Laser spectroscopic determination of new forms of nuclear matter in the trans-lead nuclei.
Lead Research Organisation:
University of Manchester
Department Name: Physics and Astronomy
Abstract
In the subject of Nuclear Physics there exists several key open questions, these include the limits of nuclear existence, whether new forms of matter are present in loosely bound nuclei and how does the ordering of the quantum system change at these extremes. It is only possible to provide answers to these questions by directly studying exotic nuclei that are unstable with respect particle emission. The discovery of a diffuse halo structure in light nuclei such as 8He, 11Li and 14Be, is one example of nuclear structure that surprised the entire nuclear community. These incredibly systems, with just a few nucleons have a diffuse structure that is comparable in size to some of the heaviest nuclei known in nature such as 238U. With a new technique that offers a vast improvement in sensitivity, this fellowship has the unique opportunity to make measurements in a region of the nuclear chart previously described as 'terra incognito'. Such measurements offer the tantalizing possibility of discovering new structural phenomena and thereby begin to provide answers to the current open questions in Nuclear Physics. This fellowship will unambiguously measure specific nuclear observables, which can be extracted without invoking nuclear models, by studying the orbital atomic electron. Although often quoted as negligible there is a finite interaction between the nucleus and the atomic electrons, which is approximately a hundred million times smaller than the energy spacing of quantum levels within the atom. Such small effects are well within the scope of modern laser technology, which can perform measurements with an unprecedented resolution of one part in a thousand billion! This proposal will accurately measure the change in energy of the outer atomic electron in exotic radioactive isotopes and by doing so extract several key nuclear observables; the magnetic and electric moments, the angular momentum of the nuclear state and the change in the average charge radius of nucleus. These observables provide a wealth of information on the distribution of matter and how the quantum levels are ordered within the nucleus. This proposal will therefore be a significant part of the UK strategy in nuclear physics research providing for the first time, measurements on exotic nuclei where new forms of matter may exist.
People |
ORCID iD |
Kieran Flanagan (Principal Investigator / Fellow) |
Publications
Budincevic I
(2014)
Laser spectroscopy of francium isotopes at the borders of the region of reflection asymmetry
in Physical Review C
Cheal B
(2010)
Progress in laser spectroscopy at radioactive ion beam facilities
in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Cocolios T
(2012)
Early onset of deformation in the neutron-deficient polonium isotopes
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Cocolios T
(2016)
High-resolution laser spectroscopy with the Collinear Resonance Ionisation Spectroscopy (CRIS) experiment at CERN-ISOLDE
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Cocolios T
(2011)
Early Onset of Ground State Deformation in Neutron Deficient Polonium Isotopes
in Physical Review Letters
Cocolios T
(2010)
Structure of 191 Pb from a- and ß-decay spectroscopy
in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Cocolios T
(2013)
The Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy (CRIS) experimental setup at CERN-ISOLDE
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Day Goodacre T
(2021)
Laser Spectroscopy of Neutron-Rich ^{207,208}Hg Isotopes: Illuminating the Kink and Odd-Even Staggering in Charge Radii across the N=126 Shell Closure.
in Physical review letters
Day Goodacre T
(2018)
Radium ionization scheme development: The first observed autoionizing states and optical pumping effects in the hot cavity environment
in Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
De Groote R
(2020)
Measurement and microscopic description of odd-even staggering of charge radii of exotic copper isotopes
in Nature Physics
De Groote R
(2017)
Efficient, high-resolution resonance laser ionization spectroscopy using weak transitions to long-lived excited states
in Physical Review A
De Groote RP
(2015)
Use of a Continuous Wave Laser and Pockels Cell for Sensitive High-Resolution Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy.
in Physical review letters
Farooq-Smith G
(2016)
Laser and decay spectroscopy of the short-lived isotope Fr 214 in the vicinity of the N = 126 shell closure
in Physical Review C
Farooq-Smith G
(2017)
Probing the Ga 31 ground-state properties in the region near Z = 28 with high-resolution laser spectroscopy
in Physical Review C
Fink D
(2013)
First application of the Laser Ion Source and Trap (LIST) for on-line experiments at ISOLDE
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Flanagan K
(2010)
Experimental determination of an I p = 2 - ground state in Cu 72 , 74
in Physical Review C
Flanagan KT
(2013)
Collinear resonance ionization spectroscopy of neutron-deficient francium isotopes.
in Physical review letters
Garcia Ruiz R
(2018)
High-Precision Multiphoton Ionization of Accelerated Laser-Ablated Species
in Physical Review X
Garcia Ruiz RF
(2020)
Spectroscopy of short-lived radioactive molecules.
in Nature
Gustafsson F
(2020)
Tin resonance-ionization schemes for atomic- and nuclear-structure studies
in Physical Review A
Hammen M
(2018)
From Calcium to Cadmium: Testing the Pairing Functional through Charge Radii Measurements of ^{100-130}Cd.
in Physical review letters
Koszorús Á
(2019)
Precision measurements of the charge radii of potassium isotopes
in Physical Review C
Koszorús Á
(2021)
Charge radii of exotic potassium isotopes challenge nuclear theory and the magic character of N = 32
in Nature Physics
Koszorús Á
(2020)
Resonance ionization schemes for high resolution and high efficiency studies of exotic nuclei at the CRIS experiment
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Lynch K
(2016)
Combined high-resolution laser spectroscopy and nuclear decay spectroscopy for the study of the low-lying states in Fr 206 , At 202 , and Bi 198
in Physical Review C
Lynch K
(2012)
Laser assisted decay spectroscopy at the CRIS beam line at ISOLDE
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Lynch K
(2014)
Decay-Assisted Laser Spectroscopy of Neutron-Deficient Francium
in Physical Review X
Lynch K
(2013)
CRIS: A new method in isomeric beam production
in EPJ Web of Conferences
Lynch K
(2018)
Laser-spectroscopy studies of the nuclear structure of neutron-rich radium
in Physical Review C
Marsh B
(2013)
New developments of the in-source spectroscopy method at RILIS/ISOLDE
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Marsh B
(2018)
Characterization of the shape-staggering effect in mercury nuclei
in Nature Physics
Neugart R
(2017)
Collinear laser spectroscopy at ISOLDE: new methods and highlights
in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Perrett H
(2020)
Development of a photoionisation spectrometer for detection of atmospheric 85 Kr
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Procter T
(2013)
First on-line results from the CRIS (Collinear Resonant Ionisation Spectroscopy) beam line at ISOLDE
in Hyperfine Interactions
Rajabali M
(2013)
A dedicated decay-spectroscopy station for the collinear resonance ionization experiment at ISOLDE
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Ricketts C
(2020)
A compact linear Paul trap cooler buncher for CRIS
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Sahoo B
(2020)
Analytic response relativistic coupled-cluster theory: the first application to indium isotope shifts
in New Journal of Physics
Seliverstov M
(2014)
Electromagnetic moments of odd- A Po 193 - 203 , 211 isotopes
in Physical Review C
Udrescu SM
(2021)
Isotope Shifts of Radium Monofluoride Molecules.
in Physical review letters
Verney D
(2017)
Pygmy Gamow-Teller resonance in the N = 50 region: New evidence from staggering of ß -delayed neutron-emission probabilities
in Physical Review C
Vernon A
(2019)
Simulation of the relative atomic populations of elements 1 = Z =89 following charge exchange tested with collinear resonance ionization spectroscopy of indium
in Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
Vernon A
(2020)
Optimising the Collinear Resonance Ionisation Spectroscopy (CRIS) experiment at CERN-ISOLDE
in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
Vernon AR
(2020)
Laser spectroscopy of indium Rydberg atom bunches by electric field ionization.
in Scientific reports
Vingerhoets P
(2010)
Nuclear spins, magnetic moments, and quadrupole moments of Cu isotopes from N = 28 to N = 46 : Probes for core polarization effects
in Physical Review C
Yordanov DT
(2016)
Simple Nuclear Structure in (111-129)Cd from Atomic Isomer Shifts.
in Physical review letters
Description | We have developed a ultra sensitive laser spectroscopy technique that can pick a particular nuclear state and delivery it to an experimental location for study. To demonstrate the technique we studied the francium isotopes and were able to select one atom from more than 10 billion per second being produced at the source. When compared to state-of-the-art laser spectroscopy techniques used in Canada the new methodology is more than 100 times more sensitive. |
Exploitation Route | The technique is directly applicable for nuclear structure research and will allow nuclear isomers to be selected and delivered to experiments (not previously possible before). The technique is also directly applicable to trace analysis and rare isotope studies (for example in medicine, nuclear security and industry) |
Sectors | Environment,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Biotechnology,Security and Diplomacy |
URL | http://journals.aps.org/prx/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevX.4.011055 |
Description | Collinear Carbon Dating |
Amount | £87,889 (GBP) |
Funding ID | ST/R001812/1 |
Organisation | Science and Technologies Facilities Council (STFC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | United Kingdom |
Start | 11/2017 |
End | 10/2018 |
Description | ERC Consolidator Grant |
Amount | € 1,846,542 (EUR) |
Funding ID | 648381 |
Organisation | European Research Council (ERC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | Belgium |
Start | 04/2015 |
End | 03/2020 |
Description | ERC Proof of Concept |
Amount | € 150,000 (EUR) |
Funding ID | 768258 |
Organisation | European Research Council (ERC) |
Sector | Public |
Country | Belgium |
Start | 10/2017 |
End | 09/2018 |
Description | CRIS Collaboration |
Organisation | University of Leuven |
Department | Institute for Nuclear and Radiation Physics |
Country | Belgium |
Sector | Academic/University |
PI Contribution | We have designed and constructed the beam line and laser laboratory. We developed new techniques and designed equipment upgrades. We have provided staff and equipment. |
Collaborator Contribution | They have provided funding for equipment and manpower. |
Impact | See publication list. |
Start Year | 2010 |
Company Name | Artemis Analytical |
Description | This is a company setup with UMIP to begin the process of taking our research at CERN to market. The company's focus is providing an analysis service for carbon dating of modern and ancient samples. The key methodology is based on techniques developed during the fellowship that have been subsequently further enhanced at the University of Manchester to make them competitive within this sector. |
Year Established | 2016 |
Impact | The company has yet to start trading. At the moment we have filed two patents to protect inventions that built on research at CERN during the fellowship. The company is in the process of securing its IP position, conducting market research and structural planning and seeking equity investment. It is hoped to start trading in 2018. |