Investigations in Gravitational Radiation

Lead Research Organisation: CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
Department Name: School of Physics and Astronomy

Abstract

Einstein's General Relativity predicts that dynamical systems in strong gravity fields will emit vast amounts of energy in the form of gravitational waves (GW). Thse ripples in the very fabric of spacetime that travel from their sources at the speed of light, carrying information about physical processes responsible for their emission. They are among the most elusive signals from the deepest reaches in the Universe. Experiments aimed at detecting them have been in development for several decades, and are now reaching sensitivities where detection is expected within a few years.

The worldwide network of interferometric detectors includes the American advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (aLIGO), the French-Italian-Dutch-Polish advanced Virgo (AdV) and the German-UK GEO600 that are being enhanced with a new detector (KAGRA) under construction in Japan. The former detectors have all reached sensitivities close to their design goals and have taken the most sensitive data to date. Cooperation amongst different projects has enabled continuous data acquisition, with sensitivity to a wide range of sources and phenomena, over most of the sky. Modelling GW sources has allowed deeper searches and data from LIGO, Virgo, and GEO have increased our understanding of astronomical phenomena. For example, we have built accurate models to describe the dynamics of spinning black hole binaries for improving efficiency of detection and accuracy of parameter estimation, initiated studies on distinguishing models of the formation and evolution of compact binaries and supernovae, ruled out merging neutron star binary as progenitor of the gamma ray burst (GRB) GRB070201, and shown that less than 1% of the Crab pulsar's radiated power is in GW.

We are now entering a new era as advanced detectors begin their first phase of operation and within a few years will, we expect, routinely observe GW. The aLIGO detectors are based on the quasi-monolithic silica suspension concept developed in the UK for GEO600 and on the high power lasers developed by our German colleagues in GEO600. The AdV also uses a variant of the silica suspension technology. Further, KAGRA is being built with input on cryogenic bonding technology from the UK groups.

The consortium groups have initiated and led searches for astronomical sources, thanks to funding support received since first data taking runs began 12 years ago. Key ingredients of several searches (accurate waveforms models, geometric formulation of data analysis to optimise searches, algorithms to search for generic bursts, Bayesian search and inference techniques) were developed at Cardiff and Glasgow.

We propose a programme that leads to full exploitation of data from aLIGO and AdV, building on the analysis of data from the most recent LIGO/Virgo science runs and from GEO600 while the advanced detectors were under construction. In particular, we will refine waveform models and carry out deep and wide parameter space searches for coalescing binaries, GW emitted in coincidence with GRBs and supernovae, and continuous signals from rotating neutron stars.

In parallel, we propose essential detector R&D. Detector sensitivity is mainly limited by thermal noise associated with the substrates of the mirrors, their reflective coatings, and their suspension elements, as well as by noise resulting from the quantum nature of the light used in sensing. Our research is targeted towards making innovative improvements in these areas, essential to maximize the astrophysical potential of GW observatories. We have major responsibilities for the silica suspensions in aLIGO, both in the US and for a possible 3rd aLIGO detector in India, and in the development of enhancements and upgrades to the aLIGO detectors in the areas of mirror coatings for low thermal noise, silicon substrates, room temperature and cryogenic suspensions and improved interferometer topologies to combat quantum noise.

Publications

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Abbott B (2020) GW190425: Observation of a Compact Binary Coalescence with Total Mass ~ 3.4 M ? in The Astrophysical Journal Letters

 
Description This award funded fundamental research in the development of gravitational-wave detector design, leading to advances in detector sensitivity. It also funded researchers to develop software to identify gravitational-wave signals in data from the international gravitational wave network (the LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA detectors), and accurately measure the properties of the merging black holes and neutron stars which led to the gravitational-wave emission.
Exploitation Route The observation of gravitational waves is a new tool in astronomy, enabling us to see events which might otherwise be invisible to telescopes and satellites. These observations are increasingly playing a key role in providing an astrophysical understanding of how objects such as black holes and neutron stars form and evolve in the universe. As such, the results obtained with this research are of interest to the broader astronomy community
Sectors Education

Culture

Heritage

Museums and Collections

URL https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/detection
 
Description The results from this research have led to the production of new outreach materials designed to inform both school pupils and the general public about the phenomenon of gravitational waves and what gravitational-wave observations can teach us about the universe.
First Year Of Impact 2021
Sector Education,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections
Impact Types Cultural

Societal

 
Description Exploring the Gravitational-wave Universe
Amount £1,859,398 (GBP)
Funding ID ST/V005618/1 
Organisation Science and Technologies Facilities Council (STFC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 09/2021 
End 09/2024
 
Title LIGO Virgo strain data from GWTC-3 Catalog 
Description LIGO Virgo strain data from GWTC-3 Catalog 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Data and events from the GWTC-3 catalog enabling researchers outside the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration to interpret gravitational wave observations 
URL https://www.gw-openscience.org/GWTC-3
 
Title LIGO Virgo strain data from observing run O3a (Apr 2019 - Sep 2019) 
Description LIGO Virgo strain data from observing run O3a (Apr 2019 - Sep 2019) 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Open gravitational wave data enabling researchers outside LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration to perform GW searches on this data 
URL https://www.gw-openscience.org/O3/O3a/
 
Title LIGO Virgo strain data from observing run O3b (Nov 2019 - Mar 2020) 
Description LIGO Virgo strain data from observing run O3b (Nov 2019 - Mar 2020) 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Open gravitational wave data enabling researchers outside LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration to perform GW searches on this data 
URL https://www.gw-openscience.org/O3/O3b
 
Title O3b GEO KAGRA Open Data 
Description Open data from the joint GEO-KAGRA gravitational wave observing run 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Open gravitational wave data enabling researchers outside LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration to perform GW searches on this data 
URL https://www.gw-openscience.org/archive/O3GK_16KHZ_R1/
 
Description ALUK 
Organisation University of Glasgow
Department UK Advanced LIGO Project (ALUK)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Enabling computational infrastructure for analysing data from Advanced LIGO.
Collaborator Contribution Data analysis on the computational infrastructure provided by us.
Impact Research papers on the analysis of data from LIGO detectors.
 
Description Cosmic Explorer consortium 
Organisation California Institute of Technology
Department Caltech Astronomy
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Cosmic Explorer is a plan for a U.S. third-generation gravitational-wave observatory that aims to be an order of magnitude more sensitive than Advanced LIGO. At this sensitivity, Cosmic Explorer will be able to answer questions from the smallest scales of fundamental physics to the largest scales of cosmology. The purpose of the Cosmic Explorer Consortium is to provide an open and efficient way for members of the international physics and astronomy communities to contribute to the conceptualization of Cosmic Explorer, its design, and its future use. We are active in this collaboration, particularly in the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have much expertise. We also contribute to the science case for the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Sharing science expertise and collaborating on projects related to Cosmic Explorer.
Impact This is a multi -disciplinary collaboration as it involves physicists, astronomers and engineers working together.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Cosmic Explorer consortium 
Organisation California State University, Fullerton
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Cosmic Explorer is a plan for a U.S. third-generation gravitational-wave observatory that aims to be an order of magnitude more sensitive than Advanced LIGO. At this sensitivity, Cosmic Explorer will be able to answer questions from the smallest scales of fundamental physics to the largest scales of cosmology. The purpose of the Cosmic Explorer Consortium is to provide an open and efficient way for members of the international physics and astronomy communities to contribute to the conceptualization of Cosmic Explorer, its design, and its future use. We are active in this collaboration, particularly in the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have much expertise. We also contribute to the science case for the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Sharing science expertise and collaborating on projects related to Cosmic Explorer.
Impact This is a multi -disciplinary collaboration as it involves physicists, astronomers and engineers working together.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Cosmic Explorer consortium 
Organisation Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Cosmic Explorer is a plan for a U.S. third-generation gravitational-wave observatory that aims to be an order of magnitude more sensitive than Advanced LIGO. At this sensitivity, Cosmic Explorer will be able to answer questions from the smallest scales of fundamental physics to the largest scales of cosmology. The purpose of the Cosmic Explorer Consortium is to provide an open and efficient way for members of the international physics and astronomy communities to contribute to the conceptualization of Cosmic Explorer, its design, and its future use. We are active in this collaboration, particularly in the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have much expertise. We also contribute to the science case for the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Sharing science expertise and collaborating on projects related to Cosmic Explorer.
Impact This is a multi -disciplinary collaboration as it involves physicists, astronomers and engineers working together.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Cosmic Explorer consortium 
Organisation Penn State University
Department Penn State Abington
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Cosmic Explorer is a plan for a U.S. third-generation gravitational-wave observatory that aims to be an order of magnitude more sensitive than Advanced LIGO. At this sensitivity, Cosmic Explorer will be able to answer questions from the smallest scales of fundamental physics to the largest scales of cosmology. The purpose of the Cosmic Explorer Consortium is to provide an open and efficient way for members of the international physics and astronomy communities to contribute to the conceptualization of Cosmic Explorer, its design, and its future use. We are active in this collaboration, particularly in the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have much expertise. We also contribute to the science case for the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Sharing science expertise and collaborating on projects related to Cosmic Explorer.
Impact This is a multi -disciplinary collaboration as it involves physicists, astronomers and engineers working together.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Cosmic Explorer consortium 
Organisation Syracuse University
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Cosmic Explorer is a plan for a U.S. third-generation gravitational-wave observatory that aims to be an order of magnitude more sensitive than Advanced LIGO. At this sensitivity, Cosmic Explorer will be able to answer questions from the smallest scales of fundamental physics to the largest scales of cosmology. The purpose of the Cosmic Explorer Consortium is to provide an open and efficient way for members of the international physics and astronomy communities to contribute to the conceptualization of Cosmic Explorer, its design, and its future use. We are active in this collaboration, particularly in the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have much expertise. We also contribute to the science case for the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Sharing science expertise and collaborating on projects related to Cosmic Explorer.
Impact This is a multi -disciplinary collaboration as it involves physicists, astronomers and engineers working together.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation California Institute of Technology
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation Cardiff University
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation European Gravitational Observatory
Country Italy 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation INFN Sezione di Perugia
Country Italy 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation INFN Sezione di Pisa
Country Italy 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation Maastricht University (UM)
Country Netherlands 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation National Institute for Nuclear Physics
Country Italy 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation National Institute for Subatomic Physics Nikhef
Country Netherlands 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation Tokyo Institute of Technology
Country Japan 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation University Libre Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles ULB)
Country Belgium 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Einstein Telescope Collaboration 
Organisation University of Birmingham
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ET Design Study created an ET community in Europe and a global interest in the 3rd generation of GW observatories. This community was transformed into into a collaboration. We are active in this collaboration, particularly within the areas of suspensions and coatings where we have great expertise. We are also contribute to the sceince case of the detector.
Collaborator Contribution Active collaboration in areas related to the Einstein Telescope.
Impact This is multi-disciplinary asit involves physicists, astronomers and engineers.
Start Year 2020
 
Description GEO600 
Organisation GEO collaboration
Country Global 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution We have provided fused silica suspensions for the GEO 600 gravitational wave detector. These complex mechanical systems suspend the core optical components, i.e. mirrors and beam-splitters, which form the interferometer at the heart of each detector. We have also contributed to almost every other area of detector development, construction, installation and operation, and also to analysis of the resulting data. Examples include contributions to: detector topology and layout; interferometer sensing and control; digital control sub-systems; radio-frequency electro-optic modulation equipment; efficient photo-detection; seismic isolation; seismic monitoring; feed-forward seismic sensing and control; detector supervisory control infrastructure; detector calibration systems; low-level data collection and processing algorithms and systems; laser stabilisation and monitoring; environmental monitoring; data searches for continuous signals (pulsars) and data searches for burst signals (black hole formation).
Collaborator Contribution The GEO600 team collaborates with the GW groups in the USA (LIGO), in France/Italy (Virgo) and in Japan (TAMA300). As a member of the LIGO Scientific Collaboration (LSC) and the Virgo Collaboration, GEO600 has performed several long-term data runs together with the other gravitational wave detectors, in the search for the first observations. Financial support for the GEO project has been supplied by the State of Lower Saxony, the Max Planck Society, the Science and Technology Facilities Council, the Volkswagen Foundation, and the Federal Republic of Germany. Personnel costs are supplied by the Max Planck Society and the Leibniz University Hannover, running costs by the Max Planck Society Membership of the GEO is core to our research. It provides access to gravitational wave data, opportunities to contribute to instrument upgrades, training for our graduate students and PDRAs, and is the first destination for many of our technology developments. Membership of GEO was a step towards membership of the LSC (q.v.). Collaborators operate the GEO 600 detector to produce data. They archive this and enable us to access it for analysis and carry out joint analysis with us. Collaborators host our equipment at the detector, which we built jointly with them. Through exchange visits and regular meetings there is exchange of ideas on all aspects of gravitational wave detector design.
Impact Philip Leverhulme Prize RCUK Fellowship Post-doctoral Fellowship EC Framework 7 Infrastructures program International Joint Project Award scheme Travel grant RCUK Science Bridges RCUK Science Bridges Seedcorn grant Research Merit Award JISC Grant SUPA Studentship Science in Society Fellowship RSE/Scottish Executive Personal Research Fellowship MP FS AH MB SR Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition 2008 Appearance on Radio 4 programme "In our time" Appearance on BBC One Countryfile Regular visits to local schools Public lectures at Science Centres and Science Festivals Events for International Year of Astronomy 2009 Lectures to amateur astronomical societies Meet the Scientist @ Glasgow Science Centre Science @ the Scottish Parliament Astronomy's New Messengers Icarus at the Edge of Time CPD Training for schoolteachers ScienceFace Scottish Science Advisory Council Technology Development Hydroxy-catalysis bonding for technology applications Hydroxy-catalysis bonding for research Fused silica suspension fibres for application in technology Fused silica suspension fibres for gravitational wave detectors Bayesian Techniques in precision optical sensing Bayesian Techniques in gravitational wave data analysis Amplitude or arbitrary phase sideband optical cavity probes Diffractively coupled high finesse optical cavities Silicon Carbide bonding Berlin 2009 GWADW 2009 Amaldi 2009 RAS NAM 2009 GWADW 2009 RAS NAM 2008 Texas 2008 Moscow 2008 Schuster Colloquium Elizabeth Spreadbury Lecture RSE Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize Lectureship Wolfson Research Merit Award Tannahill Lecture and Medal Fellow ISGRGI FRSE (1) FInstP (1) FRAS (1) FRSE (2) Max-Planck-Society FRAS (2) History and Development of Knowledge IOP Nuclear and Particle Physics Divisional Conference Advanced Detector Workshop Kyoto LISA Symposium Stanford Advanced Detector Workshop Florida Gravitational Wave Bursts meeting Mexico ILIAS Dresden IoP NPPD conference Glasgow 12th Marcel Grossman meeting Paris Lomonosov conference Moscow Advanced Detector Workshop Florida GR19 Meeting Mexico LISA International Symposium Stanford OECD Global Science Forum India IAU Rio de Janeiro Amaldi NY Fujihara Seminar Tokyo OECD Global Science Forum Cracow NEB X111 Thessaloniki New Worlds Portugal PASCOS 07 London LEOS Montreal XX1X Spanish Relativity Meeting Mallorca Rencontres de Moriond Italy Texas Symposium Heidelberg Aspera Workshop Paris IoP HEPP and AP Annual Meeting Frontiers in Optics, OSA, San Jose Amaldi NY Fujiwara Foundation Seminar Japan Advanced Detector Workshop Florida IoP Astroparticle meeting Oxford Cosmo 07 Sussex Aspera Workshop Paris Workshop on Charging Issues MIT IoP NPPD Annual conference Surrey RAS ordinary meeting London ILIAS Italy IAU General Assembly Prague NPPD Conference Glasgow Statistical Challenges Penn State Amaldi student talk Visiting Professorship Jena STFC Particle Astrophysics Advisory panel Physical and Engineering Committee of ESF SSAC Chair GWIC Chair STFC Panels Royal Society Research Grants Panel Aspera/ApPEC Science Advisory Committee Trustee RSE RSE Fellowship Committee IoP Awards Committee Chair LIGO Election & Membership GWIC Deputy Chair PPAN RSE Grants Committee RSE Sectional Committee Stanford-Scotland Photonics GEO Executive Committee FP7 ET Design Study Member STFC Science Committee PPAN GWIC Roadmap committee STFC Oversight Committee Zeplin III Aspera/ApPEC Peer Review Committee Governing Council FP6 ILIAS Aspera/ApPEC Roadmap Committee Advanced Detector committee LSC Publication Policy committee LSC LSC CW Group co-Chair reelected SUPA Astro theme leader LSC CW Group co-chair LSC Detection Committee LSC Data Analysis Council FRSE Aspen Center for Physics 2008 Aspen Center for Physics 2011 Advanced Detectors Workshop Kyoto Cosmic Co-Motion Queensland SAMSI North Carolina Center for Astrostatistics Penn State RAS NAM Llandudno Cosmology and Machine Learning UCL ILIAS Dresden PF PhD FB PhD KC Ugrad LO Ugrad RD Ugrad LM Ugrad LMac Ugrad AB Ugrad EWB Ugrad DF PhD ST Staff BL Staff HW PhD KB RA SF Staff KS staff LSF staff ZP Ugrad DH PhD RU Ugrad NH Ugrad MC Ugrad SL Ugrad NG Ugrad CS PhD OB PhD OB PhD MB PhD EJ Ugrad RM Ugrad RW Ugrad SJ Ugrad SL Ugrad BL Staff BG Ugrad AP PhD PS staff VM staff LG Staff CC PhD SZ Ugrad NM PhD MJ staff AG PhD FGC PhD
 
Description LSC 
Organisation LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The LSC carries out the science of the LIGO Observatories, located in Hanford, Washington and Livingston, Louisiana as well as that of the GEO600 detector in Hannover, Germany. Our collaboration is organized around three general areas of research: analysis of LIGO and GEO data searching for gravitational waves from astrophysical sources, detector operations and characterization, and development of future large scale gravitational wave detectors. As evidenced by our outputs that emerge from this collaboration, we contribute strongly to these three areas. In particular we develop low-noise suspension technology and design new optical techniques for the detectors. We also contribute strongly to data analysis particularly in the searches for pulsars and "ringing down" of newly formed black holes. One of our most significant contributions in the area of data analysis has been in the application of Bayesian techniques to parameter estimation in gravitational wave searches.
Collaborator Contribution The LIGO Scientific Collaboration (LSC) is a group of scientists seeking to make the first direct detection of gravitational waves, use them to explore the fundamental physics of gravity, and develop the emerging field of gravitational wave science as a tool of astronomical discovery. The LSC works toward this goal through research on, and development of techniques for, gravitational wave detection; and the development, commissioning and exploitation of gravitational wave detectors. Membership of the LSC fundamentally enables our research. It provides access to gravitational wave data, opportunities to contribute to instrument upgrades, and training for our graduate students, and is the primary locus for application of our technology developments. As the World-leading collaboration in the field membership of the LSC is vital to our ongoing research. Collaborators operate the four LSC detectors to produce gravitational wave data. With us they archive this and enable us to access it for analysis. The collaboration carries out joint analysis of the data from all four instruments. Collaborators host our equipment at the detectors, and also at test facilities at which we undertake joint technology developments, supplementing those we carry out in Glasgow. Collaborators provide training in the operation of detectors, and detector subsystems. Within the technical working groups set up by the collaboration, there is exchange of ideas on advanced interferometer techniques and topologies, on data analysis, on laser sources, on optics, including optical coatings and thermal noise, and on suspension technology.
Impact Philip Leverhulme Prize RCUK Fellowship Post-doctoral Fellowship EC Framework 7 Infrastructures program International Joint Project Award scheme Travel grant RCUK Science Bridges RCUK Science Bridges Seedcorn grant Research Merit Award JISC Grant SUPA Studentship Science in Society Fellowship RSE/Scottish Executive Personal Research Fellowship MP FS AH MB SR Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition 2008 Appearance on Radio 4 programme "In our time" Appearance on BBC One Countryfile Regular visits to local schools Public lectures at Science Centres and Science Festivals Events for International Year of Astronomy 2009 Lectures to amateur astronomical societies Meet the Scientist @ Glasgow Science Centre Science @ the Scottish Parliament Astronomy's New Messengers Icarus at the Edge of Time CPD Training for schoolteachers ScienceFace Scottish Science Advisory Council Technology Development Hydroxy-catalysis bonding for technology applications Hydroxy-catalysis bonding for research Fused silica suspension fibres for application in technology Fused silica suspension fibres for gravitational wave detectors Bayesian Techniques in precision optical sensing Bayesian Techniques in gravitational wave data analysis Amplitude or arbitrary phase sideband optical cavity probes Technology Development Diffractively coupled high finesse optical cavities Silicon Carbide bonding Berlin 2009 GWADW 2009 Amaldi 2009 RAS NAM 2009 GWADW 2009 RAS NAM 2008 Texas 2008 Moscow 2008 Schuster Colloquium Elizabeth Spreadbury Lecture RSE Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize Lectureship Wolfson Research Merit Award Tannahill Lecture and Medal Fellow ISGRGI FRSE (1) FInstP (1) FRAS (1) FRSE (2) Max-Planck-Society FRAS (2) History and Development of Knowledge IOP Nuclear and Particle Physics Divisional Conference Advanced Detector Workshop Kyoto LISA Symposium Stanford Optical Fibre Sensors Edinburgh Advanced Detector Workshop Florida Gravitational Wave Bursts meeting Mexico ILIAS Dresden IoP NPPD conference Glasgow 12th Marcel Grossman meeting Paris Lomonosov conference Moscow Advanced Detector Workshop Florida GR19 Meeting Mexico LISA International Symposium Stanford OECD Global Science Forum India IAU Rio de Janeiro Amaldi NY Fujihara Seminar Tokyo OECD Global Science Forum Cracow NEB X111 Thessaloniki New Worlds Portugal PASCOS 07 London LEOS Montreal XX1X Spanish Relativity Meeting Mallorca Rencontres de Moriond Italy Texas Symposium Heidelberg Aspera Workshop Paris IoP HEPP and AP Annual Meeting Frontiers in Optics, OSA, San Jose Amaldi NY Fujiwara Foundation Seminar Japan Advanced Detector Workshop Florida IoP Astroparticle meeting Oxford Cosmo 07 Sussex Aspera Workshop Paris Workshop on Charging Issues MIT IoP NPPD Annual conference Surrey RAS ordinary meeting London ILIAS Italy IAU General Assembly Prague NPPD Conference Glasgow Statistical Challenges Penn State Amaldi student talk Visiting Professorship Jena STFC Particle Astrophysics Advisory panel Physical and Engineering Committee of ESF SSAC Chair GWIC Chair STFC Panels Royal Society Research Grants Panel Aspera/ApPEC Science Advisory Committee Trustee RSE RSE Fellowship Committee IoP Awards Committee Chair LIGO Election & Membership GWIC Deputy Chair PPAN RSE Grants Committee RSE Sectional Committee Stanford-Scotland Photonics GEO Executive Committee FP7 ET Design Study Member STFC Science Committee PPAN GWIC Roadmap committee STFC Oversight Committee Zeplin III Aspera/ApPEC Peer Review Committee Governing Council FP6 ILIAS Aspera/ApPEC Roadmap Committee Advanced Detector committee LSC Publication Policy committee LSC LSC CW Group co-Chair reelected SUPA Astro theme leader LSC CW Group co-chair LSC Detection Committee LSC Data Analysis Council FRSE Aspen Center for Physics 2008 Aspen Center for Physics 2011 Advanced Detectors Workshop Kyoto Cosmic Co-Motion Queensland SAMSI North Carolina Center for Astrostatistics Penn State RAS NAM Llandudno Cosmology and Machine Learning UCL ILIAS Dresden PF PhD FB PhD KC Ugrad LO Ugrad RD Ugrad LM Ugrad LMac Ugrad AB Ugrad EWB Ugrad DF PhD ST Staff BL Staff HW PhD KB RA SF Staff KS staff LSF staff ZP Ugrad DH PhD RU Ugrad NH Ugrad MC Ugrad SL Ugrad NG Ugrad CS PhD OB PhD OB PhD MB PhD EJ Ugrad RM Ugrad RW Ugrad SJ Ugrad SL Ugrad BL Staff BG Ugrad AP PhD PS staff VM staff LG Staff CC PhD SZ Ugrad NM PhD MJ staff AG PhD FGC PhD
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation Australia Telescope National Facility
Country Australia 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation Australian Research Council
Department Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery
Country Australia 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation California Institute of Technology
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
Country Australia 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences
Country China 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation LIGO
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Department MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Country United States 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation Max Planck Society
Department Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics
Country Germany 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Department Goddard Space Flight Center
Country United States 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Partnership between the Institute for Gravitational Research and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery (OzGrav) 
Organisation University of Warwick
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning. The In-Kind support from the Institute for gravitational Research in Glasgow to this collaboration consists of researcher time and facility access for computer moddelling. It comes to a total of 537,700 AUD.
Collaborator Contribution The Institute for Gravitational Research has had long-standing links with researchers in Australia who are the key contributors to OzGrav. Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from our collaboration with the Centre are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Impact Some of the key activities that have arisen to date from this collaboration are in the areas of low frequency performance gravitational wave detectors, future detector planning and detector commissioning.
Start Year 2018
 
Title Black Hole Bubble Plot 
Description To visualise the black hole binaries discovered by LIGO, I created an online web-tool that displays a "Bubble Plot" of all known black holes, including those detected by LIGO and those inferred from x-ray binary measurements. The web-tool will be updated as more gravitational wave detections are published. 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2016 
Impact There has been significant interest from members of the LIGO community, which has increased its reach and the page has been translated from English into Oriya (Odia), French, Hungarian and Chinese (Hong Kong). It is continuously updated with detections as they are annouced. 
URL http://chrisnorth.github.io/plotgw/bhbubble
 
Title GW Catalogue Plotter 
Description I developed and published a web-tool to visualise the gravitational wave data produced by LIGO. It allows the user to explore the detections made to date, and provides links to the data on the LIGO Online Science Centre (LOSC). The web-tool is open source and will be updated as more results are published. 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2016 
Impact Other members of the LIGO-Virgo team have expressed great interest in the web-tool, and there is an intention to include it in a future version of GWOSC. It is continuously updated with detections as they are announced. 
URL http://catalog.cardiffgravity.org
 
Title GWCat Webtool/animation 
Description A javascript interface to a catalogue of gravitational wave events. The catalogue is used by a number of other web-resources. 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2020 
Open Source License? Yes  
Impact Sky-maps have been used in a number of LIGO web stories and social media posts. The catalogue has enabled the production of a number of other web-resources and teaching resources, both my myself (the original author) and others. 
URL https://gwcat.cardiffgravity.org/
 
Title GWCatpy 
Description A python interface to interact with and build the "GWCat" catalogue. It combines the official GWOSC and GraceDB databases into one catalogue that can be accessed online using javascript. 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2020 
Open Source License? Yes  
Impact The catalogue that is built has been used by a number of other people, including internationally 
URL https://github.com/cardiffgravity/gwcatpy
 
Title Gravitational Waves online workshops 
Description An online equivalent of the pre-existing hands-on workshops, designed for A-level and GCSE students. 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2020 
Open Source License? Yes  
Impact This was developed ahead of Covid, but became much more relevant later 
URL http://blogs.cardiff.ac.uk/physicsoutreach/workshops/gravitational-waves/online/
 
Title PE Summary 
Description This software is used to generate easily understood webpages presenting the results of Bayesian parameter estimation routines. 
Type Of Technology Software 
Year Produced 2020 
Open Source License? Yes  
Impact This software has become a standard tool for the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and is used in generating figures for publications, as well as in the presentation of open data. 
 
Title Top Ten GW Events 
Description A list of gravitational wave events organised in "top ten" lists for a range of parameters 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2020 
Open Source License? Yes  
Impact Used in a number of LIGO social media posts. 
URL https://data.cardiffgravity.org/gw-topten/
 
Title Waveform viewer 
Description A tool to display and filter the waveforms of the LIGO-Virgo detections 
Type Of Technology Webtool/Application 
Year Produced 2019 
Open Source License? Yes  
Impact A number of members of the collaboration have reported using it for presentations. It is consistently updated with new detections as they are announced. 
URL http://cardiffgravity.org/waveview
 
Description BBC World Service interview 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact I was invited to give an interview to the BBC World Service Science in Action program. I was the sole interviewee for a 20-min. long broadcast about the most recent upgrades to gravitational wave detectors.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/w3ct1l3s
 
Description Colloquium at U. of Central Florida 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Colloquium about the discovery of gravitational waves and the technologies used to detect them. This was the first such talk at UCF and many staff and students were very curious and interested to see how their research might be useful in the field.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
 
Description Interview for national and international news 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Interview in both print media (BBC, The Guardian) and local TV (BBC Wales) on gravitational-wave analysis results.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-57639520
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jun/29/gravitational-waves-from-star-eating-black-holes-detected-on-earth
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-57639520
 
Description Podcast interview 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact I was interviewed for a Physics World podcast about the latest discoveries (O3 observation run) made by gravitational wave detectors.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://physicsworld.com/a/materials-science-conserves-400-year-old-warship-new-gravitational-wave-d...
 
Description Public outreach presentation at the Cardiff, Bristol and Bath Astronomical Societies 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Presentation on gravitational-wave research titled "Stellar-size Black holes" at a joint event of the Bath, Bristol and Cardiff astronomical societies
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/extreme-stellar-environments-tickets-169977235487
 
Description TV documentary interview 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact I was interviewed for an episode of a TV documentary called "Secrets of the Universe", produced by Bigger Bang TV. The series will be broadcast primarily in the USA and is expected to be released this year (2022).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021