Grid PP2 extension & Grid PP3
Lead Research Organisation:
Imperial College London
Department Name: Physics
Abstract
The Grid' is the next leap in computer interconnectivity. The Internet and the World Wide Web are increasingly an integral part of people's lives, helping the world share information and transfer data quickly and easily. In the same way as we now share files and facts over the global network of computers, in the future the Grid will let us share resources such as processing power and storage space. While an amazing facility, the web primarily distributes information. To share resources such as computing power and data storage on a global scale, we need a Grid.The vision is that once connected to the Grid, the end user will see it essentially as one large computer system. So that in the future computer services could become a utility like electricity, paying for what you use as an on-demand service. The Grid is a practical solution to the problems of storing and processing the large quantities of data that will be produced by industry and the scientific communities over the next decade. Particle physicists are waiting for 2007 when a new particle accelerator opens in the world's largest particle physics laboratory, CERN. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be the most powerful instrument ever built to investigate fundamental physics. Once this is fully functional the amount of data being produced will be massive. All this will be too much for one institution to handle so they need to share resources i.e. to use distributed computing. The Grid is built on the same Internet infrastructure as the web, but uses different tools. Middleware is one of these tools. In a stand alone computer the resources allocated to each job are managed by the operating system e.g. Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac OS X. Middleware is like the operating system of a Grid, allowing users to access resources without searching for them manually. GridPP has developed middleware for the Grid, in collaboration with other international projects. Due to GridPP's open source policy, the middleware can evolve and be improved by the people who use it. Distributed computing has been available to scientists for some time but, in general, the use of different sites has to be negotiated by each scientist individually. They need a separate account on each system and jobs have to be submitted and results collected back by hand. Current distributed computing means the user has a lot of work to do to get their results. This is where the idea of Grid computing comes in. Page 3 of 9 Date printed: 01/11/2007 14:38:02 ST/F006748/1 Date saved: 31/10/2007 16:21:34 Middleware lets users simply submit jobs to the Grid without having to know where the data is or where the jobs will run. The software can run the job where the data is, or move the data to where there is CPU power available. Using the Grid and middleware, all the user has to do is submit a job and pick up the results. Acting as the gatekeeper and matchmaker for the Grid, middleware monitors the Grid, decides where to send computing jobs, manages users, data and storage. It will check the identity of the user through the use of digital certificates. A digital certificate is a file stored securely on a users computer which allows the Grid to correctly identify a user. The certificates are given to a user by the Certification Authority, with numerous steps to ensure the person applying is who they say they are. The middleware automatically extracts the users' identity from their digital certificate and uses this to log them in. This means users don't have to remember user names and passwords to log onto the Grid, they're automatically logged on using their Grid certificate. After this seamless identification process the middleware will find the most convenient and efficient places for the job to be run and organise efficient access to the relevant scientific data. It
Organisations
People |
ORCID iD |
David Colling (Principal Investigator) |
Publications
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Study of the Dijet mass spectrum in pp ? W+jets events at sqrt[s] = 7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Rapidity distributions in exclusive Z + jet and ? + jet events in p p collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Inclusive search for supersymmetry using razor variables in pp collisions at vs=7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for flavor changing neutral currents in top quark decays in pp collisions at 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for top-squark pair production in the single-lepton final state in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8\ \mathrm{TeV}$
in The European Physical Journal C
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for a vectorlike quark with charge 2/3 in t+Z events from pp collisions at vs=7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for supersymmetry in events with photons and low missing transverse energy in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for gluino mediated bottom- and top-squark production in multijet final states in pp collisions at 8 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Measurement of the rapidity and transverse momentum distributions of Z bosons in p p collisions at ( s ) = 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for supersymmetry in events with b -quark jets and missing transverse energy in p p collisions at 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for a light pseudoscalar Higgs boson in the dimuon decay channel in pp collisions at vs = 7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
A search for a doubly-charged Higgs boson in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7 \ \mbox{TeV}$
in The European Physical Journal C
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of the production cross section for a W boson and two b jets in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Study of W boson production in PbPb and pp collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of higher-order harmonic azimuthal anisotropy in PbPb collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV
in Physical Review C
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Search for baryon number violation in top-quark decays
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Long-range and short-range dihadron angular correlations in central PbPb collisions at $ \sqrt { {{s_{\text{NN}}}}} $ = 2.76 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the differential dijet production cross section in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Measurement of the underlying event in the Drell-Yan process in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7~\mbox{TeV}$
in The European Physical Journal C
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Search for top-quark partners with charge 5/3 in the same-sign dilepton final state.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of the ratio of inclusive jet cross sections using the anti- k T algorithm with radius parameters R = 0.5 and 0.7 in p p collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Jet momentum dependence of jet quenching in PbPb collisions at s N N = 2.76 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Search for new physics in events with same-sign dileptons and jets in pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 8 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for new physics in final states with a lepton and missing transverse energy in p p collisions at the LHC
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Search for top squark and Higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of W? and Z? production in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for dark matter and large extra dimensions in pp collisions yielding a photon and missing transverse energy.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of the triple-differential cross section for photon + jets production in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 7 TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Measurement of the prompt J / ? and ? ( 2 S ) polarizations in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for first generation scalar leptoquarks in the e ? jj channel in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for charge-asymmetric production of W ' bosons in t t ¯ + jet events from pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Measurements of differential jet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV with the CMS detector
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for B(s)(0) ? µ+ µ- and B(0) ? µ+ µ- decays in pp collisions at sqrt[s] = 7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the $\mathrm{ {t\bar{t}}}$ production cross section in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV using the kinematic properties of events with leptons and jets
in The European Physical Journal C
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Search for resonances in the dilepton mass distribution in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7 $ TeV
in Journal of High Energy Physics
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for high-mass resonances decaying into t-lepton pairs in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for three-jet resonances in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for a W' or techni-? decaying into WZ in pp Collisions at sqrt[s] = 7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Measurement of neutral strange particle production in the underlying event in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Measurement of the ratio of the inclusive 3-jet cross section to the inclusive 2-jet cross section in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7\ \mathrm{TeV}$ and first determination of the strong coupling constant in the TeV range
in The European Physical Journal C
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the t t ¯ production cross section in p p collisions at 7 TeV in lepton + jets events using b -quark jet identification
in Physical Review D
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for large extra dimensions in dimuon and dielectron events in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Determination of the top-quark pole mass and strong coupling constant from the t t ¯ production cross section in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2014)
Measurement of inclusive W and Z boson production cross sections in pp collisions at sqrt[s] = 8 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Search for new physics in events with opposite-sign leptons, jets, and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2011)
Measurement of the ratio of the 3-jet to 2-jet cross sections in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B
Chatrchyan S
(2013)
Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of neutral pions in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s](NN)] = 2.76 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Measurement of the electron charge asymmetry in inclusive W production in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=7 TeV.
in Physical review letters
Chatrchyan S
(2012)
Search for heavy long-lived charged particles in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV
in Physics Letters B