GLORIA - Global Learning Opportunities for Regional Indian ocean Adaptation

Lead Research Organisation: National Oceanography Centre
Department Name: Science and Technology

Abstract

Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.

Planned Impact

GLORIA will deliver a variety of model outputs, from climate change projections through fishery recruitment; ecological assets and ecosystem services; to output from socio-environmental models for increasing food security. Spatially referenced information includes model output, a consolidation of environmental and socio-economic information (including local perceptions), supported by methodologies to develop new models, elicit input from local groups, and engaging these in activities to explore, design and implement adaptation options. GLORIA will enrich current understanding of adaptation and adaptive capacity, and thus benefit stakeholders at international, regional national and local levels.
Internationally GLORIA can inform policy implementation of intergovernmental organisations involved in planning and supporting sustainable development, food security and climate change adaptation programmes (UNESCO-IOC, UNEP, UNDP, FAO, GEF). For example, phase 2 of the UNDP International Waters Project, Agulhas and Somali Current Large Marine Ecosystem (ASCLME) Project will be launched in 2015. SAPPHIRE aims to enhance ocean governance and will directly benefit from GLORIA research, allowing a focused approach to planning and implementation of climate change adaptation options. The research will also benefit international humanitarian and environmental NGOs working with local communities in developing nations to alleviate poverty and prevent degradation of ecosystem services.
In the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region GLORIA will be a catalyst in the planning process for the new African Centre for Capacity Development in Ocean Governance (AfriCOG), a partnership of international bodies and individual specialists facilitating training and capacity development. The research builds both on information from Madagascar and empirical analyses from other coastal countries and island states (Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, Mauritus). Outputs will therefore be relevant efforts by these countries to plan and implement measures to safeguard ecosystem services, alleviate poverty, and adapt to climate change for similar coastal communities. Beneficiaries also include the Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), which works towards integrated development of the region and sees food security as a priority area; and the Southwest Indian Ocean Fisheries Commission (SWIOFC), which promotes sustainable utilization of living marine resource, taking due account of environmental, social and economic concerns. The research will also be of interest to the NEPAD Agency, the technical body of the African Union, which includes climate change and natural resource management one of its thematic areas. Outputs can also inform the emerging Science-Policy dialogue fostered in the Nairobi Convention.
GLORIA will benefit the project partner, SAGE, and be of recognized value to the Madagascar Government (see letters of support). Stakeholders at the workshop include Madagascar Fisheries Service officers representing Fisheries, Aquaculture, Control and Surveillance; representatives of Regione Atsimo Andrefana; community associations such as Projet d'Appui aux Communautes de Pecheurs (PACP); local fisher organisations and fishers acting as tour operators to supplement their income; locally Managed Marine Area networks such as Velondriake (http://velondriake.org) where community groups work with NGO and research partners to promote sustainable livelihoods, and Association sur Nosy Be, which provides community-based marine ecotourism in the cultural resort and barrier reef marine reserve; regional tourism officers and organisations such as WWF Madagascar, Tany Meva (national foundation to support local communities), and 'Blue Ventures', a charity supporting sustainable development, food security and poverty alleviation. These will benefit from discussions at the workshop, information syntheses, outline of adaptation options, and tools to support local decision-making processes.
 
Description Our findings can be summarised as:
1)
Forecasts of climate change and its impacts on the oceans
are important in vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning. Using the high resolution global models already
available may be more effective use of resources than for Madagascar to develop new regional models.
2) It is essential to attempt to understand and anticipate the impacts of climate change on
marine ecosystems and key species. There is a range of different methods available, each of which has positives and negatives
for application in Madagascar. There would be considerable value in undertaking a review of the different methods for determining
biological and ecological sensitivity and, based on that review, to develop an optimal, integrated methodology
for use throughout Madagascar
.
3)
Models are valuable tools for increasing understanding, synthesising and integrating available
knowledge and providing forecasts of future conditions and cumulative impacts. There would
be considerable value for Madagascar in developing a toolbox of modelling approaches,
covering conceptual, qualitative and quantitative models, to provide input and advice for
managers and decision-makers at all scales from local to national and regional.
4)
Research on communities should be undertaken with understanding of the overall context of
the community and the actions and processes in which it engages
and that impact on it .Supply chains and management institutions and rules are part of and
are important to communities.
5)
There are many different tools and approaches for working with communities in undertaking
research on vulnerability and adaptation. These include techniques such as mapping in
different ways, participatory approaches to develop timelines of key events, biological
inventories, listing
concerns and opportunities related to climate change and other stressors and others (e.g.
WWF - South Pacific Programme, 2009)
.
These can and should be integrated
with results and information from other scientific sources such as model forecasts of climate
change, results from scientific stock assessments and sensitivity assessments, and results of
participatory
modelling. The development of standard protocols for undertaking such
integration would encourage and facilitate holistic approaches to vulnerability assessment

The results of the project reinforced the critical importance of considering the cumulative impacts of individual stressors and drivers across the full socio-ecological system, both climate-related and others, when assessing vulnerability of marine-dependent communities. Such assessments and adaptation planning should not only consider the past and present but also be forward-looking and consider likely changes in the future. Participation by local experts and stakeholders is essential, enabling knowledge exchange while also contributing to local capacity-building, generating a sense of ownership, ensuring local knowledge is fully taken into account and that outputs are accepted by stakeholders as being legitimate.
Exploitation Route Wide use in developing action plans for adaptation to climate change for the marine resource dependent coastal communities.
Sectors Agriculture, Food and Drink,Environment

URL http://gullsweb.noc.ac.uk/docs/gloria_workshop_report_final.pdf
 
Description Results from the climate change adaptation assessment informed climate change adaptation efforts in Madagascar and elsewhere in the Western Indian Ocean and other regions where similar marine-dependent communities are also affected by rapid warming of adjacent seas. A number of high impact papers produced by the project has informed highly influential policy reports by the Food and Agriculture Organization on the fisheries and aquaculture and by The World Meteorological Organization on the impact of the 1.5 degree warming. The findings have also been used by a number of the national government reviews on environment, transport and food security. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is an intergovernmental organization whose mission is to achieve food security, ensuring that people have regular access to enough high-quality food to lead active, healthy lives. The World Meteorological Organization is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 193 Member States and Territories. The Organization is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. As a specialized agency of the United Nations, WMO is dedicated to international cooperation and coordination on the state and behaviour of the Earth's atmosphere, its interaction with the land and oceans, the weather and climate it produces, and the resulting distribution of water resources.
First Year Of Impact 2016
Sector Agriculture, Food and Drink,Environment
Impact Types Cultural,Societal,Economic,Policy & public services

 
Description Cited by FAO on Adaptive management of fisheries in response to climate change (citing Hobday et al., 2016)
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
Impact This report aims to accelerate climate change adaptation implementation in fisheries management throughout the world. It showcases how flexibility can be introduced in the fisheries management cycle in order to foster adaptation, strengthen the resilience of fisheries, reduce their vulnerability to climate change, and enable managers to respond in a timely manner to the projected changes in the dynamics of marine resources and ecosystems. The publication includes a set of good practices for climate-adaptive fisheries management that have proven their effectiveness and can be adapted to different contexts, providing a range of options for stakeholders including the fishing industry, fishery managers, policymakers and others involved in decision-making. These good practices were linked to one or more of the three common climate-related impacts on fisheries resources: distributional change; productivity change; and species composition change. Therefore, these three impacts can serve as practical entry points to guide decision-makers in identifying good practice adaptation measures suitable for their local contexts. These good practices are based upon transferable experiences and lessons learned from the thirteen case studies across the globe and hopefully will contribute to greater uptake and implementation of climate-adaptive fisheries management measures on the ground. Bahri, T., Vasconcellos, M., Welch, D.J., Johnson, J., Perry, R.I., Ma, X. & Sharma, R., eds. 2021. Adaptive management of fisheries in response to climate change. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 667. Rome, FAO.
URL http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb3095en
 
Description Cited in Proceedings of FishAdapt: the Global Conference on Climate Change Adaptation for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Bangkok, Thailand, 8-10 August, 2016 (Citing Popova et al., 2016; Hobday et al., 2016))
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
Impact This conference, FishAdapt: the global conference on climate change adaptation for fisheries and aquaculture, held in Bangkok from 8 to 10 August, 2016, provided a forum for scientists, development professionals and natural resource managers working in the context of fisheries, aquaculture, rural development and related fields to share practical experiences in understanding the vulnerabilities associated with climate change and ocean acidification and the development of risk management and adaptation strategies. The conference bridged interdisciplinary gaps and provide a wider, shared perspective on the issues and the current state of knowledge. These proceedings share the experiences of the 110 participants from 27 countries and show that much can be done at the household, community and sector levels to support the resilience of the sector and its dependent communities in a changing climate.
URL http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CA3055EN
 
Description Informing climate change adaptation efforts in Madagascar and elsewhere in the Western Indian Ocean and other regions where similar marine-dependent communities are also affected by rapid warming of adjacent seas.
Geographic Reach Africa 
Policy Influence Type Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health
URL http://gullsweb.noc.ac.uk/
 
Description Madagascar: Connectivity between Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction and the coastal zones (Country Profile)
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health
Impact UN member states negotiating a legally binding instrument governing ABNJ must include provisions to ensure that all future management regimes are informed by their potential impacts on territorial waters - particularly in Least Developed Countries. Vigorous and seasonally reversing circulation of the WIO make East African coastal countries highly vulnerable to negative impacts of the fishing and extraction activities in the ABNJ The coastline of Madagascar is one of most ABNJ-connected coastlines in the world indicating enhanced socio-economic vulnerability to the activities in the ABNJ. The project provided a detailed policy brief describing vulnerability of the coastal zone of Madagascar to the activities in ABNJ and advocated explicit inclusion of the downstream connectivity to the treaty. The approach brought concrete results: the latest draft of the negotiating text was updated to recognise that the treaty must protect the many millions of people who depend on the high seas. The advice aims to ensure that: The criteria for establishing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and other area-based management tools in ABNJ must include the potential socioeconomic benefits for vulnerable coastal communities, as well as the ecological or biological significance of the area in question. Governments must ensure that management systems in ABNJ are adaptive and dynamic, and share the technology, data capacity and investment needed to rapidly respond to shifts in species distribution or ocean circulation caused by climate change. Uncertainty around future climate change and impacts on connectivity necessitate a precautionary approach to ABNJ governance.
URL https://www.solstice-wio.org/outputs/policy-briefs
 
Description Massive Online Open Course "Ocean Science In Action: Addressing Marine Ecosystems and Food Security"
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact In 2020, the SOLSTICE-WIO project launched its first MOOC - Ocean Science in Action: Addressing Marine Ecosystems and Food Security that introduces learners to innovative marine technologies and their applications used to tackle the challenges of the sustainable management of marine ecosystems. This four-week course features over 30 video lectures, including footage of fieldwork, numerical ocean model animations, and visualisations of the Remote Sensing data and unique footage of local coastal communities and fisheries. It covers wider issues such as impact of climate change, SDGs, Oceans Decade 2030. The MOOC was created as a course for continuous professional development to people working within marine-related industries, such as fisheries, and government and management of marine resources in the Western Indian Ocean. The MOOC has attracted more than 2000 participants from 110 countries. Material presented in MOOC includes scientific results from many national and international projects (in addition to SOLSTICE which presented the bulk of the material), including GULLS, SIRENA, UKESM, ACCORD.
URL https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/ocean-science-in-action-addressing-marine-ecosystems-and-food-se...
 
Description Securing sustainable small-scale fisheries: sharing good practices from around the world Cited by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on 01 Feb 2019 (citing Hobday et al., 2016)
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
Impact Our study has been used as a case study example in an FAO report Securing sustainable small-scale fisheries: sharing good practices from around the world FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 644. This document includes eight studies showcasing good practices in support of sustainable small-scale fisheries. FAO commissioned these studies aiming to share experiences and promote the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines). The case studies were also intended to promote participatory approaches - in line with the SSF Guidelines principles - and to promote increased interaction between research and fishing communities, including the use of traditional knowledge and participatory research. It is hoped that the case studies will inform policy and policy processes and, in this way, promote sustainable small-scale fisheries according to the SSF Guidelines and the human rights-based approach to development (HRBA). The case studies constitute a rich selection of experiences and are diverse, not only with regard to their geographical setting but also in scope and approach. They span from looking at one specific tool for sharing experiences (the fisheries learning exchanges methodology in Madagascar and Mozambique) or examining the enabling environment in a specific thematic area (disaster risks in Bangladesh), to regional policy formulation on small-scale fisheries (the SSF Guidelines protocol for Caribbean policies) and reflection on how to use the SSF Guidelines in participatory processes (the Myanmar step-by-step approach to discussions with small-scale fisheries communities). A few of the papers look at co-management, in some cases combining fisheries management and social development (Senegal, Uruguay and Nepal), with one focusing on the role of small-scale fisheries and community organizations (India). Generally, the case studies refer to HRBA but, perhaps because many of the activities have taken place in the past, it seems that HRBA has rarely been consciously and explicitly implemented. Still, the case studies bear witness to a number of experiences and practices that are clearly steps in the right direction. Key good practices emerging from the studies refer to, among other things, holistic approaches to co-management and social responsibility; broad engagement, inclusiveness and partnerships; the power of communication; and gender equality and the role of women. As more experience is gained, our knowledge of how to go about implementing the SSF Guidelines will improve and nurture new and continued initiatives. For the present and the future, efforts should be made to apply HRBA, while continuing to share experiences and good practices showing how to do so when implementing the SSF Guidelines.
URL http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CA3041EN
 
Description The RV Dr Fridtjof Nansen in the Western Indian Ocean: Voyages of marine research and capacity development Cited by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on 01 Aug 2017 (Citing Srokosz et al., 2017)
Geographic Reach Africa 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
Impact Our study has been cited in an influential Nansen report by FAO. The marine research vessel (RV) Dr Fridtjof Nansen is a familiar visitor to the coastal waters of developing countries around the world. Since its first expedition in 1975, to survey fish abundance in an upwelling region of the Western Indian Ocean, the Nansen has returned to this "least known" of the world's oceans numerous times. The Nansen surveys first focussed on finding new fish resources, but expanded later to sample whole ecosystems and complex oceanographic processes. Over time, the charismatic Nansen has become a "flagship" for a multitude of resource and capacity development initiatives, extending far beyond surveys at sea. Along with the Nansen surveys, these initiatives form part of the broader Nansen Programme (after 2006 the EAF-Nansen Project), a cooperative development programme shared by the Norwegian government and the FAO. We showcase the research done to discover new resources, and to decipher the linkages between fish abundance, ocean productivity, and the oceanographic processes that maintain ecosystems. The review shows the enduring impact of the Nansen Programme on fisheries and marine science in the Western Indian Ocean, and highlights crucial gaps in information. Based on past experience, recommendations for future work are made. T
URL http://www.fao.org/3/i7652e/i7652e.pdf
 
Description Sustainable Oceans, Livelihoods and food Security Through Increased Capacity in Ecosystem research in the Western Indian Ocean (SOLSTICE-WIO)
Amount £6,800,000 (GBP)
Funding ID NE/P021050/1 
Organisation Natural Environment Research Council 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 10/2017 
End 12/2021
 
Title MEDUSA as a component of UK ESM 
Description MEDUSA (Model of Ecosystem Dynamics, nutrient Utilisation, Sequestration and Acidification) is developed as an "intermediate complexity" plankton ecosystem model to study the biogeochemical response, and especially that of the so-called "biological pump", to anthropogenically driven change in the World Ocean. The base currency in this model was nitrogen from which fluxes of organic carbon, including export to the deep ocean, were calculated by invoking fixed C : N ratios in phytoplankton, zooplankton and detritus. However, due to anthropogenic activity, the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) has significantly increased above its natural, inter-glacial background. 
Type Of Material Computer model/algorithm 
Year Produced 2016 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact MEDUSA is a component model of UK ESM and as such it directly contributes to the future climate projections within the framework of IPCC Contribution to the IPCC report WG2 (Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report) Chapter 3: Oceans and Coastal Ecosystems and their Services: A.Yool served as a contributing author. The key MEDUSA publications were cited 11 times. MEDUSA's benthic submodel was used as a key evidence for the future of the benthic biomass. Figure 3.21j,k,l, from the WG2 report was re-drawn from Yool et al., 2017 
URL http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/6/1767/2013/
 
Description Marine Hotspots 
Organisation Coastal Oceans Research and Development in the Indian Ocean
Country Kenya 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution GLORIA consolidated scientific and traditional understanding of change to ecosystems and their services, through the development and sharing of techniques, knowledge and successful approaches between Madagascar and other marine hotspot regions.
Collaborator Contribution The Global Marine Hotspots Network provides a platform where information, lessons and outcomes can be shared from regions that are warming the fastest or regions where change is rapidly occurring. Temperature has a major influence on marine ecosystems, however the Network recognises that temperature is only one driver of change and encourages contributions from other researchers or any institutions where impacts are being studied or adaptation options being developed or implemented. The network promote and facilitate trans-disciplinary approaches that engage all stakeholders and researchers (across disciplines including physical, biological and humanities) to maximise the potential for research to translate into appropriate policy and sustainable and cost-effective on-ground adaptation.
Impact This is a multidisciplinary collaboration involving representatives of academia and marine resource relevant stakeholders in the following areas: oceanography, ecology, modelling, marine biology,management of marine resources, conservation, policy.
Start Year 2016
 
Description Marine Hotspots 
Organisation Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Department CSIRO Energy
Country Australia 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution GLORIA consolidated scientific and traditional understanding of change to ecosystems and their services, through the development and sharing of techniques, knowledge and successful approaches between Madagascar and other marine hotspot regions.
Collaborator Contribution The Global Marine Hotspots Network provides a platform where information, lessons and outcomes can be shared from regions that are warming the fastest or regions where change is rapidly occurring. Temperature has a major influence on marine ecosystems, however the Network recognises that temperature is only one driver of change and encourages contributions from other researchers or any institutions where impacts are being studied or adaptation options being developed or implemented. The network promote and facilitate trans-disciplinary approaches that engage all stakeholders and researchers (across disciplines including physical, biological and humanities) to maximise the potential for research to translate into appropriate policy and sustainable and cost-effective on-ground adaptation.
Impact This is a multidisciplinary collaboration involving representatives of academia and marine resource relevant stakeholders in the following areas: oceanography, ecology, modelling, marine biology,management of marine resources, conservation, policy.
Start Year 2016
 
Description Marine Hotspots 
Organisation Rhodes University
Country South Africa 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution GLORIA consolidated scientific and traditional understanding of change to ecosystems and their services, through the development and sharing of techniques, knowledge and successful approaches between Madagascar and other marine hotspot regions.
Collaborator Contribution The Global Marine Hotspots Network provides a platform where information, lessons and outcomes can be shared from regions that are warming the fastest or regions where change is rapidly occurring. Temperature has a major influence on marine ecosystems, however the Network recognises that temperature is only one driver of change and encourages contributions from other researchers or any institutions where impacts are being studied or adaptation options being developed or implemented. The network promote and facilitate trans-disciplinary approaches that engage all stakeholders and researchers (across disciplines including physical, biological and humanities) to maximise the potential for research to translate into appropriate policy and sustainable and cost-effective on-ground adaptation.
Impact This is a multidisciplinary collaboration involving representatives of academia and marine resource relevant stakeholders in the following areas: oceanography, ecology, modelling, marine biology,management of marine resources, conservation, policy.
Start Year 2016
 
Description Marine Hotspots 
Organisation Universidade de São Paulo
Country Brazil 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution GLORIA consolidated scientific and traditional understanding of change to ecosystems and their services, through the development and sharing of techniques, knowledge and successful approaches between Madagascar and other marine hotspot regions.
Collaborator Contribution The Global Marine Hotspots Network provides a platform where information, lessons and outcomes can be shared from regions that are warming the fastest or regions where change is rapidly occurring. Temperature has a major influence on marine ecosystems, however the Network recognises that temperature is only one driver of change and encourages contributions from other researchers or any institutions where impacts are being studied or adaptation options being developed or implemented. The network promote and facilitate trans-disciplinary approaches that engage all stakeholders and researchers (across disciplines including physical, biological and humanities) to maximise the potential for research to translate into appropriate policy and sustainable and cost-effective on-ground adaptation.
Impact This is a multidisciplinary collaboration involving representatives of academia and marine resource relevant stakeholders in the following areas: oceanography, ecology, modelling, marine biology,management of marine resources, conservation, policy.
Start Year 2016
 
Description Marine Hotspots 
Organisation University of Tasmania
Country Australia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution GLORIA consolidated scientific and traditional understanding of change to ecosystems and their services, through the development and sharing of techniques, knowledge and successful approaches between Madagascar and other marine hotspot regions.
Collaborator Contribution The Global Marine Hotspots Network provides a platform where information, lessons and outcomes can be shared from regions that are warming the fastest or regions where change is rapidly occurring. Temperature has a major influence on marine ecosystems, however the Network recognises that temperature is only one driver of change and encourages contributions from other researchers or any institutions where impacts are being studied or adaptation options being developed or implemented. The network promote and facilitate trans-disciplinary approaches that engage all stakeholders and researchers (across disciplines including physical, biological and humanities) to maximise the potential for research to translate into appropriate policy and sustainable and cost-effective on-ground adaptation.
Impact This is a multidisciplinary collaboration involving representatives of academia and marine resource relevant stakeholders in the following areas: oceanography, ecology, modelling, marine biology,management of marine resources, conservation, policy.
Start Year 2016
 
Description GLORIA workshop held in Madagascar, 14-16 June 2016 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Central to GLORIA research is a workshop held in Madagascar, 14-16 June 2016, where experts from the marine and climate sciences worked with Malagasy stakeholders to share information, explore adaptive solutions and develop recommendations for future action to minimize climate change impacts on marine-dependent, low-income communities.

Results from the workshop informed climate change adaptation efforts in Madagascar and elsewhere in the Western Indian Ocean and other regions where similar marine-dependent communities are also affected by rapid warming of adjacent seas.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://gullsweb.noc.ac.uk/