Development of new injectable, PolyGeneCaP composites for gene therapy
Lead Research Organisation:
University College London
Department Name: Eastman Dental Institute
Abstract
The aim of gene therapy is to treat patients who are born with inherited diseases by providing a normal gene to repair or replace the damaged or missing gene. Potential applications of gene therapy include well-known diseases such as haemophilia, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, some types of cancer and many other disorders where the defective genes are now being identified. Current procedures for the introduction of healthy genes into the cells of affected patients have relied primarily on the use of virus-derived 'carriers', but there is growing concern that these agents are not yet well enough understood and have the potential to be dangerous, even fatal. Unfortunately, alternative synthetic gene-delivery systems have thus far been inefficient and have had only very limited success. In this project we are proposing to develop a non-viral delivery system that has a specific healthy gene entrapped within a safe chemical particle. We plan to use a new method to convert these into very small 'nanoparticles' (called GeneCaP) that fully surround the gene and therefore protect it from breakdown and also enable it to get more readily into the patient's cells. To increase further the efficiency of gene entry, which has been one of the major problems in gene therapy, we will place the GeneCaP into a novel liquid (PolyGeneCaP) which can be injected. This will be designed so that it will rapidly solidify very close to the diseased organ and then degrade slowly, releasing the encased GeneCaP adjacent to the cell where the gene is needed to function. The 'model' disease which will be used in this proposal is called Sly Disease (Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII), one of a large group of lysosomal gene defects which result in progressive mental and physical disability and are usually fatal at an early age. Illness occurs because the defective gene is unable to produce a particular lysosomal protein, which when restored in the presence of the healthy gene alleviates the disease. In this study we will, for the first time, measure and carefully correlate the properties of the DNA-containing particles and the ability of these new 'gene-drugs' to help correct the MPS VII disease, in order to be able to develop the optimal treatment strategies for a range of genetic diseases.
Publications
Abou Neel E
(2012)
Viscoelastic and biological performance of low-modulus, reactive calcium phosphate-filled, degradable, polymeric bone adhesives
in Acta Biomaterialia
Abou Neel EA
(2010)
Chemical, modulus and cell attachment studies of reactive calcium phosphate filler-containing fast photo-curing, surface-degrading, polymeric bone adhesives.
in Acta biomaterialia
Gellynck K
(2011)
Cell attachment and response to photocured, degradable bone adhesives containing tricalcium phosphate and purmorphamine.
in Acta biomaterialia
Young AM
(2009)
Chemical characterization of a degradable polymeric bone adhesive containing hydrolysable fillers and interpretation of anomalous mechanical properties.
in Acta biomaterialia
Zhao X
(2010)
Reactive calcium-phosphate-containing poly(ester-co-ether) methacrylate bone adhesives: Chemical, mechanical and biological considerations
in Acta Biomaterialia
Description | A range of degradable injectable polymeric adhesives were synthesized and their ability to set rapidly at body temperature upon blue light exposure proven. Upon placement of the set materials in water, degradation was shown to occur at rates that could be controlled by varying the adhesive chemistry. Combination of these adhesives with reactive calcium phosphates was shown to reduce the acidity of the degrading polymers and enhance compatibility with human cells. A model gene was included in the fluid adhesive and subsequently released from the set material over a period of several weeks. By additional inclusion of agents that promote uptake of the gene a material capable of transfecting cells over a prolonged period was obtained. These findings demonstrate the potential of the new materials for gene therapy. |
Exploitation Route | The materials developed have potential for application in a wide range of controlled drug delivery applications. Previous work has focused upon release of small drug molecules but this study demonstrates their suitability for controlled release of larger biological species. The new materials are covered by a recently granted patent |
Sectors | Healthcare |
Description | Increased understanding of drug release mechanisms from solid materials has been developed further in recent studies to provide dental composites that provide release of antibacterial agents. This had lead to a new patent being filed on release of large polymeric antibacterial agents from crosslinked methacrylate based composites. Dental materials using the principles are now under commercial evaluation. These could reduce increasing problems and concerns associated with antibacterial resistance and antibiotic use in dentistry. |
First Year Of Impact | 2012 |
Sector | Healthcare |
Impact Types | Economic |
Description | EPSRC |
Amount | £261,751 (GBP) |
Funding ID | EP/F019866/1 |
Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 04/2008 |
End | 09/2010 |
Description | Healthcare partnership |
Amount | £535,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | EP/I022341/1 |
Organisation | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 04/2011 |
End | 09/2014 |
Description | MRC - Regional Centre London |
Amount | £99,285 (GBP) |
Funding ID | G0701855 |
Organisation | Medical Research Council (MRC) |
Department | MRC Regional Centre London |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start |
Description | Ozics group |
Amount | £80,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | Ozics |
Organisation | Ozics |
Sector | Private |
Country | Finland |
Start | 10/2009 |
End | 10/2012 |
Description | i4i |
Amount | £980,000 (GBP) |
Funding ID | II-LA-0214-20002 |
Organisation | National Institute for Health Research |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 03/2015 |
End | 03/2018 |
Description | Development of novel bone cements |
Organisation | Ozics |
Country | Finland |
Sector | Private |
PI Contribution | We advised Ozics on how to make and then analysed a new injectable cement produced by a commercial manufacturer (Sci Pharm) for vertebroplasty |
Collaborator Contribution | patent costs and suport of a studentship |
Impact | Funding obtained to develop a new bone cement. Ozics funded a PhD student that helped in the characterisation of their new product Comp06. These studies involved assesment of setting chemistry, mechanical properties and in vivo work. - see http://www.prlog.org/11712867-swiss-ozics-group-announces-ce-mark-for-the-compo6-tm-bone-reinforcement-composite.html |
Start Year | 2009 |
Title | FORMULATIONS AND COMPOSITES WITH REACTIVE FILLERS |
Description | The invention provides composite materials prepared by i) providing a fluid formulation comprising (1) at least one compound capable of polymerisation and/or cross-linking and (2) a water-consuming reactive filler; ii) optionally injecting said formulation into a site of use; iii) polymerising and/or cross-linking said compound, to form a solid polymer matrix (which may be degradable or non-degradable); iv) causing or allowing said filler to react with water absorbed by said polymer matrix, to produce a solid filler material which is dispersed throughout the composite material. The hydration and formation of the solid filler in situ provides desirable properties to the composites, which have utility for dental composites, bone fillers and adhesives and so on. The composite may also be used to release an active ingredient e.g. an antibacterial or DNA. |
IP Reference | WO2008037991 |
Protection | Patent / Patent application |
Year Protection Granted | 2008 |
Licensed | Yes |
Impact | A composite protected by this patent has been developed for minimally invasive tooth restoration. Its benefits have been proven in a first in man clinical trial. A Phase II efficacy clinical trial is now underway. |
Title | Bone cement |
Description | A new bone cement for vertebroplasty (fixation of osteoporotic vertebra) |
Type | Therapeutic Intervention - Medical Devices |
Current Stage Of Development | Market authorisation |
Year Development Stage Completed | 2011 |
Development Status | Under active development/distribution |
Impact | This product is being sold by a new company |
URL | http://www.ozics.com |
Title | periodontal membrane |
Description | Guided tissue regeneration membranes are used to hold back soft tissue and allow bone to regenerate. |
Type | Therapeutic Intervention - Cellular and gene therapies |
Current Stage Of Development | Initial development |
Year Development Stage Completed | 2009 |
Development Status | On hold |
Impact | The new materials in addition to the above function provide calcium and phosphate release as well as a small drug that can promote bone repair |