Grid PP2 extension & Grid PP3
Lead Research Organisation:
Imperial College London
Department Name: Physics
Abstract
The Grid' is the next leap in computer interconnectivity. The Internet and the World Wide Web are increasingly an integral part of people's lives, helping the world share information and transfer data quickly and easily. In the same way as we now share files and facts over the global network of computers, in the future the Grid will let us share resources such as processing power and storage space. While an amazing facility, the web primarily distributes information. To share resources such as computing power and data storage on a global scale, we need a Grid.The vision is that once connected to the Grid, the end user will see it essentially as one large computer system. So that in the future computer services could become a utility like electricity, paying for what you use as an on-demand service. The Grid is a practical solution to the problems of storing and processing the large quantities of data that will be produced by industry and the scientific communities over the next decade. Particle physicists are waiting for 2007 when a new particle accelerator opens in the world's largest particle physics laboratory, CERN. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be the most powerful instrument ever built to investigate fundamental physics. Once this is fully functional the amount of data being produced will be massive. All this will be too much for one institution to handle so they need to share resources i.e. to use distributed computing. The Grid is built on the same Internet infrastructure as the web, but uses different tools. Middleware is one of these tools. In a stand alone computer the resources allocated to each job are managed by the operating system e.g. Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X. Middleware is like the operating system of a Grid, allowing users to access resources without searching for them manually. GridPP has developed middleware for the Grid, in collaboration with other international projects. Due to GridPP's open source policy, the middleware can evolve and be improved by the people who use it. Distributed computing has been available to scientists for some time but, in general, the use of different sites has to be negotiated by each scientist individually. They need a separate account on each system and jobs have to be submitted and results collected back by hand. Current distributed computing means the user has a lot of work to do to get their results. This is where the idea of Grid computing comes in. Page 3 of 9 Date printed: 01/11/2007 14:38:02 ST/F006748/1 Date saved: 31/10/2007 16:21:34 Middleware lets users simply submit jobs to the Grid without having to know where the data is or where the jobs will run. The software can run the job where the data is, or move the data to where there is CPU power available. Using the Grid and middleware, all the user has to do is submit a job and pick up the results. Acting as the gatekeeper and matchmaker for the Grid, middleware monitors the Grid, decides where to send computing jobs, manages users, data and storage. It will check the identity of the user through the use of digital certificates. A digital certificate is a file stored securely on a users computer which allows the Grid to correctly identify a user. The certificates are given to a user by the Certification Authority, with numerous steps to ensure the person applying is who they say they are. The middleware automatically extracts the users' identity from their digital certificate and uses this to log them in. This means users don't have to remember user names and passwords to log onto the Grid, they're automatically logged on using their Grid certificate. After this seamless identification process the middleware will find the most convenient and efficient places for the job to be run and organise efficient access to the relevant scientific data. It
Organisations
People |
ORCID iD |
| David Colling (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Collaboration T
(2008)
The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC
in Journal of Instrumentation
Abbaneo D
(2009)
The CMS Collaboration
in Nuclear Physics A
Riedel M
(2009)
Interoperation of world-wide production e-Science infrastructures
in Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience
Britton D.I.
(2009)
The UK particle physics grid
in MIPRO 2009 - 32nd International Convention Proceedings: Microelectronics, Electronics and Electronic Technology, MEET and Grid and Visualizations Systems, GVS
Britton D
(2009)
GridPP: the UK grid for particle physics.
in Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Lingrand D
(2009)
Job Scheduling Strategies for Parallel Processing
Lingrand D
(2010)
Optimization of Jobs Submission on the EGEE Production Grid: Modeling Faults Using Workload
in Journal of Grid Computing
Collaboration C
(2010)
Calibration of the CMS drift tube chambers and measurement of the drift velocity with cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Alignment of the CMS silicon tracker during commissioning with cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Commissioning of the CMS experiment and the cosmic run at four tesla
in Journal of Instrumentation
Khachatryan V
(2010)
First measurement of the underlying event activity at the LHC with $\sqrt{s} = 0.9$ TeV
in The European Physical Journal C
Khachatryan V
(2010)
CMS tracking performance results from early LHC operation
in The European Physical Journal C
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance of the CMS hadron calorimeter with cosmic ray muons and LHC beam data
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance of the CMS drift-tube chamber local trigger with cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Colling G
(2010)
Population genetic structure of wild daffodils (Narcissus pseudonarcissus L.) at different spatial scales
in Plant Systematics and Evolution
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance of the CMS drift tube chambers with cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Khachatryan V
(2010)
Observation of long-range, near-side angular correlations in proton-proton collisions at the LHC
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Collaboration C
(2010)
Alignment of the CMS muon system with cosmic-ray and beam-halo muons
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance of CMS hadron calorimeter timing and synchronization using test beam, cosmic ray, and LHC beam data
in Journal of Instrumentation
Andreeva J
(2010)
CMS analysis operations
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Khachatryan V
(2010)
Transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pp collisions at square root of s = 7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Reckinger C
(2010)
Restoring Populations of the Endangered Plant Scorzonera humilis: Influence of Site Conditions, Seed Source, and Plant Stage
in Restoration Ecology
Colling R
(2010)
Endometrial metastasis of colorectal cancer with coincident endometrial adenocarcinoma.
in BMJ case reports
Khachatryan V
(2010)
First measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations in proton-proton collisions at vs=0.9 and 2.36 TeV at the LHC.
in Physical review letters
Collaboration C
(2010)
Measurement of the muon stopping power in lead tungstate
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance study of the CMS barrel resistive plate chambers with cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in cosmic-ray events
in Journal of Instrumentation
Colling D
(2010)
Adding Standards Based Job Submission to a Commodity Grid Broker
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance of the CMS Level-1 trigger during commissioning with cosmic ray muons and LHC beams
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Precise mapping of the magnetic field in the CMS barrel yoke using cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Commissioning and performance of the CMS silicon strip tracker with cosmic ray muons
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Time reconstruction and performance of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance of the CMS cathode strip chambers with cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Performance and operation of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Fine synchronization of the CMS muon drift-tube local trigger using cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Identification and filtering of uncharacteristic noise in the CMS hadron calorimeter
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
CMS data processing workflows during an extended cosmic ray run
in Journal of Instrumentation
Khachatryan V
(2010)
Search for dijet resonances in 7 TeV pp collisions at CMS.
in Physical review letters
Albert M
(2010)
Experience building and operating the CMS Tier-1 computing centres
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Colling D
(2010)
Real Time Monitor of Grid job executions
in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Khachatryan V
(2010)
Search for quark compositeness with the dijet centrality ratio in pp collisions at vs=7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Colling J
(2010)
Genetic alterations for increased coumarin production lead to metabolic changes in the medicinally important Pelargonium sidoides DC (Geraniaceae).
in Metabolic engineering
Collaboration C
(2010)
Aligning the CMS muon chambers with the muon alignment system during an extended cosmic ray run
in Journal of Instrumentation
Collaboration C
(2010)
Commissioning of the CMS High-Level Trigger with cosmic rays
in Journal of Instrumentation
Khachatryan V
(2010)
Measurement of the charge ratio of atmospheric muons with the CMS detector
in Physics Letters B
Collaboration C
(2010)
Commissioning and performance of the CMS pixel tracker with cosmic ray muons
in Journal of Instrumentation
Colling J
(2010)
Nitrogen supply and abiotic stress influence canavanine synthesis and the productivity of in vitro regenerated Sutherlandia frutescens microshoots.
in Journal of plant physiology
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV in events with a single lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Palhano H.B.
(2011)
Social representations about health-disease and participation of the veterinarian in family farming in the municipality of rio das flores, RJ Representações sociais sobre saúde - Doença e participação do médico veterinário na produção familiar do município de rio das flores, RJ
in Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria
Colling M
(2011)
The Salvation Army: How to improve a best-of-breed donor recruitment campaign
in Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice