Building understanding of climate variability into planning of groundwater supplies from low storage aquifers in Africa - Second Phase (BRAVE2)

Lead Research Organisation: British Geological Survey
Department Name: Groundwater

Abstract

Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.

Planned Impact

BRAVE2 will have a positive impact, both through the process of conducting the research and the outputs, on the following sets of beneficiaries.

RURAL COMMUNITIES IN THE VOLTA RIVER BASIN (VRB)
Rural smallholder farmers (SHF) will have the opportunity to access, input to, and benefit through their livelihoods from the research. They will be supported to consider development options and pathways for sustainable groundwater use, access and distribution, which will enhance productive (agricultural) and WASH outcomes.

AFRICAN WATER SUPPLY-RELATED DECISION-MAKERS
brave2 has very close links with its primary user community of resource planners and government policy makers (e.g. Ghana Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology & Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Burkina Faso Direction Générale des Ressources en Eau) to ensure long-term commitment to provisioning accessible information and promoting adaptive capacity through improved regional integrated decision tools for groundwater management. Training & capacity building will be tailored to user groups' specific needs, and the project will empower these groups through participation in networks for appropriate information. Participatory methods to develop new tools will ensure people act as researcher-advocates and contribute to policy uptake by providing practical evidence to inform policy support for SHF. Local/sub-national governments in both countries now have devolved responsibilities for provision of support services and so will also benefit from an improved evidence base to design interventions.

INTERNATIONAL & BILATERAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS
These will benefit from robust quantitative and qualitative evidence to inform their programmes of support to national innovation support systems (including advisory services, SME promotion, regulatory frameworks). Those active in this area will be invited to participate in the high-level BRAVE2 Learning Platforms

NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
Our close collaborations with NGO partners (e.g. Christian Aid Sahel, CARE Ghana) who are active in supporting SHFs will help influence their livelihood programmes and provide an improved evidence base to inform their own interventions and modes of working with farmer groups.

CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS (CSOs) & MEDIA
CSOs, and national/sub-national farmer organizations in both countries, will benefit from evidence to support their lobbying for improved water services for SHF. Some farmer organisations also provide innovation support services of their own (e.g. Uganda National Farmers Federation - UNFFE) and will be able to use the project findings to enhance their service provision. Engagement throughout with CSOs and the media (e.g. Farm Radio) will raise awareness of the research process and outcomes, such as planning information and decision tools. They will also benefit, along with academic stakeholders, from exposure to research and analytical methods that will inform their future investigation and commissioning of research in this area. These initiatives will contribute to improved and sustainable relationships between policy makers and planners and those working with rural communities, setting a platform for longer-term collaboration which is a critical factor in successful future ground water management.

NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES & MET SERVCES
BRAVE2 has very close links with its primary user community of weather and climate forecasters and hydrologists/hydrogeologists, and the decision-makers who use such forecasts, through our formal project partners (GMet, Meteo-Burkina, WRI, Uni. of Ouagadougou & the Institut d'Application et de Vulgarisation en Sciences). These and other national and international research institutes in the region will have access to a richer understanding of the impacts of climate variability on groundwater resource management and how this leads to innovation in practice in the smallholder sector.
 
Description We now have better understanding of the:
- impacts of long term variations in the climate on groundwater resources in West Africa
- the processes that control groundwater recharge and can see the potential for groundwater recharge to increase under climate change
- how hydraulic properties of basement rock, that underlies much of aquifer, controls the yields of wells that tap the groundwater within these rocks
Exploitation Route We are exploring the options for seasonal forecasting of groundwater resource status in low storage basement aquifers. We are proposing new monitoring networks to enable better groundwater data to be collected in West Africa. We are further developing models to examine the potential for increased abstraction of groundwater, including the opportunities for the use of solar pumps.
Sectors Agriculture, Food and Drink,Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software),Environment

 
Description Tools for the analysis of historical groundwater levels have been adopted by the Dept of Water Resources in Burkina Faso. Insights into groundwater data and processes have been incorporated into the RainWatch web platform and app.
First Year Of Impact 2015
Sector Government, Democracy and Justice
Impact Types Policy & public services

 
Title groundwater models of a series of locations across Burkina Faso 
Description groundwater models using AquiMod code 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2020 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact policy makers have a better understanding of past fluctuations of groundwater level and the uncertainty in projected groundwater levels under climate change 
 
Title Historic reconstructions of daily groundwater levels for eight boreholes in Burkina Faso 
Description This dataset consists of reconstructions of daily groundwater levels for eight boreholes in Burkina Faso. Data for each borehole is provided in an individual csv file, with reconstructed groundwater level time series reported in metres above sea level (GWL, mASL). The groundwater level reconstructions were derived in 2019 as a part of the BRAVE project (NE/M008827/1 and NE/M008983/1) to develop an improved understanding of temporal variability in groundwater levels in sub-Saharan Africa. The reconstructions were derived using the lumped conceptual groundwater model AquiMod. Observed groundwater level time series for the eight boreholes were modelled using AquiMod, and the calibrated models were used with historic precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data to derive the reconstructions. The length of the time series of reconstructed groundwater levels varies between the boreholes due to differences in the length of the precipitation time series used to derive the reconstructions. Full details of this dataset are reported by Ascott et al. (2020). Ascott, M.J., Macdonald, D.M.J., Black, E., Verhoef, A., Nakohoun, P., Tirogo, J., Sandwidi, W.J.P., Bliefernicht, J., Sorensen, J.P.R., Bossa, A.Y., 2020. In Situ Observations and Lumped Parameter Model Reconstructions Reveal Intra-Annual to Multidecadal Variability in Groundwater Levels in Sub-Saharan Africa. Water Resour. Res., 56(12): e2020WR028056. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028056 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? Yes  
URL https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/nationalgeosciencedatacentre/citedData/catalogue/c9262369-4db1-48e1-9660-3ef8...
 
Description 2iE collaboration 
Organisation International Institute for Water and Environmental Engineering
Country Burkina Faso 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution We instigated the revitalisation of the study catchment.
Collaborator Contribution Support in undertaking research at study catchment including the use of students to gather data.
Impact Outputs are the monitoring data collected at the study catchments
Start Year 2016
 
Description DEIE collaboration 
Organisation Ministry of Water Affairs
Department Department of Water Studies and Information
Country Burkina Faso 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution We will analyse data provided by DEIE and will train their staff to allow them to carry on this work independently
Collaborator Contribution They provide us with groundwater level and river flow data
Impact none as yet
Start Year 2017
 
Description UKRI-GCRF proposal team relating to sustainable energy 
Organisation Addis Ababa University
Country Ethiopia 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I identified an opportunity for a proposal to a GCRF research call in sustainable energy related to solar-powered groundwater abstraction. I approached Imperial College London, Water Research Institute Ghana, Makerere University Uganda, and University Addis Ababa and wrote the first draft of a proposal. Unfortunately this was not successful but the partnership has been developed for subsequent opportunities.
Collaborator Contribution Partners designed case studies and costed input to the proposal
Impact Proposal to UKRI-GCRF programme: Sustainable Energy and International Development: Beyond Technology
Start Year 2019
 
Description UKRI-GCRF proposal team relating to sustainable energy 
Organisation Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Ghana
Department Water Research Institute
Country Ghana 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution I identified an opportunity for a proposal to a GCRF research call in sustainable energy related to solar-powered groundwater abstraction. I approached Imperial College London, Water Research Institute Ghana, Makerere University Uganda, and University Addis Ababa and wrote the first draft of a proposal. Unfortunately this was not successful but the partnership has been developed for subsequent opportunities.
Collaborator Contribution Partners designed case studies and costed input to the proposal
Impact Proposal to UKRI-GCRF programme: Sustainable Energy and International Development: Beyond Technology
Start Year 2019
 
Description UKRI-GCRF proposal team relating to sustainable energy 
Organisation Imperial College London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I identified an opportunity for a proposal to a GCRF research call in sustainable energy related to solar-powered groundwater abstraction. I approached Imperial College London, Water Research Institute Ghana, Makerere University Uganda, and University Addis Ababa and wrote the first draft of a proposal. Unfortunately this was not successful but the partnership has been developed for subsequent opportunities.
Collaborator Contribution Partners designed case studies and costed input to the proposal
Impact Proposal to UKRI-GCRF programme: Sustainable Energy and International Development: Beyond Technology
Start Year 2019
 
Description UKRI-GCRF proposal team relating to sustainable energy 
Organisation Makerere University
Country Uganda 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution I identified an opportunity for a proposal to a GCRF research call in sustainable energy related to solar-powered groundwater abstraction. I approached Imperial College London, Water Research Institute Ghana, Makerere University Uganda, and University Addis Ababa and wrote the first draft of a proposal. Unfortunately this was not successful but the partnership has been developed for subsequent opportunities.
Collaborator Contribution Partners designed case studies and costed input to the proposal
Impact Proposal to UKRI-GCRF programme: Sustainable Energy and International Development: Beyond Technology
Start Year 2019
 
Description WASCAL 
Organisation West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use
Country Burkina Faso 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Initiated a catchment study that links with one of the WASCAL research catchments
Collaborator Contribution WASCAL provide a local technician who coordinates the collection of data. Also a WASCAL PhD student is associated with the project and is undertaking modelling that will be used on the BRAVE2 project.
Impact just data collected from the study catchment at this stage
Start Year 2016
 
Description Final Workshop on Vulnerability Studies of project PAS-PNA au Burkina Faso 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact I made a presentation on groundwater in Burkina Faso to the final workshop on Vulnerability Studies of project PAS-PNA au Burkina Faso, led by the organisation Climate Analytics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description IAH presentation on weathered basement modelling 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Presentation entitled 'Investigating the productivity of weathered basement aquifers with a synthetic dataset' made by Marco Bianchi at the Annual IAH Conference in Malaga, Spain
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019