Copper Basin Exploration Science (CuBES)
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Southampton
Department Name: Sch of Ocean and Earth Science
Abstract
The criticality of Cu, Co (+/- V) in battery technology and electricity transmission has established them as key components of the carbon-free energy transition. A major proportion of these elements are sourced from sedimentary basin-hosted deposits, formed from large-scale fluid flow systems. Recent work has shown that diverse basin architectures and processes were responsible for their genesis, yet we still do not understand why so few basins become highly endowed with metals. Given their paucity, the geological evolution of such basins demands the juxtaposition of unique conditions that: (1) generated large volumes of metal-bearing fluid; (2) provided sufficient sulfur; (3) created reducing trap sites; and (4) focused fluid flow into these sites [5]. Understanding large deposits is particularly significant because they are efficient to mine and offer the greatest societal benefits.
Our particular focus is to develop and integrate mineral and petroleum systems approaches to provide a disruptive innovation opportunity in the science and industrial applications in this field. Our objectives are to identify the processes, operating over a range of scales, that lead to the formation of large Cu-Co-(V) deposits and derive new and practical exploration tools. The opportunity is timely, given the current wave of academic interest in these ore systems, and the increased collaboration between industry and academia to develop sophisticated methods that can reduce exploration costs, risk and environmental impact.
To tackle these challenges, we have assembled a multi-institute academic consortium with internationally-recognised expertise across the geosciences. We have also built strategic research alliances with: (1) the UK's major mining houses, Rio Tinto and Anglo American, and with BHP and First Quantum Minerals, all with global interests in sediment-hosted copper mineralisation; (2) the energy sector (Scheupbach Energy); and (3) international academic partners (CSIRO, Univ. Houston, GFZ Potsdam, Universidad Nacional, Buenos Aires. The collaboration between PIs, PDRAs, affiliated PhD students funded outside the grant, industry and international partners will deliver high impact scientific publications, new data and tools to support the development of lower risk mineral exploration strategies, and highlight the UK as a world-leading community for research in basin-hosted mineral systems.
Our particular focus is to develop and integrate mineral and petroleum systems approaches to provide a disruptive innovation opportunity in the science and industrial applications in this field. Our objectives are to identify the processes, operating over a range of scales, that lead to the formation of large Cu-Co-(V) deposits and derive new and practical exploration tools. The opportunity is timely, given the current wave of academic interest in these ore systems, and the increased collaboration between industry and academia to develop sophisticated methods that can reduce exploration costs, risk and environmental impact.
To tackle these challenges, we have assembled a multi-institute academic consortium with internationally-recognised expertise across the geosciences. We have also built strategic research alliances with: (1) the UK's major mining houses, Rio Tinto and Anglo American, and with BHP and First Quantum Minerals, all with global interests in sediment-hosted copper mineralisation; (2) the energy sector (Scheupbach Energy); and (3) international academic partners (CSIRO, Univ. Houston, GFZ Potsdam, Universidad Nacional, Buenos Aires. The collaboration between PIs, PDRAs, affiliated PhD students funded outside the grant, industry and international partners will deliver high impact scientific publications, new data and tools to support the development of lower risk mineral exploration strategies, and highlight the UK as a world-leading community for research in basin-hosted mineral systems.
Planned Impact
By improving our understanding of the fundamental aspects of sedimentary ore formation we will provide industry with new insights that will enable the development of refined exploration models grounded in physics and chemistry. This may be in our understanding of how alteration zones relate to hidden targets at the district scale, and/or at the broader scale where the knowledge of these processes may serve to develop new regional exploration models. New and improved numerical modelling software for basin flow and metal transport developed during the project will also be available for industry and academic More efficient regional targeting that accurately identifies favourable and unfavourable exploration tracts will result in socio economic benefits with a reduction in environmental impact and significant cost reductions and reduced risk. In the case of sediment-hosted base metal deposits, many basins are barren of significant mineralization, whereas a limited number contain huge resources. Understanding this dichotomy, will have a lasting impact on exploration models for these deposits.
Organisations
Publications
Parnell J
(2022)
Trace Element Geochemistry in the Earliest Terrestrial Ecosystem, the Rhynie Chert
in Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
Parnell J
(2023)
Low-Temperature Fluorocarbonate Mineralization in Lower Devonian Rhynie Chert, UK
in Minerals
Parnell J
(2023)
The role of organic carbon in the Southern Uplands-Down-Longford Terrane accretionary prism, Scotland and Ireland
in Petroleum Geoscience
Parnell J
(2022)
Vanadium for Green Energy: Increasing Demand but With Health Implications in Volcanic Terrains
in GeoHealth
Parnell J
(2022)
Snowball Earth to Global Warming: Coupled vanadium-carbonaceous deposits in the Cryogenian-Cambrian
in Ore Geology Reviews
Parnell J
(2021)
Metal Flux from Dissolution of Iron Oxide Grain Coatings in Sandstones
in Geofluids
Heptinstall E
(2023)
Copper, Uranium and REE Mineralisation in an Exhumed Oil Reservoir, Southwest Orkney, Scotland
in Geosciences
Armstrong J
(2023)
Trace element release from Bowland Shale into spring water in Lancashire
in Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Armstrong J
(2022)
Carbon in Mineralised Plutons
in Geosciences