Sensory Cities: researching, representing and curating sensory-emotional landscapes of urban environments

Lead Research Organisation: Brunel University London
Department Name: Social Science, Media and Communications

Abstract

This network creates a platform for dialogue across academic disciplines, professions and national borders to discuss how to research urban experiences. The discussions will pay particular attention to how the senses and emotional perceptions are evoked in urban environments and to how they can be understood and researched from different disciplinary perspectives such as history, sociology, geography, or museum studies as well as from different professional perspectives such as urban planning, urban marketing or museum curation. By doing so we hope to show how research on the senses helps to understand the relationship between history, personal experiences and feelings of attachments in a multicultural European context.

We will organise four meetings (three workshops and one international conference) in three European cities: London, Cologne and Barcelona to compare urban experience and connect European scholars and urban professionals from diverse fields such as city museum curators, urban planners and urban marketing specialists. There will be a core steering group of academics and urban professionals which will help to identify key areas to discuss and we will invite a range of local and European participants to each of these workshops. The aim of the workshops is to bring together a diversity of experts working on the city and to explore together, existing and new methods to research and represent the sensory emotional realm in cities. To do so the workshops will have an 'active research day' component during which participants will have to trial different methods to research the sensory realm in a particular street in each city. From the discussions in the workshops an online 'toolkit' will be created on a website that both professionals and the general public will be able to access on their mobile phones as they walk around the city. This toolkit will provide resources and pilot case studies for each city that illustrate some of the sensory methods discussed and developed throughout the workshops.

Planned Impact

The aim of the network is to bring together for the first time academics, urban professionals and city museum curators across Europe to discuss how to research, represent and curate the sensory-emotional experience of daily urban life.

Policy-makers, local government:
The interactive website built during the project will make available a toolkit of sensory research methods to research citizens' attachments to urban environments. We expect that this toolkit will help urban policy makers and local governments across Europe to gather qualitative data about what environmental features are important markers of place attachment and emotional well-being for a diverse citizenry. To put it simple, sensory research methods are a unique tool to gather how to turn a space into a meaningful place. The research network findings will offer particular insights into how contemporary European multicultural cities demand particular frameworks of interaction.

Commercial/private sector (urban branding/marketing/architecture):
The urban marketing and branding sector plays now a crucial role in shaping the urban economy and in attracting visitors and investment into the city. The lived urban experience provides the 'raw material' on which to base their campaigns. At the same time these urban professionals research and display what they view as the marketable sensescapes of the city. This network presents an opportunity for
a) closer discussion of these processes from a variety of views
b) a comparative evaluation of such methods across distinct cities in Europe in order to share existing approaches and generate new ways of researching the sensory-emotional landscapes of cities.

Third sector/charities/museums:
Museums are constantly looking for new ways of making exhibitions more interactive and experientially relevant to the general public. The resources and information gathered from the research network on the interactive mobile website and edited book collection will offer a valuable resource for museums to experiment with new curational formats. We also envisage that charities involved with a spectrum of disabled groups will find the findings useful to galvanise policy support for more accessible cities or as a repository to conduct their own research on experiencing the urban realm.

Local communities/wider public:
The interactive webpage will be available to the general public to download on their phone or tablet and will allow the public to access in new ways the urban realm.

Additionally, any peer-reviewed publications arising from this grant will be registered on Brunel University's open access institutional repository: BURA which is ranked 7th in the UK by the Ranking Web of Repositories. In 2014 there have been 14,034,444 downloads performed to date.

Publications

10 25 50
 
Title Digital sensory maps 
Description Our mixed methods approach produced different types of data (including photographs, sound recordings, oral histories, interviews, observational notes and streetscape maps) which helped us to understand various aspects of the sensory and temporal dimensions of Smithfield. We carried out cross-sectional analysis of all the data examining the themes identified in the research questions and identifying new themes emerging across the data. We also used mapping techniques to understand the evolving sensory identity of the Smithfield area (see the next section). The findings were used to produce a digital resource: To visualise our findings, we created hand-drawn maps that illustrated the various temporal flows, and fluctuating sensory atmospheres of the area over a 24 hour period. The information for these maps was gathered from our own observations of the area in conjunction with the interviews, secondary literature and other data gathered. Rather than creating a representative history or fixed map of the area, we regard these mappings as analytical tools that allow us to evoke the distinctive feel of place at particular times and moments, which can be difficult to represent through language alone. These maps were compiled and developed as a digital resource with a digital artist. We have developed a range of mapping techniques that evoke how: • the past (both historical past and subjective memories) shapes current experiences of place • the sensory landscape influences our perception of the different atmospheres across Smithfield and how these vary at different times • different social groups experience different place identities depending on how they spend time at Smithfield • the sensory characteristics of place differ across Smithfield This prototype is an initial attempt at capturing both the history-present-future trialectic of a cityspace as well as the sensory-temporal experience of a 24 hour cycle, both of which inform our relationship to understandings of particular areas, see www.sensorysmithfield.com for more information. 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2017 
Impact We had meetings with the Museum of London and the architects involved in the design of the new museum location to show them how these digital maps help to understand the identity of the area and it's meanings for various social groups. As Alex Werner, the Lead Curator of the New Museum of London states in the foreword of our report: "This report on the sensory identities and temporal flows of the area will be a valuable resource as the museum develops its interpretation masterplan, setting out its vision programmes, display areas and public spaces both within and in the environs of its building." 
URL http://www.sensorysmithfield.com
 
Title Sensory Think-kit - an online tool to research the senses in urban environments 
Description The Sensory Cities THiNK-KiT makes a case for the importance of interdisciplinary and cross-professional investigation of urban sensing. It brings together in the form of a digital tool methods and resources for researching, designing, curating and representing the senses in the city, drawing on the reflections of the "Sensory Cities" international research network, which involved academics, artists and urban professionals across Europe to discuss and exchange methodological approaches. The site does not contain findings per se but offers a range of practical approaches and suggestions to researching urban experiences that emerged from discussions in the network. It is above all a 'think-kit' to frame the exploration of the urban sensorium and the design and implementation of research for planning, curation and education. You can navigate the site either thematically or by different profesional interests such as: academic, planners and urban professional, museum curators or sensory education section. We also added a 'public' section where we have some suggestion for making sensory walks for the general public which requires no prior knowledge. 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2017 
Impact The think-kit will be launched on the 24th of March 2017 
URL http://sensorythinktank.com/
 
Description The newtork created a interdisciplinary exchange between academics from a variety of discisplines and a range of urban professionals. Through the talks and the fieldwork we all learned a lot about new and different approaches to recording and interpreting the senses we had not encountered and certainly never combined before. We felt inspired by the creative ways of mediating sensory research used by artists, activists and museum curators. The inter-professional exchange also made the academics much more aware of the practical constraints within which urban professionals have to operate, while the theoretical perspectives offered ways to professionals to understand the role of the senses from a more critical perspective. Having the workshops in three cities allowed glimpsing at how professional, administrative and legal ecologies shape the frame for collaboration across theory and practice and to think about how 'good practice' could be translated from city to another. Please look at the summaries of each workshop on the website for more information.

As our discussions evolved we thought it more and more important not only to communicate different techniques for recording the senses, but to think about ways to stress the cultural and historical nature of sensing, the importance of the multiplicity of sensory training approaches and the need for interdisciplinary research teems when examining urban experiences or sensory dimensions in the city and structures that facilitate dialogue and participation. Hence the toolkit we originally envisaged as one of our main output, increasingly became a 'thinkkit' which draws attentions to the how the senses frame and are framed by the social.
Exploitation Route A sensory think-kit or toolkit has been developed out of this project to support museum curators, urban planners, educators and the general public in understanding and researching the importance of sensory experiences in shaping urban living. Please see website for further details.
Sectors Communities and Social Services/Policy,Construction,Creative Economy,Education,Leisure Activities, including Sports, Recreation and Tourism,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections

URL http://www.sensorycities.com
 
Description In 2016 some of the findings have been discussed in two German newspapers and therefore made the general public more aware of the role of the senses in urban planning and urban culture. See: http://www.ksta.de/koeln/innenstadt/forschungsprojekt-wie-riecht-und-schmeckt-der-eigelstein--23638894 http://www.express.de/koeln/verrueckte-forschung--koelle--wie-ist-dein-gefuehl--sinne-erforschen-die-stadt-23634416 The Museum of London is also discussing the findings of the London and Cologne workshop in their planning arrangement for their display in their future relocation. One architect that attended the London workshop and also paid his own way to attend the Cologne and Barcelona workshop is integrating the discussion on sensory methodologies in his architectural practice in Glasgow. We are in talks about providing some sensory training in his practice over the summer. In 2017 we collaborated with the Museum of London to research the sensory identity of the West Smithfield area - the location the Museum of London is planning to move to in 2022. We drew on ideas and research methods that emerged from the AHRC research network and produced a report and a series of sensory maps for the museum, see www.sensorysmithfield.com Alex Werner the Lead Curator of the Museum of London stated in the foreword of the report: "This report on the sensory identities and temporal flows will be a very valuable resource as the museum develops its interpretation masterplan, setting out its vision for programmes, display areas and public spaces both within and in the environs of its building.". In January 2018 I was invited to share our findings with the architects involved in designing the new museum and its public spaces who were discussing how to take on board our sensory approach in their design. A further workshop was held with the architects involved in the design of the new museum in June 2018 where we shared our findings and discussed how these can be applied for the conceptualisation of the future museum building.
First Year Of Impact 2017
Sector Communities and Social Services/Policy,Creative Economy,Education,Leisure Activities, including Sports, Recreation and Tourism,Government, Democracy and Justice,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections
Impact Types Cultural,Societal

 
Description Brunel University Research Development Funding
Amount £4,960 (GBP)
Organisation Brunel University London 
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 04/2017 
End 10/2017
 
Description Symposium: Museums, Cities & Cultural Power 24-25 June 2021 
Organisation Museum of London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution I was awarded a Brunel University seminar grant to organise an event with the Museum of London which is based on collaborations and networks I developed during my AHRC seminar grant.
Collaborator Contribution The Museum of London is collaborating in the organisation of the event and match-funding the event.
Impact Event to be streamed live online 24/25 June 2021. This will be a cross-professional and interdisciplinary event covering urban studies, architecture, museum studies, sociology, anthropology and planning.
Start Year 2015
 
Description The Museum of London collaborated on a 6 month pilot study: "Sensory Explorations of West Smithfield" which applied the findings generated from the AHRC network discussions on their future relocation site 
Organisation Museum of London
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution The senses are crucial in curatorial practices by city museums as they are sites of embodied sensory knowledge. City museums not only reflect the development of the urban form but, moreover, they capture the lived experience of the city as its political, economic and social conditions transform over time. The reliance of museums on visually led curation has been challenged by an awareness of the importance of non-visual senses and to create more participatory multisensory experiences with visitors. However, no city museums has so far explicitly focused on the sensory transformation of the city through urban redevelopment and the multiple layers of historical and contemporary narratives that can be told. The MoL relocation in 2022 to West Smithfield provides an exciting opportunity to focus on the ways urban change will transform the sensory identity of the current West Smithfield site and to consider how this will be incorporated in the museum's design and exhibition spaces. Through discussions that have evolved through the AHRC funded Sensory Cities Research Network we have conducted, in collaboration with MoL, an analysis of the past, present and future sensory landscapes of West Smithfield. The aim of this pilot research study has been to map the sensory landscape of the current market site (inside and outside) in relation to its future regeneration. This sensory mapping allows understanding West Smithfield social and urban history and how the past gets reworked into the future. The research questions include: 1) Which traces of sensory social history can be mapped and recorded within and around West Smithfield and how might they connect to the present and future of the city? 2) How can the multiple atmospheres of the current site (e.g. dereliction, creativity & transformation) be captured and integrated into the MoL gallery space? 3) What is the current 'identity of West Smithfield' and how will this be integrated and/or changed through its integration into a museum? A mixed-methods approach was used: sensory ethnography (including photography and recordings); 22 evocative interviews with surrounding residents, business owners (snowballing access) and architects (after accessed is granted by MoL); 150 Vox-pox interview with the general public using the area, historical research and secondary literature research. The report with our key findings and sensory maps can be found on the following website: www.sensorysmithfield.com
Collaborator Contribution A 21st century city museum cannot neglect the sensory dimensions neither in its curatorial practice nor of its city. To connect the MoL to the surrounding streets and people the MoL was interested in collaborating in researching the West Smithfield market present and history by explicitly focusing on its existing sensory landscape and engagements. City museums are locations to enable debates about the decoding and recoding of place meanings (for instant by portraying migration as both a historical and recurrent phenomenon to offer reflection on a present of future process that is reshaping the city). The relocation of the MoL to West Smithfield provides a unique opportunity to analyse the existing site from a sensory perspective to identify its current identity and atmosphere and also examine how the future is envisaged through the architects plans and CGIs. The MoL provided access to their oral interviews collection, photographs and the current site. They particularly wanted us to - provide an experiential map on the current site, a record of the feelings, atmospheres, 'the soft infrastructure' of West Smithfield and surroundings that the MoL might not have time to collect itself; - write a report on the findings that can be used by the MoL to inform its curatorial practices or used to create an information page on its webpage; - use the pilot design a more extensive research grant proposal, possibly in conjunction with the Museum of London, about the redevelopment of West Smithfield and how to integrate the site and area in curatorial practices. The MoL asked us to provide our findings to a) the New Museum of London seminars to inform their staff about our findings and we also presented to the MoL Board and architects involved in the re-location of the museum. We are in further conversations with them about how to make this research applicable.
Impact 1. Report: Degen, M.; Lewis, C. Swenson, S. & Ward I. (2017) The Changing Feel of Smithfield: exploring sensory identities and temporal flows, Brunel University London.
Start Year 2017
 
Description BBC Radio 4 Interview 'Thinking Allowed' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact I was invited to talk on the 10 January 2018 on 'Thinking Allowed' BBCRadio 4 about sensory landscapes in cities. The aim was to engage the general public with the importance of sensory experiences in their daily engagement with the city and, in particular, to alert the public how the urban regeneration is made effective through the organisation of sensory experience. BBCRadio 4 received an array of interested comments and feedback via social media.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b09l0cc2
 
Description Barcelona AHRC Sensory Cities Networking Workshop June 2016 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact This 3rd workshop was framed around the topic of power and the senses and focused on urban branding, tourism and place attachments. This was in part determined by questions emerging from the discussions in London and Cologne as well as the issues that are important to the city of Barcelona. 40 participants attended this 3rd Sensory Cities networking workshop in Barcelona. We invited a mixture of museum curators, academics, urban professionals (branding professional and urban planners from Barcelona city council), artists and the third sector to speak and had this time an 'audience' of post-graduate, undergraduate students and the genera public that actively participated in the discussion.

We started our workshop with a philosophical inquiry into the cultural underpinnings of the hierarchy of sensory experience, the multiplicity of sensory perceptions and the need to replace the notion of 'landscape' for that of a multisensory environment. This set the tone for a range of Barcelona focused papers that explored the limits of the senses in displaying historical information about the urban past, the importance of Barcelona's sensory environment in framing the city as a brand and how the sensory could allow to shape tourism beyond 'the gaze. Throughout the question of whose senses were present and absent, as well as who has the power to frame the senses informed the discussion. This was equally relevant when analysing homelessness in the city as well as the ways in which tourism brings to the fore new ways of sensing the city. The afternoon included a guided walk around CCCB's latest exhibition on Africa and a demonstration of the use of objects and senses in bringing experiences to live for different audience, including people with dementia as we had seen in Cologne. The last session focused on the Carrer Hospital from a variety of perspectives. We started with an insider's view from a political scientist who had been born there and has seen his house and family past be demolished. This was followed by reports on how culture is used in multiple ways in el Raval by a number of actors from migrant charities to urban planners to connect people to place and create place attachments. We concluded the day with an interactive workshop with a presentation on the Barcelona of sounds and the Theatre of the Senses that explored how to put the sensory body at the forefront of research methods. The methodological emphasis of the Barcelona workshop was on the representation of sensory relationships and how to make these tangible for different audiences. On the second day five inter-disciplinary, cross-professional groups (25 participants) were asked to analyse sensory power relations in the Carrer Hospital with a view to the 'audience' they were going to present them to: youth, tourists, policy makers, locals and museum curators. Those attending the workshop reported an increased interest in sensory methods and especially the urban planners and museum curators attending wanted to explore in more detail the relevance of the senses by also taking their ideas back to their work practice and we are in discussions of delivery of sensory training workshops for the museums, architects and planners involved.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www.sensorycities.com
 
Description Cologne AHRC Sensory Cities Networking Workshop February 2016 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact 27 participants attended the 2nd Sensory Cities networking workshop in Cologne. They consisted of a mixture of museum curators, academics, urban professionals (architect, urban planners) and the third sector. On the first day there were a range of presentation which sparked a lively discussion and questions - the participants reported and increased knowledge and deeper understanding into the importance of the senses in museum curation and their own academic practice. On the 2nd day we did an active fieldwork day with about 16 participants of the participants. We devised hands on method exercises and each group had to work in the field for 3 hours. In the afternoon each group reported their findings. This was experienced as a very interesting and fruitful exercise. Academics and practitioners worked together and discussed their different methodological approaches to the senses. Especially the museum curators and architect reported that they are integrating a sensory approach in their future working practices.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www.sensorycities.com
 
Description Engagement activity by AHRC for general public, local authorities, Third Sector 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The 'Co-creating Cities and Communities' Forum/Urban Collaboratory aimed to develop a better understanding of how research collaborations between universities and cities-supported by digital, artistic and creative practice-can re-make life in cities to better meet communities needs. Organised by the arts and Humanities research Council Connected Communities Programme with support from the urban living Partnership and the university of bristol, the event brought together over 200 participants and over 40 collaborative projects to discuss how creative, collaborative, urban research can make a positive difference to cities and communities. I organised a well attended session of around 60 members of the public, local authorities, academics and third sector workers entitled "Mediated memories: the digital construction and reconstruction of urban
experiences and identities. My aim was to present the insights from my now AHRC Sensory Cities Network and three other projects, to showcase their practices and methods, and to identify common themes that underpin a set of key recommendations for others wishing to support university-community collaboration as a tool for developing nourishing cities.
In particular my presentation of the sensory toolkit that developed from the AHRC Sensory Cities network illustrated how creative methods and sensory approaches support the co-creation of inclusive neighbourhoods to improve community cohesion and wellbeing and can be used to imagine new approaches to tackling poverty and exclusion in regeneration areas.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
URL https://connected-communities.org/index.php/events/event/co-creating-cities-and-communities/
 
Description London AHRC Sensory Cities Networking Workshop October 2015 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The aim of the workshops was to bring together a range of European urban professionals, museum curators and academics to share insights and methodological approaches on how to research, curate and represent the urban experiential realm. In particular we are interested in comparing how sensory perceptions feature and are researched in a variety of academic disciplines and urban professions across Europe. 23 academics, museum curators, artists and urban professionals (both from the private and public sector) as well as PhD students attended. A number of presentations were given which created a lively discussion about the role of the senses in urban planning and urban living and on how to research the senses. The main discussion points have been summarised and distributed via email and website. The feedback was very positive, especially the time for discussion.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2015
URL http://www.sensorycities.com
 
Description Newspaper artice: 'Wie riecht und schmeckt der Eigelstein?' Kölner Stadt Anzeiger 29.2.2016 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Journalist from one of the largest regional German newspaper, the Kölner Stadtanzeiger interviewed the Sensory Cities Network members during a day of fieldwork in Cologne and reported on the significance of the senses for experiences of the urban to a general public in the city of Cologne and across the North-Rhine Westphalia region. The paper has ca. 1 million daily readers of the print edition and a strong online readership (source http://www.ksta.de/mediadaten-und-preise-1587538).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www.ksta.de/koeln/innenstadt/forschungsprojekt-wie-riecht-und-schmeckt-der-eigelstein--236388...
 
Description Newspaper article: 'Kölle, wie ist dein Gefühl? Sinne erforschen die Stadt', Express, 28.02.16 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Journalists from Cologne's (Germany) most widely read tabloid newspaper (publication run of ca. 120.000) interviewed members of the Sensory Cities Network during their fieldwork workshop in Cologne and reported on the importance of the senses for live in cities in an accessible style for a very wide audience.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www.express.de/koeln/verrueckte-forschung--koelle--wie-ist-dein-gefuehl--sinne-erforschen-die...