Assessing conservation success in government, policy, and business using the IUCN Green List of Species (Open KE Fellowship)

Lead Research Organisation: University of Oxford
Department Name: Zoology

Abstract

I am working with the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to develop the Green List - an assessment of species recovery which also evaluates the impact of past conservation efforts on species status, and the potential effect of future conservation actions. The Green List is the next stage in the evolution of the IUCN Red List, moving from assessing extinction risk to understanding the role conservation plays in species recovery. Red List assessments are used globally in planning decisions and to measure compliance with international treaties. My fellowship would help to ensure that the new Green List is utilised just as widely.

One way that I will maximise the Green List's impact is to engage directly with the statutory agencies responsible for on-the-ground conservation of threatened species in the UK: Natural England, Scottish Natural Heritage, Countryside Council for Wales, and Council for Nature Conservation and the Countryside (Northern Ireland). I will work with these organisations to evaluate their species conservation efforts using the Green List protocol. Outputs will include: (1) a "snapshot" of how UK species are currently faring, which can be tracked over time to create an index of progress; (2) assessment of the impact of past conservation spending (crucial given ongoing budgetary constraints); and (3) assessment of species' conservation dependence and long-term recovery potential, allowing for prioritisation and adaptive management. I have already initiated work with Natural England, and we are currently deciding which species to assess. They are keen to explore how the Green List can help evaluate progress towards targets outlined in the 25 Year Plan for the Environment. I will work with the other agencies to identify how the Green List fits into their national priorities.

The second way that I will maximise the Green List's impact is by facilitating reporting of Green List species assessments. To create a useful resource, a large collection of assessments for a diverse and representative range of species must be amassed. Evidence of species recovery (or lack thereof) can then be used to demonstrate a country's progress toward targets set by international conservation agreements (e.g., the Convention on Biological Diversity and Sustainable Development Goals) or to argue for regulation or deregulation of trade (e.g. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). In this fellowship, I will not only contribute assessments myself (Objective 1), but I will work with IUCN Species Specialist Groups (who will be responsible for Green List assessments in the long term) to introduce the concept and facilitate initial assessments of at least 200 species via workshops and remote interaction.

The third objective of this fellowship will focus on Green List applications in the business world. Traditional funding models for conservation projects are being replaced by outcomes-based financing- a model in which impact must be measurable. Because the Green List explicitly measures the impact of conservation action, there is interest from conservation business partners (i.e., Zoological Society of London and Chester Zoo) to use the Green List framework to assess their conservation activities in light of this new financing model. Looking further down the line, I will also host focus groups for business stakeholders who currently use Red List data in their decision-making process. At these focus groups, I will introduce the Green List and seek participants' input on how it could be useful to business, so that when the Green List is finalised, it can be incorporated into tools for business as quickly as possible.

This project will directly engage government and business end-users and improve the quality and quantity of information available to decision-makers, reflecting NERC's vision "to place environmental science at the heart of responsible management of our planet".

Publications

10 25 50
 
Description This award has allowed me to work with species experts around the world to test the Green List (now called Green Status) recovery assessment protocol on 200+ species to date. The Green Status assessment protocol identifies how close species are to "full recovery" (a state defined by research undertaken in this fellowship). Of the species tested so far, species fell into the following categories: Fully Recovered/Non-Depleted (5%), Slightly Depleted (7%), Moderately Depleted (14%), Largely Depleted (46%), Critically Depleted (14%), Extinct in the Wild (2%). The ability to place species into these categories- which often do not correlate with extinction risk (e.g., a non-threatened species can still be considered Critically Depleted)- opens the door for a new wave of conservation science focused on recovery.

The Green Status protocol has gone through many revisions over the course of this KE fellowship, informed by end-user engagement, and its final form was presented to the International Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for a final consultation. As a result, the Green Status has been formally adopted by IUCN as the global standard for assessing recovery. Species recovery assessments will be stored in an online database (https://www.iucnredlist.org/search) which can be accessed by scientists, policymakers, and the public. We have started to populate this database with the tested species (e.g., https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/42397/161916377) and the database will continually grow as new species are added. The support of IUCN (the international leader in conservation, observer in all multilateral environmental policy processes, and advocate for sustainable business practices) in storing and publicising this data will ensure maximum uptake in science, policy, and business. The assessment methods and guidance information have also been made available in English, French, and Spanish (https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/green-status-assessment-materials).

With a standardised method of assessing species recovery now availble, it can be used to set and assess progress toward species recovery goals, for example those laid out in the Post-2020 CBD agreement. The method is also being used by organisations to track their conservation impact (e.g. USFWS, National Geographic).
Exploitation Route Like its predecessor, the IUCN Red List, the Green Status will be a repository of information which can be accessed by scientists, policymakers, and the public (in this case, to learn about the recovery status of a species and the impact of conservation). The Green Status provides a framework through which the impact of conservation actions can be evaluated at the global level, but there is interest to scale this to the organisation/project level; this use is already being discussed and trialed by non-academic partners (see collaborations) and in 2022 we formalised this line of research(collaboration between a group of conservation NGOs and a post-doc). There are also plans to use the Green Status framework as the biodiversity outcome variable in a project to model the outcomes of potential conservation/development/climate pathways (University of Oxford).
Sectors Agriculture, Food and Drink,Environment,Government, Democracy and Justice,Manufacturing, including Industrial Biotechology

URL https://www.iucnredlist.org/about/green-status-species
 
Description In 2019, we contributed text to the International Union for Conservation of Nature's (IUCN's) views on the preparation, scope and content of the Post-2020 global biodiversity framework. The Green List is a recommended indicator for measuring country's conservation success and extinctions avoided. This goal will be furthered by our participation in the 2021 World Conservation Congress (delayed from 2020 due to COVID-19). On a larger scale, the research done under this fellowship (developing a scientific framework to measure species recovery in a way that is user-friendly and can be communicated effectively) has resulted in the Green Status of Species assessment method (previously called the Green List, but changed in response to consultation with end-users). The Green Status of Species has been endorsed by the IUCN and officially adopted as the global standard for assessing species recovery. The IUCN has committed to conducting 10,000 assessments by 2030 with the goal of using information about species recovery to inform conservation action and policy. The work we have done to develop, test, and publish the IUCN Green Status of Species has created a framework for assessing species recovery and conservation impact that be used in a standardised way around the world. We have updated the IUCN Red List website to display Green Status of Species assessments and are developing an online tarining course to meet the high demand for people wanting training in the methods. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service and National Geographic have piloted using the methods to assess their organisational conservation impact, and this has launched a project where will will work with a group of conservation organisations to develop standardised methods for doing this. We have presented the method at the World Conservation Congress and the Green Status is now included as a component and complementary indiactor for several targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity. We are currently working to increase the pace/number of assessments so that they can be used in this way to measure progress toward international conservation targets.
First Year Of Impact 2019
Sector Environment,Government, Democracy and Justice
Impact Types Societal,Policy & public services

 
Description IUCN views on the preparation, scope and content of the Post-2020 global biodiversity framework
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
URL https://www.iucn.org/files/iucn-views-post-2020-global-biodiversity-framework-content-and-scope-subm...
 
Description Information Document prepared for 24th meeting of Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice
Geographic Reach Multiple continents/international 
Policy Influence Type Citation in other policy documents
URL https://www.cbd.int/sbstta/sbstta-24/post2020-indicators-en.pdf
 
Description Cambridge Conservation Initiative Collaborative Fund
Amount £50,908 (GBP)
Funding ID CCI-05-19-008 
Organisation University of Cambridge 
Department Cambridge Conservation Initiative
Sector Academic/University
Country United Kingdom
Start 03/2020 
End 09/2021
 
Description Global Wildlife Conservation Internal Funding- Green List End-User Survey
Amount $20,000 (USD)
Organisation Global Wildlife Conservation 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country United States
Start 04/2019 
End 03/2020
 
Description Tree Conservation Grant
Amount SFr. 20,000 (CHF)
Organisation Fondation Franklinia 
Sector Charity/Non Profit
Country Switzerland
Start 07/2019 
End 07/2020
 
Title Green Status of Species State calculator 
Description An online tool that guides users through the assessment of the "state" to enter for each component of the Green Status assessment of species recovery, allowing quicker progress through the assessment and ensuring consistently applied criteria. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2019 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Was able to complete testing of the Green Status of Species assessment method within timeframe, and the methods have now been endorsed by IUCN as the official way to measure species recovery. 
URL https://oxford.onlinesurveys.ac.uk/species-recovery-status-calculator
 
Title Green Status of Species assessment workbook 
Description This standardised tool captures data entry for a Green Status assessment of Species recovery and guides users through the assessment process. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2021 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact Has only just been released (no impact yet) 
URL https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/green-status-assessment-materials
 
Title IUCN Regional Red List Calculator 
Description We created an easy-to-use online tool that turns the process of making an IUCN Regional Red List Species Assessment into a series of binary questions, rather than a book of guidelines. Making this assessment is a key step in assessing species recovery using the Green List method, but was thought to be too cumbersome for practical use. 
Type Of Material Improvements to research infrastructure 
Year Produced 2018 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact This tool is currently being used in test assessments of the proposed Green List of Species framework. 
URL https://oxford.onlinesurveys.ac.uk/green-list-status-calculator
 
Title Green List of Species: Resources for inferring past species distributions 
Description This database pulls together existing datasets used to determine past species distributions (e.g. fossil, climate, landcover data) for use by assessors attempting to perform a Green List assessment. Often, Green List assessors have never had to consider these data types before, and do not know what is available to them. All datasets were already freely available online and the database includes citation instructions for each dataset. 
Type Of Material Database/Collection of data 
Year Produced 2019 
Provided To Others? Yes  
Impact It is referenced in an upcoming paper (in press). 
URL https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1VwyGWNpQFx2RLqaRHiQoXJa_UKF79xTLPtbhPfsHGZs/edit#gid=1700524...
 
Description Cambridge Conservation Initiative 
Organisation BirdLife International
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution 1.1) Work with IUCN SSC Specialist Groups and Red List Authorities to undertake testing and application of the framework on a taxonomically, ecologically and geographically representative set of species with the purpose of ensuring the methodology can be suitably applied to a wide variety of species; 1.2) Convene a two-day workshop in Cambridge to evaluate and consider the impact of spatial scale on the Green List of Species framework, informed by advance testing and analysis, and possible synergies with other evolving efforts in IUCN, BirdLife and other partners that aim to assess the extent to which actions taken within a given geographic area can contribute to improving overall species status; 1.3) Evaluate the application of the framework through targeted focus on selected species that currently form the basis of targeted conservation work and efforts by CCI partners, with the aim of understanding attribution of impact; 2.1) A consultation among a range of different potential end-users to understand what stakeholders need from the Green List of Species, how it could inform existing and emerging policies and decision-making; and any concerns around the implementation of the Green List of Species standard; 2.2) Collaboration with conservation donors, specifically CCI Partners, to explore the feasibility of using the Green List method to measure the conservation impact of specific programmes
Collaborator Contribution 1.3) Evaluate the application of the framework through targeted focus on selected species that currently form the basis of targeted conservation work and efforts by CCI partners, with the aim of understanding attribution of impact; 1.4) Hire and support a research assistant to conduct sensitivity analysis of the Green List method 2.2) Collaboration with conservation donors, specifically CCI Partners, to explore the feasibility of using the Green List method to measure the conservation impact of specific programmes; and 2.3) Targeted policy engagements, led by the IUCN SSC Post-2020 Biodiversity Targets Task Force, which aims to provide leadership on species issues in post-2020 biodiversity framework discussions
Impact 1) 10% increase in species tested using the Green List Framework 2) Updated Green List Standard and Guidelines based on test results 2) Input into IUCN's post-2020 position submission.
Start Year 2019
 
Description Cambridge Conservation Initiative 
Organisation Fauna & Flora International
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution 1.1) Work with IUCN SSC Specialist Groups and Red List Authorities to undertake testing and application of the framework on a taxonomically, ecologically and geographically representative set of species with the purpose of ensuring the methodology can be suitably applied to a wide variety of species; 1.2) Convene a two-day workshop in Cambridge to evaluate and consider the impact of spatial scale on the Green List of Species framework, informed by advance testing and analysis, and possible synergies with other evolving efforts in IUCN, BirdLife and other partners that aim to assess the extent to which actions taken within a given geographic area can contribute to improving overall species status; 1.3) Evaluate the application of the framework through targeted focus on selected species that currently form the basis of targeted conservation work and efforts by CCI partners, with the aim of understanding attribution of impact; 2.1) A consultation among a range of different potential end-users to understand what stakeholders need from the Green List of Species, how it could inform existing and emerging policies and decision-making; and any concerns around the implementation of the Green List of Species standard; 2.2) Collaboration with conservation donors, specifically CCI Partners, to explore the feasibility of using the Green List method to measure the conservation impact of specific programmes
Collaborator Contribution 1.3) Evaluate the application of the framework through targeted focus on selected species that currently form the basis of targeted conservation work and efforts by CCI partners, with the aim of understanding attribution of impact; 1.4) Hire and support a research assistant to conduct sensitivity analysis of the Green List method 2.2) Collaboration with conservation donors, specifically CCI Partners, to explore the feasibility of using the Green List method to measure the conservation impact of specific programmes; and 2.3) Targeted policy engagements, led by the IUCN SSC Post-2020 Biodiversity Targets Task Force, which aims to provide leadership on species issues in post-2020 biodiversity framework discussions
Impact 1) 10% increase in species tested using the Green List Framework 2) Updated Green List Standard and Guidelines based on test results 2) Input into IUCN's post-2020 position submission.
Start Year 2019
 
Description Cambridge Conservation Initiative 
Organisation University of Cambridge
Department Cambridge Conservation Initiative
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution 1.1) Work with IUCN SSC Specialist Groups and Red List Authorities to undertake testing and application of the framework on a taxonomically, ecologically and geographically representative set of species with the purpose of ensuring the methodology can be suitably applied to a wide variety of species; 1.2) Convene a two-day workshop in Cambridge to evaluate and consider the impact of spatial scale on the Green List of Species framework, informed by advance testing and analysis, and possible synergies with other evolving efforts in IUCN, BirdLife and other partners that aim to assess the extent to which actions taken within a given geographic area can contribute to improving overall species status; 1.3) Evaluate the application of the framework through targeted focus on selected species that currently form the basis of targeted conservation work and efforts by CCI partners, with the aim of understanding attribution of impact; 2.1) A consultation among a range of different potential end-users to understand what stakeholders need from the Green List of Species, how it could inform existing and emerging policies and decision-making; and any concerns around the implementation of the Green List of Species standard; 2.2) Collaboration with conservation donors, specifically CCI Partners, to explore the feasibility of using the Green List method to measure the conservation impact of specific programmes
Collaborator Contribution 1.3) Evaluate the application of the framework through targeted focus on selected species that currently form the basis of targeted conservation work and efforts by CCI partners, with the aim of understanding attribution of impact; 1.4) Hire and support a research assistant to conduct sensitivity analysis of the Green List method 2.2) Collaboration with conservation donors, specifically CCI Partners, to explore the feasibility of using the Green List method to measure the conservation impact of specific programmes; and 2.3) Targeted policy engagements, led by the IUCN SSC Post-2020 Biodiversity Targets Task Force, which aims to provide leadership on species issues in post-2020 biodiversity framework discussions
Impact 1) 10% increase in species tested using the Green List Framework 2) Updated Green List Standard and Guidelines based on test results 2) Input into IUCN's post-2020 position submission.
Start Year 2019
 
Description Collaboration with NASA DAACs to increase data accessibility 
Organisation Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Country United States 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution MKG is collaborating with 2 data managers at OAK Ridge National Laboratory to make data from NASA's Distributed Active Archive Centers more easily accessed and used by researchers and practitioners who are looking to measure species recovery against a historical baseline. MKG's contribution was to identify the types of data which would be useful to end-users and the format in which it will be most useful, and connect end-users to the updated data products.
Collaborator Contribution Our partners at Oak Ridge manage the DAAC data and are responsible for identifying datasets which meet end-user needs, using past experience with data requests to think about how the datasets may need to be transformed to make them accessible and useful, and carrying out the transformation.
Impact None thus far
Start Year 2019
 
Description IUCN Species Conservation Success Task Force 
Organisation IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature
Country Switzerland 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution My research informs and guides the direction of the IUCN Species Conservation Success Task Force, allowing for the development of a standardised way to assess species recovery.
Collaborator Contribution IUCN provided the network of species conservation experts that I needed to work with for my research, and they are leading the communication of the research results so that it has the biggest possible impact on science and policy. They also facilitated a consultation process about the research with their members, allowing communication with a global network.
Impact All listed papers are a result of this collaboration. As a result of this collaboration, the species recovery metric my research has helped develop is being considered as an indicator in multilateral environmental agreements (e.g., Convention on Biological Diversity).
Start Year 2017
 
Description Morton Arboretum 
Organisation Morton Arboretum
Country United States 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution I led a workshop where 20 tree experts were brought in to complete Green List assessments for 15 species.
Collaborator Contribution Funding and identification of tree experts.
Impact 30 Oak species have been assessed using the Green List of Species method, and Morton is including Green List assessments as one of its strategic priorities over the next 10 years (as of 2021).
Start Year 2019
 
Description National Geographic 
Organisation National Geographic
Country United States 
Sector Private 
PI Contribution Evaluated the Green List status of 15 species whose conservation efforts are funded by National Geographic with the aim to measure institutional impact.
Collaborator Contribution Funded the work and helped select 15 species to test which would be of interest; provided contact information for relevant experts to consult.
Impact Stephenson, P. J., Workman, C., Grace, M. K., & Long, B. (2020). Testing the IUCN Green list of species. Oryx, 54(1), 10-11. DOI: 10.1017/S0030605319001200.
Start Year 2019
 
Description Natural England 
Organisation Natural England
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Worked with a University of Oxford student to use the species recovery metric my research helped develop to assess the impact of Natural England's conservation activities on 13 priority species.
Collaborator Contribution Two Natural England specialists worked with the student to apply the recovery metric using their knowledge.
Impact The Natural England specialists participated on a panel at the Conservation Optimism Summit 2019: (The Green List of Species: A high-profile assessment of conservation success stories). https://summit.conservationoptimism.org/workshops-panels
Start Year 2018
 
Description USFWS 
Organisation Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
Country United States 
Sector Public 
PI Contribution We worked with USFWS grant recipients to use the Green List method to evaluate the impact of USFWS funding on species conservation.We have committed to supporting Phase 2 of this project in summer 2021.
Collaborator Contribution Phase 1 (summer 2020) Identified 10 pilot projects and connected us with them to perform testing. Took outputs for each species and wrote institutional summaries. Worked with us to suggest ways to tweak the method to serve at the project level rather than the species level. Phase 2 (2021): Project will scale up to work with 100 USFWS grant recipients.
Impact (1) 10 institutional reports (internal USFWS) (2) Plans to expand to 100 species in summer 2021 (originally planned for summer 2020, but delayed due to coronavirus).
Start Year 2018
 
Description Annual Meeting Panel, Conservation Paleobiology Network 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact The coronavirus has delayed outcomes, but we are working to launch an international meeting that will bring together conservation scientists, palaeoecologists, and cpnservation practitioners to explore how palaeo data can inform modern conservation.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://conservationpaleorcn.org/annual-meeting/
 
Description Biodiversity Network Oxford Marine Event 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact Gave a talk at the Oxford Marine Biodiversity Network meeting, where different departments were sharing the work that they do to increase collaboration across departments.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://www.bionet.ox.ac.uk/
 
Description Conservation Optimism Blog 
Form Of Engagement Activity Engagement focused website, blog or social media channel
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Wrote a blog about the experience of attending the IUCN Species Survival Leader's meeting and the Abu Dhabi call to prevent extintions by 2030.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://conservationoptimism.org/species-conservation-leaders-call-for-global-action-toward-ambitiou...
 
Description Engagement of Business End-Users, Green List 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Regional
Primary Audience Industry/Business
Results and Impact 10 environmental/sustainability officers from various UK businesses attended a workshop hosted by MKG at the University of Oxford, supported by a University of Oxford KE Seed Fund. MKG presented the Green List approach and how it could be used to measure businesses' positive impact on the environment, and solicited input though break-out groups and round-table discussion.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2018
 
Description IUCN Post 2020 Task Force 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Policymakers/politicians
Results and Impact As a member of the IUCN Post-2020 Task Force, I suggested indicators to be used in the Convention on Biological Diversity, including the species recovery metric that was developed thanks to my KE fellowship. I continue to work with convention representatives as the long decision process of what indicators will be used continues.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020,2021
 
Description IUCN SSC Leader's Meeting 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Presented about the Green List at the Species Survival Commission Leader's Meeting in a session aiming to identify synergies between various conservation methods being developed, including the Green List.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://www.iucn.org/species/about/species-survival-commission/ssc-leadership-and-steering-committee...
 
Description Otter Specialist Group (China) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact Presented about the Green List at the IUCN Otter Specialist Group meeting in Tangjiahe National Preserve, China to encourage practitioner uptake. As a result, 10 otter species have been Green Listed in the time since the meeting.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
 
Description Presentation to Oxford University Biological Society 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Undergraduate students
Results and Impact MKG was invited to give a talk on the Green List and Knowledge Exchange to an Oxford University student society. Approximately 30 students attended for the presentation and Q&A.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://www.oxfordbiosoc.co.uk/calendar/2019/2/26/dr-molly-grace-avoiding-extinction-isnt-enough-dev...
 
Description The Past Is a Foreign Country 
Form Of Engagement Activity A formal working group, expert panel or dialogue
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact MKG attended a Royal Society Discussion Meeting and contributed a paper about how paleoecological data can be used in modern conservation, particularly in the context of the Green List. Contacts made at this meeting resulted in participation in a funding proposal to increase end-user participation in conservation paleoecology, the creation of a database of historical resources that can be used in modern conservation, and a paper submitted to Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019
URL https://royalsociety.org/science-events-and-lectures/2019/01/the-past-is-a-foreign-country/
 
Description Undark Magazine 
Form Of Engagement Activity A press release, press conference or response to a media enquiry/interview
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Media (as a channel to the public)
Results and Impact Gave interview to Undark magazine about the use of historical datasets in modern-day conservation. Article in press.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020