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Gender Based Violence and Resilience in India: Co-Producing Interdisciplinary Network through storytelling and applied theatre (GenViR Network India)

Lead Research Organisation: De Montfort University
Department Name: School of Applied Social Sciences

Abstract

This highly collaborative, cross-disciplinary network details a novel applied theatre methodology which will both explore and mobilise resources to mitigate gender-based violence (GBV) against young and older adult migrant women in slum dwelling communities in India. GBV disproportionately affects women and girls who often suffer more serious mental and physical health and social consequences compared to men and boys. In all settings GBV against women and girls is recognised as a high-risk factor for poor health outcomes including mental health, adverse reproductive outcomes, poor sexual health, disability, chronic pain, traumatic brain injury and even death. There is a notable scarcity of research and insight into how women mitigate and develop resilience in the face of these adversities, and how they construct resilience for positive living. This represents an untold story which the network intends to explore. The concept of resilience is gaining traction as a research tool, and this is happening in tandem with a recognition that the complexity of human communities, conflicting intersectionality, and the challenges faced, are growing more acute. Our network intends to meaningfully address these challenges in their full complexity. Our proposal combines an intergenerational approach to exploring perspectives of women and men on addressing and reducing GBV for promoting mental health and resilience with an inclusive participatory model, novel applied theatre methodology and digital media approaches.

Through the application of applied theatre and storytelling as an umbrella concept, we envisage that these arts-based practice will create theatre with community groups with the aim of inviting change and investigating community-led solutions to the lived experiences of injustice, inequity, and violence. We will undertake this through: (1) Exploring how SDMW can be safely and ethically engaged in identifying critical areas for change in reducing GVB in their communities. (2) Eliciting stories from interested SDMW about their lived experiences of GBV and possible solutions. (3) Co-developing a series of workshops to mobilise lived experience experts and cross-sector stakeholders as agents of change for sustainable and culturally relevant research and impact agenda. (4) Building capacity in existing relationships and establishing new partnerships to strengthen and diversify the network's research base and funding applications.

Our network will extend existing partnerships and develop new collaborations between UK and Indian academics and researchers, members of marginalised slum dwelling communities, theatre practitioners and NGOs. We will explore the forms that violence against women may take, ways they can resist it, and where help can be sought. Our theatrical, storytelling and digital media engagement will offer opportunities over and above conventional research methods to elicit new stories and experiences and catalyse fresh thinking about possible solutions in a way which can engage both women and men from marginalised communities in addressing GBV.

Our network will impact on: (1) promoting peace, justice, dignity, wellbeing and resilience for this vulnerable community by facilitating effective and context-relevant solutions to GBV; (2) direct engagement in addressing GBV through co-creation of knowledge on resilience, and GBV prevention of strategies; (3) building capacity, facilitating preventative and resilience building measures to address GBV in slum dwelling internal migrant communities to promote gender equality, social justice and economic development; (4) inform national and international debates on culturally appropriate GBV prevention strategies for promoting peace, justice and resilience of marginalised slum dwelling communities in India/ South Asia.

Publications

10 25 50
 
Title GenViR Digital Stories Archive 
Description GenViR Digital Stories were co-created with the following communities in the months of June & July 2023 Slum-dwelling migrant women in Pune - Digital Stories with slum dwelling migrant women in Pune will be collected to understand the wider social, cultural and structural aspects of violence as it is implicated in the lives of women. The focus of these stories is to facilitate the women to recognise their own narratives and share them as they deem fit. The significance of these narratives is to also recognise the spaces/sites and factors from which these women derive strength to become resilient in the face of powers that are and powers that will be. Hijra community in Pune - The Hijra community has a very peculiar social and cultural position in the Indian subcontinent. Consequently, their perceptions and experiences of GBV are essentially very different from that of men or women. It is then no surprise that their understanding of strength and resilience may also differ fundamentally from other groups. To capture such diverse experiences Digital Stories will be applied to these three groups who are vulnerable, disadvantaged and marginalised in their own ways but which also display their own versions of strengths, resilience and hope for a better future. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2024 
Impact Showcasing the voices of the marginalised communities in India on their experiences of gender-based violence and their resilience. 
URL https://www.genvir.org/digital-stories
 
Title GenViR Workshop Illustrations 
Description More than Minutes illustrations of each of the six workshops led by GenViR Network Project focusing on practice driven discussions on key considerations of work on Gender-Based Violence and Resilience in India. 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2023 
Impact Publicly available as a summary of discussions to support and guide research agenda on GBV in India and Global South. 
URL https://www.genvir.org/networkworkshop
 
Title Illustration of methodological approach developed 
Description A creative artefact summarising key positional, ethical, and approach elements of the co-developed methodology for working with vulnerable communities of internally migrated men and women in India about gender based violence experiences, concerns, and solutions. 
Type Of Art Artefact (including digital) 
Year Produced 2022 
Impact Shaped community engagement by creating safe spaces for dialogues about gender based violence. Formed the foundation of capacity development for team and community link workers working in these spaces with the identified communities. 
 
Description Gender-Based Violence and Resilience (GenViR) UK/India Network project has achieved the following findings:

1. Internal migrants experience GBV in a diversity of ways that are specific to their context and identity. So experiences of GBV and strategies for resilience of women are meaningfully different than those of the hijra (trans) community in India. Therefore strategies for intervention and research need to take into account identity and contextual variation and intersections for meanful impact on GBV resilience and prevention.

2. Working with community co-researchers, community leaders, and NGO support workers is essential in building trust and safe spaces for community voice on issues relating to their lived experiences.

3. Interdisciplinary creative methodologies are instrumental in transforming spaces for safe dialogue and co-creation of strategies for future research and impact.
Exploitation Route 1. Use of interdisciplinary iterative framework for digital storytelling and applied theatre when engaging with marginalised communities in India and Global South on sensitive topics like GBV.

2. Adopting participatory approaches with community co-researchers and trusted community link workers as underpinning approach for supporting community voice in shaping research and intervention development. This is relevant both for researchers as well as third sector organisations working with these communities.

3. Using digital stories and educational and sensitisation tools to sociocultural issues around gender and sexuality as well as violence, marginalisation, and oppression due to these identities and pathways for change.
Sectors Communities and Social Services/Policy

Government

Democracy and Justice

Culture

Heritage

Museums and Collections

URL https://www.genvir.org
 
Description Partner organisation has used our methodology of partnership to shape their community voice practice within the organisation.
First Year Of Impact 2023
Sector Communities and Social Services/Policy
Impact Types Policy & public services

 
Description Impact and extension of Gender-Based Violence and Resilience project
Geographic Reach Asia 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to new or improved professional practice
Impact A CSG is a collective of individuals who share common experiences, challenges, or goals and convene regularly to provide both emotional and practical support to one another. These groups play a pivotal role in helping individuals cope with stress, combat feelings of loneliness or isolation, and address issues related to stigma. CSGs are led by trained facilitators or peer leaders who guide the group discussions and activities. CSG program for this project consists of six sessions. These sessions cover a range of topics, including awareness of community problems, problem-solving techniques, counselling and guidance skills, economic development opportunities for women, legal awareness, and general health awareness. By replicating the success of the initial project, the CSG program becomes an integral component in promoting positive changes in the lives of women in slum communities, creating a ripple effect of empowerment and resilience.
 
Title Theatrical and storytelling workshop model for eliciting narratives about gender based violence 
Description Co-developed workshop structure and content for intersecting theatre and digital storytelling methodologies for eliciting narratives about gender based violence. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2022 
Provided To Others? No  
Impact Informing community engagement practice for ethical, trusted, and non-violent approaches for working is vulnerable spaces for marginalised communities. Elicited narratives will support research agenda development and stakeholder workshop discussions, shaping academic research agenda. 
 
Description Christ, Deemed to be University 
Organisation Christ University
Country India 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Methodological and expertise contributions using creative approaches for understanding lived experiences of women survivors of Gender Based Violence and trans community in India. Collaboration on future projects agreed (already submitted and in development).
Collaborator Contribution Support of research and impact activities.
Impact GenViR Anthologies AHRC funding application
Start Year 2023
 
Description Community engagement 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact Visits to communities experiencing high levels of gender based violence (men and women internal migrants in slum contexts, hijra community)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022,2023
 
Description DMU/India Research Symposium, Mumbai, India 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Presented project methodology as good practice for interdisciplinary research to academics, practitioners, artists, and third sector organisations.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
 
Description Engagement with trans community (Mumbai) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Further engagement with trans community in Mumbai headquarters of Tweet Foundation. Preparing further funding application. Included further
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
 
Description GenViR Workshop Series 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Practice driven discussions on key considerations of work on Gender-Based Violence and Resilience in India. Total attendance around 10-20 per workshop. Also available online on YouTube and GenViR Project website (open access).

Session 01 | The Context of Gender Based Violence in India
This workshop introduces the concept of Gender Based violence from interpersonal and wider structural, social, and cultural perspectives. It considers individual and community consequences of GBV within the Indian context (e.g., relationships, agency, mental health).
Speakers:
Dr. Nadia Svirydzenka (Dept of Psychology, De Montfort University)
Shruthi Venkatchalam (Centre for Gender and Violence Research, University of Bristol)
Prof. Raghu Raghavan (School of Nursing and Midwifery, De Montfort University)

Session 02 | Creative Methods and Arts-based interventions
Theatre and digital storytelling experts share and discuss their own research expertise in creative practice for sensitive topics like GBV in different cultural contexts, proposing methodological orientations for working with vulnerable communities in India and the Global South.
Speakers:
Prof. Selina Busby (Royal Central School of Speech and Drama)
Dr. Andy Barrett (Artistic Director, Excavate)
Dr. Antonia Liguori (School of Design and Creative Arts, Loughborough University)

Session 03 | Research in difficult spaces: A focus on sensitivities
This discursive session explores methodological and theoretical considerations for working in sensitive spaces. It presents a range of experiences from the panel of working across a range of sensitive contexts with vulnerable/marginalised/ disenfranchised groups. The session aims to deliver practical solutions for research practice, in addition to considerations around psychological safety for both researcher and communities.
Speakers:
Dr. Anoop Bhogal-Nair (School of Leadership, Management, and Marketing, De Montfort University)
Satkirti Sinha (PhD Researcher, Department of Performing Arts, De Montfort University)
Prof. Brian Brown (School of Applied Social Sciences, De Montfort University)

Session 04 | Impact, change and work in the field of GBV
The session highlights direct accounts of successful practice of working with communities. The speakers discuss effective practices of working in the field and engaging local communities in participatory and creative co-production for research and community collaborations across contexts.
Speakers:
Sohini Chakraborty (Founder Director of Kolkata Sanved)
Hemant Chaturvedi (Community Researcher)
Dr. Swati Kamble (Independent Researcher, PhD University of Geneva, Socioeconomics)

Session 05 | Broad policy landscape: Bridging policy and NGO work
Experts working directly with communities, systems, and public health, discuss issues in negotiating policy spaces at local and national levels. The session explores pathways to impact for communities, the opportunities and difficulties in translating impact across spaces, and proposals for the bridging of grassroots level community work into the broader policy landscape.
Speakers:
Alli Bhaskar (CESVI India)
Dr. Rajmohan Panda (Public Health Foundation of India)

Session 06 | GenViR Futures
Reflections and learnings from the Network journey
The aim of this workshop is to consolidate collective learning and reflections of the UK and India teams on the GenViR Network journey. The focus of the session will be on the methodological approaches developed for engaging with marginalised communities and groups of internal migrants in India with support from local NGOs to have their voices heard in co-developing research strategy for the future. We will articulate key outcomes from the project with the view of creating future pathways for embedding our learning in impactful research and extending the network throughout the region.
Speakers:
Dr. Nadia Svirydzenka
Dr. Anoop Bhogal Nair
Dr. Rashi Bhargava
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://www.genvir.org/networkworkshop
 
Description GenViR community digital storytelling co-creation workshops 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact A series of creative workshops for trust building, digital storytelling, and story showcase across 2023 (March, June, July, September). Participants were women survivors of GBV (15) and hijra (trans) community (15) as well as SWADHAR NGO staff and link workers.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://www.genvir.org/digital-stories
 
Description One-day colloquium on non-standard research outputs: Their merits, the REF, and External Funders 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Talk on the value of embodied impacts through creative methods and creative outputs within collaborative research spaces. The GenViR project was used as one example of community engagement through creative approaches of engagement.

Positive responses from the audience members who represented a number of subject disciplines. Discussion on articulating the merits and benefits of utilising creative approaches and ways to present the values and benefits of the approaches to funders and university REF panels.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
URL https://cts.dmu.ac.uk/events/NSO/
 
Description Open Research with Communities 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Talk on GenViR methodology framework during open science week hosted between De Montfort University, University of Leicester, and Loughborough University to the audience of 57 scholars and researchers. Further 80 views as of 13 March 2024
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
URL https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/event/Open_Research_Week_2024_Thursday_29_February_Connectin...
 
Description Round table presentation at De Montfort University research theme launch 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Presented project objectives as evidence of good practice in interdisciplinary network building and community engagement in co-development of meaningful research activities
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022