Orbital Debris Capture Simulator
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Strathclyde
Department Name: Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Abstract
Through the proposed activities we have a unique opportunity to communicate the importance of science and engineering as well as key underlying principles in an accessible manner. Students will be active participants throughout, exploring and synthesising new concepts, learning and teaching new skills and demystifying an area of science and technology that is often seen as impenetrable.
The following aims are the general aims of the project:
- To create STEM learning opportunities for disadvantaged schools as defined by the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation
- To contribute to the wider efforts to address the gender imbalance within STEM higher and further education
- To raise awareness of the space debris problem for school students and invite them to consider being part of the solution
- To engage and enthuse school students with cutting edge space science in line with the Curriculum for Excellence
- To give future space scientists a first taste of a mission control environment
- To create and host a schools competition based around space debris capture science
- To ensure a legacy for the project through a biennial schools competition and its inclusion as an element of the Strathclyde Space School activities
We are targeting school audiences in particular with the following aims:
- Make the participants feel inspired by space science and technology
- Welcome them into space science and engineering environments at Strathclyde
- Show them the value of the research's social, and economic impact in society
- Encourage them to consider choosing to study or work in STEM at a higher and further education level.
The following learning outcomes are the more specific learning aims, i.e what the students will be able to demonstrate during and after this project, cover the whole range of learning types found in Blooms Taxonomy. The activities in our proposal will enable students of all abilities and experience to learn and demonstrate new skills, gain and communicate new knowledge and analyse and evaluate complex science and engineering processes.
Debris App and Debris Capture Challenge:
- Students will be able to identify and describe key types of orbital objects
- Students will be able to classify orbital objects based on their orbital regime (LEO,MEO and GEO)
- Students will demonstrate the ability to build simple mental models of how an objects orbital behaviour effects its ground track on the Earth.
- Students will appraise different orbital objects and order them based on their danger posed to other objects
- Students will collect or 'capture' debris using the app and will be able to generalise features and behaviours of orbital objects across the entire pollution.
The following aims are the general aims of the project:
- To create STEM learning opportunities for disadvantaged schools as defined by the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation
- To contribute to the wider efforts to address the gender imbalance within STEM higher and further education
- To raise awareness of the space debris problem for school students and invite them to consider being part of the solution
- To engage and enthuse school students with cutting edge space science in line with the Curriculum for Excellence
- To give future space scientists a first taste of a mission control environment
- To create and host a schools competition based around space debris capture science
- To ensure a legacy for the project through a biennial schools competition and its inclusion as an element of the Strathclyde Space School activities
We are targeting school audiences in particular with the following aims:
- Make the participants feel inspired by space science and technology
- Welcome them into space science and engineering environments at Strathclyde
- Show them the value of the research's social, and economic impact in society
- Encourage them to consider choosing to study or work in STEM at a higher and further education level.
The following learning outcomes are the more specific learning aims, i.e what the students will be able to demonstrate during and after this project, cover the whole range of learning types found in Blooms Taxonomy. The activities in our proposal will enable students of all abilities and experience to learn and demonstrate new skills, gain and communicate new knowledge and analyse and evaluate complex science and engineering processes.
Debris App and Debris Capture Challenge:
- Students will be able to identify and describe key types of orbital objects
- Students will be able to classify orbital objects based on their orbital regime (LEO,MEO and GEO)
- Students will demonstrate the ability to build simple mental models of how an objects orbital behaviour effects its ground track on the Earth.
- Students will appraise different orbital objects and order them based on their danger posed to other objects
- Students will collect or 'capture' debris using the app and will be able to generalise features and behaviours of orbital objects across the entire pollution.
Planned Impact
We will ensure coverage of the project and competition events in mainstream media and STEM media.
We will disseminate the aims and outcome of the project both internally at Strathclyde and externally, in visits to other universities and at public engagement conferences such as the BSA Science Communication conference, BIG annual conference, and events run by professional bodies such as Glasgow City of Science. Existing contacts such as with The GIST (Glasgow Insight into Science and Technology) magazine/Glasgow Science Festival will be valuable routes to publicise the outcomes of the project and help the participants to network and expand their ongoing engagement activities.
The project will be nominated for a Sir Arthur Clarke award as part of the British Interplanetary Society's annual conference.
The experiences of the project team will be shared across the public engagement community at University of Strathclyde and in Glasgow, feeding into further developments of classes and courses for students and researchers. The competition will become a central activity of the widely lauded Strathclyde Space School.
The existing networks of the participants will serve as an invaluable source of dissemination. The sustainable legacy of the project will be a Glasgow schools competition. Eventually we hope to create a biennial Scottish schools competition, which can become a model for schools around the UK and further afield to copy and eventually we hope to create a national competition.
Furthermore, the legacy of the project is a key part of the dissemination. In trying to instigate a biennial national competition we will be touring the UK with the space debris capture simulator to demonstrate its usage and encourage other universities, science centre and schools to participate in the future. Further grant proposals will seek to expand the activities of and participation in the competition.
We will disseminate the aims and outcome of the project both internally at Strathclyde and externally, in visits to other universities and at public engagement conferences such as the BSA Science Communication conference, BIG annual conference, and events run by professional bodies such as Glasgow City of Science. Existing contacts such as with The GIST (Glasgow Insight into Science and Technology) magazine/Glasgow Science Festival will be valuable routes to publicise the outcomes of the project and help the participants to network and expand their ongoing engagement activities.
The project will be nominated for a Sir Arthur Clarke award as part of the British Interplanetary Society's annual conference.
The experiences of the project team will be shared across the public engagement community at University of Strathclyde and in Glasgow, feeding into further developments of classes and courses for students and researchers. The competition will become a central activity of the widely lauded Strathclyde Space School.
The existing networks of the participants will serve as an invaluable source of dissemination. The sustainable legacy of the project will be a Glasgow schools competition. Eventually we hope to create a biennial Scottish schools competition, which can become a model for schools around the UK and further afield to copy and eventually we hope to create a national competition.
Furthermore, the legacy of the project is a key part of the dissemination. In trying to instigate a biennial national competition we will be touring the UK with the space debris capture simulator to demonstrate its usage and encourage other universities, science centre and schools to participate in the future. Further grant proposals will seek to expand the activities of and participation in the competition.
Title | Introduction to Orbital Debris Capture and Junk in Orbit |
Description | Short presentation and video to introduce the danger of space debris and new technology developed to mitigate this threat |
Type Of Art | Film/Video/Animation |
Year Produced | 2023 |
Impact | Increased awareness by secondary school students in this critical area |
Description | This activity has been run successfully at the University of York in Summer 2023 with several school groups, and has involved 8 local schools in Yorkshire to date. On 11 May 2023 as part of York's Robotics Challenge Outreach Event, two lower secondary school groups of 8 students each and four teachers were first to explore the activity, and were able to build their capture hooks and pilot two drones at once with some success in capturing two targets in a separate room, using a window when cameras occasionally cut out. Student feedback was generally good, and the drone-capture idea was popular. The activity was improved with more structured activities and better information resources as an activity for the York Global Summer School programme on 17 July 2023, in which two upper secondary school groups of 17 students total from 17 international schools organized their team roles, built their capture devices, and deployed their drones, again two at a time with two targets, by camera only in an adjoining room with their ground crew giving directions. The activity ran smoother the second time with more emphasis on roles and planning, and the older students were able to operate better as a team. Student feedback was very positive and the activity was successful in inspiring some questions about space junk and orbital capture operations. In addition to these activities, a "spin-off" research project activity was created for the Year 12 Work Experience Project that was run from York on 24-27 July 2023. Materials on space debris and clean-up mission technology was provided to 8 upper secondary students who chose "The Space Junk Crisis: Orbital Janitors Needed!" as a project topic. They asked questions in two one-hour "Meet the Researcher" sessions to help them complete conference-style posters on this theme, and then presented them and answered questions from other academics in an online poster conference. |
Exploitation Route | Plans are in place to continue this activity in future outreach opportunities for Key Stage 3 and Key Stage 4 school groups, run by outreach staff and interns as part of these yearly activities. Pictures from the prototype drone capture activity as it was run in June 2023 are included below. In future versions of this outreach activity, we will also look to engaging with other possible problems that will arise with space exploration and expansion. For longer sessions, students will have the opportunity to learn some basic programming techniques to programme the drones to behave as we want using Python or Blockly programming environments. Drone courses can be set up for additional challenge (e.g. flying under a bar, through a hoop etc). |
Sectors | Aerospace Defence and Marine Education |
Description | The activity is begun with an introductory presentation and video that outlines the history of the space junk crisis so that students learn what has happened and what is currently being done and researched in this area. A question and answer session is also available. The main part of the activity is a practical telepresence activity with drones that is designed to impress upon students how difficult it is to find, track, and capture space junk even under ideal conditions. Students are put together into small teams with three professional roles: Space Engineers who design and assemble an orbital debris Capture Device that fits on a Capture Drone, Ground Crew who monitor mission status, watch the position of the Debris Drone, and give instructions to the pilots, and Pilots who pilot the Capture Drone to capture the Debris Drone with the Capture Device. Dji Robomaster Tello Talent micro-drones are used in this activity. They are sub-200g quad-rotor vehicles designed to be safe and easy to fly by grade school students and for use in educational programming and robotics activities. Each drone has a camera that provides real-time video, an inertial measurement unit, altitude and movement sensors, and an add-on LED display that can be programmed and interfaced with other devices by students. The drones are controlled from tablets running a dedicated app with a programming environment optional. One drone plays the role of "space junk" and is programmed to drift slowly in an enclosed space, protected by a plastic cage for safety. Student teams must capture this drone using a "capture device" mounted on the other drone, which plays the role of a "capture spacecraft". First, Engineers will use lightweight tubes and balsa wood to construct a capture device such as a hook or gripper which fits on the capture drone using small hooks, and instruct the pilots and ground crew how to use them. Students will be set up in a room with wireless connections to the drones, and the drones are flown in a completely separate space, such that pilots will have to rely on instructions sent by the ground crew to know where to find space junk. Once they find it they must hook or otherwise grab the other drone by its plastic cage to successfully achieve "deorbiting". |
First Year Of Impact | 2023 |
Sector | Aerospace, Defence and Marine,Education |
Impact Types | Cultural Societal |
Title | Orbital Debris Capture Simulator |
Description | Drones to simulate the capture of objects in space |
Type Of Material | Improvements to research infrastructure |
Year Produced | 2023 |
Provided To Others? | Yes |
Impact | Student engagement and increased awareness and knowledge about preserving the space environment and space sustainability |
Description | Mark Post University of York |
Organisation | University of York |
Department | Department of Electronics |
Country | United Kingdom |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | We provide the problem and specifications |
Collaborator Contribution | They do most of the experimental work |
Impact | None so far |
Start Year | 2019 |
Title | Python Scripts for Target Drone Control |
Description | Software routines and scripts to control the relative movement of space junk embodied by drones |
Type Of Technology | Software |
Year Produced | 2023 |
Open Source License? | Yes |
Impact | Students learning about control of drones |
Description | Robotic Challenge Outreach Event |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | This activity has been run successfully at the University of York in Summer 2023 with several school groups, and has involved 8 local schools in Yorkshire to date. On 11 May 2023 as part of York's Robotics Challenge Outreach Event, two lower secondary school groups of 8 students each and four teachers were first to explore the activity, and were able to build their capture hooks and pilot two drones at once with some success in capturing two targets in a separate room, using a window when cameras occasionally cut out. Student feedback was generally good, and the drone-capture idea was popular. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
Description | Year 12 Work Experience Project |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | In addition to these activities, a "spin-off" research project activity was created for the Year 12 Work Experience Project that was run from York on 24-27 July 2023. Materials on space debris and clean-up mission technology was provided to 8 upper secondary students who chose "The Space Junk Crisis: Orbital Janitors Needed!" as a project topic. They asked questions in two one-hour "Meet the Researcher" sessions to help them complete conference-style posters on this theme, and then presented them and answered questions from other academics in an online poster conference. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |
Description | York Global Summer School Programme |
Form Of Engagement Activity | Participation in an activity, workshop or similar |
Part Of Official Scheme? | No |
Geographic Reach | Regional |
Primary Audience | Schools |
Results and Impact | The activity was improved with more structured activities and better information resources as an activity for the York Global Summer School programme on 17 July 2023, in which two upper secondary school groups of 17 students total from 17 international schools organized their team roles, built their capture devices, and deployed their drones, again two at a time with two targets, by camera only in an adjoining room with their ground crew giving directions. The activity ran smoother the second time with more emphasis on roles and planning, and the older students were able to operate better as a team. Student feedback was very positive and the activity was successful in inspiring some questions about space junk and orbital capture operations. |
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity | 2023 |