy, SXSW, Austin, USA, March 2020 (COVID-19/postponed) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | McStay, A. & Pavliscak, P. were selected from a competitive field to present a panel ( A Principled Approach to the Emotion Economy) at technology festival SXSW, Austin, USA, March 2020. (COVID-19/postponed) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | McStay, A. talk on Emotion AI Conference, New York (to US tech industry). |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | McStay, A. (2020) Empathic Technologies: Landscape, Ethics, Citizens (Jun 2020), Emotion AI Conference, New York (to US tech industry). |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| Description | McStay, A., Rosner, G., Miyashita, H. and Urquhart, l. (2020) Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment for UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | On behalf of The Emotional AI Lab, this submission (Comment on Children's Rights In Relation To Emotional AI And The Digital Environment) to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child.discusses technologies that gauge child biometrics to infer emotion and other qualitative states. It focusses on (1) children's toys and services; and (2) educational technologies (edtech). Paragraphs addressed are: 2, 14, 21, 25, 39, 42, 43, 56, 70, 76, 107. Key insights o Emotional AI technology is not yet in widespread use in children's products, but is expected to increasingly appear in the 2020s. o Parents have mixed feelings about emotional AI used with their children: they see benefits, and they are wary. o Experts in child development, child privacy, education technology, online safety and emotional AI see serious potential harms to the introduction of emotion and mood detection to children's products. o Current data protection and privacy law is very focused on adults. Such regulations are likely not comprehensive enough to address the potential harms of child-focused emotional AI. o Policymakers should consider a ban on using children's emotion data to market to them or their parents. o The use of emotion detection technologies, and the storage of data about children's moods and emotions, could have long-lasting impacts and cause children to be treated unfairly, both in childhood and later in adulthood. o The UN's Convention on the Rights of the Child is valuable to guide the governance of children's emotional AI technologies, but careful interpretation of §1 Art. 29 (on development of the child to their fullest potential) is required. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XVBKQKQkbv4FiBDT-eSBM3VqNiv63B_b/view |
| Description | ORG Facial and Emotion Recognition Panel |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | Participated in an online Open Rights Group Glasgow event on Emotional and Facial Recognition with Areeq Chowdhury and Benedetta Catanzarati |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://scotland.openrightsgroup.org/events/org-glasgow-presents-facial-recognition-the-big-picture/ |
| Description | Organised and ran an international day long workshop on 'Human Data Interaction Through Design: An Exploratory from Theory to Practice Using Design as a Vehicle' at 'ACM SIGCHI Conference 2021'. Yokohama, Japan/Online. |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Workshop with experts to define agenda for HDI research in HCI - involved industry, academia and beyond. Resulted in a Manifesto for action and community building follow on work. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | http://designresearch.works/chi2021-hdi-workshop/ |
| Description | The Moral-IT Cards: A Tool for Ethics by Design |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | This talk introduces the Moral-IT deck, a Responsible Research and Innovation toolkit built to support designers' reflection on ethical issues when creating new technologies. Awareness of technologists' responsibilities is growing as it no longer becomes sustainable to focus purely on building functioning systems, but instead they need to consider the wider social, ethical and legal implications of their work. The toolkit uses physical ideation cards, a design tool popular in human computer interaction research. The cards prompt engagement with digital ethics concepts by posing questions about requirements from law, privacy, security and ethics frameworks in a more accessible, visually appealing card-based form. In this talk, Lachlan Urquhart will describe a user-friendly impact assessment board that has been developed. It poses questions about risks (including ranking their severity), considering the likelihood of occurrence, mapping out appropriate safeguards, and formulating strategies for implementing the safeguards. Lachlan will also discuss our empirical evaluation of the toolkit through a series of workshops using focus groups and questionnaires, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of a card-based approach, findings from data analysed, and lessons for building ethics into design. What does the use of such cards could tell us about cards as a tool, the technologies under discussion, and the nature of the ethics of emerging technology? Dr Lachlan Urquhart is a Lecturer in Technology Law at the University of Edinburgh and Visiting Researcher at Horizon, University of Nottingham. He has a multidisciplinary background in computer science (PhD) and law (LL.B; LL.M). His main research interests are in human computer interaction, ubiquitous computing, data protection and cybersecurity. He has won over £2m in grants from funding bodies including from EPSRC, ESRC, AHRC, Universitas 21, Impact Accelerator Funds, and Research Priority Funds. For recent publications and project activities, see here. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.cdcs.ed.ac.uk/events/moral-IT-deck-tool-ethics-by-design |
| Description | invited panellist on 'Trustworthy AI by Design' at the 'Centre for Internet Governance Research Annual Conference' |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited panellist on 'Trustworthy AI by Design' at the 'Centre for Internet Governance Research Annual Conference'. University of Sussex, England/Online |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |