Facilitating the application and impact of natural hazard science through participatory engagement and policy development

Lead Research Organisation: University College London
Department Name: Civil Environmental and Geomatic Eng

Abstract

The purpose of this fellowship is to establish and develop best practice for knowledge exchange across interdisciplinary projects in different hazard environments and contexts. My goal is to work with researchers and project partners to promote information-sharing between disciplines, and to build relationships that enhance international cooperation in the event of a disaster. This will be achieved through facilitating data sharing and data management best practice, attending meetings, and working closely with project researchers and partners. I will also work across IRNH projects to engage with the research teams and work with the consortia to identify key end users of the research findings, and to process outputs into usable formats for these groups. To promote best practice in knowledge exchange across disciplines, I propose to work with the other KE fellow to establish an interdisciplinary network and a workshop for interdisciplinary practice. This network and workshop will bring together researchers, practitioners, policy makers, students and others to share knowledge of the interdisciplinary process, and to facilitate the development of best practice. This knowledge exchange will inform the research process of the IRNH projects.

Both IRNH projects will focus on working with identified communities at risk, either from earthquake or volcanic hazards. In order to translate knowledge and to influence policy and practice beyond the boundaries of research, and to achieve measurable project impact, a variety of end users will need to be identified and engaged in the research process. These will include: community members, practitioners, researchers and policy makers. To facilitate the flow of communication and information between researchers and stakeholders, particular emphasis will be placed on two areas in order to increase project impact: to promote and evaluate the uptake of knowledge in local communities at risk, and to disseminate knowledge across a wide network of end users by developing policies from a sound evidence base.

At a local level I will work between researchers and local communities to engage with stakeholders and to develop trust through establishing long-term relationships. To achieve maximum impact at a local level, I propose to work alongside the STREVA project and focus on working with local partners and stakeholders in the trial volcano locations (St Vincent, Colombia and Ecuador). Local engagement and shared generation of knowledge will be achieved by working in a participatory way with local communities and partners, and methods would be transferable to any hazard location. I will work in collaboration with social scientists, and interview and focus group methods will be used to engage with stakeholders at two stages in the project. Initially, in order to identify stakeholder needs and capacities, and to identify any barriers to increasing resilience locally. This would be used to inform the STREVA project researchers of where their work will have the most impact. At a later stage, preliminary research outputs will be fed back to local stakeholders, to discuss and refine findings with them. This will start the process of embedding research outputs into practice. After an agreed period of time I will return to the workshop locations to assess project impact at a local level, using agreed measures of success that will be dependent on the project outputs.

At the policy level I will collaborate with the other KE fellow, the Impact Advisory Group, the PURE Programme Network and policy makers both in the UK and globally, in order to develop policies and frameworks that are grounded in the research findings. The collaboration will facilitate the translation of research results into accessible policy guidelines. Liaison and attending conferences of global initiatives such as the UNISDR will further disseminate the findings of the research and communicate these at the policy level.

Publications

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The World Social Science Fellows On Risk Interpretation And Action (2014) Reporting on the Seminar - Risk Interpretation and Action (RIA): Decision Making Under Conditions of Uncertainty in Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies

 
Description Key findings are that impacts are varied, diverse and time-dependant. There are multiple different types of impact (conceptual, capacity-building and instrumental) that manifest during large inter-/transdisciplinary projects as well as those that will manifest with more time. These impacts are fostered by genuine co-design approaches and prolonged (intermittent/frequent) stakeholder engagement. Evidence has been gathered from interviews with researchers, partners and collaborators in St Vincent and Colombia from 2014-2016 during this award. This evidence documents the types of impacts manifesting in Colombia and St Vincent within 1.5-2 years after project initiation of activities and research in-country. There is huge variety of conceptual impacts including changes in awareness and knowledge, changing attitudes, collaborator empowerment, shifts in the status of organisations and international projects among many others. Also capacity-building evidenced through changes in relationships and networks and accessible (and used) outputs, and instrumental impact in disaster resettlement policy (Colombia) and follow-on community engagement and preparedness planning initiatives/projects (St Vincent). Impact findings are to be published in an International Journal publication.
Exploitation Route Shared with STREVA project verbally and in written reports.
Presented key lessons learned from this approach at a NERC Knowledge Exchange Network meeting in Royal Holloway in November 2016.
Journal publication in-progress by Victoria Sword-Daniels.
Sectors Environment,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections

 
Description Work in Colombia was used to co-design the STREVA workshop, tailor the research of STREVA to the context, broker and develop relationships that will sustain the support the project over the years to come, inform the selection of which volcano to work on in Colombia, and gather information to inform STREVA researchers of the context from pre-workshop findings and at the STREVA workshop in October, baseline data-gathering of the lessons from past eruptions at Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia together with governmental, non-governmental, educational and community organisations and actors (from National to local level). St Vincent, education conference (held in March 2015). Since the STREVA workshop in January I have kept in contact with a woman from the University of West Indies Open Campus. I met with her during the workshop, to discuss STREVA and opportunities to assist with impact and education. I was introduced by a Red Cross contact on the island, who I had met at the workshop. Following the meeting at UWI Open Campus my contact suggested that perhaps a conference held on island about disasters could be held, and that she would like to include volcanic hazards in the conference as a result of hearing about STREVA. I have intermittently spoken with her, supporting the idea, and providing contacts of people on the Island who she could work with (Red Cross, NEMO and UWI DRR Unit in Jamaica). These institutions were all present at the St Vincent STREVA workshop and who I had contacts for. I passed on their details. On 17 July my contact sent through a Call for Papers for this conference. The idea has developed into a full conference event, to be held in March in St Vincent. The conference is co-run with NEMO and the Red Cross. I have forwarded the flyer to STREVA and encouraged their attendance and presentations at the event to show our support. I have requested any inputs for funding ideas, as my contact asked for funding suggestions. This has been locally owned and led, but encouraged and assisted in making connections through my KE role. A flyer for the conference is attached. Along with an email chain showing our dialogue since January 2014. STREVA applied for additional funding to run a bolt-on workshop to discuss ashfall impacts, which has been successfully funded through NERC. The initial 'country conference' has enabled STREVA to add-on further activities in-country to bring stakeholders (including utilities companies) together to discuss how a future volcanic eruption may affect them, and how they might reduce their risk, this time in the context of ash fall hazards. Through my attendance of Policy talks to learn more about how to engage with policy-makers, I helped Jenni Barclay (STREVA's P.I.) to write introductory letters to large policy organisations in the Caribbean region to invite them to attend and participate in the STREVA ash hazard workshop in March. Jenni said that she has received positive responses from many of those contacted.
First Year Of Impact 2014
Sector Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Agriculture, Food and Drink,Education,Environment,Government, Democracy and Justice,Transport
Impact Types Societal,Policy & public services

 
Description Invited contribution to HFA2
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
 
Title Documenting impact on-the-ground in STREVA case study areas 
Description This methodology will develop to inform resilience-building approaches, and learning how to affect, and assess, change at a local level. I have developed a 'baseline' of information gathered in St Vincent, to serve as a starting point for future evaluation and learning about the observable (and many won't be observable) ways in which the project has generated impact at a local level. To gather this information I took part in the STREVA workshop in St Vincent and stayed in St Vincent after the workshop in order to meet with stakeholders, working closely with the Governance work package to hold meetings and some informal interviews. We met with 9 stakeholders during this time, mainly from Ministries within Government for land use planning, transport, education... as well as the Red Cross. This provided much information about the context in St Vincent now. I have subdivided the information into the work packages of STREVA, as a way of trying to distil and make sense of the varied baseline information, and to aid change as I track forwards. I also have baseline information for Colombia from fieldwork in February-March, August and the STREVA workshop in October, and process into the same format as St Vincent. I plan to return yearly to case study areas to try to see what I can to trace change, mainly by undertaking interviews with risk management stakeholders and partners (organisational and institutional level within each region only, I don't have time or resource to look at individual/community level in each case study area) to gather 'stories of change'. This will identify attributions of change, descriptions of impact (or not) an underlying reasons for any changes. This informs any study aiming to build resilience and achieve impact at a local level, beyond only attaining 'impact' within academia (i.e. peer-reviewed publications). 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact In development, will evolve over the fellowship 
 
Title Documenting learning and change within the STREVA project 
Description Understanding how a consortia project learns to work in an interdisciplinary way, as the project learns, modifies in approach, as the researchers learn together and work in an interdisciplinary way, and how the project integrates stakeholders needs and wishes. This documents the 'learning journey' of a complex project, serving to inform future collaborations in how to work more effectively. I use a mix of approaches including: developing Theories of Change with Researchers for each of the case study areas (can be repeated over time to document change in thinking and strategy); surveying researchers and partners about their wants/needs of the project and the research goals in an 'outcome expectancy' survey form (can be repeated for each case study area and/or over time to document changes); learning interviews conducted with researchers (repeated annually) to reflect on their learning journey through the interdisciplinary research process. This approach is more likely to document changes as they happen, to inform steps towards working in an interdisciplinary way, and steps towards 'learning' as a project. This all feeds-in to understanding interdisciplinary practice, and to developing guidelines for interdisciplinary best practice at the end of the fellowship. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact In development - feedback given the the project as each of these data-gathering efforts are analysed to inform and shape the project along-the-way. 
 
Description British Red Cross 
Organisation British Red Cross
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution The British Red Cross invited me to a workshop "Strengthening resilience in urban systems" on 18 June 2014, I participated, and we shared knowledge on the topic of strengthening resilience (engagement approaches and research-evidence). Several connections were made with individuals with interests in similar areas, including Practical Action, Arip Internatioal Development and Red Cross. A number of other INGO participants attended also.
Collaborator Contribution The British Red Cross invited me to a workshop "Strengthening resilience in urban systems" on 18 June 2014, hosted by the Red Cross. Following this I have been invited to join the Interagency Resilience Learning Group (IRLG) (initially set up for DFID Programme Partnership Agreement (PPA) holders, but since expanded to other NGO's and a few selected researchers), within this forum we stay in touch, share information and learning about resilience. This enables me greater connectivity with the INGO sector.
Impact Interagency Resilience Learning Group (IRLG) member
Start Year 2014
 
Description Red Cross, Colombia 
Organisation Colombian Red Cross
Country Colombia 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution We ran the STREVA workshop in Colombia, bringing the regions of Caldas and Tolima together, with emergency managers, local Red Cross, local communities and national government bodes UNGRD and SGC. We involved the Red Cross early-on and had discussions with the National level in Bogota in February and August to understand their ongoing work in this area, and how STREVA research could add value to this. This was accounted for in the design (focal areas) of the research in Colombia. We covered costs of transport, accomodation, food for the workshop and each stakeholder shared their knowledge and expertise.
Collaborator Contribution Caldas branch of the Red Cross provided a vnue for 2 days of the workhop in Armero Guayabal and some members of the Red Cross accompanied us to Cerro Machin to share their experiences from the 'forensic' volcano (eruptions at Nevado del Ruiz) with those in the 'trial' volcano (Cerro Machin, not erupted for many years).
Impact STREVA workshop in Colombia 2014
Start Year 2014
 
Description Servicio Geologico Colombiano (SGC) 
Organisation Colombian Geological Service
Country Colombia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution We developed the STREVA research strategy with SGC (and other in-country stakeholders) wants and needs in mind, and added-in pre-workshop KE technical discussions to meet capacity-building wants and needs of SGC: adding two days of work for STREVA researchers involved in these activities and jointly sharing our expertise. We co-designed the October STREVA workshop and the pre-workshop KE technical discussions, working in partnerships for each of these activities, with one STREVA researcher and one SGC staff member working on each aspect.
Collaborator Contribution SGC provided logistical support in Manizales in Colombia, and arranged transfers from the airport, introduced us to their observatory staff and we started to discuss ideas and their wants/needs for the STREVA workshop in October. We co-designed the October STREVA workshop and the pre-workshop KE technical discussions, working in partnerships for each of these activities, with one STREVA researcher and one SGC staff member on each aspect. They contributed much time in helping with logistics for the STREVA workshop, paid for many of their staff to attend the pre-workshop KE technical discussons, and paid for a few of their staff to attend the entire workshop (staff time, hotel costs). They also rpovided 3 4WD vehicales for the duration of the workshop.
Impact STREVA workshop held in October 2014 (multi-disciplinary and multi-stakeholder)
Start Year 2014
 
Description UKCDS 
Organisation Wellcome Trust
Department UK Collaborative on Development Research
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution I was part of the planning committee for, and attended and presented some of my research at the SIN/UKCDS workshop titled "good enough risk assessment" in Colombia (February), for an audience that included UKCDS and Public Health England as well as several universities and institutions from around the world.
Collaborator Contribution UKCDS funded flights and hotels for this workshop in Colombia. I have since been invited to present at the Disasters Research Group meeting held at UKCDS.
Impact Good Enough Risk Assessment workshop. I am awaiting the workshop report, from which there are plans to collaborate in writing this up for a journal publication.
Start Year 2014
 
Description Unidad Nacional para Gestion de Riesgo (UNGRD) 
Organisation National Unit for Disaster Risk Management
Country Colombia 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution In February and August visits we introduced the STREVA project and gave research presentations, and an MOU is now under-review between UNGRD and the British Geological Survey (BGS) to facilitate collaboration. We co-designed the October STREVA workshop in collaboration with them and SGC, taking account of their wants and needs and being careful to complement in-country activities.
Collaborator Contribution In February and August visits UNGRD provided links with the Red Cross that facilitated our meeting with them, they gave presentations about their work, and an MOU is now under-review between UNGRD and the British Geological Survey (BGS) to facilitate collaboration. We co-designed the October STREVA workshop in collaboration with them and SGC, taking account of their wants and needs. In October they provided logistical support, helped with participants for the workshop, and paid for two members of the National Unit to attend the workshop.
Impact STREVA Colombia workshop in October 2014
Start Year 2014
 
Description University of La Salle, Colombia 
Organisation University of La Salle
Country Colombia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution My colleagues and I gave short talks to engineering students at the university upon request. We continue to keep in contact as we plan future Colombia research.
Collaborator Contribution Our contact aided logistical planning the 'Good enough Risk Assessment' workshop organised by UKCDS and SIN (I was a planning team member for this workshop), the University provided a venue for the workshop free of charge, provided in-kind support to our follow-on KE fieldwork in Colombia by aiding us with contacts, and also acted as a key informant about ongoing research in Colombia related to risk and resilience.
Impact As described above, no other outputs yet.
Start Year 2014
 
Description University of Manizales 
Organisation University of Manizales
Country Colombia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution To design the KE technical discussion activity in Social Science methods I talked extensively with SGC about what they wanted from this event, and where to start the learning from. We decided to start at the beginning, with a basic introduction to social science methods. Having met with a contact at UNGRD with links to the University of Manizales, and obtaining further contacts in the social science department there from UNGRD, (who have recently signed an MOU with University of Manizales) I coordinated contact between a STREVA researcher (Teresa Armijos) and the University of Manizales. As a result of this, instead of Teresa and I designing social science methods workshop materials (which we did anyway as a back-up), the University offered to host the 2 days of pre-workshop KE technical discussions free of charge, and made a proposal to deliver the social science methods workshop themselves. This is exactly what we wanted: to build relationships between local institutes so that SGC could seek social science support from a local university, without creating dependence on an overseas project (STREVA). This is a longer-term capacity-building strategy. There are ongoing plans within STREVA to continue to work with the University of Manizales in data-gathering for research into social vulnerability in upcoming research.
Collaborator Contribution The University of Manizales offered to host the 2 days of pre-workshop KE technical discussions free of charge (2-3 October 2014), and made a proposal to deliver the social science methods workshop themselves. This was presented in a one-day workshop for SGC and UNGRD staff, supported by myself and Teresa Armijos from STREVA. Further, they attended the rest of the workshop and brought students who acted as note-takers during the focus group sessions in Armero-Guayabal. They will send us the notes.
Impact KE technical workshop on basic social science methods. Workshop notes taken by students at the university during focus group discussions at the October workshop in Armero-Guayabal (8-9 October).
Start Year 2014
 
Description University of the West Indies Open Campus, St Vincent 
Organisation University of West Indies
Country Jamaica 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution My contact is now planning a multi-hazard conference, after we met in St Vincent. The idea seems to be an outcome of our meeting (?), where I discussed STREVA's work and asked what could be a useful outcome from this. I have occasional dialogue with her to support this - I have provided contact names of people in St Vincent who may be have interests in a conference of this nature - contacts made during the STREVA workshop held in St Vincent in January. The conference is planned for March 2015 and several STREVA researchers plan to attend and present at this event.
Collaborator Contribution My contact is now planning a multi-hazard conference, after we met in St Vincent. The conference is planned for March 2015 and several STREVA researchers plan to attend and present at this event.
Impact The conference is planned for 11-12 March 2015. Titled: COUNTRY CONFERENCE 2015 "Promoting a culture of Safety: Building Resilience to disasters and stimulating Sustainable Development "
Start Year 2014
 
Description World Bank GFDRR 
Organisation World Bank Group
Department Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery
Country United States 
Sector Multiple 
PI Contribution I shared my contacts in London with World Bank to facilitate GFDRR meetings in summer 2015.
Collaborator Contribution Met with the LABS team in Washington DC in December 2015 to discuss uses of the R = H x V paradigm within the World Bank to help with paper-writing.
Impact Paper in progress
Start Year 2015
 
Description Filming for Women in Engineering Day 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact This was released on You Tube for National Women in Engineering Day 2014

Not known - this was released on You Tube for National Women in Engineering Day 2014
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014
 
Description IRNH KE workshop series 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Myself and Susanne Sargeant ran the first in the series of KE Increasing Resilience to Natural Hazards (IRNH) workshops on 9 July 2014 at UCL on the topic 'engaging communities and decision makers without recent hazards experience'. There were 17 participants in total, including Susanne and myself and UCL note-takers. Last-minute changes sickness/schedule conflicts) meant that a couple of participants could not attend, but there were 5 EwF researchers and 8 STREVA researchers present, as well as Peter Sammonds, and an invited speaker from Kings College London. The format was participatory, with some introductory updates from each project PI, and update of KE progress and activities then moving into participation and discussions. Feedback forms captured some learning and very positive feedback, with all participants that completed the forms saying that they either 'agreed' or 'strongly agreed' that the workshop met their expectations, and captured the elements of learning gained by the consortia from the event. The form also included as the most and least interesting parts of the day to inform our KE learning for running future events. Many participants said that they'd like to attend future events. Overall the event was a huge success, and we received a lot of positive feedback verbally as well as that captured on the feedback forms.

The second IRNH workshop ran on 27 February 2015, and was held at ODI in London. The workshop involved 18 participants, 6 from EwF, 6 from STREVA, 2 KE fellows, IRNH strategic advisor Peter Sammonds, Chris Noyce (ESRC) and two invited speakers: Matt Foote from MSLIM (insurance sector) and Joel Gill from Kings College London. We additionally had 1 student note-taker from KCL. The topic for this was "Challenging the risk = hazard x vulnerability paradigm and the role of secondary hazards in DRR". This topic was voted on by participants from both consortia projects and was the most popular of a series of topic suggestions that were derived from the feedback forms after the first workshop in July and through dialogue with project researchers. Again the event went extremely well. It felt like a very different day to the last workshop, making the format participatory but deliberately different to keep things fresh and interesting, but it was equally rewarding. We received much positive feedback during the day, and collected feedback forms (as previously) to capture learning. Notes were taken by an external student note taker again, and this worked well. Susanne and I will write this up into a workshop report, as before. We also plan to publish a commentary piece in collaboration with the projects on this workshop topic.

This event went extremely well, and we received very positive feedback from the participants from across EwF and STREVA, both in-person and reflected in the post-event feedback forms. All of the written feedback from participants included that they either agreed or strongly agreed that the event met their expectations. In general learning points were mainly centred on the value gained from sharing experiences across the two projects. The most enjoyable art of the workshop varied between particip
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2014,2015
 
Description Teaching undergraduates at Kingston University 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact Lectures in 'applied Disaster Risk Reduction' at Kingston University, drawing on knowledge from my research in volcanic and small island contexts, as well as earthquake and tsunami case studies
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description Workshop on inter- and transdicsiplinary research proposed for Cities on Volcanoes Conference 9 (2016) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact I have proposed a workshop to run alongside the Cities on Volcanoes 9 Conference in Chile, November 2016. This will bring together researchers and practitioners to discuss inter- and transdisciplinary best practice.

A key aim of this workshop is to foster a supportive community of researchers and practitioners working in inter- and transdisciplinary practice, by drawing from our collective experiences and working towards shared understandings of good practice. A proposed output of the workshop is a working document that reflects some key ingredients for success, and key challenges to be mindful of, building from the experiences, perspectives and reflections of those attending the workshop. The workshop will be participatory and attendees are invited to share their thoughts on how we may foster an active and engaged community of researchers and practitioners working in this space.

A starting point for discussions will be to work from data gathered with the Strengthening Resilience in Volcanic Areas Project during my current fellowship. Seeking further input and strengthening the evidence.

This is intended to form a staring point to set up a working group in international best practice on this topic.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016