LHCb Upgrade: Beyond the Energy Frontier
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Bristol
Department Name: Physics
Abstract
LHCb is a particle physics experiment operating at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It is the world's leading physics experiment in its field and has a unique capability to explore physics beyond the Standard Model. LHCb's main aim is to search for new physics beyond the Standard Model through precision tests of matter anti-matter asymmetries (CP violation) and rare decays of particles containing beauty and charm quarks. The experiment also has world-class programmes in other areas due to its unique design and coverage of an angular region closer to the beams that at the other main LHC experiments.
The opportunity now exists to dramatically increase the reach of LHCb's programme and to widen its physics profile. The UK groups propose to lead the upgrade of the VELO (Vertex Locator), the most precise vertex detector at the LHC, and LHCb's unique RICH (Ring Imaging Cherenkov) particle identification (PID) system. A programme of physics performance studies, computing, reconstruction software and trigger algorithm development, and involvement in a new scintillating fibre tracker complements this work.
The opportunity now exists to dramatically increase the reach of LHCb's programme and to widen its physics profile. The UK groups propose to lead the upgrade of the VELO (Vertex Locator), the most precise vertex detector at the LHC, and LHCb's unique RICH (Ring Imaging Cherenkov) particle identification (PID) system. A programme of physics performance studies, computing, reconstruction software and trigger algorithm development, and involvement in a new scintillating fibre tracker complements this work.
Planned Impact
The LHCb Upgrade offers strategic economic impact opportunities for UK Industry through the two major UK-led detectors (VELO, RICH), the novel scintillating fibre technology, and the DAQ and computing farm. External benefits include the development of novel pixel and cooling technology applicable to cancer treatment, molecular microscopy, light sources and fusion centres, and photon detectors applicable to medical imaging and positron emission tomography. The construction project has strong training opportunities for PhD students. LHCb-UK also has an enviable track record in public outreach through media, talks, exhibits and science festivals. A major exhibition on the theme of anti-matter will be sought for use at the Royal Society Summer Exhibition, and use at regional science museums.
Organisations
Publications
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of $$\tau _\text {L}$$ using the $${B} _s^0 \rightarrow J/\psi \eta $$ decay mode
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of the Prompt D^{0} Nuclear Modification Factor in p-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Nuclear Modification Factor of Neutral Pions in the Forward and Backward Regions in p-Pb Collisions.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Evidence of a J/?K_{S}^{0} Structure in B^{0}?J/??K_{S}^{0} Decays.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2025)
Long-lived particle reconstruction downstream of the LHCb magnet
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2023)
Search for K S ( L ) 0 ? µ + µ - µ + µ - decays at LHCb
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
First Observation of a Doubly Charged Tetraquark and Its Neutral Partner.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2022)
Observation of the B 0 ? D ¯ * 0 K + p - and B s 0 ? D ¯ * 0 K - p + decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Study of the B - ? ? c + ? ¯ c - K - decay
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Test of Lepton Universality in b?sl^{+}l^{-} Decays.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2022)
First Measurement of the Z?µ^{+}µ^{-} Angular Coefficients in the Forward Region of pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Search for the rare hadronic decay B s 0 ? p p ¯
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of lepton universality parameters in B + ? K + l + l - and B 0 ? K * 0 l + l - decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2022)
Observation of the Decay ?_{b}^{0}??_{c}^{+}t^{-}?[over ¯]_{t}.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of the mass difference and relative production rate of the O b - and ? b - baryons
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Search for direct C P violation in charged charmless B ? P V decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Search for $$D^{*}(2007)^{0} \rightarrow \mu ^{+} \mu ^{-}$$ in $$B^{-}\rightarrow \pi ^{-} \mu ^{+} \mu ^{-}$$ decays
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2023)
Test of lepton flavor universality using B 0 ? D * - t + ? t decays with hadronic t channels
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Publisher Erratum: A study of $$C\!P$$ violation in the decays $${ {B} ^\pm } \rightarrow [{ {K} ^+} { {K} ^-} { {\uppi } ^+} { {\uppi } ^-} ]_{D} h^{\pm }$$ ($$h = K, \pi $$) and $${ {B} ^\pm } \rightarrow [{ {\uppi } ^+} { {\uppi } ^-} { {\uppi } ^+} { {\uppi } ^-} ]_{D} h^{\pm }$$
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2023)
A study of $$C\!P$$ violation in the decays $${ {B} ^\pm } \rightarrow [{ {K} ^+} { {K} ^-} { {\uppi } ^+} { {\uppi } ^-} ]_{D} h^{\pm }$$ ($$h = K, \pi $$) and $${ {B} ^\pm } \rightarrow [{ {\uppi } ^+} { {\uppi } ^-} { {\uppi } ^+} { {\uppi } ^-} ]_{D} h^{\pm }$$
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2023)
Amplitude analysis of the ? c + ? p K - p + decay and ? c + baryon polarization measurement in semileptonic beauty hadron decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of the Ratios of Branching Fractions R(D^{*}) and R(D^{0}).
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Observation of New O_{c}^{0} States Decaying to the ?_{c}^{+}K^{-} Final State.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Evidence for Modification of b Quark Hadronization in High-Multiplicity pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Observation of a J/?? Resonance Consistent with a Strange Pentaquark Candidate in B^{-}?J/??p[over ¯] Decays.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of the Time-Integrated CP Asymmetry in D^{0}?K^{-}K^{+} Decays.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in Z -tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2025)
First measurement of b-jet mass with and without grooming
in Physics Letters B
Aaij R
(2023)
Study of charmonium decays to K S 0 K p in the B ? ( K S 0 K p ) K channels
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Observation of a Resonant Structure near the D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} Threshold in the B^{+}?D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-}K^{+} Decay.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Model-independent measurement of charm mixing parameters in B ¯ ? D 0 ( ? K S 0 p + p - ) µ - ? ¯ µ X decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Charmonium production in pNe collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle \text {NN}}} =68.5$$ GeV
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2023)
Open charm production and asymmetry in pNe collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle {\textrm{NN}}}} = 68.5$$ $$\,\text {Ge\hspace{-1.00006pt}V}$$
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of the Branching Fractions B(B^{0}?pp[over ¯]pp[over ¯]) and B(B_{s}^{0}?pp[over ¯]pp[over ¯]).
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
$${ {J}/\psi }$$ and $${ {D}} ^0$$ production in $$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle \text {NN}}} =68.5\,\text {GeV} $$ PbNe collisions
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2022)
Search for massive long-lived particles decaying semileptonically at $${\sqrt{s}}=13\,\hbox {TeV}$$
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2023)
Search for the baryon- and lepton-number violating decays B 0 ? p µ - and B s 0 ? p µ -
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
First observation of the B + ? D s + D s - K + decay
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of antiproton production from antihyperon decays in $${p} \textrm{He}$$ collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle \mathrm NN}} =110$$ $$\,\text {Ge\hspace{-1.00006pt}V}$$
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2022)
Measurement of the charm mixing parameter y C P - y C P K p using two-body D 0 meson decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Measurement of the ?_{b}^{0}??(1520)µ^{+}µ^{-} Differential Branching Fraction.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2022)
Measurement of the photon polarization in ? b 0 ? ? ? decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Search for C P violation using T ^ -odd correlations in B 0 ? p p ¯ K + p - decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Direct C P violation in charmless three-body decays of B ± mesons
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2023)
Publisher Erratum: Open charm production and asymmetry in pNe collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle {\text {NN}}}} = 68.5$$ GeV
in The European Physical Journal C
Aaij R
(2024)
Measurement of CP Violation in B^{0}??(?l^{+}l^{-})K_{S}^{0}(?p^{+}p^{-}) Decays.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Observation of New Baryons in the ?_{b}^{-}p^{+}p^{-} and ?_{b}^{0}p^{+}p^{-} Systems.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Search for Rare Decays of D^{0} Mesons into Two Muons.
in Physical review letters
Aaij R
(2023)
Amplitude analysis of B 0 ? D ¯ 0 D s + p - and B + ? D - D s + p + decays
in Physical Review D
Aaij R
(2022)
Study of Z Bosons Produced in Association with Charm in the Forward Region.
in Physical review letters
| Description | The LHCb RICH detectors and the LHCb Si vertex detectors are the two most innovative and unique feature of the LHCb experiment; they are crucial for the precision measurements LHCb undertakes and a main UK responsibility. The LHCb upgrade will substantially increase LHCb's sensitivity to "new physics", unknown particles and effects that might provide answers to questions such as the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe and dark matter. The next stage of the LHCb experiment will require to cope with higher instantaneous luminosities which result in larger number of tracks produced in the collisions. As such, the detectors have to undergo major upgrades and satisfy the requirements of a novel trigger scheme. We designed several hardware components. We procured both, the carbon fibre composite and the glass mirrors. In close collaboration with CERN, the mirrors got coated. We are now in the process of final assembly of the mirror components and then will move on to quality control and alignment. The new LHCb-upgrade vertex detector, an innovative Si pixel sensor, as been studied in a testbeam environments, providing crucial information about its performance and radiation tolerance. Our readout software for the testbeam beam telescope is used by various other users of the facility. Our mechanical engineer designed various aspects of the LHCb-RICH upgrade mechancis. These have entered the RICH upgrade Engineering Design Report. The scope of the role of the Bristol mechanical engineer has been expanded, following an exceptional peformance. A Bristol Technician has carried out crucial work dismanteling the old RICH 1 detector, desiging and assembling crucial components of the RICH 1 mirror system, and the RICH installation period. Bristol RAs and students are receiving and quality-assuring RICH mirrors at CERN. In the past months, Bristol played a critical role in the assembly and initial alignment of the LHCb RICH 1 mirrors, which was carried out under difficult conditions during COVID travel bans and lockdowns. In addition, a Bristol technician played a critical role in the overall RICH 1 installation spending about 100 days at CERN, often again with substantial difficulties due to COVID travel restrictions. In 2023, the upgraded detector was commissioned, and we could demonstrate the improved resolution of the RICH 1 detector following the upgrade. |
| Exploitation Route | The Si pixel chip development for the LHCb VELO upgrade has many potential uses as a radiation-hard pixel sensor with fast timing capabilities. Both, the VELO and the RICH work has impact on the UK and international flavour physics community as it facilitates a new level of precision in flavour physics, with the potential to transform our understanding of particle physics. |
| Sectors | Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software) Electronics Healthcare |
| URL | https://cds.cern.ch/record/2158851 |