Periods in a Pandemic: how UK period poverty initiatives are managing with Covid-19 related challenges
Lead Research Organisation:
Birmingham City University
Department Name: HELS Ctr for Health & Social Care Res
Abstract
Period poverty refers not only to economic hardship with accessing period products, but also to a poverty of education, resources, rights and freedom from stigma for girls and menstruators (1). Since March 2020, and the introduction of lockdown/social distancing measures as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, more than 1 of every 10 girls (aged 14-21) cannot afford period products and instead must use makeshift products (toilet roll, socks/other fabric, newspaper/paper). Nearly a quarter (22%) of those who can afford products struggle to access them, mostly because they cannot find them in the shops, or because their usual source/s is low on products/closed (2).
Community /non-profit initiatives face new challenges related to Covid-19 lockdown measures as they strive to continue to support those experiencing period poverty. Challenges include accessing stocks of period products, distribution of products given lockdown restrictions, availability of staff/volunteer assistance and the emergence of 'new' vulnerable groups. There is an urgent need to capture how initiatives are adapting to challenges, to continue to support the needs of those experiencing period poverty during the pandemic. This data is crucial to informing current practice, shaping policy, developing strategies within the ongoing crisis and any future crises, and ensuring women and girls' voices are centralised.
The project builds upon existing limited knowledge by providing insight into how UK based initiatives and projects are mitigating challenges linked to Covid-19, by examining how they are continuing to meet the needs of those experiencing period poverty and identifying any gaps in provision.
1. Montgomery P., et al., 2016. Menstruation and the Cycle of Poverty. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0166122.
2. Plan International UK, 2020. The State of Girls' Rights in the UK: Early insights into the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on girls. London: Plan International UK
Community /non-profit initiatives face new challenges related to Covid-19 lockdown measures as they strive to continue to support those experiencing period poverty. Challenges include accessing stocks of period products, distribution of products given lockdown restrictions, availability of staff/volunteer assistance and the emergence of 'new' vulnerable groups. There is an urgent need to capture how initiatives are adapting to challenges, to continue to support the needs of those experiencing period poverty during the pandemic. This data is crucial to informing current practice, shaping policy, developing strategies within the ongoing crisis and any future crises, and ensuring women and girls' voices are centralised.
The project builds upon existing limited knowledge by providing insight into how UK based initiatives and projects are mitigating challenges linked to Covid-19, by examining how they are continuing to meet the needs of those experiencing period poverty and identifying any gaps in provision.
1. Montgomery P., et al., 2016. Menstruation and the Cycle of Poverty. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0166122.
2. Plan International UK, 2020. The State of Girls' Rights in the UK: Early insights into the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on girls. London: Plan International UK
Organisations
| Description | Summary of key findings and the implications of the research, as per our final project report: https://bcuassets.blob.core.windows.net/docs/periods-in-a-pandemic-final-report-jan2022-132871415463701935.pdf Executive Summary The pandemic has led to: • The emergence of new groups of women, girls, and people who menstruate, experiencing period poverty (including students and NHS staff). • More women, girls, and people who menstruate, being unable to access products from their usual places due to supply shortages and hoarding. • The neglect of menstrual products as 'essential items' in care packages for those who were vulnerable and shielding. • The de-prioritisation of menstrual health education within primary and secondary schools. • Increased barriers to accessing menstrual health support and health care, linked to 'digital poverty' and changes to GP provision. Key opportunities that emerged as a result of the pandemic included: • An increase in the promotion and use of reusable menstrual products, particularly within school settings. • The provision of online menstrual health education training for school staff, increasing accessibility for those attending and delivering such training. • The ability to work from home (where possible), providing a more comfortable environment for some during their period. Implications of the project findings: Gender, Inequality & Austerity It is crucial to consider period poverty within wider political and economic contexts when discussing the impact of the pandemic. This project adds weight to the growing body of evidence of the pandemic's ongoing negative impact on both gender equality and economic justice. It illustrated the intersections of gender and poverty through its focus on period poverty, gender, and poverty. The findings provide insight into how the pandemic has not only increased financial difficulties related to period poverty, but also how the pandemic affected overall access to menstrual products, the provision of menstrual health education, and access to adequate menstrual health care. These are all aspects of period poverty that existed pre-pandemic, and are intrinsically linked to both gender inequality and austerity within the UK, worsened by Covid-19 related factors. The pandemic has not only affected the menstrual health needs of women, girls and people who menstruate, but it continues to impact the education, health and public services to support them. It has led to more limited access to facilities, funding and structural supports that policies provide. Thus leading to additional burdens and demands upon already overstretched services. Many of the UK-based organisations providing support for those experiencing period poverty are voluntary, non-profit organisations. These organisations are led by women and/or have a predominantly female volunteer base. There is a risk of entrenching what has been referred to as the 'triple jeopardy' faced by women. This is where women disproportionately lose public services, their jobs providing these services, and are left to pick up the service gap, unpaid. This reinforces the traditional gendered care burden, with the responsibility to care being placed on women's shoulders. Moreover, we need to be careful not to unintentionally add to racist narratives around the white woman's burden of care for racially and ethnically minoritised women in relation to period poverty in the UK context. This is an historical but influential narrative with roots in colonialism and the British Empire project. Its legacy is evident in approaches to period poverty that divide the global north and global south, perceiving period poverty to mainly be a problem of so-called "undeveloped" countries, which positions the global north as being better than and more developed than the global south. The findings from this project highlight the importance of challenging such narratives; there is a need to consider period poverty within the context of the global north and to be sensitive to problematic narratives of care that position white women as taking on the burden of care for racially and ethnically minoritised women. It is important to be sensitive to race as well as gender and socioeconomic status within the context of period poverty, and especially how these dimensions interact with one another to produce specific experiences of disadvantage A key limitation of the research was the lack of such marginalised voices around experiences of period poverty and providing period poverty initiatives, as participants were self-selected online. There is a need for further research that seeks to address this absence. Ongoing and future pandemic/s By sharing best practice throughout the duration of this project, we have been able to keep organisations up-to-date with how their colleagues across the UK have been mitigating Covid-19 challenges. Some organisations have since been in touch to further discuss new ways to improve their service provision, or to introduce support for those experiencing period poverty which was previously unavailable. Regular dissemination and working closely with the organisations that participated in this project has been crucial in ensuring that women, girls, and people who menstruate are supported during the pandemic. This report highlights not only barriers that have been encountered, but best practice that has been developed to continue to support those experiencing period poverty within the UK. It demonstrates how the needs of women, girls and people who menstruate must be included in policies that aim to tackle existing gender inequalities and poverty, and to reduce set-backs linked to the Covid-19 pandemic. We hope this report will be useful for those not only delivering menstrual health support, but for those involved in policy and strategy decisions, as the UK begins to tackle Covid-19 challenges and re-build. |
| Exploitation Route | Our report continues to be shared with those within relevant sectors across the UK, and our final Project Advisory Group closure meeting in March will look at other means of sharing the outcomes across the wider menstrual advocacy sector. We are also preparing to submit to academic, peer-reviewed journals. |
| Sectors | Education,Healthcare,Government, Democracy and Justice |
| URL | https://www.bcu.ac.uk/health-sciences/research/centre-for-social-care-health-and-related-research/research-projects/periods-in-a-pandemic |
| Description | Our research findings have been used to inform local and national policy and practice across England, helping to address period inequality, period poverty and wider menstrual health and wellbeing for women, girls and people who menstruate. Irise International have used our research to inform their UK work on period equality including: - working with Sheffield City Council to address period poverty, including passing a motion to create a Period Equality Charter for the city. The 'Smash the Stigma' campaign aims to address inequality and support women and girls to be healthy and reach their full potential, covering a range of menstrual health related issues from period poverty to menopause within the workplace: https://www.sheffield-labour-councillors.org/2022/10/10/labour-councillor-jayne-dunn-is-leading-a-sheffield-coalition-to-fight-the-stigma/ - supporting a national youth-led campaign to end period poverty and shame in UK schools: https://www.irise.org.uk/period-dignity-in-uk-schools Irise International is an award-winning global leader in period equality programming and advocacy, who brings together young people held back by their periods and their allies to create change in their own communities and in wider society. Irise International work in the UK and in East Africa in partnership with their sister organisation Irise Institute East Africa. Irise International have used our research to inform their UK work on period equality including: - working with Sheffield City Council to address period poverty, including passing a motion to create a Period Equality Charter for the city. The 'Smash the Stigma' campaign aims to address inequality and support women and girls to be healthy and reach their full potential, covering a range of menstrual health related issues from period poverty to menopause within the workplace: https://www.sheffield-labour-councillors.org/2022/10/10/labour-councillor-jayne-dunn-is-leading-a-sheffield-coalition-to-fight-the-stigma/ - supporting a national youth-led campaign to end period poverty and shame in UK schools: https://www.irise.org.uk/period-dignity-in-uk-schools |
| First Year Of Impact | 2022 |
| Sector | Communities and Social Services/Policy,Healthcare,Government, Democracy and Justice |
| Impact Types | Policy & public services |
| Description | Article for Economics Observatory: "How has coronavirus affected period poverty in the UK?" |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Policymakers/politicians |
| Results and Impact | Contacted by lead editor of Economics Observatory - https://www.economicsobservatory.com/ - which is a platform for analysis and evidence on the impact of COVID: The Economics Observatory (ECO) is a new project that bridges the gap between academic research, government policy and the general public. Our goal is to provide balanced and reliable answers to the economic questions that Covid-19 and its aftermath will bring. We make it our mission to make these answers as accessible and engaging as possible. The ECO team are drawn from across the countries and regions of the UK, with a hub in Bristol. By publishing daily articles, videos and charts, we believe ECO can help the public and policymakers better understand the pandemic and the numerous challenges that will follow. (taken from website) Gemma Williams (Project Lead) was invited to produce a piece on the project and any findings so far, as part of ECO's International Women's Day (8th March) focused articles, specifically highlighting the gender impacts of COVID. Gemma Williams is also now listed by ECO as an 'expert' on period poverty, that can be contacted by those interested in the issue. The article was published on 9/3/21 so impacts are not yet known. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.economicsobservatory.com/how-has-coronavirus-affected-period-poverty-in-the-uk |
| Description | Covid 19: An Unequal Impact? Birmingham City University conference presentation (9.7.21) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | We presented our interim phase 1 findings at Birmingham City University's ' Covid -19 - An Unequal Impact? Online Conference (9th July 2021). The conference aimed to share and discuss BCU's Covid linked research to date, look at the implications of findings and consider what they mean for the future as we look towards a 'new normal': What have we learned about ourselves, our students, our practice, our communities, our businesses, our wider society? Our "Periods in a Pandemic - how the UK continues to support those experiencing period poverty during Covid-19" session was attended by approx 30 staff and students. A post-conference report has been produced and shared within the organisation. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Free Radio interview (Black Country) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Interviewed by Free Radio "Government - not grassroots groups - should lead on tackling post-pandemic period poverty, says menstrual health expert" Aired on Black Country Drive Time on 10th March 2022, which is a prime time slot during rush hour (5pm) and will have reached a significant number of people within the West Midlands region - helped to increase awareness of period poverty. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | How is the cost of living crisis affecting period poverty in the UK? Economics Observatory article |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Approached by Economics Observatory to do a follow-up piece to the 2021 article: How has coronavirus affected period poverty in the UK? which outlined initial phase 1 findings of the project. Follow-up article includes data from completed project and examines the additional impact that the cost of living crisis could have upon women, girls and people who menstruate. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://www.economicsobservatory.com/how-is-the-cost-of-living-crisis-affecting-period-poverty-in-th... |
| Description | Irise's Menstrual Health Day Celebration and first ever Empower Period Award Ceremony |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | Invited to present key research findings at Irise's Menstrual Health Day Celebration, which Ruth Cadbury MP and Chair of the UK's All Party Parliamentary for Period Equality also attended and spoke to. A summary of the research presented at the event and the panel discussion that took place, focusing on next steps for period equality within the UK, was circulated with those who attended, key stakeholders and policy makers interested in the issue and shared on Irise International's website. There were 98 sign-ups for the event itself, who will have also received a copy of the summary and resources via email. These included representatives from the University of Sheffield, King's College London, Pandemic Periods, The Cabinet Office, Plan International UK, Proctor and Gamble, Girl Guiding, the Labour Lords Health and Social Care Team and Girl Friendly Society. Ruth Cadbury was part of the event and received copies of the proceedings. The research summary was also shared with Gillian Unsworth the Head of Gender and Workplace Equality at the cabinet office who is nominally responsible for the issue. Irise International have used that summary and the research to inform their UK work including: - working with Sheffield City Council to address period poverty, including passing a motion to create a Period Equality Charter For the city: https://www.sheffield-labour-councillors.org/2022/10/10/labour-councillor-jayne-dunn-is-leading-a-sheffield-coalition-to-fight-the-stigma/ - supporting a national youth-led campaign to end period poverty and shame in UK schools https://www.irise.org.uk/period-dignity-in-uk-schools |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://www.irise.org.uk/2022/07/whats-next-for-period-equality-in-the-uk/ |
| Description | Periods in a Pandemic - how Covid-19 has impacted those that have experienced 'period poverty' within the UK Online Event (20.1.22) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | On 20 January 2022, we held our final online dissemination event to share the findings of Birmingham City University's 'Periods in a Pandemic' research project, centring the voices and experiences of those that have been affected by period poverty during the pandemic within the UK. The event included presentations from 4 UK research projects that have looked into the impact of the pandemic upon period poverty and menstrual health, providing the most up to date insight into how women, girls and people who menstruate have been affected during this time: • Gemma Williams, Birmingham City University ('Periods in a Pandemic' Project Lead) • Victoria Abrahams, Freedom4Girls/ Black Women's Menstrual Health Project • Rachel Grocott, Bloody Good Period • Chloe McGuiness, Irise International/Freedom4Girls Our online dissemination event was attended by over 40 people across different sectors (public, education, health, activism) and feedback demonstrates ways that shared knowledge has improved awareness of the pandemic impact upon period poverty (some examples): "The information shared will useful when raising awareness of the impact of period poverty and the additional detrimental impact of the Covid pandemic." "some really interesting ways of thinking and approaches, interesting insights from research, great support in terms of charities etc, found out more about what women are suffering with, nice to hear there are people doing something about this issue too!" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://mega.nz/folder/L1gBDa4D#As1bV0g6LO6ZbBely6ugGg |
| Description | Periods in a Pandemic twitter account |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Other audiences |
| Results and Impact | We have set up a Twitter account for the project as a way to engage with people about the project. It will be used for recruitment to the study, as well as to disseminate findings and share details of planned engagement and dissemination events. @PandemicPeriod The account was launched in Feb 2021, and has 75 followers so far, with international reach. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://twitter.com/PandemicPeriod |
| Description | Periods in a Pandemic: UK research findings online event (26.5.21) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | On 26th May 2021, we held an online dissemination event to share the interim findings of Birmingham City University's 'Periods in a Pandemic' research project, and how UK projects and initiatives are continuing to support those experiencing period poverty during the pandemic. Speakers included the Project Lead, and representatives from some of the projects who took part in phase 1 of data collection. The event was designed to share knowledge and best practice of how projects have continued to support the needs of people experiencing period poverty during the pandemic, and was open to those within the menstrual advocacy sector, general public, academic institutions, policy makers and anyone else with an interest in addressing period poverty. Our online dissemination event was attended by over 40 people across different sectors (public, education, health, activism) and feedback demonstrates ways that shared knowledge has influenced practice regarding period poverty within the UK (some examples): "I have approached Senior management at the Students' Union, who have said we are going to raise it with the Officer Team" "I have purchased reusable period products and hope to record videos in Urdu and English to encourage Muslim women to use reusable period products thus support climate action and many sustainable development goals." "It was great to hear the preliminary findings and it gave me so many great ideas of grassroot activity going on to tackle period poverty to take into my own grassroots work" |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmQr5z3gBQQ |
| Description | Periods in a Pandemic: presentation to UK Menstrual Activists Meet Up (19.10.22) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | We were invited to do a 'bloody good takeover' of the UK's Menstrual Activists Meet Up Network meetings (hosted by Bloody Good Period) for the last 3 months of 2021, to present and discuss our menstruation research from several projects including the 'Periods in a Pandemic' findings: "Tuesday 19th October at 6.30pm - Session 1: "Then" . Periods in the Pandemic: findings from the frontlines. Gemma and Annalise present findings from surveys with those experiencing 'period poverty' during the pandemic and interviews with those working in the organisations seeking to meet their needs." Findings were shared with approx 40 people across menstruation-related sectors, including policy and practice, with international attendance. The session encouraged further sharing of best practice and discussion of the impact of the pandemic. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| Description | Press release to promote final project report and article in The Conversation |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Press release dated 11.2.22 to highlight the findings from our final project report, and the article published in The Conversation. We have since been contacted by Free Radio for an interview about the report findings (22.2.22) |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://www.bcu.ac.uk/news-events/news/government--not-grassroots-groups--should-lead-on-tackling-po... |
| Description | Press release to raise awareness of project |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Media (as a channel to the public) |
| Results and Impact | Birmingham City University produced and shared a press release in July 2020 to promote the project and raise awareness. It was posted on the BCU News website, and tweeted via BCU social media. The release was picked up by various versions of the Express & Star. Unfortunately, media clippings stored in our database have an expiry date (usually they are only retained for a month) so we cannot access the content (paper print versions of newspaper, not online articles.). Our metrics show the following: 29-07-2020 Express & Star (Staffordshire) (Circulation : 30000) Uni study looks at period poverty 29-07-2020 Express & Star (West Midlands) (Circulation : 31477) Uni study looks at period poverty 29-07-2020 Express & Star (Sandwell) (Circulation : 6437) Uni study looks at period poverty |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2020 |
| URL | https://www.bcu.ac.uk/news-events/news/new-research-to-investigate-period-poverty-during-coronavirus... |
| Description | Queen's University Belfast 'Gender, Activism, and Political Theory in Covid Times' online conference presentation (28.10.22) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | National |
| Primary Audience | Professional Practitioners |
| Results and Impact | Accepted abstract for conference presentation: Same Shit, Different Crisis: Feminist Anti-Austerity Activism & Period Poverty Initiatives in the Pandemic Annalise Weckesser (annalise.Weckesser@bcu.ac.uk); Emma Craddock (emma.craddock@bcu.ac.uk); Gemma Williams (gemma.williams@bcu.ac.uk); Women and feminist activists frequently respond to moments of crises by providing practical, material, and emotional support to those who need it, engendering a feminist 'ethic of care'. In response to austerity in the UK and gendered barriers and exclusions to anti-austerity activism, women formed their own feminist resistance, providing practical support for other women affected by the cuts (Craddock, 2020). However, while women often fill the public care gap created by the state in moments of crisis, they are at the same time hardest hit by the impacts of policies such as austerity, resulting in what the Fawcett Society (2012) have called the 'triple jeopardy'. Here, women not only lose their services and jobs providing these services, but are also expected to fill the newly created service gap, unpaid. This expectation reflects traditional gendered notions of caring being women's work, and reinforces traditional gendered boundaries between the public and private spheres, with the risk that previously public concerns are quietly subsumed, once again, into the private and assumed to be women's domain. Similarly, women have been impacted heavily by the Covid-19 pandemic, which has resulted in an increased, gendered, private and public care burden. Despite this, feminist activists have continued to provide much needed support in the form of Period Poverty initiatives. The pandemic has highlighted both the centrality of such voluntary and NGO initiatives, as well as their fragility, with Period Poverty initiatives coming under significant pressure in the current context. While the pandemic is often considered in isolation as an unprecedented moment in history, it is important to explore feminist activism in the wider context of austerity and neoliberal capitalism. We argue that rather than being a single issue campaign, action against period poverty forms part of the continuing resistance to austerity and its long-lasting effects. Building on Craddock's (2020) research and drawing on findings from a current ESRC-funded project exploring period poverty in the pandemic (led by Gemma Williams), this paper will explore the links between feminist anti-austerity activism and Period Poverty initiatives during the pandemic. It will consider both the ways in which moments of crises create space and opportunities for feminist organising, as well as the challenges faced by feminist activists within these spaces. Importantly, it will situate such challenges within the wider political context, exploring how such resistance can sometimes unwittingly reinforce dominant oppressive structures, becoming complicit with wider political projects of privatisation of services and the removal of state support. In this respect, feminist activism against austerity and period poverty can be read through both a hermeneutics of faith and suspicion (Levitas, 2012) where dominant ideologies are both reinterpreted and in some sense rescued, as well as critiqued and deconstructed. Moving forward, we contend that it is necessary to reveal and investigate these complexities and nuances of feminist activism, within the wider context of neoliberal capitalism in order to ensure that government attempts to 'Build Back Better' do not further entrench existing inequalities. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |
| URL | https://www.qub.ac.uk/schools/happ/Events/GenderActivismandPoliticalTheoryinCovidTimes.html |
| Description | The Conversation: "The pandemic made period poverty worse within the UK - but also led to new ways to combat it" article |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A magazine, newsletter or online publication |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | International |
| Primary Audience | Public/other audiences |
| Results and Impact | Article published in The Conversation, titled: "The pandemic made period poverty worse within the UK - but also led to new ways to combat it" which summarises key points from our final project report. The article has been shared via The Independent, and across other news media sources in Australia, UK, USA, Canada and other countries. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| URL | https://theconversation.com/the-pandemic-made-period-poverty-worse-in-the-uk-but-also-led-to-new-way... |
| Description | The Period Project Merseyside Menstrual Summit |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Regional |
| Primary Audience | Third sector organisations |
| Results and Impact | Invited to present project findings as part of The Period Project Merseyside's Menstrual Summit, as part of Menstrual Health and Hygiene Day. The summit included speakers from across the UK and part of the event was a focussed discussion on strategy and next steps in terms of UK menstrual health and period poverty strategy. The event was attended by menstrual health/menstruation researchers, non-profit organisations and those working within menstrual activism/advocacy areas. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2022 |
| Description | University of Manchester "Inequalities in Obstetrics and Gynaecology" online conference (3.7.21) |
| Form Of Engagement Activity | A talk or presentation |
| Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
| Geographic Reach | Local |
| Primary Audience | Undergraduate students |
| Results and Impact | We presented our phase 1 interim findings at University of Manchester's "Inequalities in Obstetrics and Gynaecology" online conference, 3rd July 2021, which was organised by their Obstetrics and Gynaecology Society. The main audience was students at the university, predominantly with an interest in Obstetrics and Gynaecology and/or members of the Society. Approximately 40 people attended the session. |
| Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2021 |