The Aesthetic of Waste - an investigation of the creative & commercial potential of kiln cast re-cycled mineral waste.

Lead Research Organisation: University of Central Lancashire
Department Name: Sch of Art, Design and Performance

Abstract

Project Summary

The overall aims of this research are: to investigate recycled mineral based waste materials; explore how they might be combined within a thermal casting process for the development of material with unique aesthetic qualities; to examine the creative and commercial potential of the material for architects, designers, artists and craft makers.
The Research Team aims to develop materials - from predominantly re-cycled, mineral waste - that may be used for making products such as interior and exterior wall tiles/cladding, flooring, bricks, urban street furniture, sculptural objects and utilitarian wares.
The scope of the project will span the entire R&D process, from investigating sources of waste raw materials to investigating potential creative applications and opportunities for manufacturing.

The project proposal is entirely untested and speculative in nature. The research question has however grown out of existing research interests of the Research Team and market research, combined with a recognition of the importance of eco-responsible 'design-led' manufacturing.

Issues justifying the research project:

* Market research that clearly demonstrates a demand for new materials that offer architects, designers, artists, craft-makers and consumers innovative creative opportunities and solutions;

* Concern that the ever-growing desire for new materials and products is placing un-sustainable demands on the exploitation of mineral resources (this has led the Research Team to consider how, re-cycled mineral waste, might be used to replace virgin raw materials within the production of products that both add value to existing waste raw materials and have an intrinsic aesthetic beauty);

* Belief in the notion that the inherent aesthetic properties of a material may provide the focus of visual interest, i.e. what extends through the entire core of the material is seen on the surface.

The project seeks to extend the narratives of surface, form and material, thus extending the visual vocabulary and creative possibilities of eco-friendly materials. The applied research will combine quantitative, empirical material investigation with practice-led qualitative exploration of creative applications.

The core Research Team comprises of an artist/designer and materials scientist, with additional support from industrial and HEI collaborative partners. Drawing on the knowledge and research experience of both investigators, the Team believe the project provides a dynamic and exciting opportunity to bridge the often unconnected research communities of art, science and industry.

Extensive investigation by the research team has found no evidence of either existing research or products that exploit the aesthetic potential of recycled glass combined with other mineral waste materials within a hot casting process.

The speculative nature of this project is, therefore, based around the hypothesis that it should be possible to combine mineral-based waste material, with re-cycled waste glass, to form large sheets (or forms) of a unique aesthetic quality, which can:
* be applied within a variety of creative contexts;
* add value to recycled waste;
* be appropriate for industrial production with significant commercial potential.
 
Title 'Young Clay' 
Description Artworks demonstrates application of new materials made from fused recycled waste glass and ceramic 
Type Of Art Artistic/Creative Exhibition 
Year Produced 2014 
Impact Prototype sample of new material. Material demonstrates many sustainable credentials: Made from 100% recycled waste Low fusing temperature Utilises locally sourced waste Can be recycled at end of life Material has numerous architectural applications 
URL https://www.facebook.com/keramikmuseum#!/keramikmuseum/photos/pcb.749256985092004/749256471758722/?t...
 
Title SELSIUS-USM International Ceramic Festival 
Description Artwork exhibited at the SELSIUS-USM International Ceramic Festival Also invited guest artist at this event. Artwork demonstrated application of new material made from fused recycled waste glass and ceramic 
Type Of Art Artistic/Creative Exhibition 
Year Produced 2014 
Impact Prototype sample of new material. Material demonstrates many sustainable credentials: Made from 100% recycled waste Low fusing temperature Utilises locally sourced waste Can be recycled at end of life Material has numerous achitectural applications 
URL http://selsius2014.usm.my/index.php/admin/artist-list/193-david-binns-uk
 
Title The Honey and the Bee Hive 
Description The artwork 'Foel Fenlli' was shown in the exhibition 'The Honey and the Bee Hive' at Contemporary Applied Arts, London. The piece of work made for the Bee exhibition involved processes and an aesthetic properties developed through my AHRC funded research. The piece is made from almost 100% recycled waste material, offering a broader narrative about issues of sustainability and eco-responsibility. This piece is one of a series of a artworks made to test the process developed through the AHRC funded award. 
Type Of Art Artwork 
Year Produced 2010 
Impact The artwork demonstrates how processes developed within the 'Aesthetic of Waste' research project may be applied to creative art practice - offering opportunities for other artists and craft makers to exploit the process - that is made from no less than 97% recycled, low value waste. 
URL http://www.caa.org.uk/exhibitions/archive/2010/the-honey-bee-and-the-hive/david-binns/
 
Title UNESCO International Academy of Ceramics - Dublin, Ireland 
Description Artwork demonstrated application of new material made from fused recycled waste glass and ceramic 
Type Of Art Artistic/Creative Exhibition 
Year Produced 2014 
Impact Prototype sample of new material. Material demonstrates many sustainable credentials: Made from 100% recycled waste Low fusing temperature Utilises locally sourced waste Can be recycled at end of life Material has numerous architectural applications 
URL http://imgpublic.mci-group.com/ie/PCO/IAC2014_catalogue.pdf
 
Description The project facilitated the development of a new material made from low-value glass, ceramic and mineral waste.
The material's functional and aesthetic properties (durability, low porosity, ability to withstand dramatic temperature change, and availability in a variety of colours and textures), offer applications within a variety of architectural contexts, such as cladding sheets, facing bricks, tiling systems and work-surfaces.
A recent contract with high street retailer Topps Tiles Ltd, means Alusid's tiles will be the worlds first commercially available tile made from 100% recycled waste.
The material also possesses the following significant sustainable characteristics, which set it apart from other 'sustainable' materials :
• made from between 97 - 100% recycled waste;
• converts 'low value' waste into a 'high value' product;
• avoids any cementateous or toxic, synthetic polymers, common to many current 'green' composite products;
• low levels of embodied energy and carbon emission:
• requires lower firing temperatures than conventional ceramic tiles;
• utilizes locally sourced waste (avoiding excessive transportation of raw materials);
• all manufacturing waste (trimmings, sludges) can be re-introduced into the raw material input stream (Zero Waste, Closed Loop Manufacturing);
• can be recycled at end of life and re-introduced into the raw material input steam (Cradle to Cradle Design Paradigm, End of Life Manufacturing).
Exploitation Route The material and associated making processes may be used by other artists and designers for the production of artistic works. The same processes may be scaled up for high manufacturing - for the production of a wide range of architectural products, including tiling, cladding systems and surfacing. As the material is made from universally available waste streams, it provides a global opportunity for licensing or franchising.
Sectors Construction,Creative Economy,Environment,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology,Retail

URL http://www.davidbinnsceramics.co.uk/section391691.html
 
Description Thew spin out company ALUSID now has a fully operational factory, producing a range of architectural products, made from no less than 97% industrial ceramic and glass waste.The waste used to make these products would otherwise be destined for landfill. The company is now fulfilling a number of clientb orders, including projects for Nando's restaurant chain, Selfridges, Coy Restaurant (Monaco), plus numerous private clients. The company now employs 8 people. This will be used to develop a large scale manufacturing plant to manufacture high volumes of tiling, architectural cladding and surfaces. Funding of the large scale factory is estimated to cost £10 - 12 million. It is anticipated that the large scale manufacturing plant will be sited in the NW of England, producing around 40,000 sq mtrs of product per month and employing around 25 - 35 people. In December 2018 ALUSID received a further £1.34 million in private investment funding, in order to support the design, planning and building of a new factory to transform production capacity. http://otp.investis.com/clients/uk/frontier_ip_group/rns/regulatory-story.aspx?newsid=1187709&cid=2001 In January 2020 ALUSID signed a contact with Topps Tiles Ltd, to sell an exclusive range of tiles made from 100% recycled waste - Sequel. This will be the worlds first commercially available tiles, made from 100% recycled waste.
First Year Of Impact 2015
Sector Construction,Creative Economy,Energy,Environment,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology,Retail
Impact Types Cultural,Societal,Economic

 
Description Follow-on Funding for Impact and Engagement Scheme
Amount £78,528 (GBP)
Funding ID AH/L00738X/1 
Organisation Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC) 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2014 
End 12/2015
 
Description Meeting the Masters Programme - The International Ceramics Studio, Kecskemet, Hungary 2008 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact David Binns (GB) undertook a 1 month residency at the Studio in May 2008, as part of the Meeting Masters series. During the residency, he demonstrated his research into adapting clay bodies, through the addition of a variety of aggregate materials. He also made a number of new pieces of work, examples of which have been exhibited in the Kápolna Galéria in Kecskemet, the Museion No.1 Gallery in Budapest and the Museum of Applied Arts, Budapest.

Disseminating my research findings to other artists, designers, architects and academics, allowing them the opportunity to build on my investigation to date and apply my findings within their own projects - offering new processes and aesthetic properties that further broaden the aesthetic vocabulary of contemporary ceramics.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2008
URL http://www.icshu.org/archive/2008/binns2008/binns2008.html