Resilience at the Bombsite: Reconstructing Post-Terrorist Space

Lead Research Organisation: University of Warwick
Department Name: Politics and International Studies

Abstract

States organise bombsite reconstruction and memorialisation in an ad-hoc fashion through committees which act without policy guidance. This project explores the methods and objectives of such redevelopment, generating the data necessary for identification of best practice through the assessment of redevelopment at the World Trade Center Manhattan, the Oslo Government Quarter, Utoya island, the London bombings, the Boston Marathon Bombing and the Madrid bombing. It is important to address bombsite recovery to assess the implementation of resilience. In the contemporary era, security is practiced against risks and threats which haven't yet occurred in an attempt to prevent disaster. This is particularly true of resilience policies which anticipate a multitude of threats, some of which cannot be prevented, in order to build the capacity to recover from future disasters. But what can we know about resilience if we only anticipate threats, and do not examine practices which enable the recovery of disaster space? This Future Leaders project interrogates a gap at the heart of national and international resilience policy which follows from this anticipatory temporality: there is no codified account of how to manage and reclaim sites of terrorist attack, despite the positing of unpreventable events within resilience and security discourse. Resilience policy is targeted towards the mediation of the next disaster, not the steps by which a previous disaster site can be made resilient. This project changes the temporality of existing security research. It explores whether projects to rebuild, redesign and memorialise sites of terrorist attack mediate threats in a retrospective, rather than anticipatory, manner. Does reconstruction enable resilience? And how can rebuilding be optimized to avoid protest and public dissatisfaction?

It is important to assess the efficacy of post-terrorist reconstruction because extensive public funds are committed to the redevelopment of sites ($10bn at Ground Zero in Manhattan; and at least 650m Kroner is allocated for Oslo's Government Quarter) without codified policy guidance for the undertaking of reconstruction and memorialisation. Additionally, despite the best of intentions of redevelopment committees, few redevelopment projects in recent years have escaped contestation. For example, dozens of self-organised family groups have organised protests against the delayed reconstruction of the WTC in New York, against the abstract memorial which won the vote of 9-11 memorial jury, and the housing of human remains in the 9-11 museum; similarly the lack of official clarity about the future of Oslo's bombed Government Quarter provoked considerable activism from the Norwegian public.

To address these responses and assess the efficacy and appropriateness of post-terrorist reconstruction, I will deploy a secondary research question: 'When have reconstruction efforts upon sensitive sites provoked hostility and activism from victims' families and protest groups?' Once the methods and objectives of redevelopment are identified, and the situations in which it provokes protest, my final research question draws the research together in the direction of influencing policy: 'What examples of effective and appropriate practice are evident in contemporary case studies of bombsite redevelopment, such that policy guidance might be produced to aid the 'resilience' of post-terrorist space?' As a result, this Future Leaders project is dedicated to the identification of effective and transparent practice in the reclamation of post-terrorist space.

This project builds upon my existing research into the practice of political violence and its suppression through counter-terrorism (see CV). It makes an original contribution to the study and practice of security by taking the resilience-paradigm-shift seriously: if events are now unpreventable, then research must assess the implementation of resilience at the bombsite.

Planned Impact

This project seeks to reframe the understanding of resilience which currently dominates policy and academic study, in order to draw attention to the importance of practices which mediate threats which have already materialised. Given the dominant anticipatory conception of threat (that danger which has not yet occurred), security policy and research have not adequately addressed such post-event response. By comparatively exploring the efficacy of attempts to reconstruct post-terrorist sites, it is possible to open this terrain to security research and generate multiple impacts upon target audiences:

1) Policy practitioners and advisors: The project targets a policy-gap with regards to the application of resilience to disaster recovery, so the impact of the research upon policymaking communities is of paramount importance. To that end, I will deploy a four-pronged approach to consolidating the impact of the project. The most prestigious dissemination event will involve an event at the House of Commons, to which policymakers and the resilience practitioner community will be invited. Bob Ainsworth, MP for Coventry North-East, sits on the PAIS impact board and has previously offered the use of a meeting room within the Houses of Parliament for such an event. Furthermore the applicant has the support of Helen Braithwaite (OBE), author of the Civil Contingencies Strategy (the cornerstone of UK resilience policy) and Head of Resilience Policy for the Midlands, who can provide support for delegate invitations to resilience practitioners and government representatives.
This event will be replicated for the European policymaking community through the use of Warwick's facilities and event coordinators in Brussels, adjacent to the European Parliament. These events will be timed around the production of a policy paper which outlines the recommendations of the project regarding the incorporation of publics into decision-making processes surrounding post-terrorist space and examples of best/worst practice from case studies explored during the project. Finally, the research will be periodically documented throughout the Future Leaders project on the Disaster STS network which connects policymakers, practitioners and academics through its web-based and event facilities. This combination of methods will ensure the maximum dissemination potential for the research and lead to significant impact on the policy surrounding the recovery of destroyed space.

2) Public Engagement: A (host funded) event will be held on the 80th anniversary of the WW2 bombing of Coventry to compare historical and contemporary approaches to bombsite reconstruction. Coventry left its famous cathedral unreconstructed as testament to the destructive nature of war - generating a poetic contrast to contemporary stylised reconstructions of post-terrorist space. The event will present the contrast to the public for consideration of both approaches to destroyed space. Wawick's campus is the perfect location for this event, given its situation in Coventry.

3) IS/IR/resilience/disaster recovery scholars: The project makes an original contribution to security, resilience and disaster studies by reversing the temporality of anticipation & prevention which dominates research. This is particularly important in the present security climate, given the ascendance of the resilience paradigm within security policy and its non-application to reconstruction. To know if resilience can be attained, it is necessary to supplement anticipatory security measures with an assessment of practices of bombsite reconstruction.

4) Wider academic community: Outside the politics-related fields of IS and IR, the project also has impact potential within fields of geography and memory studies. I will maximize this interdisciplinary impact by targeting top journals in the Humanities ('Society and Space: Environment and Planning D'; 'Memory Studies') with outputs and by undertaking 3 mobility visits.

Publications

10 25 50
 
Title Created an educational resource for schools on memorialisation, key stage 3 
Description I created a teaching resource for Key Stage 3 from my ESRC research. The module is called 'Memorials to War and Terrorism'. I have developed the resource in partnership with the third sector organisation 'Since 9/11', who will continue to offer the module in schools. 
Type Of Art Performance (Music, Dance, Drama, etc) 
Year Produced 2018 
Impact I delivered the module at the British Museum event, listed under 'engagement'. Schools in attendance sent us many 'thank you' notes which reflected on how their students talked for days about memorialisation of terrorist attacks. Lyng Hall school went further, and dedicated 3 pages of their school newsletter to describing the event's impact on their students - please see here: https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/people/heath-kelly/newsletter_11.01.19_lyng_hall.pdf 
URL https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/people/heath-kelly/newsletter_11.01.19_lyng_hall.pdf
 
Description What were the most significant achievements from the grant?
- The development of a teaching resource for schools on 'memorials to war and terrorism', which will be continually offered in schools by the 'Since 9/11' terrorist education charity. Associated with this was an extremely successful public engagement event - where the module was debuted to 130 students from six schools in the UK, at the British Museum. This was the largest event ever organised by the University of Warwick under the umbrella of 'widening participation'. The schools have sent us very positive feedback on the event, noting that their students were discussing terrorism memorialisation and terrorism victims for days afterwards.
- The publication record developed during the period of funding. The author has published 1 monograph, 1 edited book, 8 journal articles and 8 book chapters during her future leaders fellowship. The ESRC funded research was disseminated in many of these (it was the subject of the monograph, 3 of the journal articles, and 5 of the book chapters). One of these articles which disseminated this ESRC funded research ('Survivor Trees and Memorial Groves: Vegetal Commemoration of Victims of Terrorism') won an international research prize ('best paper', awarded by the Theory Section of the International Studies Association in 2018).
- The grant has enabled me to participate in, and shape, the activities of a new research network around the commemorations of terrorist attacks in Europe. Comprised of social scientific researchers across the UK, France, Belgium and Spain, the network has collaborated on: 1) research workshops in Paris; 2) a panel for the 2019 Memory Studies conference in Madrid; 3) a special issue on the commemoration of terrorist attacks (Ethnologie Francaise, 2019, 173(1)); 4) providing mentorship to graduate students researching commemoration. As such, the grant has helped to generate some of the new research questions being tackled by this research network, as well as to improve the skills of graduate students around Europe who have benefited from mentorship opportunities.
- Significant new knowledge has been generated from the grant. Memorialisation has been reconceptualised as a retrospective security technique used by states to foreclose disruption and trauma. I have paid particular attention paid to how this unique security temporality (memorialisation) understands 'threat' as originating in the past, rather than the future. Substantial new knowledge has also been produced on the factors which lead families, survivors and local residents to protest terrorism memorials. As this was the first research project to systematically study post-terrorism memorialisation across multiple countries, new knowledge was generated on the commonalities between cases. Most notably, I have published my findings that: 1) states turn towards vegetal symbolism to commemorate difficult deaths and to perform societal resilience through design and landscaping (Heath-Kelly 2018); 2) Heideggerian ontologies are particularly well-suited to explaining states' framing of memorials/commemoration as security devices, designed to mitigate ontological concerns about mortality and impermanence (Heath-Kelly 2017); 3) protest against terrorism memorials is often, but not always, connected to site selection - especially distance from the site of carnage. If the 'place relevance' of the memorial is thought to be lacking by families, survivors and residents, then these groups do not identify strongly with the memorial. This lacking identification means that they do not use their social capital to defend commemorative architecture from challenges and protests, enabling those protests to grow stronger and to result (in extreme cases, like Norway memorials to 22 July 2011) in the cancellation of commemorative architecture commissions (Heath-Kelly 2019).

To what extent were the grant objectives met?
The grant objectives were almost entirely met, but some amendments were necessary to the planned impact events. The first objective ('Developing new ways to understand security and resilience through post-event recovery') was met in totality. Interviews were held with major stakeholders in memorialisation and reconstruction projects across all case studies, with findings published in a university press monograph, three journal articles and five book chapters. Substantial new knowledge has been produced on the deployment of memorialisation as a retrospective security technique (as post-event recovery), and the academic theories most useful for framing and understanding these dynamics (please see above). As well as producing a new theory of memorialisation as a retrospective security technique (published in my 2017 monograph), the project has generated substantial new knowledge on the factors associated with protests against terrorism memorials. These can often be traced back to a spatial dislocation between the site of deaths and the site of the planned memorial. This distance contributes to disengagement by key stakeholders (families, survivors), who then don't deploy their social capital in the defence of memorial projects - allowing protests to extreme levels, even including the cancellation of national memorials to terrorism victims (Heath-Kelly 2019).

The second objective ('Engaging policymakers, disaster recovery practitioners and the public to effect the codification of guidance around disaster recovery at post-terrorist sites) was largely successful, but amendments to the original plan were required. I have engaged substantially with the public, as well as practitioners of memorialisation, as planned (including the publication of multiple open-access blog pieces on memorialisation controversies, and extensive meetings with the memorialisation practitioners who have authored the UK's guidelines on disaster recovery, and who are currently involved in organising the permanent memorial to victims of the Manchester Arena bombing). However I was not able to disseminate my research through the online Disaster-STS network as planned. I had the continued support of the network's academic leads, but their platform experienced severe delays in construction. These delays meant that I instead focused on developing the European research network around terrorism commemoration, described above in the section on key achievements. Furthermore, due to the relocation of governmental brief for memorialisation after disasters, and the intense pre-occupation of the UK government and civil service with Brexit preparations, I was obliged to make changes to my plans for engaging policymakers. Through my engagement with practitioners, I was able to contact the civil servants who had taken on responsibilities for memorialisation after disasters. But their workload, and a very changeable political environment, meant that there was no appetite for a policymaker/practitioner event on post-terrorist memorialisation. Coincidentally, they had also just commissioned a leading practitioner to write guidelines on the topic (during my application to the ESRC for funding) which contributed to their low prioritisation of collaboration on an event for policymakers. As such, I developed a research relationship with that practitioner but reworked my impact agenda around academic publications, publicly accessible blog posts on memorialising terrorist attacks, and the creation of learning materials for schools around terrorism memorialisation (and a large event at the British Museum where this material was debuted). A third sector organisation ('Since 9/11') has incorporated my module into their continuing activities around terrorism education.

The third objective ('professional development activities which will enhance my leadership potential') was hugely successful. This is demonstrated by the University of Warwick supporting my application for the position of Reader in late 2018 (under review). Given that I am only 7 years out of my PhD, this endorsement is a testament to the activities enabled by my ESRC Future Leaders Fellowship. As planned, I organised an impact workship for ECR's from institutions across the UK to visit the University of Warwick, and to develop their confidence in producing policy reports and engaging with policymakers. I also attended the ESRC's media training course, as well as bespoke training at the University of Warwick to develop my skills around public engagement. Furthermore I attended the Gregynog Summer School to acquire advanced methodological training in discourse analytic, feminist and post-colonial research methodologies, which was extremely worthwhile and expanded my conceptual horizons. Rather than attending the ten international conferences planned for the grant period, I have attended nearly 25. My international reputation as a speaker and scholar has greatly expanded, resulting in now frequent invitations for me to deliver keynote addresses (please see listed invitations under 'engagement' tab). Finally, I undertook a mobility visit to the University of Brighton's Centre for the Study of Memory, Narrative and Histories where I was stationed as a visiting researcher for three months. This exposed me to a wide variety of Humanities based research into memory and commemoration, and enabled me to receive feedback on my own research.
Exploitation Route During the project I found a substantial contingent of European researchers also studying the memorialisation of terrorism, and I have assisted with the consolidation of our research network (including research workshops in Paris, the mentoring of post-graduate researchers and the production of a special issue of Ethnologie Francaise on the commemoration of terrorist attacks). Through this research network, my findings are studied and put to use in new research projects on societal recovery after terrorist events. We are already planning a series of panels on this topic at the 2019 Memory Studies conference in Madrid. My findings on the protests against terrorism memorials, and the place-dynamics which can compromise the authenticity of memorial architecture, will continue to generate new inquiry through this network. I also continue to regularly receive applications for PhD supervision in the areas of Memory Studies and Heritage Curation, which will enable me to mentor the next generation of researchers.

Beyond Memory Studies, my findings on retrospective security and resilience have already been taken forward in a special forum of the Critical Security Studies journal. In this forum, the merits of rethinking security practice as mortality effacement were debated - a proposition put forward in my 2017 monograph. I am also co-editing a special issue of Critical Military Studies with Audrey Reeves of Virginia Tech, where we will continue to push the boundaries of International Relations into cognate fields of curation, heritage and memorial research around wars and violence. Through this avenue, my findings will continue to be taken forward - as IR is increasingly identified 'within the museum' (to take on Christine Sylvester's provocation to IR researchers).

Finally, my findings could be taken forward by researchers and practitioners who seek to minimize controversies around commemorative architecture. My findings show that a memorial constructed off-site will often lack the authenticity required for its supporters to effectively combat protest. Place-identity is key to ensuring the support of key stakeholders and using their social capital to defuse protest movements.
Sectors Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections

 
Description Disseminating my research through open access media has enabled public debate on the virtues, or otherwise, of post-terrorist memorialisation. Public comments on my op-ed in 'The Conversation' attest to this, along with the response to the live-tweeting of my research presentation to The Joseph Chamberlain Academy (school) in Birmingham. I have also developed a teaching resource for Key Stage 3 on 'memorials to war and terrorism'. The schools who attended the debut of this module (British Museum event) sent us very positive feedback about the event and how their students could not stop talking about it afterwards. The module will now be integrated into the educational provision of the 'Since 9/11' charitable organisation and will continue to affect learning in schools. The research has recently experienced substantial public exposure when a journal for Architectural professionals republished my findings in a prominent special on memorialisation. In 2020, the Architectural Review published my research on memorials as the introduction to their special issue on Norway: https://www.architectural-review.com/places/europe/scandinavia/memory-loss-post-terrorist-sites-in-norway/10045911.article My research frames and opens the issue. This is both a recognition of the social impact of my ESRC funded research, as well as a very useful (& publicly accessible) promotion of that research by the Review.
First Year Of Impact 2018
Sector Education,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections
Impact Types Societal

 
Description Citation in EU Radicalisation Awareness Network working paper
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
URL https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/system/files/2020-08/ran_mental_health_conclusion_en.pdf
 
Description Citation in Joint Committee on Human Rights Report on Counter-Terrorism and Security Bill
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
URL https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/jt201719/jtselect/jtrights/1208/120809.htm
 
Description Delivered a Publishing Masterclass for PhD students at University of East Anglia
Geographic Reach Local/Municipal/Regional 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
 
Description Gave evidence to the UK Prevent Review - two submissions (one independent; one via collaboration with the Cabinet Office's Open Innovation Team)
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
 
Description Institute of Race Relations organises an event around my research and efforts to suppress research into Prevent Strategy
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
 
Description Invited presentation to EU event for policymakers on exit programmes
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Membership of a guideline committee
 
Description Invited to present my research to the British Association of Social Workers, London 21st March 2019.
Geographic Reach Local/Municipal/Regional 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
 
Description Organised international conference on generating research impact for postgraduates in Politics and IR
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact The fifty attendees of the postgraduate day of the PAIS Impact Conference received cutting edge training in how to generate research impact. They received expert training from governmental representatives, practitioners and researchers. These postgraduate researchers now have an improved skill level, although I can't quantify this here.
URL http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/research/impact/events/impactconference2016/
 
Description Panel member, reviewing grant applications to the Belgian Science Office (BELSPO) 2016. Funded 3 grants to study radicalisation in Belgium.
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description Participated in a national consultation of the Scottish Government Health Resilience team, presented research on Prevent in NHS England to representatives of all Scottish NHS trusts and the Scottish government.
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
Impact I presented my research on some of the challenges of integrating Prevent within NHS England operations, & provided comments on draft policy documents by the Scottish Health Resilience team. I cannot quantify the impact of my engagement with the Scottish NHS and government, but discussions and feedback were very productive and warm. Hearing about some of the counter-productive elements of the English system has provided more certainty about policy direction in the Scottish NHS.
 
Description Participated on advisory committees for the British International Studies Association. Influenced the creation of BISA Early Career Small Research Grants.
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description Presentation to the People's Review of Prevent
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
 
Description Presented research to European Commission's Centre of Excellence - Radicalisation Awareness Network (H&SC)
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
URL https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/sites/homeaffairs/files/what-we-do/networks/radicalisation_awarene...
 
Description Produced an Expert Report for the UK Commission for Countering Extremism (on 'Drivers of Extremism')
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
URL https://www.gov.uk/government/news/commission-for-countering-extremism-publishes-further-eight-acade...
 
Description Reviewed research grant applications to BELSPO - the Belgian research council
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
Impact My participation in the grant review procedures of BELSPO led to the funding of multiple research projects, investigating effective solutions to social problems of integrating migrants into healthcare systems, and living wage provision. These projects are now underway in Belgian universities.
 
Description Submitted evidence to the Prevent Review as an individual and served as consultant to the Cabinet Office submission (open innovation team)
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
 
Description The Psychotherapy and Counselling Union issues a strong, public denunciation of counterterrorism duties placed upon mental health providers, citing my research.
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
URL https://www.psychotherapyandcounsellingunion.co.uk/post/pcu-statement-against-prevent-p-posted-by-ro...
 
Description Trained Newcastle University postgraduate researchers on applying for early career research funding. 1st November 2017
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
 
Description Trained safeguarding practitioners in the NHS and Social on extremism, safeguarding and the prevent duty. March 22nd, Birmingham conference on Safeguarding and Exploitation, organised by RIPFA (research in practice for adults)
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact I addressed an audience of safeguarding practitioners from across the NHS and social care in England. I increased their educational and skill level in responding to the exploitation of vulnerable adults by delivering training on contemporary research on radicalisation, safeguarding and the Prevent Duty. The practitioners conference was organised by RIPFA (research in practice for adults).
 
Description Law22July: Ripples (Rights, Institutions, Procedures, Participation, Litigation: Embedding Security)
Amount kr 12,447,000 (NOK)
Funding ID 300214 
Organisation Research Council of Norway 
Sector Public
Country Norway
Start 04/2020 
End 12/2023
 
Description Neoliberal Terror: The Radicalisation of Social Policy in Europe
Amount € 1,455,000 (EUR)
Funding ID 851022 
Organisation European Research Council (ERC) 
Sector Public
Country Belgium
Start 02/2020 
End 01/2025
 
Description Wellcome Trust Seed Award in Humanities and Social Sciences
Amount £43,570 (GBP)
Funding ID 205365/Z/16/Z 
Organisation Wellcome Trust 
Department Wellcome Trust Bloomsbury Centre
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2017 
End 02/2018
 
Description Collaboration with third sector organisation - producing an educational resource 
Organisation Since 9/11
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution I produced a teaching resource for students at Key Stage 3, from ESRC funded research. The module guides students through the changing nature of memorialisation in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, exploring why memorials start being built in response to terrorist attacks.
Collaborator Contribution Since 9/11 host the educational resource on their website and will continue to deliver it in schools, as part of their mission to educate young people about terrorism. Since 9/11 also contributed speakers to the event I organised at the British Museum on memorialisation, for schools.
Impact A teaching resource entitled 'Memorials to War and Terrorism', aimed at Key Stage 3.
Start Year 2018
 
Description Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Brighton, Sept 2016 - Feb 2017 
Organisation University of Brighton
Department Sport Brighton
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution As a visiting research fellow at the Centre for Research in Memory, Narrative and Histories (CRMNH), I gave one keynote lecture to the centre (November 2016) and led one postgraduate workshop on my current research (Jan 2017).
Collaborator Contribution The CRMNH at the University of Brighton contributed to the development of my ESRC project through their feedback on my presentation and workshop. They also contributed to my subsistence expenses during my trips to Brighton, and gave me access to their University library.
Impact An attendee of my lecture and workshop is involved in the early discussions regarding memorialisation of the Shoreham air disaster. We are in contact regarding the possible contribution of my research upon that memorial process.
Start Year 2016
 
Description 1-2 June 2017 - Invited speaker at a workshop held at Sciences Po Paris (hosted by Paris Nanterre) on Mémoires et usages publics du passé: La mémorialisation des attentats. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 1-2 June 2017 - Invited speaker at a workshop held at Sciences Po Paris (hosted by Paris Nanterre) on Mémoires et usages publics du passé: La mémorialisation des attentats.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description 11 July 2017 - delivered a widening participation workshop with King Solomon Academy school, on my ESRC research. How can we make places feel safe again, after terrorist attacks? The lecture addressed changes in memorialisation styles, then allowed students to design a memorial in breakout groups for either the Manchester, London bridge, or Finsbury Park attack 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact 11 July 2017 - delivered a widening participation workshop with King Solomon Academy school, on my ESRC research. How can we make places feel safe again, after terrorist attacks? The lecture addressed changes in memorialisation styles, then allowed students to design a memorial in breakout groups for either the Manchester, London bridge, or Finsbury Park attack
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description 18-19 January 2018. Invited to deliver a research talk at the Ophelia Terrorism Research Centre, University of Santa Barbara, California. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 18-19 January 2018. Invited to deliver a research talk at the Orpelia Terrorism Research Centre, University of Santa Barbara, California.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
URL http://www.orfaleacenter.ucsb.edu/event/is-there-an-after-after-911/
 
Description 1st November 2017 - Invited to deliver research seminar at Newcastle University Department of Politics 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 11th November 2017 - Invited to deliver research seminar at Newcastle University Department of Politics
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description 1st November 2017 - invited to deliver training to Newcastle University postgraduate researchers on applying for early career research grants 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 11th November 2017 - invited to deliver training to Newcastle University postgraduate researchers on applying for early career research grants
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description 29th November 2017 - gave a TED-X Warwick talk to an audience of students. The talk was filmed and placed on youtube. It has over 17000 views. The talk was called: empathy for the devil: talking to terrorists to understand conflict 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact 29th November 2017 - gave a TED-X Warwick talk to an audience of students. The talk was filmed and placed on youtube. It has over 17000 views. The talk was called: empathy for the devil: talking to terrorists to understand conflict
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
URL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7odODMPXxh4
 
Description 3rd March 2018 - Invited to deliver a research talk to policymakers in Venice, on the implications of Brexit for security cooperation 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact 3rd March 2018 - Invited to deliver a research talk to policymakers in Venice, on the implications of Brexit for security cooperation
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description 4th September 2017 - Delivered keynote address to the annual conference of the BISA Critical Terrorism Studies Working Group, Newcastle University. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 4th September 2017 - Delivered keynote address to the annual conference of the BISA Critical Terrorism Studies Working Group, Newcastle University.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description 7-9 June 2017 - co-organised EWIS (European workshops in International Studies) workshop on Museums, Exhibitions and the Representation of the International at Cardiff University with Dr Audrey Reeves 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 7-9 June 2017 - co-organised EWIS (European workshops in International Studies) workshop on Museums, Exhibitions and the Representation of the International at Cardiff University with Dr Audrey Reeves.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description 9th November 2017 - presented my research at an impact event on Security and Resilience at London Turing Institute (policy representatives attended from FCO, DIFD, and policy exchange) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact 9th November 2017 - presented my research at an impact event on Security and Resilience at London Turing Institute (policy representatives attended from FCO, DIFD, and policy exchange)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Assisted with organisation of BISA (British International Studies Association) conference in Brighton, June 2017. As a trustee of the organisation, I was responsible for assisting with chairing duties, presentation of prizes and general helping out. I also presented my research. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Assisted with organisation of BISA (British International Studies Association) conference in Brighton, June 2017. As a trustee of the organisation, I was responsible for assisting with chairing duties, presentation of prizes and general helping out. I also presented my research.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Attendance at 7/7 memorial lecture and engagement with bombing survivors 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact I attended the 2016 memorial lecture of the 7/7 bombings in London. I was introduced to many survivors of the bombing by the event organiser, and discussed my research with them.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www.tavistocksquarememorialtrust.org/annual-lecture.html
 
Description BISA online roundtable - Curating Conflict special issue 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 9th October 2020 - the British International Studies Association convened an online roundtable to promote the 'Curating Conflict' special issue I edited, and published in, to an audience of seventy. The roundtable (which I chaired) was recorded and uploaded to the BISA website
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.bisa.ac.uk/members/working-groups/ppwg/events/curating-conflict-political-violence-museu...
 
Description Delivered a lecture to first year undergraduates on Warwick's 'world politics' course, 'terrorism, strategy, politics'. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Undergraduate students
Results and Impact Invited to deliver a lecture to first year undergraduates on Warwick's 'world politics' course, 'terrorism, strategy, politics'.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Expert panel, 3rd May 2017, University of Warwick. Early Career Training workshop on publication strategy and REF. Participated as panellist. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Expert panel, 3rd May 2017, University of Warwick. Early Career Training workshop on publication strategy & REF. Participated as panellist.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Filmed interview on research, for BISA 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 21st August 2020 - the British International Studies Association film an interview with the authors of 'The Political Use of Victimhood' and promote the article on their website: https://www.bisa.ac.uk/articles/political-use-victimhood-spanish-collective-memory-eta-through-war-terror-paradigm
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.bisa.ac.uk/articles/political-use-victimhood-spanish-collective-memory-eta-through-war-t...
 
Description Invitation to review grant applications to the Belgian Science Office (BELSPO) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact I was invited to assist the Belgian Science Office (BELSPO) review grant applications for research into radicalisation. I participated in distance review and then the final panel session where the awards were determined.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description Invited by 'the disorder of things' academic network to publish a research reflection 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact The editors of 'the disorder of things' (academic network and blog site) invited me to publish a research based reflection on the Home Office's recent Prevent referral statistics.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://thedisorderofthings.com/2018/12/21/rebels-without-a-cause-safeguarding-risk-and-banality-in-...
 
Description Invited presentation on the 'Ethics and Efficacy of Counterterrorism' to postgraduate researchers, Queens University Belfast, 8th February, 2019 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Presented research to postgraduate students at QUB. Approx 20 attendees from the postgraduate research community. Discussion and questions sparked by the presentation.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Invited presentation: 'Prevent Mistitled: UK Counter-Radicalisation as Neoliberal Welfare Provision', Department of Politics and IR, University of Sussex. 21st November 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Approx 25 attendees from the Politics and International Studies department at the University of Sussex attended my seminar series presentation. Discussion and questions were provoked.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Invited to deliver a research talk on the reconstruction of Ground Zero to the Dept of Political Science, University of Connecticut, USA. April 6th 2017. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Invited to deliver a research talk on the reconstruction of Ground Zero to the Dept of Political Science, University of Connecticut, USA. April 6th 2017.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
URL http://humanities.uconn.edu/2017/03/25/thursday-april-6-talk-by-charlotte-heath-kelly/
 
Description Invited to deliver the inaugural keynote address to the State Violence Research Network, University of Manchester 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Delivered a keynote address on my research about the Prevent Strategy to this new research network in Northern England, which brings postgraduate researchers, activists and community leaders together. Around 50 people attended and the presentation sparked questions and discussion about the role of Prevent in society.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Invited to deliver the keynote address to the Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung (BPB) conference on Islamophobia; Celle, Germany. 21st July, 2019 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact I delivered a keynote address to the Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung (BPB) conference on Islamophobia; Celle, Germany on 21st July, 2019. Nearly 100 practitioners (social services), third sector organisations and educators attended the event to learn about the reciprocal relationship between securitisation and Islamaphobia in the War on Terror. A large amount of questions were sparked by the presentation, and I was also interviewed on camera about my research for a local TV company.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Invited to participate in Imperial War Museum event and discuss research with the public 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact 12 May 2018 - Invited participant to the Imperial War Museum's 'Conflict Café' event on resilience after terrorism. I engaged the public with my research on post terrorist memorialisation, in the Imperial War Museum. Many members of the public asked me questions about memorialisation after terrorism, and confirmed that their views on the subject were developing and changing as a result.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://twitter.com/I_W_M/status/994137291013672961
 
Description Invited to present research on memorials to a workshop of the International Studies Association called Ontological Security and the Everyday, organised by Alexandra Homolar and Brent Steele, Baltimore February 2017. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Invited to present research on memorials to a workshop of the International Studies Association called Ontological Security and the Everyday, organised by Alexandra Homolar and Brent Steele, Baltimore February 2017.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Invited to present to the 'Consortium for Research on Terrorism and International Crime' speaker series, NUPI: Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, Oslo. 27th November 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Presented my research to an audience of postgraduate students and professional military/counter-terrorism practitioners at NUPI (Norwegian School of International Affairs) in Oslo. The event then involved a debate between myself and the top Norwegian scholar of terrorism, Thomas Hegghammer, on the critical vs traditional divide in terrorism studies. The audience asked many fine questions and debate was stirred.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Invited to produce expert commentary on resilience after the London terror attack for The Conversation website: "Resilience' and Rituals Bring People Together, but our True Reactions are More Complex' 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Invited to produce expert commentary on resilience after the London terror attack for The Conversation website: "Resilience' and Rituals Bring People Together, but our True Reactions are More Complex'
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
URL https://theconversation.com/resilience-and-rituals-bring-people-together-but-our-true-reactions-are-...
 
Description Keynote Speech - German Federal Education Agency 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact 7-8th October 2021 - Keynote address to the Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung conference on terrorism and extremism, Cologne, Germany.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Keynote speaker - 'Safeguarding Beyond the Care Act', ESRC seminar series event for researchers and practitioners, Keele University 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The PI of the ESRC seminar series 'Safeguarding Adults through Legal Literacy' invited me to deliver a keynote address as part of her 'Safeguarding Beyond the Care Act' event at Keele University, 17 Sept 2018. Over fifty social care practitioners listened to my research on Prevent in the NHS & Social Care, and asked questions.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description Keynote speaker - Critical Terrorism Studies conference at Oxford Brookes University, Sept 2019 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 4th-5th September 2019 - Invitation to deliver a keynote address to the Critical Terrorism Studies annual conference, Oxford Brookes University.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Media Interview with British Medical Journal print article 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact 24th Jan 2017 - contacted by Anne Gulland (journalist with British Medical Journal) to conduct an interview about Prevent Duty safeguarding in the NHS. Interview completed - awaiting publication of the feature in the British Medical Journal.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Media coverage of Policy Report 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact the 'Racism, Mental Illness and Pre-Crime Policing' report was launched in a webinar with 120 audience members from press, healthcare organisations, academics and health and social care staff. The Mind organisation joined the report authors on the panel. The report received media coverage on Sky News Article; Sky News Live Interview with Hilary Aked; Guardian Article; Mental Health Today Article; Al Jazeera Article
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://news.sky.com/story/counterterror-project-that-has-assessed-children-as-young-as-six-raises-s...
 
Description Organised an event for six schools at the British Museum on memorialisation and terrorism 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact 130 students attended an event I organised at the British Museum, London. Their activities included: a talk from myself on the memorialisation of terrorism, and an activity where they designed their own memorials to the Manchester and Westminster Bridge attacks to demonstrate their learning. The terrorism education charity 'Since 9/11' provided a speaker who educated the children on personal experiences of loss after terrorist events. Finally the children enjoyed a short tour of selected exhibits in the museum, before a discussion activity on imperial memory (and how the objects arrived in the Museum). Many of the schools have sent 'thank you notes', reporting that their students talked about the issues of memorialising terrorism for days afterwards. Lyng Hall school even dedicated a large part of their school newsletter to discussing the event and its learning impacts, which I've uploaded here: https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/people/heath-kelly/newsletter_11.01.19_lyng_hall.pdf
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/people/heath-kelly/newsletter_11.01.19_lyng_hall.pdf
 
Description Organised an interdisciplinary conference with Professor Cassam of the philosophy department at Warwick. The Epistemology of Counterterrorism was held on 12th May 2017, and we hosted delegates from around the UK and Ireland 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Organised an interdisciplinary conference with Professor Cassam of the philosophy department at Warwick. The Epistemology of Counterterrorism was held on 12th May 2017, and we hosted delegates from around the UK and Ireland
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
 
Description Organised an international conference: PAIS Impact conference, Nov 2016 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact I organised the postgraduate day at the PAIS impact conference of November 2016. Postgraduate students from all over the UK, and Europe, came to Warwick to receive expert advice on achieving research impact from governmental figures, researchers, and practitioners.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/research/impact/events/impactconference2016/
 
Description Postgraduate workshop on my research - Brighton Jan 2017 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact I gave a postgraduate workshop on my research to students of various humanities & arts departments at the University of Brighton.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
URL http://freeuniversitybrighton.org/events/death-and-myth-towards-a-biopolitics-of-memory/
 
Description Presentation to international policymakers 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact 7th December 2021 - Invited presentation for the EU Radicalisation Awareness Network. Policymaker learning event organised on Mental Health and EXIT programs in Europe.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Presentation to the Independent Prevent Review 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Third sector organisations
Results and Impact 14th September 2021 - Expert panel speaker for the People's Review of Prevent, on Prevent and Safeguarding. Then delivered a working paper on new developments for the People's Review.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Produced a research based op-ed for E-International Relations 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact 13 April 2016 - Produced free to access online article 'Counterterrorism in the NHS: 'Prevent takes to the Clinic' for E-International Relations
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL http://www.e-ir.info/2016/04/13/counterterrorism-in-the-nhs-the-prevent-strategy-takes-to-the-clinic...
 
Description Produced an op-ed on my research - The Conversation July 2016 
Form Of Engagement Activity A magazine, newsletter or online publication
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact July 6th 2016 - Invited to produce expert commentary for the eleventh anniversary of the London Bombings for The Conversation website: 'Why Refusing to Build Memorials to Terror Attacks is a Bold Political Statement'.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
URL https://theconversation.com/why-refusing-to-build-memorials-for-terror-attacks-is-a-bold-political-s...
 
Description Published 'Rebels Without a Cause? Safeguarding, Risk and Banality in the Prevent Strategy' as a blog post on The Disorder of Things. 21st December, 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Published a blog post analysing the Home Office statistics for Prevent referrals - focusing on the new category of 'mixed or unclear ideology'.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://thedisorderofthings.com/2018/12/21/rebels-without-a-cause-safeguarding-risk-and-banality-in-...
 
Description Published 'Terrorism, Autism and Mental Health' as a blog post for Discover Society. 5th June, 2018 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Published a blog post for the Discover Society issue on 'the Where of Prevent'. Practitioners retweeted the article.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://discoversociety.org/2018/06/05/terrorism-autism-and-mental-illness-in-the-uk-prevent-strateg...
 
Description Research Interview with Beatriz Rodrigues M Mendonca at Goldsmiths (journalism student) for project: 'ISIS; Global Acts of Unity (a project by Michael Haines) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Undertook an interview with Beatriz Rodrigues M Mendonca at Goldsmiths University (journalism student) for project: 'ISIS; Global Acts of Unity (a project by Michael Haines). When the project is complete, it will be pitched to Sunday Times Magazine in 2017.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description School Visit (Birmingham) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact I gave a research talk called 'Terrorism Across the Eras' to 25 Politics A-Level Students at Joseph Chamberlain Academy (Birmingham), which sparked questions and discussion afterwards, and was live-blogged on twitter by the University of Warwick's Widening Participation team.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016
 
Description Substantial coverage of research findings in The Guardian (print and website) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The Guardian dedicated substantial coverage to my research findings about the Prevent Duty in the NHS. They covered my research on page 5 of the print issue (19th March 2018) and on their website. The digital article has been shared 1,442 times to date.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
URL https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/mar/19/report-finds-some-nhs-mental-health-trusts-screening...
 
Description Wrote an article for The Conversation: New Counter-Terror Rules Give GPs Bizarre Incentives to Refer Mental Health Patients as Radicalisation Threat, 13 December 2017. 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Wrote an article for The Conversation: 'New Counter-Terror Rules Give GP's Bizarre Incentives to Refer Mental Health Patients as Radicalisation Threat', 13 December 2017.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2017
URL https://theconversation.com/new-counter-terror-rules-give-gps-bizarre-incentives-to-refer-mental-hea...
 
Description public lecture - University of Brighton Nov 2016 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact I gave a public lecture at the University of Brighton on my current research. I engaged with postgraduate students from a variety of academic departments and influenced the views of someone involved in the memorialisation of the Shoreham air disaster.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2016