Minor icy bodies (origin and evolution) and cosmic dust
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Kent
Department Name: Sch of Physical Sciences
Abstract
The Centre for Astrophysics \& Planetary Science requests long-term funding to support a successful established programme of research into the origins of the solar system, stars and stellar systems. We wish to explore novel physical concepts and develop fresh ideas associated with specific physical processes, configurations and components. One of the most crucial questions in Astrophysics remaining to be answered is: how do stars form? Even with modern CCDs, our classical optical telescopes are of limited use since even red light cannot penetrate out of star forming regions. Furthermore, our classical theory has stumbled and failed as we realise that star forming regions are ephemeral clouds. In recent years, we have found observational and theoretical techniques to overcome these problems and together make progress. At least we can now answer the question: how do we know a star is forming? Thus, infrared astronomy and numerical simulations have provided a new means to uncover and explain the physics of star formation. UK astrophysicists are now at the forefront with superb observing programmes and facilities, as well as advanced numerical methods and computing infrastructure. The Kent researchers aim to remain at the forefront through an integrated programme of infrared observations, three dimensional numerical simulations and advanced theoretical modelling, all aimed at exploring the physics governing the rapid evolution of protostars and the clouds which contain them. Through direct predictions and exploitation, the rolling grant will support the UK investment in space and ground-based projects. This physics of transient objects involves hypervelocity flows in diverse contexts. However, even once evolved into the solar system, hypervelocity continues to play a prominent role. Kent offers the opportunity to explore impacts at speeds far in excess of one kilometre per second, crucial to many topics in space science and exploration. The evolution and survival of objects against such impacts is a major topic in Solar System evolution (e.g. cratering, catastrophic disruption etc.). In addition, small particles captured by space missions in hypervelocity impacts are a rich source of information about the Solar System.
People |
ORCID iD |
Mark Burchell (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Baldwin E. C.
(2007)
Laboratory impacts into dry and wet sandstone with and without an overlying water layer: Implications for scaling laws and projectile survivability
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Bland Phil A.
(2007)
A comet in the lab
in ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS
Bowden S
(2009)
Survival of organic compounds in ejecta from hypervelocity impacts on ice
in International Journal of Astrobiology
Bowden S
(2008)
The thermal alteration by pyrolysis of the organic component of small projectiles of mudrock during capture at hypervelocity
in Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis
BRIDGES J
(2010)
Iron oxides in comet 81P/Wild 2
in Meteoritics and Planetary Science
Burchell M
(2010)
The SMART-1 lunar impact
in Icarus
Burchell M
(2009)
Hypervelocity capture of particles in aerogel: Dependence on aerogel properties
in Planetary and Space Science
Burchell M
(2009)
Short-period Jupiter family comets after Stardust
in Planetary and Space Science
Burchell M. J.
(2009)
Extent of thermal ablation suffered by model organic microparticles during aerogel capture at hypervelocities
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Burchell M. J.
(2008)
Characteristics of cometary dust tracks in Stardust aerogel and laboratory calibrations
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Burchell M. J.
(2010)
The Results of a Recent Survey on Research and Teaching in Astrobiology in the UK
in ORIGINS OF LIFE AND EVOLUTION OF BIOSPHERES
Burchell M. J.
(2008)
Identification of mineral impactors in hypervelocity impact craters in aluminum by Raman spectroscopy of residues
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Burchell Mark
(2009)
Astrobiology in the UK
in ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS
Burchell MJ
(2006)
Identification of minerals and meteoritic materials via Raman techniques after capture in hypervelocity impacts on aerogel
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Burchell MJ
(2011)
Impact ionisation spectra from hypervelocity impacts using aliphatic poly(methyl methacrylate) microparticle projectiles.
in Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM
Cockell Charles
(2009)
Where to land on Mars
in ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS
Dartnell LR
(2009)
Survey on astrobiology research and teaching activities within the United kingdom.
in Astrobiology
Fries Marc
(2009)
Capture effects in carbonaceous material: A Stardust analogue study
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Ishii H. A.
(2008)
Results from the search for typical CPIDP silicates in comet 81P/wild 2 dust samples
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Ishii HA
(2008)
Comparison of comet 81P/Wild 2 dust with interplanetary dust from comets.
in Science (New York, N.Y.)
Jerling A
(2008)
Survival of seeds in hypervelocity impacts
in International Journal of Astrobiology
Kearsley A
(2008)
Micro-craters in aluminum foils: Implications for dust particles from comet Wild 2 on NASA's Stardust spacecraft
in International Journal of Impact Engineering
Kearsley A. T.
(2008)
Dust from comet Wild 2:: Interpreting particle size, shape, structure, and composition from impact features on the Stardust aluminum foils
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Kearsley A. T.
(2009)
Interpretation of Wild 2 dust fine structure: Comparison of Stardust aluminum foil craters to the three-dimensional shape of experimental impacts by artificial aggregate particles and meteorite powders
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Kearsley Anton T.
(2007)
Analytical scanning and transmission electron microscopy of laboratory impacts on Stardust aluminum foils: Interpreting impact crater morphology and the composition of impact residues
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Kearsley AT
(2006)
Laboratory simulation of impacts on aluminum foils of the Stardust spacecraft:: Calibration of dust particle size from comet Wild-2
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Leliwa-Kopystynski J
(2008)
Impact cratering and break up of the small bodies of the Solar System
in Icarus
Marcus Matthew A.
(2008)
Smelting of Fe-bearing glass during hypervelocity capture in aerogel
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Milner D. J.
(2008)
Laboratory investigations of marine impact events: Factors influencing crater formation and projectile survivability
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Noguchi T
(2010)
Thermal alteration of hydrated minerals during hypervelocity capture to silica aerogel at the flyby speed of Stardust
in Meteoritics & Planetary Science
Ormond-Prout J
(2009)
Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole-coated poly(methyl methacrylate) latex particles
in Journal of Materials Chemistry
PARNELL J
(2010)
The preservation of fossil biomarkers during meteorite impact events: Experimental evidence from biomarker-rich projectiles and target rocks
in Meteoritics & Planetary Science
PRICE M
(2010)
Comet 81P/Wild 2: The size distribution of finer (sub-10 µm) dust collected by the Stardust spacecraft
in Meteoritics & Planetary Science
Srama R
(2008)
Sample return of interstellar matter (SARIM)
in Experimental Astronomy
Trigo-Rodriguez Josep M.
(2008)
Bulbous tracks arising from hypervelocity capture in aerogel
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Tsembelis K
(2008)
Residual temperature measurements of light flash under hypervelocity impact
in International Journal of Impact Engineering
Westphal Andrew J.
(2008)
Discovery of non-random spatial distribution of impacts in the Stardust cometary collector
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Wozniakiewicz P. J.
(2009)
In situ analysis of residues resulting from laboratory impacts into aluminum 1100 foil: Implications for Stardust crater analyses
in METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
Description | Solar system Ices |
Organisation | University of Warsaw |
Department | Space Science |
Country | Poland |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Provided experimental data |
Collaborator Contribution | Provided models for our analysis |
Impact | Several papers and conference talks |
Description | Solar system organics |
Organisation | University of Aberdeen |
Department | Geochemistry Laboratory |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | Provided experimental samples |
Collaborator Contribution | Data analysis using chemical means |
Impact | Several papers and conference talks |
Description | Space Debris/Cosmic Dust Flux |
Organisation | National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) |
Department | Orbital Debris Office |
Country | United States |
Sector | Public |
PI Contribution | Experimental data, input into design of detectors. data analysis |
Collaborator Contribution | Via provision of apparatus |
Impact | One or two papers, conference talks, and improved designs for new dust detectors |
Description | Stardust analysis |
Organisation | University of Washington |
Department | Earth and Space Sciences |
Country | United States |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | There are over 100 collaboraotors so can't be named individually. |
Collaborator Contribution | Provided samples of dusty collected in space and many labs to share data analysis with |
Impact | Many papers have been published, see list of publications. |
Description | BBC Horizon |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | I was filmed for BBC Horizon about life in extreme environments. I had about 5 minutes on the broadcast programme whcih has been shown several times in the UK and abroad People abroad tell me they saw me on the tv |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2006 |
Description | International Year of Astronomy 2009 |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Talk on life in space to about 60+ members of the public in an open lecture at the University of Kent None |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2009 |
Description | Museum talk |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | About 20 - 30 parens and children attended Not known |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2009 |
Description | School visit, many |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | TYpically 30 - 60 students attend a talk by myself. Not known |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2006,2007,2008,2009,2010 |
Description | Space School |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | There are typically 2 residential weekends each summer, attended by about 25 13 - 17 years olds each weekend. Not known |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2006,2007,2008,2009,2010 |
Description | Talk to astronomical society |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | Talk to about 100+ people at Cambridge Astronomy Society at the Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge None |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2007 |
Description | Talk to astronomical society |
Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
Results and Impact | About 40 - 50 members of the South East Kent Astronomy Society attended Not known |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2010 |