How Do Economic Sanctions (Not) Work?
Lead Research Organisation:
Queen Mary University of London
Department Name: Politics
Abstract
Abstracts are not currently available in GtR for all funded research. This is normally because the abstract was not required at the time of proposal submission, but may be because it included sensitive information such as personal details.
People |
ORCID iD |
| Lee Jones (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Hameiri S
(2018)
The Development-Insecurity Nexus in China's Near-Abroad: Rethinking Cross-Border Economic Integration in an Era of State Transformation
in Journal of Contemporary Asia
Hameiri S
(2014)
Regulatory regionalism and anti-money-laundering governance in Asia
in Australian Journal of International Affairs
Jones L
(2014)
How Do Sanctions (Not) Work? Lessons from Myanmar
Jones L
(2015)
Myanmar's Transition amid International Economic Sanctions
Jones L
(2013)
The Political Economy of Myanmar's Transition
in Journal of Contemporary Asia
| Description | The project has developed a critique of existing analyses of how economic sanctions work and an alternative analytical framework, which is being applied to three cases: South Africa, Iraq and Myanmar. In the case of South Africa, the research has demonstrated how unique were the circumstances that enabled sanctions to 'work'. Early sanctions did not, in fact, 'work', but in the short to medium term merely strengthened the political and economic strategy of the ruling National Party. In the longer-term, the key dynamics at work were the increasingly disillusionment of the English and Afrikaner bourgeoisie with apartheid restrictions on the economy and, most importantly, the rising militancy of the black working class. In this new context only, sanctions eroded the state's ability to restore the conditions necessary for capital accumulation and social stability, helping to foster the transition away from apartheid. In the case of Myanmar, the research has found sanctions to be largely unproductive or even counter-productive. Although they complicated the military regime's transition strategy - the pacification of the borderlands and the imposition of 'discipline flourishing democracy' - after 1988, they did not substantially undermine it. Nor did they assist the weak and marginal democratic opposition to pursue its goals; indeed, they may have encouraged the opposition to take overly ambitious stances out of proportion to their actual political power. Sanctions did not prompt wider social unrest but rather concentrated power and resources in the hands of interests favoured by the regime, particularly 'crony capitalists'. So-called 'smart' sanctions were even less effective. Ultimately Myanmar's present 'democratic' transition has been driven by internal dynamics, not sanctions, which arguably delayed the transition to the extent they had any political effects. In the case of Iraq, research is ongoing. Preliminary findings suggest that the commonly-held view that sanctions had no impact are incorrect. Actually, sanctions accelerated a dramatic transformation in the state-society compact underpinning Saddam Hussein's regime, a profound erosion in the state's capacity to rule, and changes in strategy, including major concessions around weapons of mass destruction. They also contributed to growing tensions in the regime and attempts at regime change. These attempts ultimately failed, however, because of the highly fragmented nature of Iraqi society and the weak, marginal nature of its opposition groups. Sanctions thus produced significant changes and concessions, but stopped short of achieving regime change. In fact, the implicit goal of regime change undermined the possibility of achieving full verification of disarmament, dooming the regime to an apparent 'failure' despite its actual successes. |
| Exploitation Route | The project has many lessons for policymakers about past cases, and can provide a new way of thinking about how sanctions work and can or should be used in international politics. The research on Myanmar has been of particular interest to policymakers, businesses, officials in international organisations and the wider public given the country's political transition since elections held in 2010. |
| Sectors | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Government, Democracy and Justice,Security and Diplomacy |
| URL | http://www.leejones.tk/sanctions.html |
| Description | The findings have been used by three main groups. 1) Policymakers: the findings have been extensively disseminated to policymakers through regular interactions since the project began in 2011 and which are ongoing. These have taken the form of training sessions, briefings, participation in policy planning sessions, etc. These interactions have been especially important in informing UK/ EU policy towards Myanmar as it has undergone transition from military rule, leading to a reconsideration of sanctions policy. 2) Civil Society Groups/ General Public: civil society groups from the UK, Australia and Myanmar have been engaged during the course of the research through presentations, discussions and public debates. My work has also been used as evidence in the People's Tribunal on Myanmar. 3) The Media: I have appeared regularly in the national and international media to discuss economic sanctions and Myanmar. Appearances have included BBC News, Al Jazeera and other prominent outlets. |
| First Year Of Impact | 2011 |
| Sector | Education,Government, Democracy and Justice,Security and Diplomacy |
| Impact Types | Policy & public services |
| Description | Briefing and policy recommendations to senior FCO officials regarding forced displacement of Rohingyas from Myanmar to Bangladesh |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health |
| Impact | Provided policy recommendations to senior FCO officials. |
| Description | Briefing for British Ambassador to Myanmar, 24/7/13 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Briefed the new British ambassador-designate prior to him taking up his posting. |
| Description | Briefing for International Rescue Committee |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Briefing for Myanmar project manager prior to him taking up his post. Helped him understand the country context and plan his work accordingly. |
| Description | Briefing on Israel/Palestine and BDS for FCO Research Analyst, 26/5/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Submitted two briefing papers on the prospects of Boycotts, Disinvestment and Sanctions in Israel/Palestine. |
| Description | Briefing on Israel/Palestine and BDS for Fateh, 26/5/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Submitted two briefing papers on the prospects of Boycotts, Disinvestment and Sanctions in Israel/Palestine to Fateh's Commission for International Relations. |
| Description | Briefing on Myanmar for Deputy Head of FCO ASEAN Department, 13/1/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Briefing/ policy consultation on UK/EU approach to Myanmar to 2015. |
| Description | Briefing on Myanmar for Malaysian High Commission, 2/8/13 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Briefing on Myanmar's transition and Cambodian elections. |
| Description | Briefing on Myanmar to Norwegian Refugee Council |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Description | Briefings to Medecins sans Frontières official |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Advised MSF on their deployment to Rakhine State in Myanmar. This helped them to establish and operate their emergency healthcare mission. |
| Description | Burma After the 2015 Elections: Where To From Here?, 4/12/15 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Roundtable discussions with officials from FCO and DFID on political situation in Myanmar and Western policy options. |
| Description | Burma Roundtable, 25/11/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Half-day expert input to scenario scoping and policy planning meeting on Myanmar's 2015 elections, with staff from the Whitehall Burma Unit (FCO, DFID, MoD). |
| Description | Burma: Long-Term Challenges and International Responses |
| Geographic Reach | Europe |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Description | Citation in Asia Foundation Report |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | Citation in Asia Foundation report on contested areas of Myanmar |
| URL | https://asiafoundation.org/publication/contested-areas-myanmar-subnational-conflict-aid-development/ |
| Description | Citation in International Tribunal on Myanmar's Crimes against Rohingya and Kachin Peoples |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | Evidence provided to international tribunal. |
| URL | http://tribunalonmyanmar.org/2017/03/02/war-and-peace-in-the-borderlands-of-myanmar-the-kachin-cease... |
| Description | Citation in Myanmar: A Political Economy Analysis |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | Report commissioned by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. |
| URL | http://www.nupi.no/en/Publications/CRIStin-Pub/Myanmar-A-Political-Economy-Analysis |
| Description | Citation in Myanmar: A Political Economy Analysis commissioned by Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | Work cited in publication for the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. |
| URL | http://www.nupi.no/en/Publications/CRIStin-Pub/Myanmar-A-Political-Economy-Analysis |
| Description | Citation in policy briefing: Tackling Yangon's Mobility Crisis |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | The paper offers a systematic analysis of both the proximate and underlying causes of Yangon's mobility crisis and provides a discussion of policy options and priorities to get the city moving again. |
| URL | https://www.theigc.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Fox-et-al-2017-Final-report.pdf |
| Description | Citations (9) in House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee inquiry report |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | Report assesses UK's response to violence in Rakhine State |
| URL | https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmfaff/435/43502.htm |
| Description | Consultancy for UK Department for International Development's Legal Assistance for Economic Reform Programme, 4-23/12/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Provided political economy analysis and policy recommendations for LASER in Myanmar. |
| Description | Consultation on UK/EU Myanmar Policy, 15/10/13 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Consulted by UK FCO on British and EU policy towards Myanmar in the run-up to its elections in 2015. |
| Description | Consultation on the Rohingya Crisis provided to Whitehall Burma Team |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Implementation circular/rapid advice/letter to e.g. Ministry of Health |
| Impact | Provided advice to Whitehall Burma Team on Rohingya Crisis |
| Description | Consultation with British Ambassador to Myanmar, 12/5/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Consulted by HMA Yangon on recent developments in Myanmar. |
| Description | Consultation with British Ambassador to Myanmar, 12/5/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Consulted by HMA Yangon on recent developments in Myanmar. |
| Description | EU Sanctions Against Myanmar: Proposals for Change |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Description | Evidence to Canadian Parliament/ Global Affairs Canada Director |
| Geographic Reach | North America |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Societies Under Siege quoted in evidence submitted to Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development inquiry into sanctions. Briefed senior Canadian policymaker on economic sanctions. |
| URL | http://www.parl.gc.ca/HousePublications/Publication.aspx?DocId=8559771 |
| Description | International Economic Sanctions, 25/11/15 |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Royal College of Defence Studies, 25 November 2015. Keynote lecture on training course for 100+ senior military officers. |
| Description | Jones, L. (2016). "Understanding Myanmar's Ceasefire: Geopolitics, Political Economy, and Statebuilding." In Sadan (Ed.), War and Peace in the Borderlands of Myanmar: The Kachin Ceasefire, 1994-2011. Copenhagen: NIAS Press. |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | To contribute to the ongoing dialogue on how to encourage Myanmar's political transition. |
| URL | https://asiafoundation.org/publication/contested-areas-myanmar-subnational-conflict-aid-development/ |
| Description | Lecture on International Economic Sanctions to MoD personnel, Defence Economics series |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Provided lecture to MoD personnel |
| Description | Myanmar Sanctions Impact Assessment, 29/1/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Presented analysis to an audience including FCO research analyst. Submitted three research papers to the Whitehall Burma Unit. |
| Description | Myanmar and Bangladesh: Politics, Priorities and Regional Relations, 11/2/16 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Organised and delivered training for UK Diplomatic Academy with team of international experts. |
| Description | Myanmar to 2021, 19 June 2019: briefing for UK Cabinet Office |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Provided briefing on Myanmar to UK Cabinet Office |
| Description | Myanmar: A New Future Through Higher Education? A Myanmar-UK Policy Dialogue |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Advised Myanmar government on reforms to its Higher Education system as part of a British Council study tour and policy dialogue. |
| URL | https://www.britishcouncil.org/education/ihe/knowledge-centre/national-policies/report-empowering-hi... |
| Description | Myanmar: Politics and Prospects, 19 June 2019: briefing for head of DFID Mission in Myanmar |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Provided briefing for head of DFID mission in Myanmar |
| Description | People's Tribunal on Myanmar |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Citation in other policy documents |
| Impact | The edited volume in which this chapter appeared (Mandy Sadan (ed.) War and Peace in the Borderlands of Myanmar: The Kachin Ceasefire, 1994-2011 (Copenhagen: NIAS Press, 2016)) was presented as evidence to the International Tribunal on Myanmar's Crimes Against Rohingya and Kachin Peoples. This subset of the Permanent People's Tribunal held public hearings on 6-7 March, and aimed to publicise the plight of Myanmar's persecuted minorities and stimulate local and international action to provide aid and improve their treatment. |
| URL | http://tribunalonmyanmar.org/ |
| Description | Policy Development Workshop on International Economic Sanctions, 4/4/14 |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Organised and led training and policy development session on the use and evaluation of targeted sanctions, for policymakers and analysts from the FCO and HM Treasury. |
| Description | Provided expert advice to for UK Cabinet Office report: The Rakhine Crisis |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Provided expert advice for UK Cabinet Office report and policy options presented to the prime minister. |
| Description | Provided expert evidence to parliamentary inquiry (House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee): Violence in Rakhine State |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Gave expert evidence to parliamentary inquiry. |
| URL | http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/foreign-affairs-com... |
| Description | Rakhine and the Rohingya, 23/3/16 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Participant in day-long policy planning conference on Myanmar's Rohingya crisis. |
| Description | Research Advice on Myanmar to Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) Research Analyst, 16/3/15 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Advised on the production of a five-year assessment of Myanmar's post-2010 reforms to inform policymaking. |
| Description | Southeast Asia Practitioner Day, FCO |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Influenced training of practitioners or researchers |
| Impact | Provided half-day training for FCO officials on the region's domestic and international politics. |
| Description | Supporting Democratic Participation in Burma/Myanmar: Preparing for the 2020 Election, 6-8 March 2019: participation in high-level conference for Western diplomats to plan long-term Myanmar policy |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Participation in a guidance/advisory committee |
| Impact | Participated in high-level conference for Western diplomats focused on Myanmar policy. |
| Description | The Impact of Western Sanctions on Myanmar: Delaying Democratisation, 7/1/15 |
| Geographic Reach | Asia |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Evidence submitted to the UK Parliamentary Foreign Affairs Select Committee. |
| Description | Written Evidence to Foreign Affairs Committee Inquiry into Violence in Rakhine State |
| Geographic Reach | Multiple continents/international |
| Policy Influence Type | Contribution to a national consultation/review |
| Impact | Provided written evidence to Foreign Affairs Committee. |
| URL | http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/foreign-affairs-com... |
| Description | Award for Policy Development Workshop on International Economic Sanctions |
| Amount | £650 (GBP) |
| Organisation | Queen Mary University of London |
| Sector | Academic/University |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 04/2014 |
| End | 04/2014 |
| Description | The Divine Tragedy of Securing the Sacred: Religion, Security and Nationalism in Southeast Asia [with Dr Michael Magcamit] |
| Amount | € 195,454 (EUR) |
| Funding ID | 793262 |
| Organisation | European Commission H2020 |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | Belgium |
| Start | 03/2019 |
| End | 02/2021 |
| Description | UK Diplomatic Academy Tender |
| Amount | £6,000 (GBP) |
| Funding ID | SAARG/SAAD: Bangladesh and Burma 01/2016 |
| Organisation | Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) |
| Sector | Public |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Start | 01/2016 |
| End | 03/2016 |
| Description | Burma Independence Advocates |
| Organisation | Burma Independence Advocates |
| Country | Myanmar |
| Sector | Charity/Non Profit |
| PI Contribution | Zaw Nay Aung, a research assistant on the project, founded Burma Independence Advocates, a campaigning and advocacy NGO, using the skills and knowledge learned on the project. Dr Lee Jones, the PI, joined the academic advisory board. BIA campaigns in the UK on issues in Myanmar/Burma. |
| Collaborator Contribution | See above. |
| Impact | The outcome is the ongoing work of this NGO. For details see http://burmaadvocates.org/our-work.html. |
| Start Year | 2013 |
| Description | Briefing for British Ambassador to Myanmar |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 24 July 2013: Briefed the new British ambassador-designate to Myanmar prior to him taking up his posting. Used to inform policy planning and subsequent analysis of UK embassy. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| Description | Briefing for FCO Research Analyst |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 29 July 2014: Briefed incoming Foreign and Commonwealth Office Asia-Pacific Division research analyst on contemporary issues in the region. Formed working relationship with key government interlocutor, resulting in repeat opportunities to inform and guide UK foreign policy. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Briefing for FCO Research Analyst on Israel and BDS |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 26 May 2014: Submitted two briefing papers on the prospects of Boycotts, Disinvestment and Sanctions in Israel/Palestine to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Middle East division research analyst. Not aware of any impact. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Briefing for Malaysian High Commission |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 2 August 2013: Briefing on Myanmar's transition for the Malaysian High Commission. No direct impact. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| Description | Briefing on Israel/Palestine and Boycott, Disinvestment and Sanctions |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 26 May 2014: Presented two briefing papers on the prospects of Boycotts, Disinvestment and Sanctions in Israel/Palestine to Fateh's Commission for International Relations. Not aware of any impact. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Briefing to Norwegian Refugee Council |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | January 2013: briefed NRC senior official on developments in Myanmar. Informed NRC dialogue with major donor and subsequent policies. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| Description | Briefings to Medecins sans Frontières official |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | January 2013: provided two briefings for MSF project manager, ahead of their deployment to Myanmar's Rakhine state. Assisted MSF understand in-country political terrain and risks and thereby execute its mission. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| Description | Burma: Long-Term Challenges and International Responses |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 5-6 March 2012: Participation in discussions with officials from UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Department for International Development, British Council and other EU member-states on future UK and EU policy towards Myanmar. The event was part of a major review of UK/EU policy that reversed it from one of sanctions and isolation to engagement. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
| Description | Ceasefire: Reflections on Community, Politics and Social Change in the Kachin Region of Burma (Myanmar), 1994 to the Present |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 12 October 2013: participated in public conference with ethnic-minority activists on Myanmar's internal conflicts and development. Conference report subsequently disseminated online. Informed activist thinking. Led to production of edited volume. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| URL | http://soasceasefireseminar.weebly.com/seminar-reportsummary.html |
| Description | Consultation for British Ambassador to Myanmar |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 12 May 2014: Consulted by the British ambassador to Myanmar on recent developments in Myanmar and UK/EU policy initiatives. Not aware of direct impact. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Consultation on Myanmar for Deputy Head of FCO ASEAN Department |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | London, 13 January 2014: Briefing and policy consultation on UK/EU approach to Myanmar to 2015. Informed policy planning process. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Diplomatic Excellence and Knowledge Enhancement |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 19 January 2012: provided training for Foreign and Commonwealth Office Multilateral Team on Southeast Asia, to improve knowledge base used to inform and execute British foreign policy. Informed policy analysis and planning and led to further requests for input from the FCO. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
| Description | EU Sanctions Against Myanmar: Proposals for Change |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 7 March 2012: Briefing paper submitted to the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office assessing the impact of sanctions on Myanmar and making recommendations for amending the policy in response to political changes in that country. UK and EU sanctions were subsequently eased, as the paper recommended. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
| Description | FCO Consultation on UK/EU Burma Policy |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 15 October 2013: Consulted by UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office on British and EU policy towards Burma in the run-up to its elections in 2015. Informed policy planning process. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| Description | FCO Policy Development Workshop on Economic Sanctions |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 4 April 2014: Organised and led training and policy development session on the use and evaluation of targeted sanctions, for policymakers and analysts from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and the Treasury. Informed subsequent policy making and evaluation. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Is BDS Working? Exploring the Impact of Boycott, Disinvestment and Sanctions on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 30 January 2012: Participant in public panel discussion. Stimulated and informed public debate on public policy issue. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
| Description | Media Appearances |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | I have appeared frequently in national and international media to discuss economic sanctions and the transition in Myanmar more broadly. These appearances include: Le Monde Diplomatique, 9 November 2010; The Australian, 10 November 2010; BBC World TV, 28 April 2012; Cape Talk 567 (South Africa), 3 May 2012; Voice of Russia, 8 June 2012; and Monocle 24 radio (many times since 2012). These appearances have reached hundreds of millions of readers, listeners and viewers worldwide. Informed public understanding. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2010,2011,2012,2013,2014 |
| Description | Myanmar Sanctions Impact Assessment |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 29 January 2014: Presented analysis of the impact of Western sanctions on Myanmar to an audience including the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) Asia-Pacific division research analyst, and submitted three research papers to the FCO's Burma Policy Group. Used to inform policy evaluation and analysis of current events in Myanmar. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Myanmar's Transition amid International Economic Sanctions |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Public lecture, University of Melbourne, 15 September 2015. Resulted in invitation to interview on Australian Broadcasting Corporation. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| URL | http://asiainstitute.unimelb.edu.au/events/archive/myanmars-transition-amid-international-economic-s... |
| Description | Myanmar's Transition to 'Disciplined' Democracy: What Hope for the New Government? |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Invited talk for the Britain-Burma Society, London, 29 March 2016. Increased participants' knowledge of situation in Myanmar. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2016 |
| Description | Myanmar: A New Future Through Higher Education? A Myanmar-UK Policy Dialogue |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 9 May 2013: Provided political and economic analysis and policy advice to a delegation of senior Myanmar politicians and officials on the reform of higher education as part of a British Council-led study tour and dialogue. Informed policy making process in Myanmar. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| Description | Oxford Analytica Briefs on Myanmar |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | December 2012 to June 2013: produced and edited briefs on Myanmar for global analysis and advisory firm, supplied to clients worldwide, including many businesses, over 50 governments, and major international agencies. Co-author: • Political Pragmatism to Guide Copper Mine Controversy (December 2012) • Myanmar Agribusiness Reform Will Fall Short (December 2012) Author: • Myanmar business elite to adapt and thrive (January 2013) • Kachin offensive mars Myanmar ethnic solution (January 2013) • Myanmar's Managed Transition (March 2013) Informed business, NGO, IGO and government thinking and planning. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012,2013 |
| Description | Public Debate on Israel Boycott, Disinvestment and Sanctions |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 1 December 2014: helped organise, chaired and participated in this public debate. Facilitated public debate on foreign policy. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Regime Transitions in Southeast Asia: Lessons for Myanmar? |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | 22 March 2014: convened, chaired and participated in roundtable on regime transitions with implications for Myanmar, for audience of policymakers, diplomats, businesspeople, scholars and students. Parts of the event were broadcast on international TV. Not aware of any impact. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| URL | http://projectsoutheastasia.com/academic-events/sea-symposium-2014/roundtables/regime-transitions-my... |
| Description | Research Advice on Myanmar to FCO Research Analyst |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | 11 and 15 September 2014: Provided guidance to Foreign and Commonwealth Office Asia-Pacific division research analyst on religious nationalism and the peace process in Myanmar. Formed the basis of research reports used to inform British foreign policy making. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |
| Description | Rethinking Economic Sanctions |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 25 July 2012: Disseminated research and facilitated discussion on international economic sanctions among Myanmar civil society activists and NGOs. Informed activist thinking. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2012 |
| Description | Sanctioning Apartheid: Comparing the South African and Palestinian BDS Campaigns |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | 10 July 2013: Presented and discussed research findings with Australian campaigners for boycotts, disinvestment and sanctions against Israel, and their implications for activist strategies. Informed activist thinking. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| Description | Southeast Asia: A Political and Economic Introduction |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | December 2011: Academic consultant for a UK Parliament research report on Southeast Asia, used to inform debate and legislation in the House of Commons. British MPs had access to high quality background information on the region. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2011 |
| URL | http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/briefing-papers/RP11-78/southeast-asia-a-pol... |
| Description | The Boycott, Disinvestment and Sanctions Campaign |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | Presentation to Independent Jewish Voices, London, 31 January 2016. Helped shape IJV's stance on BDS towards Israel. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2015 |
| Description | The Future of Myanmar |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | 9 March 2013: Co-organised and chaired a roundtable discussion on Myanmar's transition, with politicians, businesspeople, NGOs, diplomats, academics and students. Informed thinking of participants. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2013 |
| Description | Training for Senior Military Officers on Southeast Asia |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | Yes |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | 1 May 2014: I provided a half day of training on Southeast Asian political and security dynamics to over 100 senior military officers and civilian officials from Europe, the Americas, Africa and Australasia. The training formed part of the participants' professional development, and also informed a military study trip to Myanmar in the following month. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2014 |