Grid PP2 extension & Grid PP3
Lead Research Organisation:
Imperial College London
Department Name: Physics
Abstract
The Grid' is the next leap in computer interconnectivity. The Internet and the World Wide Web are increasingly an integral part of people's lives, helping the world share information and transfer data quickly and easily. In the same way as we now share files and facts over the global network of computers, in the future the Grid will let us share resources such as processing power and storage space. While an amazing facility, the web primarily distributes information. To share resources such as computing power and data storage on a global scale, we need a Grid.The vision is that once connected to the Grid, the end user will see it essentially as one large computer system. So that in the future computer services could become a utility like electricity, paying for what you use as an on-demand service. The Grid is a practical solution to the problems of storing and processing the large quantities of data that will be produced by industry and the scientific communities over the next decade. Particle physicists are waiting for 2007 when a new particle accelerator opens in the world's largest particle physics laboratory, CERN. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be the most powerful instrument ever built to investigate fundamental physics. Once this is fully functional the amount of data being produced will be massive. All this will be too much for one institution to handle so they need to share resources i.e. to use distributed computing. The Grid is built on the same Internet infrastructure as the web, but uses different tools. Middleware is one of these tools. In a stand alone computer the resources allocated to each job are managed by the operating system e.g. Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X. Middleware is like the operating system of a Grid, allowing users to access resources without searching for them manually. GridPP has developed middleware for the Grid, in collaboration with other international projects. Due to GridPP's open source policy, the middleware can evolve and be improved by the people who use it. Distributed computing has been available to scientists for some time but, in general, the use of different sites has to be negotiated by each scientist individually. They need a separate account on each system and jobs have to be submitted and results collected back by hand. Current distributed computing means the user has a lot of work to do to get their results. This is where the idea of Grid computing comes in. Page 3 of 9 Date printed: 01/11/2007 14:38:02 ST/F006748/1 Date saved: 31/10/2007 16:21:34 Middleware lets users simply submit jobs to the Grid without having to know where the data is or where the jobs will run. The software can run the job where the data is, or move the data to where there is CPU power available. Using the Grid and middleware, all the user has to do is submit a job and pick up the results. Acting as the gatekeeper and matchmaker for the Grid, middleware monitors the Grid, decides where to send computing jobs, manages users, data and storage. It will check the identity of the user through the use of digital certificates. A digital certificate is a file stored securely on a users computer which allows the Grid to correctly identify a user. The certificates are given to a user by the Certification Authority, with numerous steps to ensure the person applying is who they say they are. The middleware automatically extracts the users' identity from their digital certificate and uses this to log them in. This means users don't have to remember user names and passwords to log onto the Grid, they're automatically logged on using their Grid certificate. After this seamless identification process the middleware will find the most convenient and efficient places for the job to be run and organise efficient access to the relevant scientific data. It
Organisations
People |
ORCID iD |
| David Colling (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Abbaneo D
(2009)
The CMS Collaboration
in Nuclear Physics A
Adams D
(2013)
Characterisation of the muon beams for the Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment
in The European Physical Journal C
Adey D
(2014)
Light sterile neutrino sensitivity at the nuSTORM facility
in Physical Review D
Albert M
(2010)
Experience building and operating the CMS Tier-1 computing centres
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Andreeva J
(2010)
CMS analysis operations
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Ari F
(2011)
Modulation of protein expression levels and DNA methylation status of breast cancer metastasis genes by anthracycline-based chemotherapy and the demethylating agent decitabine.
in Cell biochemistry and function
Bendjelid K
(2012)
Impact of intra-abdominal pressure on retrohepatic vena cava shape and flow in mechanically ventilated pigs
in Physiological Measurement
Bogomilov M
(2012)
The MICE Muon Beam on ISIS and the beam-line instrumentation of the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment
in Journal of Instrumentation
Boser Christian
Experimental searches for tHq
Britton D
(2009)
GridPP: the UK grid for particle physics.
in Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Britton D.I.
(2009)
The UK particle physics grid
in MIPRO 2009 - 32nd International Convention Proceedings: Microelectronics, Electronics and Electronic Technology, MEET and Grid and Visualizations Systems, GVS
Britton D.I.
(2009)
The UK particle physics grid
in MIPRO 2009 - 32nd International Convention Proceedings: Microelectronics, Electronics and Electronic Technology, MEET and Grid and Visualizations Systems, GVS
Buchmueller O
(2011)
Implications of initial LHC searches for supersymmetry
in The European Physical Journal C
Buchmueller O
(2011)
Supersymmetry and dark matter in light of LHC 2010 and XENON100 data
in The European Physical Journal C
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Observation of long-range, near-side angular correlations in pPb collisions at the LHC
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Observation of a peaking structure in the J / ? ? mass spectrum from B ± ? J / ? ? K ± decays
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the t-channel single top quark production cross section in pp collisions at vs=7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Observation of a New ? b Baryon
in Physical Review Letters
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of W? and Z? production in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for signatures of extra dimensions in the diphoton mass spectrum at the large hadron collider.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Study of the Dijet mass spectrum in pp ? W+jets events at sqrt[s] = 7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Search for invisible decays of Higgs bosons in the vector boson fusion and associated ZH production modes
in The European Physical Journal C
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for a W ' boson decaying to a muon and a neutrino in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for heavy, top-like quark pair production in the dilepton final state in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Interpretation of searches for supersymmetry with simplified models
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of the properties of a Higgs boson in the four-lepton final state
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the underlying event activity at the LHC with $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV and comparison with $ \sqrt {s} = 0.9 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the polarization of W bosons with large transverse momenta in W + jets events at the LHC.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Evidence of b-jet quenching in PbPb collisions at v(s(NN))=2.76 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Measurement of the t t ¯ production cross section in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV in dilepton final states containing a t
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Measurement of the prompt J / ? and ? ( 2 S ) polarizations in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Searches for new physics using the tt¯ invariant mass distribution in pp collisions at vs=8 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for flavor changing neutral currents in top quark decays in pp collisions at 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for a new bottomonium state decaying to ? ( 1 S ) p + p - in pp collisions at s = 8 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Angular analysis and branching fraction measurement of the decay B 0 ? K ? 0 µ + µ -
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Observation of a diffractive contribution to dijet production in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Search for top-quark partners with charge 5/3 in the same-sign dilepton final state.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Modification of jet shapes in PbPb collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for heavy lepton partners of neutrinos in proton-proton collisions in the context of the type III seesaw mechanism
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the B s 0 Production Cross Section with B s 0 ? J / ? ? Decays in p p Collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for physics beyond the standard model in events with a Z boson, jets, and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Measurement of the $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}$ production cross section in the t+jets channel in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7\ \mbox{TeV}$
in The European Physical Journal C
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for new physics in events with opposite-sign leptons, jets, and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for three-jet resonances in pp collisions at square root(s)=7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Inclusive and differential measurements of the t t ¯ charge asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles at high transverse momenta in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s(NN)] = 2.76 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Measurement of the pseudorapidity and centrality dependence of the transverse energy density in Pb-Pb collisions at v(s(NN))=2.76 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of the production cross section for a W boson and two b jets in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for B(s)(0) ? µ+ µ- and B(0) ? µ+ µ- decays in pp collisions at sqrt[s] = 7 TeV.
in Physical review letters