Building an Alternative Distribution Network for Moroccan Cinema: Online Audiences, Festival Networks and Transnational Talent Development

Lead Research Organisation: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
Department Name: Modern Languages

Abstract

The project builds on unplanned opportunities for impact and engagement activities beyond academia that have emerged during the AHRC-funded Transnational Moroccan Cinema research project.

It aims to provide a greater visibility to Moroccan cinema by bringing three artistically innovative but little-known Moroccan films (one narrative feature, one documentary feature and one short film) to the attention of a diverse range of audiences in Morocco, the UK and internationally (via online distribution). This will be achieved by working with film archives and Moroccan filmmakers or producers to locate the films, secure the rights to screen them and then work with specialists in digital restoration as well as subtitlers to produce a high-quality digital cinema package (DCP) of each films. The films will then be launched across the network of four UK film festivals specialising in African or Arab cinema and at two festivals in Morocco before being made available for free online for a period of 12 months. Using a group of online 'influencers' to bring these films to the attention of a transnational audience online, the intention is to reach as wide and diverse an audience as possible, not just researchers and cinephiles who may already be aware of these films and filmmakers.

In essence, this project is a response to the challenge laid down by filmmaker and critic Mark Cousins for researchers, translators and film archivists to make significant but little known films from across the world more visible to as wide an audience as possible.

Disseminating these films to an online audience will therefore enhance the understanding and appreciation of Moroccan cinema more generally. However, this project also focuses on how the wider recognition of these films can act as a catalyst for a series of more targeted initiatives. A second stage of this project will thus build on the visibility given to these lost classics of Moroccan cinema in order to:

(a) allow the films to be used as a focal point for emerging Moroccan filmmakers to better understand their own film history and how such an understanding can inform and enhance their own filmmaking

(b) offer a space for encounter between film schools in Morocco and abroad (more specifically the UK) that can develop collaboration, networking, training and a sharing of knowledge in what might be described as a process of transnational talent development for emerging Moroccan filmmakers

(c) encourage new initiatives and collaboration between the film industry, festival organisers, and policy makers in Morocco and the UK relating to international co-production and new strategies for distribution

(d) produce a video essay inspired by the three digitally restored Moroccan films that offers an innovative way of thinking about these films will bring the films to the attention of cinephiles, researchers and students of world cinema, who may be aware of their existence, and the diversity of Moroccan cinema more generally.

Planned Impact

The project will benefit the following groups in the following ways:

1. Online and film festival audiences (researchers, cinephiles, the general public) will discover artistically important Moroccan films and thus gain a greater insight into the Moroccan cinema as well as its significance to African and World cinema.

2. Festival programmers and international distributors will gain a greater appreciation of the diversity of Moroccan cinema that could inform their subsequent consideration of Moroccan cinema for inclusion in festival programming and theatrical distribution. The project also encourages programmers and distributors to explore alternative online distribution strategies.

3. Emerging Moroccan filmmakers will benefit from a deeper understanding of Moroccan film history, which can inform and enhance their own filmmaking. They will also benefit from workshops with tutors and staff from the London Film School (LFS) at the FIDEC festival - gaining valuable support and feedback to help them develop their own film projects as well as building a network of international contacts within the film industry that will help advance their own careers and thus benefit the development and international visibility of Moroccan cinema more generally.

4. LFS staff and tutors will also benefit from this cross-cultural exchange with emerging Moroccan filmmakers, staff and students at Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, as part of the FIDEC festival. They will expand their knowledge of Moroccan film history and gain cultural insights, as well as establishing a new network of creative collaborators from Moroccan/African cinema.

4. The film practice programmes based in the arts faculty at Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tetouan, will benefit from the advice and support from the London Film School in preparing their application to to CILECT (the international association of film and television schools).

5. National screen agencies such as the CCM in Morocco and the BFI in the UK and film archivists can learn from the project's innovative approach to widening access to classics of world cinema online (this also includes the video essay inspired by the three restored films that will be produced as part of the project).

6. Film archives and researchers with a specific interest in Moroccan/African/Arab cinema will benefit from high-quality digital copies of the three Moroccan films being made available in film archives.

7. Directors and producers (the rights holders of the selected Moroccan films) will be presented with DCP copies of their films. As the custodians of the DCP (subtitled in English) they will be able to present the film at a wide range of international film festivals as well as benefiting from other commercial and educational screening opportunities for their film.

8. Students and staff at both the University of Exeter and Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tetouan will gain valuable training and vocational experience from their collaboration in subtitling the three Moroccan films.

Publications

10 25 50
 
Title BAB AL-SAMA MAFTUH / DOOR TO THE SKY (1989) 
Description Digital Cinema Package of Farida Benlyazid's 1989 feature film, 'Door to the Sky'. The film was restored and digitised by post-production house Dragon DI (Wales) as part of this research project. Subtitling in English and French was completed by students from the MA translation, Univesity of Exeter, College of Humanities. 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2020 
Impact The restored digital copy of 'Door to the Sky' has allowed the film to be seen by new audiences at online festivals in Morocco, the UK, Europe and South America. The restored copy of the film was screened at the Moroccan National Film festival (Tangier) in March 2020. A digital copy of the restored film has been donated to the national archive of the CCM (Moroccan Film Council) in Rabat, Morocco. As a result of the film's restoration/digitisation it was streamed to audiences in Morocco via the CCM website during the national lockdown caused by Covid-19 in May 2020. 
URL https://www.africa-in-motion.org.uk/aim-at-home/festival/programme/event/589
 
Title La Falaise / The Cliff (Bensaïdi, 1997) 
Description digitally restored version of short film 
Type Of Art Film/Video/Animation 
Year Produced 2022 
Impact The restored film was screened at the opening ceremony of the 2022 edition of FIDEC (international film school film festival) in Tetouan, Morocco, 7/11/22 to an audience of 400 people 
 
Description The award has allowed a previously unavailable key work from Moroccan cinema/Arab women's filmmaking to be restored and archived for future generations. The film is now in a high-quality digital format, with subtitles in English and French, allowing it to reach new audiences (through film festivals and online) in the UK, Morocco and internationally.

The award has promoted transnational talent development and training of emerging Moroccan filmmakers to take place with established UK-based film educators and industry professionals. This has benefited both emerging Moroccan filmmakers who have received the training, as well as affording the UK-based filmmakers they have worked with new perspectives on their own film practice.
Exploitation Route In addition to academic researchers in film studies, the outcomes of the funding could be useful to those working in the area of film restoration, in film education and film festival curtain and programming.
Sectors Creative Economy,Education,Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections

 
Description The restoration and digitisation of a key feature film film by a Moroccan women director (Farida Benlyazid) and a short film by key Moroccan auteur Faouzi Besaidi, was central to this project. The restoration of these two films have brought a 'lost classic' of Arab women's filmmaking and contemporary Moroccan auteur cinema to new audiences in the UK, Morocco and internationally. The restoration of the film, resulting in a high quality digital copy, means that the film is safeguarded and archived for future generations in Morocco and the UK. The project has also raised the profile of Moroccan cinema with a range of international film festivals and programmers. Finally, through a series of workshops, the project has promoted transnational talent development, training and cultural exchange between emerging Moroccan filmmakers, film educators and film students in Morocco with film educators and filmmakers from the UK.
First Year Of Impact 2019
Sector Creative Economy,Digital/Communication/Information Technologies (including Software),Culture, Heritage, Museums and Collections
Impact Types Cultural,Societal,Economic

 
Description Africa in Motion Film Festval (AiM) 
Organisation Africa in Motion Film Festival
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Charity/Non Profit 
PI Contribution Building on their collaboration on from a previous AHRC funded project on Moroccan cinema, the research team work closely with the Africa in Motion (AiM) festival, a key member of the TANO network of specialist African film festivals in the UK. We plan to use AiM's association with the TANO network to screen the restored Moroccan films linked to this project at the four UK African film festivals: Africa in Motion (Glasgow and Edinburgh), Film Africa (London), Afrika Eye (Bristol), and Watch-Africa (Cardiff). As well as using the festivals to promote the online launch of the films, we will highlight the continued contemporary relevance of the films in order to re-contextualise them for audiences of the festivals and to expand their access to world cinema.
Collaborator Contribution AiM has incorporated the impact activities of the research project into the festival itself - giving the project a visibility as part of the UK's leading international film festival focusing on African and Arab filmmaking. The first restored film - 'Door to the Sky' [Benlyazid, 1989] - was due to be screened as part of AiM's physical festival in November 2020 - however this screening was transferred to the online version of the festival due to Covid-19. The inclusion of the film as part of AiM's 2020 programme has brought the film to the attention of specialist African film festivals across the globe, leading to screenings at online festivals in the UK, Switzerland and Brazil.
Impact December 2020 - screening of 'Door to the Sky' followed by panel discussion as part of the online edition of the 2020 Africa in Motion festival.
Start Year 2019
 
Description London Film School 
Organisation London Film School
Country United Kingdom 
Sector Academic/University 
PI Contribution PI (Higbee) worked closely with members of the London Film School to plan and deliver workshops for the emerging Moroccan filmmakers at the 2019 edition of International Film School Short Film Festival (FIDEC) in Tetouan.
Collaborator Contribution As part of the 2019 edition of the International Film School Short Film Festival (FIDEC) in Tetouan, the LFS offered master-classes on producing and pitching workshops on documentary filmmaking involving film students and tutors from Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tetouan, as well as emerging Moroccan filmmakers attending the festival.
Impact Delivery of Master-classes on producing and pitching workshops and documentary filmmaking.
Start Year 2019
 
Description An online screening of 'Door to the Sky' at the Feminist Film Heritage global networking event 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact The restored copy of Farida Benlyazid's 'Door to the Sky'/ Une Porte sur le Ciel was screened as part of the Feminist Film heritage Global Networking event - this is a film that members of the research team have published research on and selected for restoration. The AHRC follow-on-funding grant linked to this project paid for the restoration and digitisation of the film.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://networks.h-net.org/node/14467/discussions/8663833/feminist-film-heritage-call-expressions-in...
 
Description Online Screening of 'Door to the Sky / 'Une Porte sur le Ciel' at Dardishi festival (Glasgow) 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The restored copy of Farida Benlyazid's 'Door to the Sky'/ 'Une Porte sur le Ciel' was screened online as part of the Dardishi festival on 26/10/21 - this is a film that members of the research team have published research on and selected for restoration. The AHRC follow-on-funding grant linked to this project paid for the restoration and digitisation of the film.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.dardishi.com/tickets/doortothesky
 
Description Online screening of 'Door to the Sky' 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact A version of the classic Moroccan film, 'Door to the Sky' (Benlyazid, 1989) restored and digitised as part of the research project was selected by the CCM (Moroccan Film Council) as one of twenty 'classics' of Moroccan cinema to be streamed online in May 2020 to Moroccan audiences during the national lockdown caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. According to the CCM, the film was viewed by over 2300 people in a 24-hour period. The screening allowed a Moroccan audiences (both those new to the film and those who had seen it on its original release in 1989) to view this key work of Moroccan cinema that had been unavailable for over 20 years in a high-quality digital format.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
 
Description Online screening of 'Door to the Sky' at South London Gallery 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact As a result of the screening of the film at the African in Motion festival in December 2020, the Moroccan film, 'Door to the Sky' (1989) restored and digitised as part of the research project was selected for a special screening by the South London Gallery in January 2021. The screening allowed a new UK/international audience to see this previously unavailable film for the first time.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
URL https://www.southlondongallery.org/events/south-by-south-online-door-to-the-sky/
 
Description Presentation of Moroccan Cinema Uncut monograph at SCMS conference, March 2021 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Study participants or study members
Results and Impact Panel delivered by two of the members of the research team: PI, Prof Will Higbee and CI, Prof Flo Martin with the participation of filmmaker Sofia El Khiary. The panel discussed the monograph linked to the research project (Moroccan Cinema Uncut, EUP 2020) as well as Khiary's films and work on the restoration of Farida Benlyazid's film 'Une Porte Sur le Ciel', which was funded by the AHRC follow-on-funding linked to the Transnational Moroccan Cinema project.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2021
 
Description Screening at Moroccan National Film Festival (Tangier), March 2020 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Professional Practitioners
Results and Impact An audience of 300 people attended a gala screening in Tangier of 'Door to the Sky' (1989). The film had been restored and a high-quality digital copy (DCP) had been produced as part of this research project. The screening was programmed as part of the Moroccan National (film) Festival - the most important festival in Morocco that brings Moroccan filmmakers, film critics and policy makers together with members of the international film industry.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.ccm.ma
 
Description Screening of 'Door to the Sky' and online panel discussion for the 'Subtitling World Cinema' workshop, as part of the 2020 'Being Human' festival of the Humanities. 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact As part of a workshop on 'Subtitling World Cinema' in a strand of the 2020 'Being Human' festival of the Humanities, the film 'A Door to the Sky' was screened and project PI (Prof Will Higbee) and CI (Stef Van de Peer) participated in a panel discussion after the screening. The discussion involved four films (including 'Door to the Sky') as part of a wider Subtitling World Cinema project at the University of Exeter. The discussion on 'Door to the Sky' included contributions from project PI (Higbee), CI (Dr Stef Van de Peer) and Owain Morgan (a digital restoration technician form Dragon DI - the company who restored and digitised 'Door to the Sky' as part of this AHRC-funded project). The film was viewed by 87 people and the online panel discussion on Zoom that followed for all four films was attended by approximately 120 people - a mixture of academics, postgraduate students, professional translators and the general public.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://beinghumanfestival.org/event/subtitling-world-cinema-workshop/
 
Description Screening of Moroccan film, 'Door to the Sky' at African in Motion festival and panel discussion with filmmakers (December 2020). 
Form Of Engagement Activity A talk or presentation
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The Moroccan film, 'Door to the Sky' (1989) restored and digitised as part of the research project was screened as part of the 2020 Africa in Motion film festival (online edition). A pre-recorded panel discussion between the director (Farida Benlyazid), project CI (Stef Van de Peer) and two young Moroccan filmmakers followed the online screening of film. The screening allowed a new UK/international audience to see this previously unavailable film for the first time and discover more about this key film of Moroccan cinema history as well as women filmmakers in Morocco.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://www.africa-in-motion.org.uk/aim-at-home/festival/programme/event/589
 
Description Screening of Une Porte sur le Ciel as part of the Arab Film Festvial, Zurich 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The restored copy of Farida Benlyazid's 'Door to the Sky'/ 'Une Porte sur le Ciel' was screened as part of the Arab Film Festvial (Zurich) - this is a film that members of the research team have published research on and selected for restoration. The AHRC follow-on-funding grant linked to this project paid for the restoration and digitisation of the film.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2020
URL https://en.iaffz.com/festival-2020/movies/une-porte-sur-le-ciel/
 
Description Screenings as part of the Cinema Rediscovered Season 
Form Of Engagement Activity A broadcast e.g. TV/radio/film/podcast (other than news/press)
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach National
Primary Audience Public/other audiences
Results and Impact The version of Door to the Sky that was restored as part of this research project was screened at seven cinemas across the UK between July and November 2022: Watershed Bristol (22/7/22); Filmhouse Edinburgh 24/8/2022; Hyde Park PictureHouse, Leeds 28/11/2022; ICA, London 25/10/2022; MAC Birmingham 22/1/2023; Derby West Indian Centre 3/12/2022; Theatr Mwldan in Cardigan 16/12/2022 Showroom, Sheffield: 24/10/2022; Trowbridge Townhall 11/11/2022.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2022
URL https://www.watershed.co.uk/cinema-rediscovered-2022
 
Description Workshop and panel discussion about restoration of 'Door to the Sky', FIDEC festival, Tetouan, December 2019 
Form Of Engagement Activity Participation in an activity, workshop or similar
Part Of Official Scheme? No
Geographic Reach International
Primary Audience Postgraduate students
Results and Impact As part of the Tetouan International Film School Film Festival (FIDEC) in December 2019, a panel discussion about the restoration of the Moroccan film, 'Door to the Sky' took place with postgraduate students at Abdelmalek Essaadi University (Tetouan) and FIDEC delegates. The panel consisted of project PI (Prof Will Higbee), project team member Professor Flo Martin and the film's director, Farida Benlyazid. Students listened to a presentation and discussion by the panel of the significance of this film to Moroccan cinema, as well as its importance to the development of women's filmmaking across the Arab world more generally. The process of restoring, archiving and preserving Moroccan cinema for future generations of students and the general public was also discussed by the panel.
Year(s) Of Engagement Activity 2019