Aquaculture Directed Knowledge Exchange Fellowship

Lead Research Organisation: Scottish Association For Marine Science
Department Name: Contracts Office

Abstract

With the global population expected to rise to 9.6 billion by 2050, there is increasing pressure for aquaculture to meet the rising demand, while maintaining sustainability and food security standards. While European aquaculture has been struggling to maintain competitiveness, at a UK level research investment has dropped considerably, until the recent joint BBSRC-NERC initiative. Prior funding has largely focused on salmonids and shellfish, mainly spanning the areas of disease or environmental impact, often focusing on Scotland but not fully covering the breadth of strategic needs of the sector. Furthermore, there is often a decoupling between basic research funded by research councils and industrially applied research. Moreover, the impact of basic research has been further limited by inadequate mechanisms for knowledge exchange between academia and industry. This KEF will build the know-how for effective information exchange and research translation by connecting the actors within the aquaculture value chain. The fellow will work closely with research and industry, to identify knowledge needs, promote collaborations, disseminate BBRSC-NERC funded research and improve public perception of aquaculture.
A key deliverable and enabling tool will be an innovative and intuitive web-based, user-friendly visual database that maps the UK aquaculture sector, thereby connecting stakeholders and their areas of activity and interest. Further, the Fellow will create and publish 'Research Profiles', on department/institute specific research track records, and 'Company Profiles', on company's key activities and research interests. Another key activity will be the development of an 'International research network map', based on academia's connections with international partners so contacts are easily identified. These tools will provide the industry with information on potential partners, which can answer its R&D needs and will also foster the development of networks to access to EU funding schemes and international expertise.
The Fellow will advance the development of the UK aquaculture network, by meeting and developing contacts with industry, trade/advisory bodies and academia, and will bring stakeholders together through innovative ways in a sector-wide conference 'Connecting UK Aquaculture'. The fellow will organise an industry-focused workshop 'UK Aquaculture: key knowledge needs and gaps' and develop a strategy document on aquaculture research and investment priorities from a stakeholder's perspective, to inform and engage funders and policymakers.
This KEF will support the dissemination of BBSRC-NERC research through 'Research Bulletins' to industry and the creation and public dissemination of a series of videos explaining BBSRC-NERC research '@UKAquacultureResearchExplained'. The third pillar of the fellowship is assessing the public attitudes and perception of aquaculture and the development of recommendations to enhance public appreciation, which will be disseminated to funders, policymakers and industry. UK aquaculture best practices and success stories will be promoted through press releases, media engagement, social media, and an interactive web-presence. A series of digital materials for education and outreach in aquaculture will be created and widely disseminated to schools throughout the UK.
By these combined approaches, the Fellow will promote collaboration opportunities between industry and academia, while facilitating informed governance and research funding, supporting the uptake of research by businesses and improving public perception of aquaculture. The impact of the activities started during this programme will extend post-fellowship, supporting the sector's competitiveness and internationalisation through an increased focus on innovation and industry-relevant research, enhanced synergy between industry and academia, and towards the sustainable development of UK aquaculture.
 
Description Work undertaken in past years has helped to uncover both public and community perception of aquaculture and aquaculture products in the UK. It has increased our awareness of people's perception of aquaculture, main conceptions and perceptions of risk/benefits of different production methods, role of ambivalence and involvement, as well as sources of information and pathways to improved communication. Results have been submitted to DEFRA's call for evidence, presented at international fora and to the UK/EU industry, supported follow-on grant applications and publication writing. The engagement actions have also brokered links between stakeholders, with activities supporting community building within UK aquaculture and aquaculture's increased presence in wider food system discussions and funding programmes.
Exploitation Route Further to the points covered on the 'Narrative Description' on how outputs are currently being disseminated and continue to be used; given the dramatic changes in UK aquaculture in the recent years (in light of COVID-19, BREXIT and other societal shifts), the fellowship's knowledge exchange role has evolved and focused efforts on fostering capacity and brokering links within the UK sector, supporting industry-led and stakeholder initiatives in a way that is flexible and relevant to the current needs and context of UK aquaculture, further harnessing the power on online tools for engagement. This research could also inform government and NGOs information campaigns on aquaculture and seafood and had been shared widely with non-academic stakeholders.
Sectors Agriculture, Food and Drink

 
Description The results from the research on public perception of aquaculture have been discussed with aquaculture producers at industry fora, exploring pathways to use this information to improve communication with the public and CSR policies (some have been cited in industry outlets). These have also been used to inform policy-makers (eg., EU level) and regulators (eg., UK level) on the public knowledge and perception of aquaculture and pathways to engagement. We have further discussed the findings with retailers to inform sourcing and communication choices, as well as certification bodies to inform their processes. Discussions have also included investors, to explore how these could be used for de-risking aquaculture and minimise investment fears and NGOs with an interest on sustainable aquaculture. This work is still ongoing. The findings from this work have also gone to support a number of follow on grant applications and awards, which continue to build on this core knowledge and fellowship initiatives.
First Year Of Impact 2018
Sector Agriculture, Food and Drink
Impact Types Societal

 
Description EIT-Food MOOC on 'Sustainable Seafood: Barriers and Opportunities in the Fishing Industry'
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact The aim of the EIT-MOOC was to allow participants to 'dive into the environmental and social impacts of different fishing practices and discover sustainable approaches and innovations.' The interview given highlighted some of the ethical debates and issues associated with fish welfare in aquaculture, from the aspects of public perception but also with some notes on productivity, and served to set the tone to that section of the MOOC looking the challenges of aquaculture management and the importance of fish welfare. The interview aimed to invite the students to reflect, debate and share their own views and perspectives the topics.
 
Description Franco 2020. 'Aquaculture through the public lens: Exploring perceived issues and concerns'. Invited talk. Seafish's Aquaculture Common Issues (Seafish-ACIG). Bite-size session on 'Telling the story of responsibly farmed seafood' (industry and policy stakeholders), August, 5. Online.
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact Two mentions/citation to the presentation/results in industry articles: • Mention to research findings on the public perception of aquaculture in the article 'Present and future seafood? Where will it come from and what do consumers think' at the Fish Farmer Magazine (September 2020 issue), published September 15th, 2020. [https://issuu.com/fishfarmermagazine/docs/fish_farmer_september_2020] • Mention to research findings on the public perception of aquaculture in 'The great mussel debate: What's wild, what's farmed and what certification scheme fits the bill?' article in the Global Aquaculture Advocate (Global Aquaculture Alliance), published October 26th, 2020. [https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/the-great-mussel-debate-whats-wild-whats-farmed-and-what-certification-scheme-fits-the-bill/
URL https://www.seafish.org/document/?id=41C3BDC6-339D-4F8E-AEAE-B93AF892BD59
 
Description Franco S.C., Keane J.B., Scott-Brown A.S., Wade R., O'Connor R.S. (2020). Multifunctional landscapes in the UK: tools for policy and practice. Report produced for the Global Food Security Programme. March 2020. 15 pp. Available online at www.foodsecurity.ac.uk/publications/multifunctional-landscapes-in-the-uk.pdf
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
URL http://www.foodsecurity.ac.uk/publications/multifunctional-landscapes-in-the-uk.pdf
 
Description Franco SC. 2019. What do people think of aquaculture? Exploring routes to action. Invited talk. Federation of European Aquaculture Producers. November, 21 (Brussels, Belgium). & follow up actions
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact This invited talk has resulted in different of follow up discussions with European Aquaculture Producers, exploring pathways to implement change on the way growers communicate with the public, with several informing that they intend to change how they currently engage with public and communities. Impact will likely take time to materialise into change in practice, but work is ongoing with various producers to explore how to use the research findings.
 
Description Franco et al. 2019. The National Food Strategy. PERCEPT 'Towards improved communication in aquaculture: exploring perceptions and attitudes' - Submission to the Defra National Food Strategy call for evidence.
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Contribution to a national consultation/review
 
Description Franco, 2019. Towards improved communication in aquaculture: Exploring perceptions and attitudes to aquaculture and its products. Invited talk. Aquaculture Leadership Group - Seafood 2040 (industry and policy stakeholders), November, 15. London (UK)
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
URL https://www.seafish.org/article/aquaculture-leadership-group
 
Description Interview by Bayliss-Brown G. for the Irish Aquaculture Technology and Innovation Platform (IATiP) on findings on the public perception of aquaculture.
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
URL https://iatip.ie/resources/interviews/sofiafranco/
 
Description Lecture for EIT-Food Inspire Programme - Sustainable Aquaculture Autumn/Winter Schools
Geographic Reach Europe 
Policy Influence Type Influenced training of practitioners or researchers
Impact The aim of the EIT Sustainable Aquaculture autumn (2021) and winter (2022) schools was 'to provide an overview of aquaculture production in Europe, showcase the worldwide opportunities, outline the current barriers and facilitators to production, and encourage talented recruits and aspiring entrepreneurs into the sector and to create innovative solutions to address the challenges to production' (from EIT webpage). The session delivered on public perception of Aquaculture, explored how businesses should consider their responsibilities as curators of responsible businesses and how their actions shape public perception of aquaculture operations. It was infrromed by findings of the Diverseafood project and Aquaculture KE Fellowship. SESSION ABSTRACT: Understanding how aquaculture and farmed seafood is perceived by society is essential to aquaculture businesses' social acceptance, from entrepreneurs seeking external funding or developing branding strategies, to established businesses looking to improve community engagement or market penetration. This talk will discuss the current knowledge on public perception of aquaculture, social license to operate and factors modulating attitudes to seafood. It will examine aspects such as the differences in perception between aquaculture production systems/species or the relevance of socio-ecological sustainability themes and product attributes. It provides an opportunity for participants to reflect on the factors influencing social acceptance of aquaculture operations and farmed seafood and to discuss potential approaches to develop socially acceptable aquaculture businesses and products.
URL https://www.eitfood.eu/projects/inspire/sustainable-aquaculture
 
Description Seafish's Expert Group
Geographic Reach National 
Policy Influence Type Participation in a guidance/advisory committee
 
Description Evaluation of the 'Salmon in Schools' project (Franco & de Roos - PIs)
Amount £7,000 (GBP)
Organisation Scottish Aquaculture Innovation Centre 
Sector Multiple
Country United Kingdom
Start 06/2021 
End 09/2022
 
Description Guidance on Social licence to operate for UK Seaweed cultivation (Billing - PI)
Amount £74,000 (GBP)
Organisation World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF UK) 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United Kingdom
Start 06/2021 
End 12/2022
 
Description 'ATTAIN+ Agri-food Innovation Network+' Network plus proposal 
Organisation University of York
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Choudhary S (UoYork, Lead Investigator) et al. ATTAIN+ Agri-food Innovation Network+. Application in 2022 to UKRI (multiple research councils) - Call: Build a network to research sustainable agri-food for net zero https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/build-a-network-to-research-sustainable-agri-food-for-net-zero/
Collaborator Contribution (see above)
Impact Research proposal submitted.
Start Year 2021
 
Description 'Sustainable management of UK aquaculture through a One Health lens (Aqua-OH)' Project proposal 
Organisation Marine Scotland Science (MSS)
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution Mabon L. (PI), Hughes A., Cottier-Cook E., Adams T., Benjamins S., Burrows M., Aleynik D., Franco S.C., Campbell I. (SAMS), Toma L., McVittie A., Revoredo-Giha C., Akaichi F, Barnes A, Barratt A., Boerlage A. (SRUC), Murray A., Moriarty M., Ives S. (Marine Scotland Science). Sustainable management of UK aquaculture through a One Health lens (Aqua-OH). Research proposal submitted to NERC/ESRC. https://nerc.ukri.org/research/funded/programmes/marine-resources/news/announcement-of-opportunity-sustainable-management-of-uk-marine-resources/smmr-ao/
Collaborator Contribution (see above)
Impact Research proposal submitted.
Start Year 2020
 
Description 'Sustainable management of UK aquaculture through a One Health lens (Aqua-OH)' Project proposal 
Organisation Scotland's Rural College
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Mabon L. (PI), Hughes A., Cottier-Cook E., Adams T., Benjamins S., Burrows M., Aleynik D., Franco S.C., Campbell I. (SAMS), Toma L., McVittie A., Revoredo-Giha C., Akaichi F, Barnes A, Barratt A., Boerlage A. (SRUC), Murray A., Moriarty M., Ives S. (Marine Scotland Science). Sustainable management of UK aquaculture through a One Health lens (Aqua-OH). Research proposal submitted to NERC/ESRC. https://nerc.ukri.org/research/funded/programmes/marine-resources/news/announcement-of-opportunity-sustainable-management-of-uk-marine-resources/smmr-ao/
Collaborator Contribution (see above)
Impact Research proposal submitted.
Start Year 2020
 
Description FOOD Systems Training Excellence and Research Studentships (FOODSTERS) - CTD proposal 
Organisation University of Edinburgh
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution Baggs L. (University of Edinburgh; PI), et al. FOOD Systems Training Excellence and Research Studentships (FOODSTERS). Application for a Centre of Doctoral Training in Food Systems - Strategic Priorities Fund call. Submitted June 2020 to BBSRC (in partnership with ESRC, MRC, NERC, Defra, DHSC, PHE, Innovate UK and FSA). https://bbsrc.ukri.org/documents/strategic-priorities-fund-centre-of-doctoral-training-cdt-in-food-systems-call-text/
Collaborator Contribution (see above)
Impact CTD proposal submitted.
Start Year 2020
 
Description Factors affecting attitudes towards aquaculture (KEF-UPC) 
Organisation Polytechnic University of Catalonia
Country Spain 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution This collaboration (since Dec. 2017) aims to compare attitudes towards aquaculture in the UK and Spain and which factors modulate these, in both informed and non-informed subjects. This research will gather information about consumers and which factors are used to shape attitudes towards aquaculture, and whether this varies according to knowledge of aquaculture. It has the potential to impact how businesses communicate with the public, towards a higher public understanding of aquaculture. The fellow has run focus groups in Newcastle and Oban, with results jointly analysed with UPCs and drafted for publication.
Collaborator Contribution The collaborators have planned the study, ran another two focus group in Barcelona and processed the results, with joint data analysis and writing up.
Impact Outputs: in progress
Start Year 2017
 
Description BBC Food Fest - Scotland. Series 1: Episode 4 Glasgow. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Interviewed by Julie Lin in 2022 for a piece on affordable seafood for inclusion on the BBC Food Fest series. The piece is part of the BBC Food Fest - Scotland. Series 1: Episode 4 Glasgow. Broadcasted on BBC One and Scotland on February 6th and 23rd, 2023. Accessible on the BBC iplayer until 06/02/2024.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/p0dysvs7/food-fest-scotland-series-1-4-glasgow
 
Description Franco S.C., Clark B., Scheulter H., Kuznesof S. 2020. Public perception and acceptance of aquaculture and farmed seafood in Europe. Oral presentation. Aquaculture Europe 2020. 12-15 April 2021. Online. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact The oral presentation at Aquaculture Europe 2020 at the request of the industry had the purpose was to disseminate the results of the systematic review, on the perception and acceptance of aquaculture and farmed seafood in Europe, developed within this project. This is both an academic conference and trade show, attended by >2000 participants and >50 countries.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020,2021
URL https://aquaeas.org/Meeting/AE2020
 
Description Franco SC, Billing S, Charalambides G, Aquaculture businesses during COVID-19: A UK case study. ePoster. Markets and Consumers. Aquaculture Europe 2021. 4-7 October. Madeira, Portugal. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Franco et al. (2021) e-Poster at Aquaculture Europe 2021 ('Markets and Consumers' session), aimed at disseminating RiseUp findings relevant to the impact of COVID-19 on UK aquaculture businesses. AE21 is and academic conference and trade show, attended by >1400 participants from 57 countries.

e-Poster link: https://aquaeas.org/PosterViewer/Home/Index/220730
Reference: Franco SC, Billing S, Charalambides G, Aquaculture businesses during COVID-19: A UK case study. ePoster. Markets and Consumers. Aquaculture Europe 2021. 4-7 October. Madeira, Portugal.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://aquaeas.org/PosterViewer/Home/Index/220730
 
Description Franco et al. Towards improved communication in aquaculture: exploring consumers' perceptions and attitudes. Aquaculture Europe. 7-10 Oct. 2019, Berlin. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Other audiences
Results and Impact Franco et al. Towards improved communication in aquaculture: exploring consumers' perceptions and attitudes. Aquaculture Europe. 7-10 Oct. 2019, Berlin.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://www.was.org/AquaEas/Program/SessionDetail/42
 
Description Franco, 2019. Challenges to the diversification of aquaculture: the UK case study. Invited talk. Aquaculture of Invertebrates and diversification - AQUAPOLLIS+ Public event. December, 9. Sines (Portugal) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Public event on aquaculture diversification, organised by CIEMAR's AQUAPOLLIS+, with the goal to discuss potential and challenges to aquaculture diversification with the public, policy-makers and business. An invited talk was given, followed by a panel discussion, in an overall well attended event (circa 50-60 members of the public).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://www.ciemar.uevora.pt/informacoes/eventos/(item)/28656
 
Description Franco, 2020. Changing the tide in aquaculture: lessons from nature for seafood resilience. Blog post for the Global Food Security Programme. February, 27. Available online at https://www.foodsecurity.ac.uk/blog/changing-the-tide-in-aquaculture-lessons-from-nature-for-seafood-resilience/ 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Blog post for GFS intended to introduce the key topics being addressed in Deiverseafood, as well as relevance of the resilience thinking in aquaculture management and policy. Requests for interviews have followed the publication of this post (this is currently being followed up).
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.foodsecurity.ac.uk/blog/changing-the-tide-in-aquaculture-lessons-from-nature-for-seafood...
 
Description Franco, 2020. What do you want from research? Interactive talk & session chair. Scottish Seaweed Industry Association Annual Conference. February, 19. Oban (UK) 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact Guided discussion and interactive talk with attendees of the Scottish Seaweed Industry Association Annual Conference to discuss the seaweed's industry research needs, challenges and how can academia better address these.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.menti.com/eh9wtpq24z
 
Description Quoted in BBC Science Focus feature article 'What if we banned fisheries?' (18.Feb.2020) by Hayley Benett, following interview. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Quoted in BBC Science Focus feature article 'What if we banned fisheries?' (18.Feb.2020) by Hayley Benett, following interview with the journalist on the role of aquaculture in global food security, current developments, prospects and challenges. BBC Science Focus is the UK's best-selling science and technology monthly magazine, with 295K of print Readership, 58.3K of print Circulation and average readership age of 43.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.sciencefocus.com/planet-earth/what-if-we-banned-fishing/
 
Description Response to media enquiry on aquaculture/marine science topics for BBC Blue Planet. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Response to media enquiry and interview on possible aquaculture/marine science topics for BBC Blue Planet, to be considered by editorial/production team.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Stakeholder workshop and report - 'Building Back Better for increased resilience of the UK food system to future shocks' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact UKRI-organised workshop - 'Building Back Better for increased resilience of the UK food system to future shocks' (July 2020 ) to explore what a more resilient UK food system would look like, and what types of shocks the UK food system could face in the future, and how UKRI could support the research and innovation needed to enhance the resilience of the UK food system. This 'Building back better for increased resilience of the UK food system to future shocks' report brings together the findings from this workshop and has been published by the GFS Programme here: [https://www.foodsecurity.ac.uk/news/building-back-better-how-can-we-increase-the-resilience-of-the-uk-food-system/]
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.foodsecurity.ac.uk/news/building-back-better-how-can-we-increase-the-resilience-of-the-u...
 
Description UN Food Systems Summit Independent Dialogue - Nutrition: Bridging the gap between farm to fork for improved health and resilience in a changing environment 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact "Improving nutrition and food-related health outcomes while building resilience into the food system requires a multisectoral approach to understand the transfer of nutrients through the agricultural system* from soil to food to human health. However, integrating research across these sectors and translating this research into impact is a significant challenge.*agricultural system includes horticulture, arable crops, livestock, fisheries/aquaculture and non-traditional food production methods. UKRI-BBSRC is convening a dialogue which will bring together diverse research communities and stakeholders to identify the challenges and opportunities for research and innovation, and to discuss science solutions to bridge the gap between agriculture and health by preserving nutrition across the food chain and support the building of a resilient global food system that is sensitive to nutritional and environmental outcomes and social inequalities. The dialogue will be a virtual workshop on Zoom starting with a series of three scene setting presentations - highlighting unknowns, evidence gaps, challenges and emerging areas to facilitate open discussions. They are framed around the following questions:
- What is a healthy, nutritious diet for population and planetary health?
- How can we improve linkages between agriculture and health research to produce an affordable, accessible and nutritious diet for all that is sustainable in a changing environment?
- What is the role of research and innovation in improving the nutrition quality of food in a changing environment?
This will be followed by breakout groups to discuss the challenges in more detail. The meeting will conclude with a plenary discussion between the facilitators of the breakout groups, bringing together the key points raised from each group"

Source: https://summitdialogues.org/dialogue/29617/ (event webpage)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://summitdialogues.org/dialogue/29617/official-feedback-29617-en.pdf?t=1627057015