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Upgrading Magnetoencephalography (MEG) system with Internal Helium Recycler (IHR)

Lead Research Organisation: University of Ulster
Department Name: Sch of Computing & Intelligent Systems

Abstract

TMagnetoencephalography (MEG) is based on detection of tiny magnetic fields produced by electrical activity within the brain. MEG scanners require superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) bathed in a liquid Helium cooling unit to detect and amplify magnetic fields generated by neurons, in the space above the scalp. There is currently severe global Helium shortage making researchers requiring liquid Helium shut down their equipment. At Ulster University's Northern Ireland Functional Brain Mapping (NIFBM) facility, the supplier (BOC) has occasionally been unable to source the helium we require - forcing us to temporarily shut down the MEG system resulting in interruption of research and substantial restart costs (up to Euro 19k). We propose to purchase MEGIN's internal helium recycler (IHR), as it creates a closed-cycle supercooling system, requiring no weekly Helium refills, relieving research staff and reducing risks associated with storing Helium cylinders, i.e., explosion, oxygen depletion on leakage and 'ice burn' during transfer. MEGIN's IHR upgrade is the only Helium recycler technology capable of offering zero loss Helium recycling and integrate fully with the medical grade Triux MEG system.

MEG functional brain mapping is used to study information processing in the brain in order to understand the neural basis of developmental disorders, psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, memory, attention, emotion, language and social cognition. It is also employed to locate epileptogenic zone(s) and to perform pre-surgical mapping of visual, auditory, somatosensory and motor cortices, and language functional areas of epilepsy patients going forward for surgical treatment. NIFBM is the only such facility in Ireland. An IHR upgrade eliminates the dependence on frequent (unreliable) deliveries of Helium. Consequently, research programmes can be planned well in advance and managed regularly. This is particularly important when dealing with vulnerable groups, such as stroke victims and patients with Alzheimer Disease (AD). Even a couple of weeks delay can cause problems for the study design and moreover, these participants require assistance to attend, thus enhancing the need for planning.

Technical Summary

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is based on detection of tiny magnetic fields produced by electrical activity within the brain. MEG scanners require superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) bathed in a liquid Helium cooling unit to detect and amplify magnetic fields generated by neurons, in the space above the scalp. There is currently severe global Helium shortage making researchers requiring liquid Helium shut down their equipment. At Ulster University's Northern Ireland Functional Brain Mapping (NIFBM) facility, the supplier (BOC) has occasionally been unable to source the helium we require - forcing us to temporarily shut down the MEG system resulting in interruption of research and substantial restart costs. We propose to purchase MEGIN's internal helium recycler (IHR), as MEGIN's IHR upgrade is the only Helium recycler technology capable of offering zero loss Helium recycling and integrate fully with the medical grade Triux MEG system, requiring no weekly Helium refills and reducing risks associated with storing Helium cylinders, i.e., explosion, oxygen depletion and 'ice burn'.

MEG functional brain mapping is used to study information processing in the brain in order to understand the neural basis of developmental disorders, psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, memory, attention, emotion, language and social cognition. It is also employed to locate epileptogenic zone(s) and to perform pre-surgical mapping of visual, auditory, somatosensory and motor cortices, and language functional areas of epilepsy patients going forward for surgical treatment. An IHR upgrade eliminates the dependence on frequent (unreliable) deliveries of Helium. Consequently, research programmes can be planned well in advance and managed regularly. This is particularly important when dealing with vulnerable groups, such as stroke victims. Even a couple of weeks delay can cause problems for the study design, thus enhancing the need for planning.

Publications

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Nara S (2024) Visual angles and emotional valence affect temporal dynamics of neural representations of facial expression: An MEG study. in IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

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Philip B (2024) A Hybrid RNN-CNN based Motor Imagery Tasks Classification Approach Using MEG Brain Signals for BCI Applications in BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience

 
Description A Brain-Computer Interface driven Mental Fatigue Monitoring System to improve Stroke Rehabilitation Therapy
Amount £37,689 (GBP)
Funding ID UU/IC2/ISPF/025 
Organisation Department for the Economy, Northern Ireland 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 07/2024 
End 03/2025
 
Description A UK-LMIC Research Network for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ULMiRN-ASD)
Amount £26,130 (GBP)
Funding ID UU/IC/ISPF/030 
Organisation Department for the Economy, Northern Ireland 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2024 
End 03/2024
 
Description Patient and Public Involvement in Developing Accessible Stroke Rehabilitation Technology
Amount £15,505 (GBP)
Funding ID UU/IC/ISPF/026 
Organisation Department for the Economy, Northern Ireland 
Sector Public
Country United Kingdom
Start 01/2024 
End 03/2024
 
Description A UK-LMIC Research Network for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ULMiRN-ASD) 
Organisation All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Country India 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ULMiRN-ASD project is funded by NI's Department for Economy (DfE) through the International Science Partnerships Fund (ISPF) which supports collaborations between UK researchers and innovators and their peers from around the world. ASD research in general involves experts from multiple disciplines such as computer science, medical research, neuroscience, neurotechnology and experimental psychology. Through the in-person meeting at IITKORC, NOIDA, it is aimed to find common threads to work upon as a team, towards discovering neuro-markers for early detection of ASD. As the meeting involved NGO-representatives, and parents/caregivers of children with ASD, it should help each side understand the expectations of others. This should help bridge the gap between academia and affected social segment. The network will also indulge in multi-site administration of Indian Affective Picture Database (IAPD) in India and possibly other countries on neurotypical and ASD children and obtain behavioural data. At Ulster University (UK), we plan to obtain MEG scans of both groups of children, analyse the data; obtain baseline neuromarker for neurotypical and ASD children and use this to create a preliminary system to diagnose the intensity/stage of ASD. Put together, the statistical validation of the multi-site behavioural data will help evolve a culture-fair version of IAPD and the MEG data will help obtain baseline neuromarker for both the groups of children.
Collaborator Contribution Indian partner IITK helped organise the in-person meeting at IITKORC, NOIDA, aimed to find common threads to work upon as a team, towards discovering neuro-markers for early detection of ASD. As the meeting involved NGO-representatives, and parents/caregivers of children with ASD, it should help each side understand the expectations of others. This should help bridge the gap between academia and affected social segment. The network will also indulge in multi-site administration of Indian Affective Picture Database (IAPD) in India and possibly other countries on neurotypical and ASD children and obtain behavioural data. At Ulster University (UK), we plan to obtain MEG scans of both groups of children, analyse the data; obtain baseline neuromarker for neurotypical and ASD children and use this to create a preliminary system to diagnose the intensity/stage of ASD. Put together, the statistical validation of the multi-site behavioural data will help evolve a culture-fair version of IAPD and the MEG data will help obtain baseline neuromarker for both the groups of children.
Impact Two workshops were held. The following was held in NOIDA India. UK-LMIC Research Network for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ULMiRN-ASD), March 2 - 3, 2024, IITKORC, NOIDA, India. The second was a follow up workshop held virtually.
Start Year 2024
 
Description A UK-LMIC Research Network for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ULMiRN-ASD) 
Organisation Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Country India 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution The ULMiRN-ASD project is funded by NI's Department for Economy (DfE) through the International Science Partnerships Fund (ISPF) which supports collaborations between UK researchers and innovators and their peers from around the world. ASD research in general involves experts from multiple disciplines such as computer science, medical research, neuroscience, neurotechnology and experimental psychology. Through the in-person meeting at IITKORC, NOIDA, it is aimed to find common threads to work upon as a team, towards discovering neuro-markers for early detection of ASD. As the meeting involved NGO-representatives, and parents/caregivers of children with ASD, it should help each side understand the expectations of others. This should help bridge the gap between academia and affected social segment. The network will also indulge in multi-site administration of Indian Affective Picture Database (IAPD) in India and possibly other countries on neurotypical and ASD children and obtain behavioural data. At Ulster University (UK), we plan to obtain MEG scans of both groups of children, analyse the data; obtain baseline neuromarker for neurotypical and ASD children and use this to create a preliminary system to diagnose the intensity/stage of ASD. Put together, the statistical validation of the multi-site behavioural data will help evolve a culture-fair version of IAPD and the MEG data will help obtain baseline neuromarker for both the groups of children.
Collaborator Contribution Indian partner IITK helped organise the in-person meeting at IITKORC, NOIDA, aimed to find common threads to work upon as a team, towards discovering neuro-markers for early detection of ASD. As the meeting involved NGO-representatives, and parents/caregivers of children with ASD, it should help each side understand the expectations of others. This should help bridge the gap between academia and affected social segment. The network will also indulge in multi-site administration of Indian Affective Picture Database (IAPD) in India and possibly other countries on neurotypical and ASD children and obtain behavioural data. At Ulster University (UK), we plan to obtain MEG scans of both groups of children, analyse the data; obtain baseline neuromarker for neurotypical and ASD children and use this to create a preliminary system to diagnose the intensity/stage of ASD. Put together, the statistical validation of the multi-site behavioural data will help evolve a culture-fair version of IAPD and the MEG data will help obtain baseline neuromarker for both the groups of children.
Impact Two workshops were held. The following was held in NOIDA India. UK-LMIC Research Network for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ULMiRN-ASD), March 2 - 3, 2024, IITKORC, NOIDA, India. The second was a follow up workshop held virtually.
Start Year 2024
 
Description International college delegate: Goodenough College 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact The city council arranged a tour of our facilities for a group of international students from Goodenough College during a visit to the local city. Such ties with our local city council enables outreach activities such as this from a diverse range of organisations.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
 
Description International visit: Consul General of China 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact Facility tours such as this are common when the university have groups of high profile visitors. They are to demonstrate the breadth of facilities and research on offer to international groups.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
 
Description Interview for the Interview World: https://theinterview.world/bridging-minds-machines-through-brain-computer-interfaces/ 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact https://theinterview.world/bridging-minds-machines-through-brain-computer-interfaces/

The interview was conducted by The Interview World, on March 2 - 3, 2024, at IIT Kanpur Outreach Centre, C-20/1A/8 Block C, Sector 62, NOIDA, India. The Interview World is a premier online destination for exclusive interviews spanning diverse domains. It is the media venture of Ascendify Matrix Pvt. Ltd.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024
URL https://theinterview.world/bridging-minds-machines-through-brain-computer-interfaces/
 
Description Research visit: Regional Health service trust 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact We have working relationships with the regional health service trusts in our research activities and would invite the local professionals to view the facility to strengthen existing relationships and also create new ones.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023,2024
 
Description School visit: Outreach - Computer Science Education Week (St Marys College) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an open day or visit at my research institution
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Schools
Results and Impact We at the Intelligent Systems Research Centre have a strong connection with local schools and colleges, particularly with those with a strong STEM theme. We have regular tours of the facility with these schools. We invite schools for a tour of the lab facility, demonstration, and a question and answer session. The school reports increased awareness of the pupils of STEM-related careers local in the community. We normally receive around 20 to 30 students taking part in the tours.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2024