The Metic Experience of the Black British Writer - Challenging the Margins of African writing

Lead Research Organisation: King's College London
Department Name: English Language and Literature

Abstract

The term 'Metic', a Greek word first used by T S Eliot, translates as foreigners or resident aliens whose allegiances are split between their homeland and their new country. I adapted/extended the term to BLACK METIC, to explain the phenomena experienced by black writers in the UK. It is a way of understanding my identity. 1: Is there a matrix (cultural, social, or political) in which the Black British Metics thrive? 2: How do Black British Metics compare to their American counterparts and what insights might be revealed through such comparisons? 3: What emergent poetics are created through the Black British Metics' autobiographical storytelling of fractured memories?
Methodology: 4 interlinked sections of research 1) I will write a manifesto and define the theory of Metics and compare it to current research on globalisation, mobility and migration studies. Good examples are Tim Cresswell's Mobility Theory, and Stuart Hall's Migration Politics. This is significant research because it builds on the concepts of cultural identity and identifies a new mode of identity where writers of African descent will be further studied in a new critical matrix.
2: Field-based research via Twenty Metic Interviews: I will focus on four Black poetry movements of the 21st century in the US and UK; Dark Room Collective, Dark Noise Collective, Malika's Kitchen and Cave Canem. This includes close readings and comparative analyses of primary texts, contextualised with historical and anthropological accounts, and interviews with the authors themselves. Interviews with five Metics from each collective will be digitally archived. Each poet will contribute three poems towards a Metics' Anthology comprising interviews and poems. I want this inquiry into the Black Metic Experience to disrupt the dominant story of the British canon. I will distinguish how they might may qualify as Metics, explore four areas to test the theory, devise a workshop offering creative strategies for artists to distinguish their unique Metic Experience and develop their contemporary creative practice.
3. Archival Methods: I must discuss Black British writing and think about its chronology, distinguishing between the above Black poetic movements and past movements in the US and UK during the 20th century. I will analyse these movements by accessing primary materials from the 1980s to the present. Some of these are held in London, such as Bogle L'Overture, the Caribbean Artists Movement, and Apples and Snakes.
4: New Poetry Collection exploring the 1976 Entebbe hijacking of Air France Flight 139. This event sets into motion my eventual exodus from Uganda. Airports factor in my work helping me to observe the ecology of waiting, acting as thresholds to a new life and a place where new worlds collide. It is a way to navigate the importance of time and points of departure. The terminal poems are a way of dealing with memory. My first airport ride took me into exile from Nairobi (NBO) to London (LHR). The source material is both personal and political.The 'Terminal poems' will use the international Air Transport Association (IATA) codes as titles: for example MBA (Mombasa International) and ATL (Atlanta International). Nasser Hussain's poetry collection SKY WRI TEI NGS is composed entirely of three- letter airport codes. Sam Anderson's New York Times review of Hussain's collection says that 'Airport codes - the three-letter, all-caps abbreviations we know from our boarding passes - are awkward little knuckles of language'. The Manifesto and interviews will be an online resource for academics, writers and the general in the form of a teaching anthology. To encourage public engagement I will hold a Metics symposium, publishing a critical paper on aspects of the Metic Experience. I will open up conversations around exile, creolization, liminality and fractured identity. Dr Howe's shares my interest in the poetics of race, identity foreignness/migration/belonging.

People

ORCID iD

Nick Makoha (Student)

Publications

10 25 50
 
Title Hollywood Africans - Poem 
Description Poetry London Autumn 2021 issue 100 
Type Of Art Creative Writing 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact Winning poem of Poetry London Prize 2021 Poetry London's 100th issue marks 33 years in print as one of the UK's leading poetry magazines. This hardcover bumper issue - featuring a specially-commissioned silver block-printed design - features a retrospective showcase of poems entitled 'Our History in Verse', which includes work by Les Murray, Alice Oswald, Kwame Dawes, Vénus Khoury-Ghata, Sharon Olds, Moniza Alvi, Fred D'Aguiar, Alice Notley, Kathleen Jamie, Frances Leviston, Sarah Howe, Niall Campbell and Romalyn Ante. Elsewhere in its pages are brilliant translations of new work by the German poet Durs Grünbein, the Sri Lankan Tamil poet Nillanthan, and the Dutch poet Anne Vegter. The issue's prose includes an essay by Christopher Reid on his new anthology of London poems, Poems of London (Everyman's Library Pocket Poets Series, 2021), as well as an excerpt from Dan O'Brien's A Story that Happens: On Playwriting, Childhood, & Other Traumas (CB Editions / Dalkey Archive Press, 2021), which offers some hard-won insights into how we source our stories and why we begin to tell them. Other prose contributions include an insightful 'Postcard from the '90s' by our Reviews Editor Dai George, as well as criticism by Jenny Wong, Aoife Lyall, Stephanie Sy-Quia and Pratyusha, our current Ledbury Editor-in-Residence. Other highlights are the winners of the 2021 Poetry Prize, as judged by Malika Booker, and 'How To Be A Poet: A Collage', composed of exclusive excerpts from interviews published by Poetry London over the past decades. 
URL https://poetrylondon.co.uk/product/autumn-2021-issue-100/
 
Title Icarus at the Fun Gallery in the East Village of New York and Basquiat asks the Poet to Paint him the Truth 
Description Five Dials WINTER21 Reissuing, Remembering 
Type Of Art Creative Writing 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact Five Dials is a digital literary magazine published from London by Hamish Hamilton, an imprint of Penguin Books. Edited by Craig Taylor, Five Dials features short fiction, essays, letters, poetry, reporting from around the world and illustrations. 
URL https://fivedials.com/back-issues/autumn-21-legacies/
 
Title Poem - 76 
Description Bridport Prize Anthology 2021 
Type Of Art Creative Writing 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact The Bridport Prize Anthology 2021 Poems, short stories, flash fiction - Type: Paperback - ISBN: 978-1-911408-86-4 Enjoy the poems and prose from our talented 2021 winners selected by judges Robert McCrum and Raymond Antrobus. See what incredible work was created during this most extraordinary of years. 
URL https://bridportprize.org.uk/shop/
 
Title Poem - Codex 7 + Codex 8 
Description Poetry Birmingham Issue 5 
Type Of Art Creative Writing 
Year Produced 2020 
Impact This is the Autumn/Winter 2020 issue of Poetry Birmingham Literary Journal, edited by Suna Afshan and Naush Sabah. It is the first issue with a substantial prose offering: robust and engaging writing on poetry, taking the form of essays, reviews, close readings of poems, and conversations. As ever, there is poetry from new and established poets. 
URL https://poetrybirmingham.com/store/p/issue-5-autumnwinter-20-poetry-birmingham-literary-journal
 
Title Poem - Icarus Asks Basquiat To Paint Him 
Description World Literature Today - Online - October 11, 2021 
Type Of Art Creative Writing 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact Editorial note: Black Voices is a special series guest-edited by Mahtem Shiferraw and sponsored by the WLT Puterbaugh Endowment, which makes possible the Puterbaugh Lit Fest. The series will run on a weekly basis through October 2021. 
URL https://www.worldliteraturetoday.org/blog/black-voices/icarus-asks-basquiat-paint-him-nick-makoha
 
Title Poem- Codex 12 
Description Black Lillies Issue Two: Boomtown (June 2021) 
Type Of Art Creative Writing 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact Bad Lilies is a digital journal of poetry - Bad Lilies is published six times a year and is edited by Kathryn Gray and Andrew Neilson. 
URL https://www.badlilies.uk/issues
 
Title Poem- The Will Call this Evidence 
Description The Forward Book of Poetry 2021 
Type Of Art Creative Writing 
Year Produced 2021 
Impact The annual Forward Book of Poetry brings news from the frontlines of the contemporary poetry boom. The judges of the Forward Prizes, described by the Daily Telegraph as 'the most coveted awards in British poetry', have chosen the best work from the year's UK crop of new collections and literary journals. Their selection combines fresh voices with familiar names, making the book essential reading for seasoned poetry enthusiasts and new readers alike. 
URL https://www.faber.co.uk/product/9780571362486-the-forward-book-of-poetry-2021/
 
Description ICA writer-in-residence LAHP 3 month Placement 
Organisation Institute of Contemporary Arts
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution ICA Writer-in-residence As part of the LAHP-Placement-Scheme, I was onsite 2 days a week. During that time, I pursued my own research in the library/archive and in consultation with gallery experts, I investigated the possibility of making contact with the Basquiat estate and curators of the King Pleasure retrospective of Basquiat's work in New York. As a lasting record of the residency, I curated 2 customer facing events - A crtical review of my mansurpt The New Carathaginians and a masterclass called the Brunch with Basquiat. Also we secured a trip to Montreal to see an exhibition on Basquiat at the Montreal Museum of Fine art.
Collaborator Contribution 1: Provide office space and resource 2: Access to the ICA Archive of Basquiat's 1984 3: Support in funding applications to attend the Montreal Musem of Fine Art 4: Help in presenting customer-facing parts of the project
Impact ? Access to ICA studio 2 days a week. ? A masterclass workshop in conjunction with the education department = Basquiat Brunch ? Closed reading for invited guests of Nick's Manuscript The New Carthaginians ? Access to ICA Archives (re: Basquiat) held at the Tate ? Interview for ICA podcast ? Trip to Montreal Museum of Fine Art in February to view the Basquiat Exhibition ? Research on Basquiat's 1984 exhibition at the ICA November 2021. ? Completion of final poem of the collection. ? Interviews with key people who worked with Basquiat on 1984 ICA exhibition.
Start Year 2022
 
Description Common Language #2: Borders - Poet in the City 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Despite a fast-paced, changing news agenda, the same key phrases and buzzwords appear year after year among the headlines, read out by newsreaders or posted on social media channels. But what do these terms really mean, and how should they be interpreted in the context of current issues? Common Language will see a poet and an activist or academic paired together to unpack the meaning behind current affairs terminology and their usage among societal issues of today.

Produced by Poet in the City, Common Language is a new digital programme with an initial series spanning four episodes, broadcast live and hosted on YouTube. Each 30 minute conversation will be interspersed by poetry that serves as both an entry point and a response to the topic in hand. The speakers were chosen for their contribution and work within these fields and the poets to share their lived experiences through spoken word.

Episode 2: Borders

Why do borders exist, who gets to draw them, and what inequalities are being created as immigration policy becomes stricter? We hear from academic Maya Goodfellow and Ugandan poet Nick Makoha on the politics, the violence and the 'othering' of international border policy
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.poetinthecity.co.uk/Event/common-language-2-borders
 
Description Fourth Verve Poetry Performance Lecture 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Third sector organisations
Results and Impact In this year's Performance-Lecture, Nick Makoha fuses these seemingly disparate sources and events into poems in a new piece based around his recent work A Low-Pressure System, which won the Ivan Juritz Prize. He brings Basquiat and Icarus back to life in dream-like dialogues whilst gradually, kaleidoscopically, piecing together these stories' disconnected frames, paralleled against moments from his own life - including fleeing the Idi Amin regime in Uganda - and other historical events, all linked by the motif of flight. The Verve Performance-Lecture (a stylised form of teaching-as-performance, originating from contemporary art practice), invites a poet who has never been asked to give a lecture before to create a presentation fusing academic discourse with poetry and spoken word on a subject of their choosing. In association with Poetry School.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://vervepoetryfestival.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/2023-Verve-Programme-FINAL-1.pdf
 
Description John Hansard Gallery presents Obsidian Foundation a commission 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The event will feature newly commissioned poems in response to Morgan Quaintance's film Missing Time, currently showing at John Hansard Gallery.
Featuring local poets, alongside Obsidian Foundation members Ester Heller, Asmad Jama and Kojo Apeagyei, as well as hosts Ella Frears and Nick Makoha, the readings will be followed by a Q&A exploring written responses to art.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://jhg.art/events/jhg-poetry-art-to-art/
 
Description Out-Spoken at the Southbank Centre 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact Hear poetry from Alice Hiller, Nick Makoha and Wayne Holloway-Smith, plus music from Kyra and Simeon Hammond Dallas, at Out-Spoken's final gig of the year.
Thu 25 Nov 2021, 7.45pm
Part of Out-Spoken
Purcell Room at Queen Elizabeth Hall
Literature & poetry
£7 ?-? £10
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.southbankcentre.co.uk/whats-on/literature-poetry/out-spoken-november
 
Description Poetry Reading for the Poetry review - Guest Reader 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The Poetry Society presents an exciting line-up of readers for the launch of the Winter issue of The Poetry Review. The event will be introduced by W. N. Herbert and Denise Saul, this edition's guest editors.

The event will include readings from Malika Booker, Jacob Polley, Nick Makoha and Pascale Petit.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2023
URL https://poetrysociety.org.uk/event/poetry-review-winter-2022-launch/
 
Description Virgil's Aeneid: Lessons on Fleeing, Hope and Resilience: 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach Local
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact an evening of poetry and discussion considering the lessons of Virgil's Aeneid in the context of contemporary refugee emergencies. Virgil's legendary Aeneid is an epic Latin poem written between 29 and 19 BC. It charts the story of Aeneas who fled from Troy, a city under siege in the East, and forged his way across the Mediterranean in search of safety. On arrival, Aeneas, and all those escaping the war are faced with a hostile rejection that breeds bitterness, resentment and conflict towards the refugees. Over two centuries later, similar narratives can be found today. What lessons can Virgil's Aeneid teach us about fleeing, hope and resilience?

Hear from contemporary poets, activists and community organisers who will share stories about refugees experiences throughout the ages, shine a light on current grassroots support initiatives, and consider lessons for the future.

Nick Makoha (poet)
Laura Hanna (actor)
Edith Hall (writer and academic)
Laila Sumpton (poet and educator)
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://wiltons.org.uk/whatson/672-virgil-s-aeneid-lessons-on-fleeing-hope-and-resilience