Cellular Agriculture Manufacturing Hub
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Bath
Department Name: Chemical Engineering
Abstract
Imagine being able to manufacture food anywhere in the world, or even in space, so everyone, everywhere, has enough nutritious food to eat!
This dream can be achieved through Cellular Agriculture (Cell Ag). Cell Ag enables the production of food products that would normally come from an animal, such as meat and milk from cows, or from monocultures of crops such as oil palm trees, without having to keep increasing animal or plant numbers to feed our growing global population.
Cell Ag, uses biological cell-level processes to create food via the 'building blocks of life' - the proteins, fats and carbohydrates. By delivering these building blocks, Cell Ag will transform food production by complementing traditional food production, so not only can we feed the world, but we can manufacture the food so that sustainability and social responsibility is embedded from the outset.
Why would we wish to use Cell Ag rather than animals? Let's take the example of the building block, protein, from traditional meat. Life Cycle Assessments have shown that when comparing traditional meat manufacturing against the expected benefits of using Cell Ag, there is a predicted reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, and land use, of up to 95%. The analysis also estimates that we could achieve up to 50% reduction in the use of water, compared to cattle farming. And we could reduce need for intensive farming so improving animal welfare too. So, with these benefits and the urgent need to achieve Net Zero Manufacturing and protect the planets resources.
Why do we not have Cell Ag manufacturing in our homes or across all our food manufacturing sectors? There are several reasons - and our research will remove these blockers to Cell Ag manufacturing.
Current status of Cell Ag Manufacturing research and outputs in the UK:
In the UK (and across the World), there are pockets of excellent research being done, but little that focuses on delivering useable and scalable manufacturing machinery, processes, and systems in a coherent manner. The research tends to be in silos and focussed on aspects of the Manufacturing Value Chain. There are fundamental areas of research that need to be delivered to enable us to realise the Cell Ag potential, as well as transforming current research outputs to be useable.
Through this Hub we will bring together the pockets of excellence in the UK, and deliver a coherent and targeted research programme that will ensure the UK Cell Ag research ecosystem is world-leading and has manufacturing impact. Rather than target a particular sector/type of food/product - the Hub will deliver manufacturing research which will enable production of food building blocks at local, regional and international levels.
Our vision is to be the world leader in delivering materials, manufacturing processes and skills to escalate the world's adoption of sustainable Cell Ag food production. We will achieve this through becoming the net exporter of the building blocks of life.
This dream can be achieved through Cellular Agriculture (Cell Ag). Cell Ag enables the production of food products that would normally come from an animal, such as meat and milk from cows, or from monocultures of crops such as oil palm trees, without having to keep increasing animal or plant numbers to feed our growing global population.
Cell Ag, uses biological cell-level processes to create food via the 'building blocks of life' - the proteins, fats and carbohydrates. By delivering these building blocks, Cell Ag will transform food production by complementing traditional food production, so not only can we feed the world, but we can manufacture the food so that sustainability and social responsibility is embedded from the outset.
Why would we wish to use Cell Ag rather than animals? Let's take the example of the building block, protein, from traditional meat. Life Cycle Assessments have shown that when comparing traditional meat manufacturing against the expected benefits of using Cell Ag, there is a predicted reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, and land use, of up to 95%. The analysis also estimates that we could achieve up to 50% reduction in the use of water, compared to cattle farming. And we could reduce need for intensive farming so improving animal welfare too. So, with these benefits and the urgent need to achieve Net Zero Manufacturing and protect the planets resources.
Why do we not have Cell Ag manufacturing in our homes or across all our food manufacturing sectors? There are several reasons - and our research will remove these blockers to Cell Ag manufacturing.
Current status of Cell Ag Manufacturing research and outputs in the UK:
In the UK (and across the World), there are pockets of excellent research being done, but little that focuses on delivering useable and scalable manufacturing machinery, processes, and systems in a coherent manner. The research tends to be in silos and focussed on aspects of the Manufacturing Value Chain. There are fundamental areas of research that need to be delivered to enable us to realise the Cell Ag potential, as well as transforming current research outputs to be useable.
Through this Hub we will bring together the pockets of excellence in the UK, and deliver a coherent and targeted research programme that will ensure the UK Cell Ag research ecosystem is world-leading and has manufacturing impact. Rather than target a particular sector/type of food/product - the Hub will deliver manufacturing research which will enable production of food building blocks at local, regional and international levels.
Our vision is to be the world leader in delivering materials, manufacturing processes and skills to escalate the world's adoption of sustainable Cell Ag food production. We will achieve this through becoming the net exporter of the building blocks of life.
Organisations
- University of Bath (Lead Research Organisation)
- Royal Agricultural University (RAU) (Collaboration)
- University College London (Collaboration)
- Aberystwyth University (Collaboration)
- UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM (Collaboration)
- University of Bristol (Collaboration)
- Quest Meat (Project Partner)
- Qkine (Project Partner)
- MilliporeSigma (Project Partner)
- Ivy Farm Technologies (Project Partner)
- Clean Food Group (Project Partner)
- Multus Biotechnology Limited (Project Partner)
- 3D Bio-Tissues Ltd (Project Partner)
- Veolia Water Technologies (Project Partner)
- HOXTON FARMS LTD (Project Partner)
- Naturbeads Ltd (Project Partner)
- Cellular Agriculture Ltd (Project Partner)
- Roslin Technologies (Project Partner)
- Campden BRI (United Kingdom) (Project Partner)
| Description | FSA sandbox programme |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| URL | https://www.food.gov.uk/news-alerts/news/groundbreaking-sandbox-programme-for-cell-cultivated-produc... |
| Description | CARMA Collaboration Agreement |
| Organisation | Aberystwyth University |
| Department | Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Project management and co-ordination Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Collaborator Contribution | Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Impact | First annual CARMA conference 2024 This collaboration is multidisciplinary and includes contributions from chemical and mechanical engineering, management and social science. |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | CARMA Collaboration Agreement |
| Organisation | Royal Agricultural University (RAU) |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Project management and co-ordination Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Collaborator Contribution | Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Impact | First annual CARMA conference 2024 This collaboration is multidisciplinary and includes contributions from chemical and mechanical engineering, management and social science. |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | CARMA Collaboration Agreement |
| Organisation | University College London |
| Department | Biochemical Engineering |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Project management and co-ordination Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Collaborator Contribution | Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Impact | First annual CARMA conference 2024 This collaboration is multidisciplinary and includes contributions from chemical and mechanical engineering, management and social science. |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | CARMA Collaboration Agreement |
| Organisation | University of Birmingham |
| Department | School of Social Policy |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Project management and co-ordination Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Collaborator Contribution | Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Impact | First annual CARMA conference 2024 This collaboration is multidisciplinary and includes contributions from chemical and mechanical engineering, management and social science. |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | CARMA Collaboration Agreement |
| Organisation | University of Bristol |
| Department | School of Economics, Finance and Management |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| PI Contribution | Project management and co-ordination Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Collaborator Contribution | Design of manufacturing bioreactor technologies for high yield at scale Product purification and waste valorisation for the circular Cellular Agriculture bioeconomy Create sustainable feedstocks with a robust supply chain for Tissue Engineering Cellular Agriculture Designing a Sustainable, Scalable and Secure Future for Cellular Agriculture Supply Chains Understanding and Influencing the Social Issues of Cellular Agriculture Engaging publics and policy |
| Impact | First annual CARMA conference 2024 This collaboration is multidisciplinary and includes contributions from chemical and mechanical engineering, management and social science. |
| Start Year | 2023 |
| Description | BBC Radio 4 interview |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Marianne was asked to join the final programme in a big new Radio 4 series about global food production systems hosted by Chris van Tulleken. We're taking a long look at where it comes from, how it's grown, how it arrives on our plates and why so much of this process remains hidden from the consumer. In this final episode the researchers were looking at alternatives to chicken (and meat, generally), and want to cover alternative proteins from plant sources, and cultured meat too. The questions asked included questions on the process and explanation of the science and information on the wider industry and recent innovations, and scalability and the future. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| URL | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001tgkz |
| Description | Bezos/NAPIC/CARMA collaboration and MoU |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | In November 2024 National Alternative Protein Innovation Centre (NAPIC) and Bezos Centre for Sustainable Protein and CARMA signed a Memorandum of Understanding, to collaborate and work together where possible initially with a focus on training and education projects for the next generation of researchers. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| URL | https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/alternative-protein-centres-join-forces-memorandum-understanding-iont... |
| Description | Biofutures workshop |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Professor Marianne Ellis was a lead on the Education, Facilities and Support Programs Pillars, conducting detailed interviews with key biotech actors globally and providing content and editing the reports. Marianne and her team also produced a detailed analysis report of the current education opportunities for biotech, and where the gaps are. The EU Food Biofutures project will provide recommendations and initiatives to secure Europe leadership in deep food biotech. The reports will be published April 2025. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023,2024 |
| URL | https://www.eitfood.eu/projects/eu-food-biofutures |
| Description | FSA engagement |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Multiple meetings with FSA throughout 2024, in April Marianne spoke with Josh Ravenhill reference regulation, which fed into CARMA being included in the FSA cell cultivated products regulatory sandbox 2-year programme launching in March 2025, we have a cohort team participating led by Dr Ruth Wonfor (Aberystwyth) and Dr Petra Hanga (UCL) and including Dr Neil Stephens (Birmingham), Dr Atenchong Nkobou (RAU) and Dr Lewis McDonald (Bath). Petra and Ruth attended an FSA cell banking workshop in February 2025 and both also engaged, along with CARMA project manager Dr Fiona Carter, with the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) CCP open session also in February 2025 in the lead up to the launch of the sandbox on 10th March 2025. Marianne joined the FSA annual retreat 2 day event in December 2024. In February 2025 Marianne is hosting Robin May, CSA at FSA (and on the CARMA Advisory Board) at the University of Bath. Robin is doing filming to launch their sandbox programme and also for internal training material on precision fermentation. We have arranged for Robin to meet with CARMA PhD students, post doc researchers and technicians to discuss his role and answer any questions. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024,2025 |
| URL | https://www.food.gov.uk/news-alerts/news/groundbreaking-sandbox-programme-for-cell-cultivated-produc... |
| Description | Good Food Institute engagement activities |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Multiple engagements with different members of the Good Food Institute throughout 2024. Marianne has had calls with Seren Kell reference building a network of Hubs similar to CARMA, and with Linus Pardoe on policy. A key outcome was being included in a GFI organised event joint with Start up coalition in December 2024, a reception in London and separately a dinner with Kanishka Narayan MP which focused how policy makers and the government can support firms that are innovating within food production in the UK. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Meeting with the Isreali ambassador to the UK |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Marianne met the Isreali Ambassador Minister Ofir Akunis at their embassy in London for a private meeting to discuss research opportunities following the MoU between Israel and the UK which was signed the day after the visit. Marianne was contacted due to their interest in CARMA and global food technology and sustainability. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
| Description | Roger Saul visit to U.Bath including my labs |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Industry/Business |
| Results and Impact | Roger Saul, business man (founder of Mulberry, owner of Sharpham Park), is heavily engaged in policy discussions around the future of food in the UK. He visited Bath to learn more about the research we do and when he visited my lab we discussed how to communicate the opportunities in cellular agriculture to politicians and civil servants, and the wider public. Anticipated outcomes are (i) ongoing mentorship for political engagement; (ii) potential tissue engineering of walnuts. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
| Description | Roundtable discussion with Angela McLean |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Roundtable discussion with Government Chief Scientific Adviser (GCSA), Prof Dame Angela McLean, who was joined by Prof Chris Johnson DSIT Chief Scientific Adviser. One of Angela's team asked to engage with me in the future to learn more about the subject of Cellular Agriculture. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
| Description | TUCCA (TUFTS) engagement |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Postgraduate students |
| Results and Impact | Marianne joined three events in 2024 at TUCCA (Tufts University Centre for Cellular Agriculture) in Boston. Hosted by Professor David Kaplan, there was a Cultivated Meat, Poultry, and Seafood: Regulatory Workshop in November and earlier that year other workshops and meetings. Through these David and Mariann connected PhD and Post grad researchers across their projects and also invited the FSA to the workshop through an introduction by Marianne. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2024 |
| Description | Visit from Brian Mathew, MP |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Dr Brian Mathew, MP, is the Lib Dem MP for the neighbouring constituency Melksham and Devizes (and my MP), and he has a strong background and interest in sustainability especially around water and agriculture. Outcomes are (i) mutual engagement on relevant technologies for sustainability e.g. for his trip to Abu Dhabi, (ii) exploring manufacturing (for start ups/spin outs) support in Wiltshire. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2025 |
