Rational Method Development of In Vitro Release Methodologies for Nanomedicines

Nanomedicines have been researched and developed over the last decades because their small size provides attractive properties for the delivery of drugs, such as the ability to pass certain biological barriers or bypass certain elimination processes within the body. The umbrella term nanomedicines includes a range of different drug formulation methodologies such as polymeric nanoparticles, lipid vesicles and dendrimers. Despite the considerable body of work on the manufacture and physicochemical properties of nanomedicine formulations, standardised and regulatory approved procedures to characterise drug release from nanomedicines are still lacking. Compared to other formulation routes such as oral formulations, the lack of established drug release procedures is a main gap for the development and regulatory approval of nanomedicines. We believe that this gap originates in parts from a lack of fundamental and, if possible, universal understanding of key parameters that affect drug release from nanomedicines. This is likely linked to the complexity of the different nanomedicine formulations and the diversity of drug release methodologies that have been used.
In this project, we therefore propose a rational and systematic approach to curate and acquire drug release data from three classes of nanomedicine formulations; polymeric nanoparticles, lipid vesicles and dendrimers. We will first establish suitable analytical pipelines for characterising drug release from these formulations, followed by a computational approach to identifying key physicochemical properties of these formulations that can be used to categorise the drug release profile from these formulations. A machine learning approach will be used to establish a predictive tool to connect nanomedicine properties with drug release profiles. The final outcome of the project will be a recommendation for a universal workflow for the classification and drug release characterisation from nanoparticle-based formulations.

Pharmaceutical technologies underpin healthcare product development. Medicinal products are becoming increasingly complex, and while the next generation of research scientists in the life- and pharmaceutical sciences will require high competency in at least one scientific discipline, they will also need to be trained differently than the current generation. Future research leaders need to be equipped with the skills required to lead innovation and change, and to work in, and connect concepts across diverse scientific disciplines and environments. This CDT will train PhD scientists in cross-disciplinary areas central to the pharmaceutical, healthcare and life sciences sectors, whilst generating impactful research in these fields. The CDT outputs will benefit the pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors and will underpin EPSRC call priorities in the development of low molecular weight molecules and biologics into high value products.

Benefits of cohort research training: The CDT's most direct beneficiaries will be the graduates themselves. They will develop cross-disciplinary scientific knowledge and expertise, and receive comprehensive soft skills training. This will render them highly employable in R&D in the pharmaceutical, healthcare and wider life-sciences sectors, as is evidenced by the employment record in R&D intensive jobs of graduates from our predecessor CDTs. Our students will graduate into a supportive network of alumni, academic, and industrial scientists, aiding them to advance their professional careers.

Benefits to industry: The pharmaceutical sector is a key part of the UK economy, and for its future success and international competitiveness a skilled workforce is needed. In particular, it urgently needs scientists trained to develop medicines from emerging classes of advanced active molecules, which have formulation requirements that are very different from current drugs. The CDT will make a considerable impact by delivering a highly educated and skilled cohort of PhD graduates. Our industrial partners include big pharma, SMEs, CROs, CMOs, CMDOs and start-up incubators, ensuring that CDT training is informed by, and our students exposed to research drivers in, a wide cross-section of industry. Research projects in the CDT will be designed through a collaborative industry-academia innovation process, bringing direct benefits to the companies involved, and will help to accelerate adoption of new science and approaches in the medicines development. Benefit to industry will also be though potential generation of IP-protected inventions in e.g. formulation materials and/or excipients with specific functionalities, new classes of drug carriers/formulations or new in vitro disease models. Both universities have proven track records in IP generation and exploitation. Given the value added by the pharma industry to the UK economy ('development and manufacture of pharmaceuticals', contributes £15.7bn in GVA to the UK economy, and supports ~312,000 jobs), the economic impacts of high-level PhD training in this area are manifest.

Benefits to society: The CDT's research into the development of new medical products will, in the longer term, deliver potent new therapies for patients globally. In particular, the ability to translate new active molecules into medicines will realise their potential to transform patient treatments for a wide spectrum of diseases including those that are increasing in prevalence in our ageing population, such as cardiovascular (e.g. hypertension), oncology (e.g. blood cancers), and central nervous system (e.g. Alzheimer's) disorders. These new medicines will also have major economic benefits to the UK. The CDT will furthermore proactively undertake public engagement activities, and will also work with patient groups both to expose the public to our work and to foster excitement in those studying science at school and inspire the next generation of research scientists.