Optimising mussel restoration for coastal water remediation

Mussels are a critical component of coastal communities in temperate regions globally. They create spatially complex habitats that enhance biodiversity, serve as a food source for a diverse array of species, and remove excess nutrients from aquatic systems. As a key aquaculture species, mussels are also the most sustainable source of farmed animal protein worldwide. However, mussel abundance and distribution have been declining across Europe over the past decade. Mussels are thus a valuable natural asset that demands conservation attention. Nonetheless, little concerted effort has been afforded towards the restoration of wild mussel beds. This is partly due to a lack of quantitative data demonstrating their capacity to remediate eutrophic environments, leaving this nature-based solution 'unproven'. Additionally, complex mussel speciation and variable year to year spat settlement present further challenges for the effective and sustainable management of mussel beds.

The main aim of the project is to explore whether mussel restoration is a viable strategy for remediating poor water quality and enhancing ecosystem recovery in coastal UK waters. The project will address the following objectives:

1. Generate the first quantitative data on the bioremediation capacity of mussels.
2. Develop an affordable/accessible tool for genetic assessment of mussel populations in the SW UK.
3. Build a natural capital account for mussel beds, determining both current and projected future socio-economic value.
4. Establish a biophysical mussel larvae dispersal model to investigate population connectivity patterns and spat settlement locations.

The student will receive training in animal physiology, husbandry, ecotoxicology, population genetics, hydrodynamic modelling and natural capital accounting. They will also benefit from regular engagement and training with industry partners (the Exmouth Mussel Company; Seaweed Generation) and policy (D&S IFCA; NE) project partners.