Local and systemic immunity to pathogens
Lead Research Organisation:
THE PIRBRIGHT INSTITUTE
Department Name: UNLISTED
Abstract
Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.
Technical Summary
In recent years it has become clear that there are many more lymphocytes resident in non-lymphoid tissues than previously thought and that tissue resident cells may be crucial for protection against pathogens, but many questions remain to be resolved. For example:
1. What is the importance of local versus systemic immunity in different infections and species?
2. Does protection of a host animal also prevent transmission?
3. How a correct balance of local and systemic protective immunity best be induced and maintained in different diseases?
4. What is the role of the innate immune system and signals from pathogen associated molecular patterns in initiating protection?
5. How does the microbiota of the host influence development of systemic and local immunity?
We shall ask these questions initially in pigs using influenza virus as a model. We shall use different routes of infection and methods of immunisation to establish the hallmarks of protective local and systemic immune responses. Using different vaccine vectors, adjuvants and formulations, we shall dissect the essential innate and adaptive components of a protective response. Furthermore we shall determine whether these hallmarks are reflected in prevention of transmission. Using antibiotic treatment, diet or administration of defined commensal organisms, we shall manipulate the microbiota and define their effect on protective immune responses. The mechanisms will be further analysed in mouse transgenic or homologous recombinant (knockout) models.
These studies will help us understand the role of local and systemic immunity in protection against pathogens and to identify in which circumstances it will be essential to recruit local immunity to achieve successful protective immunity by vaccination
1. What is the importance of local versus systemic immunity in different infections and species?
2. Does protection of a host animal also prevent transmission?
3. How a correct balance of local and systemic protective immunity best be induced and maintained in different diseases?
4. What is the role of the innate immune system and signals from pathogen associated molecular patterns in initiating protection?
5. How does the microbiota of the host influence development of systemic and local immunity?
We shall ask these questions initially in pigs using influenza virus as a model. We shall use different routes of infection and methods of immunisation to establish the hallmarks of protective local and systemic immune responses. Using different vaccine vectors, adjuvants and formulations, we shall dissect the essential innate and adaptive components of a protective response. Furthermore we shall determine whether these hallmarks are reflected in prevention of transmission. Using antibiotic treatment, diet or administration of defined commensal organisms, we shall manipulate the microbiota and define their effect on protective immune responses. The mechanisms will be further analysed in mouse transgenic or homologous recombinant (knockout) models.
These studies will help us understand the role of local and systemic immunity in protection against pathogens and to identify in which circumstances it will be essential to recruit local immunity to achieve successful protective immunity by vaccination
Planned Impact
unavailable
Organisations
- THE PIRBRIGHT INSTITUTE (Lead Research Organisation)
- Government of Thailand (Collaboration)
- Aerogen (Collaboration)
- Humabs Biomed SA (Collaboration)
- BABRAHAM INSTITUTE (Collaboration)
- University of Oxford (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF SURREY (Collaboration)
- University Hospital Erlangen (Collaboration)
- Cardiff University (Collaboration)
People |
ORCID iD |
| Elma Tchilian (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Baratelli M
(2020)
Identification of a Newly Conserved SLA-II Epitope in a Structural Protein of Swine Influenza Virus
in Frontiers in Immunology
Beverley P
(2014)
A Novel Murine Cytomegalovirus Vaccine Vector Protects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
in The Journal of Immunology
Edmans M
(2020)
Magnitude and Kinetics of T Cell and Antibody Responses During H1N1pdm09 Infection in Inbred Babraham Pigs and Outbred Pigs.
in Frontiers in immunology
Everett HE
(2021)
Vaccines That Reduce Viral Shedding Do Not Prevent Transmission of H1N1 Pandemic 2009 Swine Influenza A Virus Infection to Unvaccinated Pigs.
in Journal of virology
Hemmink JD
(2016)
Distinct immune responses and virus shedding in pigs following aerosol, intra-nasal and contact infection with pandemic swine influenza A virus, A(H1N1)09.
in Veterinary research
Holzer B
(2019)
Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of Seasonal Human Live Attenuated Cold-Adapted Influenza Virus Vaccine in Pigs.
in Frontiers in immunology
Holzer B
(2018)
Comparison of Heterosubtypic Protection in Ferrets and Pigs Induced by a Single-Cycle Influenza Vaccine.
in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
Holzer B
(2019)
T and B Cell Immune Responses to Influenza Viruses in Pigs.
in Frontiers in immunology
| Description | 1. Established Swine Influenza (SI) challenge model which best mimics natural in contact infection. 2. Defined methods to target the upper and lower respiratory tract in pigs. 2. Showed that pulmonary delivery of a candidate universal influenza vaccine, S-Flu, reduces viral shedding in pigs after SI challenge. 3. Established the presence of mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAIT) in pigs. 4. For the first time defined lung tissue resident memory cells (TRM) in pigs. 5. Tested therapeutic use of broadly neutralizing cross reactive antibodies in pig influenza model 6. Demonstrated that administration of the immunosuppressive agent FTY720 prevents egress of cells from lymph nodes, which will allow us to study the role of local immunity in protection. 7. Defined the specificity and kinetic of the T and B cell immune response in Babraham pigs after influenza infection and immunisation. 8. Showed that cell transfer in Babraham pigs is possible and that transferred cells can be detected in different lymphoid tissues. This w0ill allow testing of protective efficacy of T cells in large animals. 9. Demonstrated the utility of the pig influenza model in testing the protective efficacy of human therapeutic antibodies; showed that prophylactic administration of human 2-12c antibody significantly reduced pathology and viral load. 10. Showed that mucosally associated invariant T cells (MAITs) cells in pigs are a much smaller population compared to humans and mice. Identified MAITs in cattle using tetramers. |
| Exploitation Route | Aerosol delivery of the candidate universal Influenza vaccine S-FLU will increase efficacy and cross protection against different influenza strains in pigs. This would help obtain new knowledge on aerosol delivery transferable to other large animals. It would also establish the pig as a model for human disease and aerosol delivery. |
| Sectors | Agriculture Food and Drink Healthcare |
| Description | Swine influenza viruses cause disease resulting in economic loss to global pig production. In addition, swine influenza viruses can spread to humans and may cause influenza pandemics. Unfortunately the vaccines currently available to control influenza infections in pigs and people are not very effective, and new immunisation strategies are required. Recently it has become clear that giving a vaccine directly into the lungs is much more effective against respiratory tract infections, because it induces white cells, called tissue resident memory T cells (TRM), which remain in the lung and rapidly fight lung infection. For the first time we are able to isolate Tissue resident memory cells, from the lungs of pigs. We are now able to determine the best way to deliver vaccines to make these Tissue resident memory, what they do and for how long they last. Our work will establish how best to induce and maintain lung TRM, and help us make more effective vaccines against influenza and other respiratory diseases in both livestock and humans. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2017 |
| Sector | Agriculture, Food and Drink,Healthcare |
| Impact Types | Economic |
| Description | Ad hoc member of BBSRC grant committee A |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Description | Deputy Chair of BBSRC grant Committee A |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Membership of a guideline committee |
| Impact | As chair of the committee I influence the decision on grant funding which have effect on animal and human health and food security |
| Description | Member of the British Society for Immunology Forum |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | The BSI is very active in lobbying MPs and Government on subjects to do with clinical immunology and immunisations. |
| URL | https://www.immunology.org/ |
| Description | Active and passive Immunity induced by aerosols |
| Amount | £100,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/R506448/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2017 |
| End | 08/2021 |
| Description | Application of AI to profile the nasal and faecal microbiota of pigs following respiratory virus challenge |
| Amount | £16,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 05/2023 |
| End | 07/2024 |
| Description | BBSRC IAA |
| Amount | £25,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/S506680/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2021 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Description | BBSRC IAA' |
| Amount | £30,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/S506680/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 07/2019 |
| End | 04/2020 |
| Description | BBSRC in year funding for Covid-19 research |
| Amount | £50,024 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/W510725/1 |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2021 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Description | Bill Mellinda Gates Foundation |
| Amount | $385,144 (USD) |
| Organisation | Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 09/2016 |
| End | 04/2017 |
| Description | Blood Markers for prediction of respiratory virus infection |
| Amount | £21,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 05/2023 |
| End | 07/2024 |
| Description | Determining the contribution to protection of two influenza antigens |
| Amount | $278,327 (USD) |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2023 |
| End | 10/2023 |
| Description | Development of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for coronaviruses |
| Amount | £120,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2022 |
| End | 09/2026 |
| Description | Efficacy of mRNA expressed antibodies against influenza |
| Amount | £2,000,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 07/2021 |
| End | 08/2022 |
| Description | Evaluation of DNA encoded monoclonal antibodies in the pig model |
| Amount | £135,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Touchlight Genetics Ltd |
| Sector | Private |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 02/2023 |
| End | 09/2024 |
| Description | How does the lung protect itself against influenza? |
| Amount | £120,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 06/2022 |
| End | 07/2026 |
| Description | Identification and evaluation of swine mAbs in pig influenza challenge model |
| Amount | $599,944 (USD) |
| Funding ID | OPP1201470 |
| Organisation | Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| Country | United States |
| Start | 09/2018 |
| End | 10/2019 |
| Description | PRCV model to better understand immunity to SARS-CoV2 |
| Amount | £50,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2021 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Description | Pathogenesis, immunity, and control of coronaviruses in a large natural host animal, the pig |
| Amount | £893,800 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | BB/X014266/1 |
| Organisation | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 09/2023 |
| End | 09/2026 |
| Description | Turnover of porcine lung tissue resident memory cells |
| Amount | £25,000 (GBP) |
| Organisation | The Pirbright Institute |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 08/2021 |
| End | 03/2022 |
| Title | Development of tetramers to study immune responses in pigs |
| Description | The pig is a natural and important host of influenza viruses and is physiologically more comparable to humans than other animal models in terms of size, respiratory tract biology and volume. It is also an important vector in the birds to human infection cycle. A major drawback of the current pig model is the inability to analyze antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell responses, which are critical to respiratory immunity. We addressed this knowledge gap using an established in-bred pig model with a high degree of genetic identity between individuals, including the MHC (Swine Leukocyte Antigen (SLA)) locus. We developed a toolset that included long-term in vitro pig T-cell culture and cloning and identification of novel immunodominant influenza-derived T-cell epitopes. We also generated structures of the two SLA class I molecules found in these animals presenting the immunodominant epitopes. These structures allowed definition of the primary anchor points for epitopes in the SLA binding groove and established SLA binding motifs that were used to successfully predict other influenza-derived peptide sequences capable of stimulating T-cells. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2017 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | Peptide-SLA tetramers were constructed and used to track influenza-specific T-cells ex vivo in blood, the lungs and draining lymph nodes. Aerosol immunization with attenuated single cycle influenza viruses (S-FLU) induced large numbers of CD8+ T-cells specific for conserved NP peptides in the respiratory tract. Collectively, these data substantially increase the utility of pigs as an effective model for studying protective local cellular immunity against respiratory pathogens. |
| Title | Scintigraphy of the respiratory tract in pigs |
| Description | We have used in vivo scintigraphy in pigs to characterize the distribution of large and small droplets, delivered to the respiratory tract using nebulisers or a mucosal atomisation device. |
| Type Of Material | Model of mechanisms or symptoms - mammalian in vivo |
| Year Produced | 2020 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | Scintigraphy and the tools we have developed to analyse the specificity and function of tissue resident memory cells will allow the effects of localised distribution of antigen in the respiratory tract to be studied and established the pig as a useful model for investigating optimal targeting of vaccines for respiratory disease. |
| Title | method for identification of lung Tissue resident memory cells in pigs |
| Description | Recent overwhelming evidence indicates the importance of local tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) in protective immunity. Most work on TRM has been performed in mice and the TRM defined as inaccessible to intravenously administered anti-T cell antibody. However there are very few data on TRM in large animals. For the first time we have defined TRM in the pig influenza model. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2018 |
| Provided To Others? | No |
| Impact | The identification of TRM and their robust protective capacity in site-specific infection has provided a new paradigm by which to assess T cell-mediated responses and an important new target for vaccine design. Since swine are an economically important species, are used as a large animal model for human infection and play a key role in the emergence of novel and potentially zoonotic influenza viruses, the identification of TRM in pigs will allow us to study their role in immunity to swine influenza.and how best to induce them by immunisation. |
| Title | scRNA seq analysis of porcine BAL |
| Description | We describe for the first time scRNA-seq analysis of porcine bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), a cell source increasingly used to analyse respiratory immune responses, and which has been shown to be major correlate for protection against respiratory infections such as influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and SARS-CoV-2. Our work reveals both similar and unique cell subsets and divergent transcriptome profiles of BAL immune cells compared to publicly available data from blood cells. |
| Type Of Material | Technology assay or reagent |
| Year Produced | 2024 |
| Provided To Others? | Yes |
| Impact | The data we have generated will provide an atlas for future pig BAL scRNA-seq studies. |
| Description | Aerosol delivery of vaccines and therapeutics |
| Organisation | Aerogen |
| Country | Ireland |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Developed the pig influenza model which is a natural host pathogen system |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provided expertise and equipment for aerosol delivery |
| Impact | Successfully delivered vaccines by aerosol |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | Assessment of the effect of IL-1beta on the induction of protective mucosal immunity to influenza |
| Organisation | University Hospital Erlangen |
| Country | Germany |
| Sector | Hospitals |
| PI Contribution | We have provided the pig influenza model and the tools we have developed to test local mucosal immunity and protection against heterologous viruses. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The team of Professor Tenbusch provided the Adeno viral vectored constructs expressing Il-1beta and the influenza hemagglutinin and nucleoprotein. |
| Impact | We have shown that IL-1B increased the mucosal antibody responses. |
| Start Year | 2021 |
| Description | Collaboration with the Babraham Institute on scRNA seq analysis |
| Organisation | Babraham Institute |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We charscterised in depth the local and systemic immune responses following infleunza infection or immunisation in the pig influenza model |
| Collaborator Contribution | Arianne Richards from the Babraham Institute will perform scRNA seq analysis on samples from infection and immunisation influenza studies. |
| Impact | No outputs yet |
| Start Year | 2022 |
| Description | Development of tetramers in the Babraham pig model |
| Organisation | Cardiff University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Developed the aerosol delivery method of vaccine and provided material (spleen, BAL and blood) from inbred animals (Babraham pigs) following immunisation with the candidate universal vaccine, S-FLU. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Developed porcine influenza specific class I tetramers and provided the epitope map of Babrahams S-Flu responses to NP, M1, M2, PB1 and PB2 that could be presented by SLA-1 or SLA-2 Grew pig T cell clones for the first time in 30 years. |
| Impact | Multidisciplinary - immunology, virology, protein chemistry. Paper not yet published |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Efficacy of a candidate universal influenza vaccine, S-FLU. |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Department | Radcliffe Department of Medicine |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Tested the immunogenicity and efficacy of a candidate universal influenza vaccine, S-FLU, in pigs. For the first time we demonstrated that S-FLU when administered by aerosol can reduce viral load in nasal swabs and lung in pigs after influenza virus challenge. We have shown that the most efficient way to administer this vaccine is by aerosol. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Professor Alain Townsend has developed the S-FLU vaccine. |
| Impact | The most efficient way to induce immune response in the lung is after aerosol delivery of LAIV vaccines in pigs. The most efficient way to induce cross-protective immunity is by aerosol delivery of S-FLU to the lungs of pigs |
| Start Year | 2014 |
| Description | Mucosally Associated Invariant T cells (MAIT) in pig influenza model |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Identified MAIT cells in pig Influenza model. Provide samples from infected and immunised protected animals |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provide expertise in characterising MAIT: development of tetramer; Zell scanner technology allowing high resolution studies of cell phenotype and functions |
| Impact | Joint PhD studentship with Paul Klenerman, University of Oxford |
| Start Year | 2016 |
| Description | PRRS and Influenza co-nfection studies |
| Organisation | Government of Thailand |
| Department | National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) |
| Country | Thailand |
| Sector | Public |
| PI Contribution | The Pirbright team of 4 scientists with expertise in immunology and animal care visited Thailand in July 2018 to train Thai colleagues to perform animal experiments (Chiang Mai) and analyse immune responses by ELISPOT and Flow cytometry (Bangkok). This provided Thailand with trained personnel and expertise in testing vaccines in pigs. As a result of the joint work, the Chiang Mai animal facility is currently being renovated. Development of such an animal facility will promote the production and testing of more vaccines by Thai scientists. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our Thai colleagues provided us with local Thai PRRS and Influenza virus strains which we use in our co-infection studies. |
| Impact | None yet |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Pre-exposure influenza model and effect of routes of immunization on vaccine efficacy |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Department | Nuffield Department of Medicine |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We have developed the pre-exposure swine influenza model, the expertise to target different parts of the respiratory tract and the tools to assess the local and systemic immune responses. |
| Collaborator Contribution | The team of Professor Sarah Gilbert provided the viral vectored vaccines expressing influenza nucleoprotein, matrix protein and neuraminidase. |
| Impact | We have established a pre-exposure influenza pig challenge model, which closely mimics the situation in humans, who are commonly exposed to different influenza viruses. We showed that ChAdOx NP-M1-NA induces immune response in the face of pre-existing immunity , which is highly relevant to the situation in pigs and human where many vaccinees are pre-exposed to respiratory infections. |
| Start Year | 2019 |
| Description | T folicullar helper cells in the pig influenza model |
| Organisation | University of Oxford |
| Department | Nuffield Department of Medicine |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Provide material from influenza infected/vaccinated protected and unprotected animals. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Seph Borrow from Oxford University provide antibodies and advice as to how to identify and charcterise the TFH cells. |
| Impact | Not yet |
| Start Year | 2018 |
| Description | Test of broadly neutralising antibodies in pig influenza model |
| Organisation | Humabs Biomed SA |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Sector | Private |
| PI Contribution | Tested the therapeutic use of broadly neutralizing antibodies in pig influenza model |
| Collaborator Contribution | Provided the antibodies |
| Impact | Manuscript published |
| Start Year | 2015 |
| Description | The effect of the microbiota on immunity to swine infleunza |
| Organisation | University of Surrey |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | We wish to establish the gut and nasal microbiome in normal healthy pigs and how this is affected by influenza infection. We have collected gut samples from pigs at different stages of infection, as well as nasal swabs which we will provide to our collaborators in Surrey. |
| Collaborator Contribution | Our collaborators in Surrey will perform the sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to determine the microbial communities present in the samples. |
| Impact | No outcomes yet - we are in the process of analysing the samples. |
| Start Year | 2017 |
| Description | BSI congress 2021 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Chaired a session on coinfection sponsored by the BBSRC. Took part in a debate on the future of veterinary immunology |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | BSI report on the future of veterinary immunology and vaccinology |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Organised and published a joint IVVN/BSI report to raise awareness of the UK's research status in veterinary vaccinology and immunology and the importance of maintaining this for the R&D landscape 'Securing Our Future: the value of veterinary vaccines'. This was aimed at influencing policymakers to support and commit to maintaining the UK's leading position. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | FLU Fighters at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition 2015 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | FLU Fighters stand at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition 2015. Explained to the general public the threat of Influenza, how we can detect and prevent influenza infection and our research to develop a universal Influenza vaccine. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | Hills Road College, Cambridge 2015 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Talk on Zoonoses and how influenza can be transmitted from birds or pigs to humans. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | Invited speaker at Imperial College |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Gave a talk on our recent research in swine influenza. Discussions with PIs at Imperial after the talk. Established collaborations. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| Description | Invited speaker at St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Gave presentation on our pig influenza model to colleagues at Imperial College. Established collaboration to evaluate LAIV in pigs and humans. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| Description | Invited speaker, Influenza meeting, the Netherlands, June 2016 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Meeting on assessing animal models for influenza research |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Invited speaker, Vienna Veterinary School |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Gave a guest lecture at the Veterinary school in Vienna. There were a lot of questions and discussion after the talk. As a result established collaboration with Gerner Wilhelm's group. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2019 |
| URL | https://www.vetmeduni.ac.at/de/graduate-school-pig-and-poultry-medicine/ |
| Description | Invited to give a seminar at the Clinical and Molecular Virology Institute, Erlangen |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | I was invited by Professor Tenbusch to give a talk on our work on porcine tissue resident memory cells. We have established a very productive collaboration, applied for and were awarded joint funding and his PhD student has come to a working visit to our Institute. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Laboratory Science Animal association (LASA) meeting in Birmingham, Invited speaker |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Gave a presentation on the tools we have developed to study swine influenza |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2018 |
| URL | http://www.lasa.co.uk/meetings/ |
| Description | Member of BBSRC sLoLa grants committee |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Member of sLoLa Committee to shortlist outline applications and review/assess application at the full stage of submission. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Member of a BBSRC expert group on the use of animal models in research |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Reviewed the key findings of the survey and identify key trends and emerging opportunities. Reviewed the proposed recommendations, discuss the challenges and barriers surrounding the use of models, and suggest how UKRI-BBSRC can help overcome these. Identified key stakeholders that UKRI-BBSRC could partner with to act on recommendations and how the report should be disseminated. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Organised IVVN/BSI meting on T cell biology |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Organised virtual T cell meeting: invited 8 speakers, opened the meeting, chaired session and closed the meeting. Highly successful meeting with 170 delegates from 28 countries and excellent feedback on scientific content, engagement and organisation. Brought together immunologists from the mouse, human and veterinary filed, facilitate exchange of ideas and new collaborations. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | http://www.immunology.org/frontiers-in-comparative-immunology-series-t-cell-biology-virtual-conferen... |
| Description | Plenary talk at 7th European Vet workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Invited to give a plenary talk on mucosal immunity at the 7th European Vet workshop. This updated the audience on the latest developments in targeting immunization to different regions and assessing immune responses. Several colleagues contacted me to conduce join stuies and established further collaborations |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition London 6-10 July 2022 |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Schools |
| Results and Impact | Stand Disease Detectives at the Royal Society Summer Science Exhibition London 6-10 July 2022. Explained how an outbreak of infection could be detected and control it |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016,2018,2022 |
| Description | Summer School at Greifswald |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Gave a talk about the use of the pig as a model to study influenza and other respiratory diseases. Discussion about the utility of the model and what lessons should be learned from the Covid pandemice |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | Talk at Large animal research network (LARN) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Gave a talk on the tools we have developed to target different parts of the respiratory tract and how to analyse local immune responses. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Talk at meetings on anti-microbials at ITRA, Caldes de Montbui. Spain, Barcelona |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Debate on how to prevent the use of antimicrobials by most effective immunization strategies. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |